CN1371618A

CN1371618A - Nutritious grass and method for making same

Info

Publication number: CN1371618A
Application number: CN01106174A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阎广信
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-02-20
Filing date: 2001-02-20
Publication date: 2002-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-02-20
Also published as: CN1168391C

Abstract

The invented nutrient forage grass is made of cornstalk, rice grass, rhynchospermum verticillatum and dewatered vegetable leaf which are as main raw material; corn flour, bean flour, stone powder, bone powder, grains, salt and multivitamin nutrient solution which are used as auxiliary material and adopting the follownig six step: selecting materials, processing raw materials, blowing and removing dust, mixing, heat-spraying and puffing, block-moulding and packaging.

Description

Nutritious grass and preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to a kind of feed, a kind of specifically a kind of nutritious grass that is applicable to that herbivores such as ox, horse, sheep are edible, this feed belongs to full price type forage grass balanced in nutrition.

At present, owing to be subjected to factor affecting such as the grassland area seriously overloads, desertification in recent years, cause herbage, can not satisfy the livestock needs, and herbaceous stem descends, both used existing straw, straw simply to process the livestock of feeding, also because of nutritional deficiency, the scale of feeding deficiency is easy to cause the livestock body to decline even death in addition.On processing technology, because technology falls behind, the corn stalk of being processed is unfavorable for that livestock absorbs when feeding livestock, and loss and waste is serious, and packing, transportation inconvenience, and practical reference value has bigger limitation, and the product life cycle is short fragile.Therefore, straw utilizes technology that big leap and breakthrough do not take place all the time for many years.

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of straw, straw resource of making full use of, remedy the native grass deficiency and guarantee to have now livestock safety and pass the winter, animal husbandry production is unlikely is subjected to the harmfulness impact, to keep the needs of sustainable development, the preparation method is simple, nutritious, be beneficial to that livestock absorbs be applicable to ox, horse, sheep, etc. the edible nutritious grass of herbivore.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

One, this nutritious grass is prepared from (consumption is a weight portion) by following proportion raw material:

Major ingredient: corn stalk 5.5-6.5, straw 1.0-1.5, autumn yellow careless 0.3-0.5, dehydrated vegetable leaf 0.05-0.1.

Auxiliary material: corn flour 0.5-1, bean powder 0.3-0.5, stone flour 0.03-0.06, bone meal 0.03-0.05, poor slag (vinasse, bean dregs, sugared slag) 5-8, salt 0.05-0.09, multivitamin nutrient liquid.

Multivitamin nutrient liquid is to adopt cornstarch magma as base fluid, adds following ingredients in base fluid: rely base acid, methionine, cystine, aliphatic acid, acetate, propionic acid, butyric acid, VC, VB, VA, VD, VE.

Contain in every hectogram base fluid: rely basic sour 0.005mg, methionine 0.002mg, cystine 0.0015mg, aliphatic acid 0.003mg, acetate 0.001mg, propionic acid 0.0015mg, butyric acid 0.002mg, VC0.00015mg, VB 0.00013mg, VA 0.00011mg, VD 0.0001mg, VE 0.0001mg

Two, the preparation process of this nutritious grass is:

1, select materials: the screening to major ingredient mainly is that corn stalk, straw are selected, in the process of selecting, note mouldy, rotten straw, straw are screened away, count from root, remove 8cm-12cm and can not use as straw, because not only herbaceous stem is poor for this part, and the ash content of grass is also big, therefore, when selecting materials, to remove the big straw of this part ash content, to guarantee the quality of pan feeding grass; To screening as coupling auxiliary materials such as corn flour, vinasse, lysine, bone meal, carry out the index chemical examination to various product purchasings and detect, guarantee selected product quality, can't phase trans-substitution or replacing.

2, raw material processing: with the major ingredient of choosing, pulverize by pulverizer respectively, pulverize density requirements, corn stalk 8-12mm, straw 30-40mm, yellow careless 20-30mm of autumn as corn stalk, straw, Qiu Huangcao etc.; Other auxiliary material except that multivitamin nutrient liquid is evenly stand-by according to the allotment of allotment ratio; Multivitamin nutrient liquid is proportionally deployed stand-by.

