CN1370252A - Multi-ply tissue having caliper, low density, absorbent layer - Google Patents

Multi-ply tissue having caliper, low density, absorbent layer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1370252A
CN1370252A CN00811756A CN00811756A CN1370252A CN 1370252 A CN1370252 A CN 1370252A CN 00811756 A CN00811756 A CN 00811756A CN 00811756 A CN00811756 A CN 00811756A CN 1370252 A CN1370252 A CN 1370252A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
paper
tissue paper
paper product
cellulose
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN00811756A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
凯文·温德尔·诺布尔斯
米切尔·伯纳德·杜加斯
马克·约翰·斯坦哈特
利娅·米切尔·巴登
克里斯廷·安·博伊尔
特里尔·艾伦·扬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Ltd filed Critical Procter and Gamble Ltd
Publication of CN1370252A publication Critical patent/CN1370252A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H1/00—Paper; Cardboard
    • D21H1/02—Multi-ply material finished plies
    • D21H1/04—Multi-ply material finished plies by using an adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/32—Multi-ply with materials applied between the sheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/38—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets having a fibrous composition differing from that of other sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/12—Pulp from non-woody plants or crops, e.g. cotton, flax, straw, bagasse

Abstract

A tissue product having a high caliper, low density, absorbent inner layer is provided. The high caliper, low density, absorbent inner layer can comprise passively bonded or actively bonded, hydrophilic fibers. The passively bonded, hydrophilic fibers can include natural fibers such as cotton and air blown pulp or synthetic fibers. The actively bonded hydrophilic fibers can comprise wet laid cellulose or nonwovens. The inner layer can have a caliper ranging from about 0.010 inches to about 0.030 inches and an apparent density of less than about 0.11 g/cm<3>.

Description

Multi-ply tissue with caliper, low-density, absorbent layer
Invention field
The present invention relates to tissue paper product, more specifically to tissue paper product with caliper (caliper), low-density, absorbability internal layer.
Background of invention
The cellulosic fibre structure is that the technical staff knows in the affiliated technical field as paper web.This type of paper web can be used for facial tissue, toilet paper, paper handkerchief, and napkin, their each comfortable present being extensive use of.If these their predictive roles of product performance also obtain extensively approval, then fibre structure should demonstrate the suitable character with regard to absorbability, bulkiness, intensity and pliability.
In addition, also wish to make this class paper web to have bigger ability to stop in use some fluid this paper web of flowing through.For example, for facial tissue, wish that it can stop passing through of body fluid in occasions such as sneezing, cough, have a running nose.These body fluid bring health hazard, and this is owing to the existence of bacterium, pathogenic bacteria or other pathogen.In case the pathogen of being carried by other drop of mucus, saliva or body fluid is by facial tissue, they are retained in the user on hand, thereby the mode of transmission is provided for pathogenic bacteria and possible disease.Pathogen transfers to from a people that another person is known frequently takes place on one's body when hand contacts with hand.In addition, it seems as many viral diseases are comprised that unique defensive measure of common cold is the prevention that they spread.
In order to prevent the fluid thin paper of in use flowing through, the user takes various indemnifying measures.For example, many users had known before using the thin paper folded in half or have once selected several thin papers, in order that strengthen absorbability and intensity, and provided improved iris action in case wetting their hand of fluid stopping body.Such practice can be enough to prevent that in use hand is wetted, yet they have increased the product consumption amount greatly.
In order to prevent the diffusion of pathogenic bacteria, bacterium and other pathogen, carried out attempting so that barrier layer to be provided in tissue paper product.For example, one or more layers thin paper can be with handling for holding back and be embedded the material that fluid drop designs.Yet this type of material can not constitute the complete barrier that stops fluid (especially can " penetrate " droplet of tissue paper easily, or the liquid of penetration type absorption) apace to pass through.So treated thin paper can not stop user's hand contaminated.
Be embedded the easy flexiplast of one or more layers waterproof between each layer that provides other trial of effective barrier layer to be included in facial tissue.For example, the US patent 5,196,244 that is issued to Beck instructed introduce at the interlayer of thin paper and fix extremely thin, easy flexible material (for example polyethylene) in place by embossing.Yet plastic film can reduce flexibility and in use increase the noise of thin paper.In addition, for the reason (for example, preventing accidental suffocating) of secure context, importantly thin paper keeps air or steam transmissibility to a certain extent.
Be issued to people's such as Lloyd US patent No.4,885,202 have instructed outside two between the tissue layers the tight meltblown fibers of overall thermal bonding to be used to increase the purposes of wet strength.Yet required hot adhesion can increase stiffness, influences the fold and the flexibility of tissue paper product unfriendly, and increases production cost.
Carried out attempting the absorbability fluff structures is provided in disposable absorptive bandage field, it can distribute the fluid that is absorbed, and is used as partitioning agent etc.The disposable absorptive bandage typically comprises baby diaper, adult's incontinence articles and sanitary napkin, and they accept filling with heavily using as a servant repeatedly of body fluid.This type of trial of the prior art is the common US patent No.4 that transfers the possession of, 141,772 (bulletins on February 27th, 1979) and 4,217,078 (bulletin on August 12nd, 1980), and the both licenses to Buell and is incorporated herein for reference.Buell ' 772 and Buell ' 078 have instructed and have comprised that 5 press the air lay formula paper web of material layer by layer, and this laminate has 2 air-flows shop mould layers, 2 tissue layers and center enhancement layer.This class formation, although it is be suitable for absorbability bandage and distributing fluids, infeasible for the present invention.The Buell structure has shown that being enhanced the clearly demarcated air-flow in separated two border of layer spreads the mould layer.This arrangement architecture, although be suitable for the disposable absorptive bandage, the product that obtains is too thick and too stiff, can't or bathe with thin paper etc. as facial tissue.In addition, the purposes of facial tissue is to catch and stop the spreading of body fluid-rather than this pseudo body fluid is distributed in the entire product to hold follow-up filling.
