CN1367159A

CN1367159A - Rare earth modified multicomponent mixed fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN1367159A
Application number: CN 01103276
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕庆淮
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-01-20
Filing date: 2001-01-20
Publication date: 2002-09-04

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new compound mixed fertilizer and its production method. Said ivnention utilizes the phosphogypsum which possesses the function of regulating soil and the humic acid in peat, which is an excellent soil improving agent and plant growth stimulative as main raw materials, and mixes them with urea, ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate (or potassium chloride), and mixes them with humic acid-modified rare earth microfertilizer, and mixes them and makes them undergo the process of granulation and drying so as to obtain the invented rare earth-modified multi-component compound mixed fertilizer which can effectively raise yield of crops and can improve quality of crop products.

Description

Rare earth modified multicomponent mixed fertilizer

Soil fertility is the principal element that influences the agriculture production sustainable development.Keep agriculture production to stablize sustainable development, at first will increase soil nutrient content, coordinate nutrient and form, improve the soil nutrient condition, improve constantly soil fertility.

Current, world Fertilizer is produced and is entered a new phase, and efficient multi-element composite fertilizer or compound fertilizer are replacing the fertilizer variety of single lower concentration in the past.Release and release control fertilizer has become the developing direction of world today's chemical fertilizer industry, and rare earth fertilizer, bio-feritlizer are just becoming fertilizer variety of new generation and impacting fertilizer variety in the past.

In recent years, domesticly humic acids is applied to chemical fertilizer industry, produces the complex fertilizer product that contains humic acids and yellow humic acid.Humic acids is the complex mixture of the close material of a class formation character, is the alkali extractive of the peat composed of rotten mosses, brown coal or weathered coal.Have energy and metal ion exchanged bonded acidic-group because it is a kind of hydrophilic colloid, have the group (perhaps also having some groups of not making clear) of redox reaction again, thereby be a kind of multi-functional mixture.Humic acids is proved to be already as a kind of plant growth regulation, and can also suppress stomatal aperture, and it is rising that plant is reduced.Therefore, drought resisting or anti-withered.

Humic acids is a kind of good soil improvement agent and plant production stimulant.Nutrient and moisture content are had stronger adsorption, simultaneously, can form inner complex, stoped elements such as Aluminium in Soil, magnesium, iron, calcium to phosphorus fixation, thereby improved the utilization ratio of phosphorus widely with multiple element such as aluminium in the soil, magnesium, calcium.

Humic acids can also exchange by alkali, and through decomposing and as sequestrant, rare earth is as fertilizer, its effective rate of utilization is very low, has only by adding material such as sequestrant with it behind the chelating, could improve its effective rate of utilization.Humic acids has chelating ability as a kind of natural resources of cheapness, therefore, can improve the utilization ratio of rare earth effectively.

Humic acid fertilizer is the class fertilizer that China recent years grows up.Among CN1025430C and the CN1030655C introduction was arranged.Have plenty of solid fertilizer in this class fertilizer, have plenty of liquid fertilizer.From storing and angle easy to use consideration, the peasant more is ready to use solid fertilizer.Particularly high-performance solid composite fertilizer or compound fertilizer.

The plaster of paris can be used as soil conditioner.Consensus is: the Ca in the calcium sulfate ²⁺With 2Na ⁺Exchange, thus the perviousness that is stained with improved.Phosphogypsum can be used as soil conditioner and does not need to purify, and the U.S. and Australia use phosphogypsum all to succeed as soil conditioner.

The composition of phosphogypsum, because of the raw ore of different phosphoric acid by wet process technical process and different areas variant.With 73-75BPL Morocco ore deposit is raw material, adopts hemihydrate process, dihydrate process, and the composition of half water, one dihydrate process gained phosphogypsum (filter cake), its weight percent (butt) is respectively: P ₂O ₅＜1.4%, CaO ₃2%-37%, SO ₄ ^2-52.8%-60.1%, F 0.5%-1.5%, SiO ₂0.4%-0.7%, Fe ₂O ₃＜0.1%, Al ₂O ₃＜0.1%, MgO＜0.1%, in addition, trace elements Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, (Ir, V also can transfer to from phosphorus ore in the phosphogypsum, and wherein their transfer amount is by weight percentage: Cd 20%, Cu 64%-100%, Zn 20%-49%, Pb 100%, Cr 3%-26%, V 1%-100%.

In the phosphoric acid by wet process amount of the phosphogypsum of institute's by-product according to different raw material ore deposits with different technical process and difference.The general ItP that produces ₂O ₅About by-product 4-6t phosphogypsum.In China, this by-product phosphogypsum is not utilized as yet in large quantities, and therefore, many phosphoric acid factories and ammonium phosphate plant all have a large amount of overstocking.Even bring very big trouble to manufacturer.Because having accounted for large stretch of place face, it can't utilize it again.Still all unfavorable from environment protection from the economic benefit aspect.The development and use phosphogypsum is a thing of benefiting the nation and the people.