3, wind send dedusting, assorted: the major ingredient after pulverizing is separated wherein ash content, impurity to guarantee forage grass purity by blower fan, sent dedusting by wind, the ash content in the forage grass is smaller or equal to 6.7.

4, mix: will screen major ingredient, auxiliary material, multivitamin nutrient liquid after processing, and add in the mixer, and stir, mixing time can not be less than 15 minutes, will make straw, straw by stirring, and becomes the medium of nutrient solution and auxiliary material, adheres to evenly.

5, the heat spray is expanded: it is expanded to carry out the heat spray in mixing grass (material) the adding heat painting machine after will stirring, built-in temperature will be controlled between 80-120 ℃, expanded time 10-15 minute, is removed by the harmful bacterium of high temperature puffing, the straw wooden structures is destroyed, and the nutrition cementation is more stable.

6, briquetting packing.Heat is sprayed nutritious grass after expanded, carry out briquetting, bagging and packaging by the briquetting baling press.

Table one:

Feed ingredient and nutritive value are with reference to coefficient

The feed title	Dry %	Crude protein %	Crude fat %	Crude fibre %	No chlorine extract %	Cinder powder %	Calcium %	Sulphur %	Carrotene %	Can digest the g/kg of unit	The NND/kg of ox energy unit
The feed title	Dry %	Crude protein %	Crude fat %	Crude fibre %	No chlorine extract %	Cinder powder %	Calcium %	Sulphur %	Carrotene %	Can digest the g/kg of unit	The NND/kg of ox energy unit	Corn stalk	90	?5.9	?0.9	??24.9	????50.2	??8.1	-	-	???-	????20	??1.74
Straw	89.4	?2.5	?1.7	??24.1	????48.8	??12.3	0.07	0.05	???-	????2	??1.06	Corn stalk	90	?5.9	?0.9	??24.9	????50.2	??8.1	-	-	???-	????20	??1.74
Straw	89.4	?2.5	?1.7	??24.1	????48.8	??12.3	0.07	0.05	???-	????2	??1.06	Qiu Huangcao	88.3	?3.2	?1.3	??32.5	????46.2	??5.1	0.25	0.18	???-	????4	??1.03
Beet tops	11.0	?2.7	?0.3	??1.1	????4.9	??2.0	0.06	0.01	???3.79	????20	??0.22	Qiu Huangcao	88.3	?3.2	?1.3	??32.5	????46.2	??5.1	0.25	0.18	???-	????4	??1.03
Beet tops	11.0	?2.7	?0.3	??1.1	????4.9	??2.0	0.06	0.01	???3.79	????20	??0.22	Wheat Straw	89.6	?5.6	?1.6	??31.9	????41.1	??9.4	0.05	0.06	???-	????8	??1.02
Corn flour	88.4	?8.6	?3.5	??2.0	????72.9	??1.4	0.06	0.21	???-	????59	??2.76	Wheat Straw	89.6	?5.6	?1.6	??31.9	????41.1	??9.4	0.05	0.06	???-	????8	??1.02
Corn flour	88.4	?8.6	?3.5	??2.0	????72.9	??1.4	0.06	0.21	???-	????59	??2.76	Bean powder	88.0	?37	?16.2	??5.1	????25.1	??4.6	0.27	0.48	???-	????333	??3.23
Rice chaff	90.7	?15.2	?7.3	??8.9	????49.3	??10	0.12	0.18	???-	????103	??2.03	Bean powder	88.0	?37	?16.2	??5.1	????25.1	??4.6	0.27	0.48	???-	????333	??3.23
Rice chaff	90.7	?15.2	?7.3	??8.9	????49.3	??10	0.12	0.18	???-	????103	??2.03	Vinasse	21.0	?4.0	?2.2	??2.3	????11.7	??0.8	-	-	???13.92	????24	??0.47
Bean dregs	11.0	?3.8	?0.8	??2.1	????4.4	??0.4	0.05	0.03	???-	????28	??0.34	Vinasse	21.0	?4.0	?2.2	??2.3	????11.7	??0.8	-	-	???13.92	????24	??0.47
Bean dregs	11.0	?3.8	?0.8	??2.1	????4.4	??0.4	0.05	0.03	???-	????28	??0.34	Brewex's grains	23.4	?6.8	?1.9	??3.9	????9.5	??1.3	0.09	0.18	???-	????50	??0.52
Megasse	12.2	?1.4	?0.1	??3.8	????5.1	??1.8	0.12	0.01	???-	????7	??0.25	Brewex's grains	23.4	?6.8	?1.9	??3.9	????9.5	??1.3	0.09	0.18	???-	????50	??0.52