Therefore, be desirable to provide a kind of tissue paper product, this product provides enough absorption, pliability and hand protective effect, and does not need the consumer to take indemnifying measure.
Summary of the invention
Disclosed herein is the tissue paper product that comprises two outer layer of cellulose and an internal layer.This internal layer can be made up of the hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding (passively bonded) or active bonding (actively bondedc), and described fiber has formed high slide calliper rule thickness, low-density absorbent layer.The hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding can comprise natural fabric such as cotton and air blown paper pulp or synthetic fiber.Initiatively the hydrophilic fibre of bonding can comprise wet shop cellulose or synthetic nonwoven fabric.This internal layer can have about 0.010 inch to about 0.030 inch slide calliper rule thickness be lower than about 0.11g/cm 3Apparent density.
This tissue paper product can have about 0.026 inch to about 0.044 inch total slide calliper rule thickness, about 15g/g arrives the absorbability of about 30g/g, 20% to 99% compressibility and about 30% to about 99% percentage rebound degree.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view strength that has the paper web of impervious, the ventilative barrier layer of liquid according to of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is used to make that the liquid with barrier layer according to the present invention is impermeable, the schematic side elevation of the device of gas permeability paper web.
Fig. 3 is the plan view of the selective example of paper web of the present invention, illustrates on section top, has shown the gummed along at least two edges.
Fig. 4 is the curve map of typical case's output of bending stifiness test usefulness.
Fig. 5 is the linear regression analysis of bending stifiness output among Fig. 4.
Detailed description of the present invention
Definition
Following term used herein has to give a definition:
Substance (basis weight) is with lbs/3000 ft 2The weight of the unit are of the pattern product of (gram/square metre) report.
Slide calliper rule thickness is the macroscopic thickness of the sample of measurement as mentioned below.
Apparent density be the Substance of sample divided by slide calliper rule thickness, wherein introduce suitable unit conversion.The unit of apparent density used herein is gram/cubic centimetre (g/cm 3).
Machine direction (being appointed as MD) is the parallel direction of direction that flows through this product manufacturing device with fibre structure.
Laterally (be appointed as CD) and be in the same plane of tissue paper product direction perpendicular to machine direction.
Absorbability is that material use comprises the variety of way draw fluid of capillary, infiltration, solvent or chemical action and keeps the ability of this fluid.
Flexibility is not have breakage and sample itself to get back to or do not get back to the measuring of distortion of its original form under given load.
Fiber is a slender body, and its major axis is compared growing and have at least 4/1, preferred at least 10/1 draw ratio very with two normal axis.
Hydrophily is meant that material has affinity, can attract or absorb water.
" paper web " or " cellulose paper web " is meant paper web of the present invention, and it comprises at least one component layers of the hydrophilic fibre that contains passive bonding.For example, paper web of the present invention is included in the hydrophilic fibre of the passive bonding between the cellulose paper plies.
Term " layer " is meant that each paper web component and other layer to adjoin applying basically, concern face-to-face and to put, have formed multi-layer web of the present invention.Can expect that also single paper web component can be for example by folding two " layer " that form effectively itself.So cellulose layer itself is folding, the passive bonding of insertion, hydrophilic cellulosic layer can form the three-ply paper width of cloth of the present invention effectively between two folded portions.Similarly, component layers itself is folding, but does not insert any additional layer between folded part, can form two-layer paper web effectively.
Term " liquid " mainly refers to body fluid, as water, and mucus, saliva, blood and other body fluid, but also can comprise other liquid." liquid " is meant fluid liquid, and is opposite with gaseous state or steam-like fluid.Some body fluid such as mucus have very high viscosity, but think still that for purpose of the present invention it is a liquid.
Employed " passive bonding " is meant during associative key between relevant fiber and fiber, in the bonding relation that is not having in the presence of some external media such as hydrogen molecule key or the adhesive bond, allows fiber to slide with respect to another when being subjected to external force to do the time spent.According to this definition, comprise passive bonding fiber the layer TENSILE STRENGTH typically be lower than about 130g.Passive bonding generally is very slight, and the natural affinity that has kept in touch after having represented material in a single day to contact with each other to place.For example, passive bonding is owing to intrinsic electrostatic charge or cohesive force.Passive bonding can also be meant when two layers of material and contact with each other, and makes existing cementation when material fits on another in interior poly-mode.
Employed when the associative key of relevant fiber between fiber " initiatively bonding " is meant, uses reagent such as adhesive or latex, the bonding relation of utilizing external media such as hydrogen bond or adhesive key to realize.According to this definition, comprise that initiatively the TENSILE STRENGTH of the layer of the fiber of bonding is typically greater than about 130g.Initiatively boning when involving interlaminar bonding also to comprise adhesive key and heat or ultrasonic bonding, embossing, pin seam (embroidery) and other mechanical engagement mode.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes tissue paper product 10, it is facial tissue in a preferred embodiment.Tissue paper product 10 comprises being arranged between the plain paper webs 30 of at least two outer layer fibers and with two skins and adjoins at least one high slide calliper rule thickness, low-density, the absorbability internal layer 20 of applying.High slide calliper rule thickness, low-density, absorbability internal layer 20 can comprise passive bonding or the hydrophilic fibre that initiatively bonds.The hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding can comprise natural fabric such as cotton and air blown paper pulp and by handling to obtain the bi-component synthetic fiber that hydrophilic polyethylene and polypropylene are formed with surfactant.Initiatively the fiber of bonding can comprise wet shop cellulose or synthetic nonwoven fabric.