The objective of the invention is to utilize natural resources, rationally adjust the nutrient content in the crop fertilization, improve crop yield and quality, reduce production costs, the protection environment improves Soil structure, increases soil fertility, and improves the economic and social benefits.

Composite fertilizer of the present invention is at comprehensive wheat; on the basis to nitrogen phosphorus potassium and micro-demand in staple crops such as corn and the paddy rice production growth course; to Shandong; the Soil structure of Henan two province part districts and cities and fertility are carried out on the basis of preliminary investigation understanding; from development China agricultural; the protection environment; improve Soil structure; increase soil fertility; improve crop yield and quality; reduce cost; the strategic height that improves the economic and social benefits is set out; the phosphogypsum that utilizes the very abundant mud coal Buddhist monk of domestic resource not developed in a large number; with inorganic materials; mud coal and phosphogypsum; the rare earth mixing granulation is made rare earth modified nitrogen phosphorus potassium multi-element compound fertilizer.Not only reasonably utilized natural resources, production cost is low, and production technique is simple, and ecotopes such as soil, crop, water system are had excellent protection and promoter action.

(the illustrating as follows) that the objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: measure by weight percentage, take by weighing 20% urea respectively; 19% vitriolate of tartar; 10% diammonium phosphate or 23% urea; 8% monoammonium phosphate; 10% vitriolate of tartar again with 8% mud coal; 4% phosphogypsum; 30% calcium superphosphate and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate; 2% wilkinite, raw material after crushed, the mud coal granularity is not more than 40 orders, moisture content＜10%.Above-mentioned inorganic fertilizer, material phosphogypsum and wilkinite granularity are less than 60 orders, and the dried up content of phosphogypsum and wilkinite continent is not more than 5%.Each effective component content of above-mentioned mineral manure and moisture content are by the national standard requirement.

By weight, take by weighing 8% weight RE microbial fertilizer.

Mineral manure is mixed with mixed coal; mix granulation after phosphogypsum and the wilkinite RE microbial fertilizer mixing and stirring again; granulation can be carried out in granulating disc; also can send into the granulation of cylinder tablets press; produce the particle of 1-5mm on request, send into moisture eliminator then and carry out drying, normal temperature cooling down after the discharging; cooled fertilizer enters roto-sifter and carries out sub-sieve, and the finished product with screening carries out metering packing by globule size at last.

This product has following characteristic:

Full nutrient (N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O) content 〉=25%

Rare earth and micronutrient levels 〉=10%

Free water content≤3%

Granularity 1-5mm

Main application and usage:

Composite fertilizer of the present invention is a kind of farm crop multi-component composite fertilizer, and crops such as wheat, corn, paddy rice, peanut, tobacco, fruit, vegetables are had good effect of increasing production.Have simultaneously and improve farm crop quality improvement Soil structure, increase soil fertility and drought resisting and delay the characteristic of fertilizer efficiency.Simultaneous test shows through the farmland: every mu of volume increase of wheat 4.2%-6.1%, every mu of volume increase of corn 4.8%-7.4%, the every accent volume increase of paddy rice 7.9%-13.1%, tobacco 12.1%-17.4% or the like.

Using method:

Make base fertilizer, when ploughing before sowing, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 60 jin-80 jin of size granularity, during sowing, uses 20 jin-30 jin in 1-5mm fertilizer, buries with seed and makes seed manure, also can do the use of topdressing.

Claims

1, a kind of rare earth modified nitrogen phosphorus potassium multi-element compound fertilizer is characterized in that it is made up of mineral manure, mud coal, phosphogypsum, wilkinite, rare earth.

2, mineral manure according to claim 1 is meant urea, ammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia, vitriolate of tartar or Repone K, calcium superphosphate or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate.

3, rare earth according to claim 1 is the RE microbial fertilizer of utilizing after the humic acids modification.

4, its production method of a kind of rare earth modified multicomponent mixed fertilizer according to claim 1 is to mix granulation with RE microbial fertilizer again after mineral manure and mud coal, phosphogypsum, wilkinite are mixed, and obtains its product behind drying, the sub-sieve.

5, production method according to claim 2 is characterized in that humic acids content is no less than 15% (weight) in the mud coal.

6, production method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the mud coal granularity is not more than 40 orders.

7, production method according to claim 2 is characterized in that mineral manure, phosphogypsum and bentonitic granularity are less than 60 orders.

8, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 described rare earth modified nitrogen phosphorus potassium multi-element compound fertilizers, it is characterized in that this product has following characteristics:

Full nutrient (N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O) content 〉=25%, rare earth and micro-sum 〉=10%

Granularity 1--5mm

Free water content≤3%