Table 2

Ox day growth nutritional need is with reference to coefficient

Quantity	Dry kg	The RND of ox energy unit	Comprehensive net energy MT	Thick protein g	Calcium g	Phosphorus g
Quantity	Dry kg	The RND of ox energy unit	Comprehensive net energy MT	Thick protein g	Calcium g	Phosphorus g	1	???2.66	????1.46	???11.76	???236	??5	??5

The present invention has the following advantages:

1, the appearance of novel fodder nutritious grass has alleviated existing grassland and has carried the pressure of herding, and makes the native pasture vegetation obtain adjusting and recovering.

2, the present invention makes full use of straw, straw main producing region resource, increase straw, straw value, reduce the environmental pollution in farming district straw, the rice straw burning process, remedy the native grass deficiency and guarantee to have now livestock safety and pass the winter, animal husbandry production is unlikely is subjected to the harmfulness impact, keep the needs of sustainable development.

3, resource distribution exploitation has more scientific and reasonablely, and farming district residue straw, straw are crossed also field of abdomen through second development and utilization, can improve soil organic matter content, are beneficial to herbage and crop growth and stable high yield.

4 volumes are little, filling is strong: after spraying expanded briquetting processing by heat, small product size is processed front volume and is reduced 4/5ths, after the edible drinking-water of livestock, more than 2/3rds of original volume of can expanding rapidly, to the greatest extent and, solve or alleviate the hunger of livestock, also be more conducive to absorb, because volume reduces significantly, it is greatly convenient also to have brought to transportation simultaneously.

5, comprehensive nutrition.Because the auxilliary nutrient solution that feeds in raw material and have the multivitamin composition of used multiple components, again by heat spray expanding treatment, harmful bacterium is removed, and the straw wooden structures is destroyed, the nutritional labeling of straw and straw is further strengthened, and easier absorption is thorough after the livestock food.Being it, " that eats lacks, absorption many " plays " ship biscuit " effect.

6, safe, superior.By high-temperature dust removal, removal of impurities, make every index of nutritious grass, crude head and shoulders above corn stalk, straw, in some sense, it has fundamentally changed the molecular structure of itself, and nutritional labeling constitutes, and makes its quality safer, more superior.

7, keep the domestic animals energy demand, effect is obvious.By to 16 oxen, the contrast of 25 sheep grouping experiments, to eight ox every every corn stalk 7.5kg that feed of 2mg nutritious grass and other eight every days that feed every day, the conventional drinking-water; 15 sheep every nutritious grass 0.25kg that feed every day, corn stalk, straw 2.5kg and other 10 sheep are fed every day.By experiment contrast in 60 days, no matter be the ox sheep, the nutritious grass of feeding, though scale of feeding is little, and ox, the sheep growth of livestock be significantly better than the cattle and sheep of the nutritious grass of not feeding, the livestock state of mind is good behind the nutritious grass of feeding, hollow billet is shinny, the performance of weightening finish phenomenon is all arranged.By measuring and calculating, two groups of cattle and sheep feeding volume ratios: ox is 1: 7.5, and sheep is 1: 10

Accompanying drawings embodiment.

Fig. 1 is preparation technology's flow chart of nutritious grass.

Embodiment 1:

Warm winter type nutritious grass: the detailed process of making the 100kg nutritious grass is:

1, selects materials: get selected corn stalk 120kg, selected straw material 30kg, yellow careless 6kg of autumn, dehydrated vegetable leaf 1.2kg, corn flour 1kg, bean powder 0.5kg, vinasse 8kg, stone flour 0.04kg, bone meal 0.05kg, salt 0.08kg, multivitamin nutrient liquid 25kg.

2, processing allotment: corn stalk, straw processing are pulverized (standard is by corn stalk 8-12mm, straw 30-40mm) auxiliary material processing proportioning by standard unit's executable operations, and nutrient solution is by the design standard proportioning.