Described embodiment comprises three layers, and such embodiment is not restrictive.In practice, wish to form the multi-ply tissue product, it is included between the cellulose paper web and puts and adjoin the various combinations of the caliper of applying, low-density, absorbent layer.Such various combination also is taken into account and thinks within the scope of the invention.
Benefit of the present invention comprises provides a kind of tissue paper product with the ability that absorbs via internal layer, makes the consumer can not run into the wetting situation of hand when using product and does not need indemnifying measure as folding or use multi-ply tissue.As a result, tissue paper product of the present invention can provide with less size, and the serviceability of the full-scale goods of standard is provided simultaneously.For example, as facial tissue, this standardized products size is about 72.6 inches 2The size of tissue paper product of the present invention is at about 15 inches 2Lower limit or about 40 inches 2Be limited to about 200 inches down 2The upper limit or about 60 inches 2The upper limit.In one embodiment, the size of this tissue paper product is about 49.5 inches 2
Benefit of the present invention is not limited to the facial tissue embodiment.For example, bathe and use thin paper, be commonly referred to toilet paper, also can be benefited from the attribute of caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer.Soft, flexible, absorbability bathe with thin paper can avoid in use or after using the unhappiness of wetting finger or hand experience.And paper web of the present invention can be used as paper handkerchief, napkin etc.
Tissue paper product 10 can be used as a piece of paper preparation to use thin paper as facial tissue, napkin, paper handkerchief or bath, and this depends on the type of the paper that is used for the cellulose paper web.Many paper webs 10 also can be provided on the reel, have perforation to determine each paper web section, and wherein each section can extract and use, and resemble and are generally used for bath the such of thin paper (for example, toilet paper).If prepare with thin paper as bathing, it is preferred using method that reel distributes, and paper, as what see in commercial successful CHARMIN  board tissue paper, can be used as cellulose paper plies.Yet in a preferred embodiment, many paper webs 10 can cut, folding and optional being inserted in the folded facial tissue that is suitable for extracting from container such as box or pipe.In this embodiment, paper is for example seen in commercial successful PUFFS  board facial tissue, can be used as this cellulose paper plies.CHARMIN  tissue paper and PUFFS  facial tissue both are by US P﹠G Company (the TheProcter ﹠amp of the city of Cincinnati, the applicant Ohio; Gamble Co.) sells.
The cellulose paper web
Cellulose paper web 30 can be the wadding width of cloth of mainly being made up of the cellulose family paper fibre.Paper web can have a Substance scope, and wherein the lower limit of this scope is about 10 gram/square metre (gsm or g/m 2)/every layer, about 13g/m 2/ every layer, or about 15g/m 2/ every layer.The upper limit of Substance scope can be about 100g/m 2/ layer, about 40g/m 2/ layer, or about 25g/m 2/ layer.This cellulose paper web 30 can be suitable as the tissue web of the crape of facial tissue or senior facial tissue, no crape or wet micro.Usually, use the paper web 30 that is equal to, promptly at Substance, thickness, composition and other paper web that is equal to basically in nature.Yet, can expect having paper web of different nature by use and obtain some benefit.For example, component paper web 30 can be different in nature at Substance, thickness, composition or other, as long as a side of paper web has more smooth surface and a side has more coarse surface.
Cellulose paper web 30 of the present invention can be by being used for facial tissue, toilet paper, paper handkerchief or napkin in production the prior art field of tissue paper in known commonsense method make.Yet cellulose paper web 30 of the present invention can be made by air-dry method by using figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle (patternedresinous papermaking belt).Figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle can comprise two key components: skeleton and enhancing structure.This skeleton can comprise the cure polymer photosensitive resin.
A surface of the cellulose paper web 30 that a surface contact of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle is carried thereon, for example first surface 31.In paper-making process, this surface of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle can be imprinted on the pattern corresponding with the pattern of skeleton on the first surface 31 of cellulose paper web 30.
The figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle that is suitable for making the preferred embodiments of the invention product can be made according in the following US patent of common transfer any one: on April 30th, 4,514,345,1985 bulletin, people such as Johnson; On July 9th, 4,528,239,1985 was announced, Trokhan; On March 24th, 5,098,522,1992 was announced; On November 9th, 5,260,171,1993 was announced, people such as Smurkoski; On January 4th, 5,275,700,1994 was announced, Trokhan; On July 12nd, 5,328,565,1994 was announced, people such as Rasch; On August 2nd, 5,334,289,1994 was announced, people such as Trokhan; 5,431,786, July 11 nineteen ninety-five, people such as Rasch; On March 5th, 5,496,624,1996 was announced, Stelljes, people such as Jr.; On March 19th, 5,500,277,1996, people such as Trokhan; On May 7th, 5,514,523,1996 was announced, people such as Trokhan; On September 10th, 5,554,467,1996 was announced, people such as Trokhan; On October 22nd, 5,566,724,1996, people such as Trokhan; On April 29th, 5,624,790,1997, people such as Trokhan; With 5,628, on May 13rd, 876,1997, people such as Ayers; It is for reference that their disclosure is introduced into this paper.
Cellulose paper web 30 of the present invention can have two main zones.First zone comprises imprinting area, and it is to abut on the skeleton of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle to impress.Imprinting area preferably includes continuous basically network.First regional contiguous network of cellulose paper web 30 be on the basic skeleton continuously of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle, form and generally corresponding on the geometry with it and in paper-making process position and its very closely arrange.
The second area of cellulose paper web 30 can comprise many cimas that are dispersed on the impression network area.This cima usually on the geometry and in paper-making process on the position, corresponding to the intrafascicular deflection conduit of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip.By being consistent with the deflection conduit in paper-making process, this cima is protruding from the continuous basically network area of paper.By keeping complying with consistent with the deflection conduit in paper-making process, the fiber in cima is in the face of the paper on the surface of skeleton with deflection on Z-direction between in the face of the paper on the surface that strengthens structure.Preferred these cimas disperse.
Can make according in the middle of the US patent of common transfer any one according to cellulose paper web 30 of the present invention: on July 16th, 4,529,480,1985, Trokhan; On January 20th, 4,637,859,1987, Trokhan; On November 15th, 5,364,504,1994, people such as Smurkoski; With 5,529, on June 25th, 664,1996, people such as Trokhan.This cellulose paper web can have some lotion or the emollient that is added, for example according in the common following US patent of transferring the possession of any one: on November 6th, 4,481,243,1984 bulletin, Allen; With 4,513, on April 23rd, 051,1985, Lavash.It is for reference that the disclosure of all above-mentioned patents is introduced into this paper.
If desired, this cellulose paper web 30 can carry out drying and not have to form on the thorough air-dry band bundle of pattern skeleton.That this type of cellulose paper web 30 can have is discrete, highdensity zone and continuous basically low-density network.In dry run or after the drying, this cellulose paper web 30 can be accepted different applications of vacuum with the slide calliper rule thickness that improves it with make institute's favored area desensitization (desensify).This type of paper with relevant band bundle, can be made according to following patent: on January 31st, 3,301,746,1967, people such as Sanford; On September 16th, 3,905,863,1975, Ayers; On August 10th, 3,974,025,1976, Ayers; On March 4th, 4,191,609,1980, Trokhan; On December 16th, 4,239,065,1980, Trokhan; On November 22nd, 5,366,785,1994, Sawdai; With 5,520, on May 28th, 778,1996, Sawdai, it is for reference that their disclosure is introduced into this paper.
This enhancing structure can be a felt, is also referred to as press felt, and it is not having to be used for common papermaking under the thoroughly air-dry situation.Such according to the instruction in following these common US patents of transferring the possession of, the skeleton of figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle can be applied to felt and strengthen structure: on September 17th, 5,556,509,1996, people such as Trokhan; On December 3rd, 5,580,423,1996, people such as Ampulski; On March 11st, 5,609,725,1997, Phan; On May 13rd, 5,629,052,1997, people such as Trokhan; On June 10th, 5,637,194,1997, people and 5,674 such as Ampulski, on October 7th, 663,1997, people such as McFarland, it is for reference that their disclosure is introduced into this paper.
Cellulose paper web 30 optional perspectives of the present invention are shunk (foreshorten), and this is well known in the prior art.Perspective shrink can by from rigid surface and preferably from the cylinder wrinkling this cellulose paper web 30 realize.Young (Yankee) drying drum generally is used for this purpose.Wrinkling is to realize with the scraper of knowing in the prior art.Wrinklingly can (on April 24th, 1992, realize that Sawdai) its disclosure is incorporated herein for reference according to the US patent 4,919,756 of common transfer.In addition or in addition, perspective is shunk and can be realized that via wet micro method it is for reference that its disclosure is introduced into this paper according to the instruction in the common US patent of transferring the possession of 4,440,597 (on April 3rd, 1984, people such as Wells).
Caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer
Except the diffusion of the fluid drop that prevents from simply to wave in the air, paper web of the present invention be used in equally with relevant action such as sneeze, have a running nose in keep user's hand to be drying regime.For example, sneeze or have a running nose back wiping and clean and usually to allow user's finger or hand be hygrometric state.As a result, the user is usually with individual thin paper folded in half or once use several thin papers, in order that prevent wetted.It is undesirable so wetting that caliper of the present invention, low-density, absorbability internal layer can prevent that the user from experiencing, and need not to fold or once use a plurality of thin papers.High slide calliper rule thickness, low-density, absorbability internal layer 20 can comprise passive bonding or the hydrophilic fibre that initiatively bonds.
The hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding comprises the cotton-wool that has been made into the nonwoven paper web, makes it to be used for paper-making process as coiled strip.In addition, the hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding can comprise that natural fabric such as cotton fiber or air blown paper pulp or synthetic fiber are for example by the bicomponent fiber of handling with surfactant to provide hydrophilic polyethylene and polypropylene to form.These type of natural or synthetic fiber can utilize the air-flow manufacturing process to be introduced between the outer layer of cellulose.In the air-flow forming process, it is online that first paper web is laid down on ventilative forming wire.This moulding gauze and paper web are by vacuum zone, and dried cotton or paper pulp fiber are transported in the moving air system and on first paper web and vacuumize in this section.This moulding gauze, first paper web and dried fibres leafing are opened vacuum zone, cover with second paper web then.
Initiatively the hydrophilic fibre of bonding can comprise wet shop cellulose paper web and nonwoven fabric.Provide the wet shop cellulose paper web of caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer to make by foregoing thorough air-dry method by using figuratum paper grade (stock) resin strip bundle.Provide the wet shop paper web of caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer can comprise the cellulosic structure of individual or many laminations, each lamination has three or more discernible zones, these zones differ from one another on intensity property (intensive properties), as at US patent No.5,843, instruct among 279 (on December 1st, 1998, the people such as Phan), it is for reference that it is introduced into this paper.The intensity property that is used to discern and distinguish the zones of different of fibre structure is a Substance, thickness, density and the average pore size of stretching out.