3, dedusting: the corn stalk after will pulverizing, straw, send dust removal machine to do dust removal process by wind.

4, mix: the corn stalk that will pulverize, straw, auxiliary material, multivitamin nutrient liquid add mixer, mixing and stirring, and the time is about 15 minutes.

5, the heat spray is expanded: with the nutritious grass that stirs, add and carry out heat spray expanding treatment in the special pressure vessel, supply gas by boiler, temperature is controlled between 80-120 ℃, and the expanded time is about 15 minutes, gets rid of gas then, by the blower fan cooling, temperature is reduced to below 20 ℃.

6, briquetting: heat is sprayed nutritious grass after expanded, by the forage grass cuber, briquette forming, every nutritious grass, design weight is 50kg ± 5

7, packing: with the nutrition product that is shaped, pack, be finished product after sealing with the PEF woven bag.

Embodiment 2:

The plain edition nutritious grass: the detailed process of making the 100kg nutritious grass is:

1, selects materials: get selected corn stalk 120kg, high-quality straw 30kg, yellow careless 6kg of autumn, dehydrated vegetable leaf 1.2kg, corn flour 1kg, bean powder 0.5kg, sugared slag 3kg, bean dregs 5kg, stone flour 0.04kg, bone meal 0.05kg, salt 0.08kg, multivitamin nutrient liquid 20kg.Same on the 2-7 procedure.

Claims

1, a kind of nutritious grass is characterized in that: this nutritious grass is prepared from (consumption is a weight portion) by following proportion raw material:

Auxiliary material: corn flour 0.5-1, bean powder 0.3-0.5, stone flour 0.03-0.06, bone meal 0.03-0.05, poor slag 5-8, salt 0.05-0.09, multivitamin nutrient liquid.

2, a kind of preparation method of nutritious grass is characterized in that: the preparation process of this nutritious grass is:

(1), selects materials: select corn stalk, straw, the straw of moldy metamorphism, straw are screened away, remove root 8cm-12cm and can not use part, will carry out the index chemical examination to auxiliary material and detect.

(2), raw material processing: the major ingredient of choosing is pulverized by pulverizer respectively, pulverized density requirements, corn stalk 8-12mm, straw 30-40mm, yellow careless 20-30mm of autumn; Other auxiliary material except that multivitamin nutrient liquid is evenly stand-by according to the allotment of allotment ratio; Multivitamin nutrient liquid is proportionally deployed stand-by.

(3), wind send dedusting, assorted: the major ingredient after will pulverizing send dedusting by blower fan wind, and wherein ash content, impurity are separated, and the ash content in the maintenance forage grass is smaller or equal to 6.7.

(4), mix: major ingredient, auxiliary material, the multivitamin nutrient liquid that will screen after processing add in the mixer, stir, and mixing time can not be less than 15 minutes, by stirring the medium that will make straw, straw become nutrient solution and auxiliary material, adhere to evenly.

(5), the heat spray is expanded: it is expanded to carry out the heat spray in mixing grass (material) the adding heat painting machine after will stirring, built-in temperature will be controlled between 80-120 ℃, expanded time 10-15 minute, is removed by the harmful bacterium of high temperature puffing, the straw wooden structures is destroyed, and the nutrition cementation is more stable.

(6), briquetting packing: heat is sprayed nutritious grass after expanded, carry out briquetting, bagging and packaging by the briquetting baling press.

3, a kind of nutritious grass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: multivitamin nutrient liquid is to adopt cornstarch magma as base fluid, in base fluid, add following ingredients: rely base acid, methionine, cystine, aliphatic acid, acetate, propionic acid, butyric acid, VC, VB, VA, VD, VE contains in every hectogram base fluid: rely basic sour 0.005mg, methionine 0.002mg, cystine 0.0015mg, aliphatic acid 0.003mg, acetate 0.001mg, propionic acid 0.0015mg, butyric acid 0.002mg, VC 0.00015mg, VB 0.00013mg, VA 0.00011mg, VD 0.0001mg, VE 0.0001mg.

4, a kind of nutritious grass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the poor slag in the auxiliary material is meant vinasse, bean dregs, sugared slag.