When caliper, low-density, when absorbability internal layer 20 comprises cotton-wool, cellulose paper web or nonwoven fabric, this internal layer 20 can utilize at the merging device 200 shown in Fig. 2 and be processed into tissue paper product 10.In the configuration therein, cellulose paper web 30 can pull out from reel 230, and caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer 20 can pull out from reel 240.This internal layer 20 and cellulose paper web layer 30 can be merged into paper web 10 of the present invention by this press bonding roller 250 by traction, and this press bonding roller allows each component layers closely contact, and can compress this component layers, obtain passive bonding between them.
The multi-ply tissue product
The outer layer of cellulose of multi-ply tissue product of the present invention can be by passive with this outer layer of cellulose or initiatively be bonded on the opposite side of inner caliper, low-density internal layer and form.The passive bonding strength that provides relatively little between each layer that is bonded in keeps together each layer for normal use.When as thin paper that folds and pile up and core winding fabric, tissue paper product 10 of the present invention demonstrates enough layer and interlaminar bonding intensity, ties with the unsticking that is not intended to that prevents each layer.Do not think bound by theoryly, can believe that the passive bonding between each layer is owing to the electrostatic charge that exists in material, and because the relative humidity level and more or less changing for example of the other factors in each layer component.Simultaneously, there is slight active bonding in the exposed fiber owing to internal layer 20 with the mechanical bond that contacts fiber of cellulose paper web 30.This mechanical bond can be similar to " hook and the collar " securing member, and wherein the bonding relation is enhanced by the interlock of the negative and positive section of composition component.
Each layer of tissue paper product 10 of the present invention can be by above disclosed method, and the device with reference to shown in the figure 2 carries out passive bonding.Yet, if desired, it is contemplated that with a certain amount of adhesive or other initiatively bonding material add so that provide additional adhesive effect for the various piece of each component layers.For example, pin seam, embossing, or other heat or mechanical bond means can be used at some edges of paper web 30 or all on the edge with paper web 30 bonding initiatively, thereby the resistance of increase is provided for the undesirable leafing of component layers.
Engage also and can pass through at US patent No.4, disclosed ultrasonic bonding or spontaneous bonding or other adhesive method known in the prior art are realized among 919,738 (April 24 nineteen ninety, the people such as Ball).For example, if the edge of the edge of this internal layer or these internal layers and external paper layer extends in the same way, then the adhesive key does not provide initiatively bonding, and this depends on the energy characteristic of employed adhesive and internal layer.In this case, mechanical bond is more wished, for example carries out mechanical bond after the formation of multi-layer web on the mechanical bond station.Fig. 2 has shown mechanical bond station 270, and it can be knurling rolls, ultrasonic unit, pin seam device or other non-adhesive method of the binder.
As shown in Figure 3, tissue paper product 10 of the present invention can and comprise as caliper, low-density, the absorbability internal layer 20 of above disclosed cotton-wool, cotton fiber or air blown paper pulp and forming that wherein this internal layer has the width dimensions W1 littler than the width dimensions W2 of outer layer of cellulose by two outer layer of cellulose 30.By placing the internal layer with less width dimensions W1 between two skins, two outer layer of cellulose can be in the combination of the edge of bonded areas 25, as utilizes the bar that is coated with of adhesive.Engage or bonding, can be by adhesive be coated with bar, the discontinuous bar such as the adhesive point of application of being coated with of adhesive continuously, or according to the US patent No.5 of common transfer, the instruction of 143,776 (being issued to Givens) realizes that it is for reference that the disclosure of this patent is introduced into this paper.In one embodiment, adhesive can be coated with machine 260 two relative longitudinal edges on the machine direction by seal and apply adhesive, as shown in Figure 2.It can be roll coater that seal is coated with machine 260, and as gravure roll, it can be a sprayer, or other adhesive application device well known in the prior art.
In addition, caliper, low-density absorbability internal layer can have the surface area littler than two skins, make two skins along the edge combination that constitutes the circumference that surrounds this internal layer.At present, this periphery can occupy below 30% of whole surface area of tissue paper product; Preferred this periphery can occupy below 20% of total surface area; More preferably this periphery can occupy below 10% of total surface area.
Although Fig. 3 has illustrated that caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer have the width dimensions littler than skin, but it should be understood that, other two dimensional configurations is possible, and unique restrictive condition is outer in some part, as combination on one or more edges.In order to process economy, it is contemplated that preferred configuration is described such, is about to width dimensions (corresponding to the lateral dimension of machine direction) and makes forr a short time.By this way, initiatively bond (as adhesive, machinery, spontaneous etc.) can in the continuous webs of paper process, on length dimension (corresponding to machine direction), carry out continuously.
Material character
Tissue paper product such as Disposable tower, toilet paper, facial tissue, napkin paper and hygenic towelette have showed various physical propertys, and they comprise Substance and apparent density, and both define in front.Substance and apparent density relate to the bulkiness of tissue paper product, and it makes the consumer believe that hand still keeps dry after using, and need not to adopt indemnifying measure.For the present invention, whole tissue paper product can have about 20lbs/3000ft 2(33g/m 2) to about 80 lbs/3000ft 2(130g/m 2) Substance, and the basis weight of this caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer can be 8lbs/3000ft 2(13g/m 2) to about 16lbs/3000ft 2(26g/m 2).More preferably, this tissue paper product can have about 30lbs/3000ft 2(49g/m 2) Substance, and this caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer can have about 12lbs/3000ft 2(20g/m 2) basis weight.And tissue paper product of the present invention can have an apparent density scope, and this lower limit is about 0.04g/cm 3Or about 0.06g/cm 3Similarly, this apparent density scope can have about 0.12g/cm 3Or about 0.08g/cm 3The upper limit.In one embodiment, tissue paper product of the present invention has about 0.07g/cm 3Apparent density.In addition, this caliper of tissue paper product, low-density, absorbability internal layer can have and be lower than about 0.11g/cm 3Or be lower than about 0.06g/cm 3Apparent density.
For the present invention, this tissue paper product can have about 0.026 inch to about 0.044 inch slide calliper rule thickness, this is mainly owing to this caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer, it can be entire product slide calliper rule thickness 50% or 66%.The slide calliper rule thickness of caliper, low-density, absorbability internal layer can have about 0.010 inch, or about 0.014 inch lower limit.In addition, the slide calliper rule thickness range of internal layer can have about 0.030 inch upper limit or about 0.24 inch upper limit.
Pliability has been described as the attribute of perception on the physiology, and it is generally measured by expert or non-expert's Appraisal Mission.The pliability of perception can be divided into two components: volume pliability (bulksoftness) and soft surface degree.The soft surface degree is relevant with smoothness with surface texture (surface texture), and volume pliability and mechanical performance such as compressibility and resilience and pliability are relevant.Compressibility is measuring in the ability of the following product minimizing volume of exerting pressure.Rebound degree is the ability that product recovers its size and dimension after distortion.Pliability is relevant with sheet material hardness.
Tissue paper product of the present invention can have the compression ratio scope of measuring by described method hereinafter, and this scope has about 20% lower limit or about 40% lower limit.The upper limit of compression ratio can be about 99%, and is about 70%, or about 43%.
The rebound degree of tissue paper product of the present invention is to measure according to the ability that it recovers from compressive state.The method that is used to measure the tissue paper product response rate is to measure according to percentage resilience hereinafter described.For the present invention, this tissue paper product can have a such percentage resilience scope, and its lower limit is about 30%, or about 65%.The upper limit of percentage resilience scope can be about 99% or about 85%.
The highly-flexible degree needs pliability.Pliability is the function of hardness, and it is the measuring of bending stifiness of material.For the present invention, the hardness of tissue paper product is measured on CD and MD direction.The method that is used to measure hardness is described as follows.For the present invention, this tissue paper product can have about 0.018gf*cm 2/ cm is to about 0.373gf*cm 2The CD hardness of/cm and about 0.008gf*cm 2/ cm is to about 0.235gf*cm 2The MD hardness of/cm.
Product such as Disposable tower, toilet paper, facial tissue, napkin and hygenic towelette need the absorbability of certain level.Here, absorbability is meant absorptive capacity, and the latter is absorbed by this structure and the measuring of the amount of the distilled water that keeps.The hydrophilic fibre of caliper of the present invention, low-density, absorbability internal layer has promoted the capillarity and the corresponding absorptivity of tissue paper product.The method that is used to measure the absorptivity of tissue paper product is described as follows.For the present invention, tissue paper product has an absorptivity scope, and the lower limit of this scope is about 15g Water/ g Dry structureOr about 19g Water/ g Dry structureThe upper limit of absorptivity scope is about 30g Water/ g Dry structure, or about 25g Water/ g Dry structure
Analytical method
(a) sample conditioning and preparation:
Before test, sample is being nursed one's health under the relative humidity of 48%-50% and in 22 ℃-24 ℃ temperature range, until obtain by TGA (thermogravimetry) measure about 5% till the moisture of about 16% (weight).Use the Hi-res.TGA2950 thermogravimetric apparatus of TA Instruments company to carry out thermogravimetry.The sample weighing of about 20mg is joined on the TGA dish.According to the indication of manufacturer, sample and dish are inserted in the device, temperature is increased to 250 ℃ with 10 ℃/minute speed then.% moisture in operating weight loss and the following working sample of initial weight:
Figure A0081175600151
Wherein total weight is in milligram.
(b) Substance
Stacked body from 8 layers of the sample preparations of preconditioned.8 layers stacked bodies are cut into 4 inches * 4 inches square.Punch die (rule die) with Acme Steel Rule Die Corp. (5 Stevens St.WaterburyConn., 06714) realizes that this cuts.
For the actual measurement of example weight, use the top-loading balance of minimum resolution with 0.01g.8 layers stacked body is placed in the dish of top-loading balance.Use screen to prevent that balance is subjected to the influence of air-flow and other interference.After the change of the reading on the balance is stable, record weight.Weight is in g.
This weight readings value is divided by the tested number of plies.Also divided by the area of sample, it normally is 16 square inches to this weight readings, approximates 0.0103 square metre greatly.
The linear module of used here Substance is a gram/rice 2This is to use 0.0103 square metre already pointed out to calculate.
(c) slide calliper rule thickness
The size that the sample of preconditioned is cut into is greater than the size of the pedestal that is used to measure slide calliper rule thickness (foot).Employed pedestal is the disk with area of 3.14 square inches.
Be placed on sample on the one level levelling surface and be clipped in this flat surface and have between the load pedestal on horizontal load surface, wherein the loadmeter mask of load pedestal has about 3.14 square inches circular surface area and sample is applied about 15g/cm 2Confining pressure (0.21psi).This slide calliper rule thickness is between the load surface of this flat surface and load pedestal formed slit (width).Such measurement can obtain on the VIRElectronic Thickness Tester Model II that Philadelphia, Pa buy by Thwing-Albert.This slide calliper rule gauge measurement is carried out repeatedly and is write down at least 5 times.This result reports with millimeter.
From the summation of the reading of slide calliper rule thickness test data sheet number divided by the reading that is write down.This result reports with millimeter (mm).
(d) compressibility
Make the air line distance of removable plane by the stacked body that allows the stacked body of 8 samples of tissue paper product bear given pressure and to observe, measure compressibility from the parallel surface displacement by sample.For the stacked body of 8 samples of tissue paper product of the present invention, the air line distance of displacement is at least about 0.080 inch.Measure compressibility by following formula by the percentage compression ratio:
Wherein:
The original thickness (@0.05psi of 8 samples of T1=tissue paper product)
The compressed thickness (@1psi of 8 samples of T2=tissue paper product)
With
T1-T2 〉=0.080 inch
(e) rebound degree
For the present invention, the rebound degree of tissue paper product is to measure from the ability of compressive state resilience or recovery according to it.Make removable plane from the air line distance of parallel surface displacement with after the given time interval and the air line distance of being recovered after removing pressure by tissue paper product by observing under the pressure of regulation, measure mean pressure shrinkage and rebound degree.This rebound degree is measured by following formula:
Percentage resilience=T3/T1 * 100
Wherein:
The original thickness (@0.05 psi of 8 samples of T1=tissue paper product).
The answer thickness (@0.05psi of 8 samples of T3=tissue paper product).Measure the cyclic test of percentage compression ratio and percentage resilience:
Sample is cut into 4 " * 4 ".The stacked body of 8 samples is used for each test.Then sample is placed on the flat surface.The elemental height of stacked body uses the digital linear meter to measure.Pedestal on the digital linear meter has 1.56 " the diameter and the 40g that weighs, cause the pressure of 0.05psi on stacked body.Go up the weight of placing loading 863g at pneumatics platform (pneumatic platform), this weight has produced the pressure of 1psi in the time of on being placed on sample.The height of measuring samples when not having load, load applies 1 second, removes then.In whole test, measure the height of stacked body.Based on measured stacked body height, the formula that % compression and % resilience provide more than can using calculates.
(f) hardness
Measure the equipment of hardness:
Use KES-FB2 Pure Bending Tester to measure bending stifiness, measure the hardness of tissue paper product.Pure Bending Tester is the instrument in the KES-FB series of Kawabata evaluation system.This device is designed to measure the basic mechanical performance of fabric, bondedfibre fabric, paper and other film material, and can buy from Kato Tekko Co.Ltd. (Tokyo).
Bending property is important and is one of methods availalbe of measuring stiffness for assessment enhancing structure.The cantilevered method once was used to measure these performances in the past.The KES-FB2 test instrument is the instrument that is used for the pure bending test.Different with the cantilevered method, this instrument has specific function.Whole tissue paper product sample is accurately crooked in the circular arc of constant radius, and angle of bend changes continuously.
Measure the method for hardness:
The tissue paper product sample is cut into respectively at machine direction and transversely about 15.2 * 20.3cm.The anchor clamps that each sample is put into KES-FB2 successively cause sample at first crooked, make first surface be subjected to the tension force effect and second surface is compressed effect.In the orientation of KES-FB2, first surface faces the right and second surface is faced the left side.Distance between preceding mobile folder and back geometrical clamp is 1cm.In the following manner sample is fixed in the instrument.
At first, preceding mobile chuck and back fixedly chuck open with the reception sample.Sample is inserted in the top of anchor clamps and the centre position between the bottom.Thumb screw tightens equably until sample is clamped by inciting somebody to action up and down then, but is unlikely till the tension, seals fixedly chuck of this back.Anchor clamps on preceding fixedly chuck are sealing in a similar manner then.Regulate the perpendicularity of sample in chuck, front jig is tightened up to guarantee that sample is by clamping reliably then.Distance (d) between preceding chuck and back chuck is 1cm.
The output of instrument is load transducer (load cell) voltage (Vy) and crooked (curvature) voltage (Vx).In such a way load transducer voltage is scaled bending moment (M) for sample width nominalization:
Moment (M, gf *Cm 2/ cm)=(Vy *Sy *D)/W
Wherein Vy is a load transducer voltage,
Sy is the instrument susceptibility, gf *Cm/V,
D is the distance between the chuck,
With W be the sample width (centimetre).
The sensitivity switch of instrument is set in 5 * 1.Use this setup parameter, come calibration instrument by two 50 grammes per square metre things.Each weight hangs from line.This line is wound onto the back fixedly on the rod on the bottom of chuck and be hooked in from the extended pin in the front and back at axle center.Weight the end of a thread is wound onto on the previous pin and is hooked on the back pin.Another weight the end of a thread be wound onto the axle back pin on and be hooked in before the pin on.Two pulleys are fixed on the instrument with the left side on the right.The top and the centrepin of pulley present level.Two weights all are suspended on the pulley (on the left side and one on the right) simultaneously.Full scale voltage is set at 10V.The radius of central shaft is 0.5cm.Therefore, the full scale sensitivity of axis of torque (Sy) is 100gf*0.5cm/10V (5gf*cm/V).
Reach 1.0cm by starting to measure motor and work as indicating dial -1The power output that Shi Shougong chuck out of service is calibrated bending axis.Output voltage (Vx) is adjusted to 0.5 volt.The sensitivity of bending axis (Sx) is 2/ (* centimetre of volt).Obtain curvature (K) in the following manner:
Curvature (K, cm -1)=Sx *Vx
Wherein Sx is the sensitivity of bending axis
With Vx be output voltage
In order to measure bending stifiness, mobile chuck is with 0.5cm -1The speed of/sec is from 0cm -1To+1cm -1To-1cm -1To 0cm -1Curvature circulate.Each sample circulates continuously, till obtaining four complete cycles.The output voltage of instrument is by using personal computer with the number format record.Typical case's output of bending stifiness test is shown among Fig. 4.Beginning in test does not have tension force on sample.After on-test, load transducer begins to bear load when sample is crooked.When the top initial rotation when the bottom is observed by instrument is a clockwise direction.
To front curve the time, first surface of fabric is described to be under the tension force and second surface is in confined state.Load continues to increase, and reaches approximately+1cm until bending curvature -1Till (this is to front curve (FB), as shown in Figure 4).Approximately+1cm -1Down, direction of rotation reverses and comes.In Recovery Process, the load transducer reading reduces.This is to reply (FR) to front curve.When rotating chuck has begun bending by 0 the time in the opposite direction, i.e. sheet material side compression now and non-sheet material side are expanded.Crooked (BB) is extended down to approximately-1cm backward -1, direction of rotation reversed and came and obtained bending backward to reply (BR) this moment.
Referring to Fig. 5, analyze these data in the following manner.For replying (FR) about 0.2 and 0.7cm to front curve (FB) with to front curve -1Between obtained the linear regression lines.For crooked (BB) backward and crooked backward reply (BR) approximately-0.2 with-0.7cm -1Between obtain the linear regression lines.Straight slope is bending stifiness (B).Its unit is gf*cm 2/ cm.
This is that each circulation in four circulations is obtained in four sections each.The slope of each straight line is to report as bending stifiness (B).Its unit is gf*cm 2/ cm.Prone bending stifiness is as the BFB record.Each segment value of four circulations averages out and reports as average BFB, BFR, BBF, BBR.Two independent samples are tested on MD and CD.The value of two samples is averaged together.MD and CD value be report separately.This value is reported in the table 2.
Table 2: bending stifiness (hardness) value
Bending stifiness (gf *cm 2/cm)
Sample MD/CD AVG BFB AVG BFR AVG BBF AVG BBR AVG AVG
Puffs?SS ?MD -.003 .014 .008 .001 .008
Puffs?Basic ?CD .024 .028 .017 .007 .018
Puffs?AES ?MD .049 .055 .025 .040 .042
Puffs?AES ?CD .033 .038 .017 .025 .028
Code?10 ?MD .092 .104 .074 .084 .088
Code?10 ?CD .143 .134 .107 .121 .126
Code?13 ?MD .239 .275 .227 .200 .235
Code?13 ?CD .380 .413 .376 .321 .373
Air?Laid Pulp ?MD .067 .067 .055 .052 .060
Air?Laid Pulp ?CD .072 .071 .061 .047 .063
Cotton ?MD .090 .099 .079 .068 .084
Cotton ?CD .123 .118 .117 .093 .169
Four cellulose layer Air Laid Pulp-that Puffs SS-uses two outer layer of cellulose@400psiCode 13-of the cellulose internal layer with calendering that thorough air-dry method makes to use thorough air-dry method to make as Puffs Advanced Extra Strength product sold Code 10-as Puffs Soft and Strong product sold Puffs AES-at present at present use that commonsense methods make has air lay dry pulp fiber cotton-wool to be arranged as two outer layer of cellulose in intermediate layer as what two outer layer of cellulose Cotton-in intermediate layer used that commonsense methods make
(g) absorbability
By using the special designed system of water absorbability (being speed and capacity) to measure the absorbability of tissue paper product for the measurement tissue paper product.Water being absorbed core sucting action in the sample of tissue paper product increases (weight) according to water absorption and measures over time.
This experimental measurement paper product, the specifically absorption rate and the capacity of paper handkerchief, facial tissue, toilet paper and napkin product.Downcut the circle of 3 inch diameters from the center of test products.Sample is placed in the lax knitmesh (open weave net) of hanging from top-loading balance.Allow the center of sample contact the water source, water is wicked in the sample then.The wicking of water is performed until the time that presets.Measured in time by the water of absorption of sample (increase of weight).This test has obtained the absorption rate (g/sec) of sample and the absorptive capacity of sample (g fluid/g sample).
Collect data point (being weight and time) and pass through computer program analysis.For these data points each, carry out following calculating (all units are g):
Figure A0081175600211
This computer program is for each data point double counting.In these data points each is to average together and as g Water/ g Dry structureReport (gram water/gram sample dry weight).
Although illustrated and described specific embodiments of the present invention, for the technical staff in the technical field, it is evident that, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can do various other variations and modification.Hope covers all these variation and modifications within the scope of the present invention in claims.

Claims (10)

1. comprise two outer layer of cellulose and be clipped in the tissue paper product of two internal layers between the skin, this internal layer comprises the hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding.
2. comprise two outer layer of cellulose and be clipped in the tissue paper product of two internal layers between the skin, this internal layer comprises cotton.
3. comprise two outer layer of cellulose and comprise the tissue paper product of internal layer of the hydrophilic fibre of passive bonding that this internal layer has and is lower than about 0.11 gram per centimeter 3Apparent density and about 0.017 inch to about 0.028 inch slide calliper rule thickness.
4. the tissue paper product that has the compression ratio of 20%-about 99%, this tissue paper product comprise two outer layer of cellulose and comprise the initiatively internal layer of the hydrophilic fibre of bonding, and this internal layer has and is lower than about 0.11 gram per centimeter 3Apparent density and about 0.017 inch to about 0.028 inch slide calliper rule thickness.
5. the tissue paper product of claim 1, wherein compression ratio is about 20% to about 99%.
6. the tissue paper product of claim 1 has about 30% to about 99% percentage resilience.
7. the tissue paper product of claim 1, wherein surface area is lower than about 70 inches 2
8. the tissue paper product with a total slide calliper rule thickness of claim 1, wherein total slide calliper rule thickness is about 0.026 inch to about 0.044 inch.
9. the tissue paper product of claim 3, wherein compression ratio is about 20% to about 99%.
10. the tissue paper product of claim 4, wherein the percentage resilience is about 30% to about 99%.
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