CN1365418A - Method for creating a weld in a wellbore - Google Patents
Method for creating a weld in a wellbore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1365418A CN1365418A CN00810871A CN00810871A CN1365418A CN 1365418 A CN1365418 A CN 1365418A CN 00810871 A CN00810871 A CN 00810871A CN 00810871 A CN00810871 A CN 00810871A CN 1365418 A CN1365418 A CN 1365418A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wellhole
- volume
- fluid
- branch
- volume part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0276—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element for working on or in tubes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
- B23K9/0282—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections
- B23K9/0284—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections with an electrode working inside the tube
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/127—Means for tracking lines during arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/1272—Geometry oriented, e.g. beam optical trading
- B23K9/1274—Using non-contact, optical means, e.g. laser means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/10—Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
A method of creating a weld to connect a first element to a second element, said elements being arranged in a wellbore (1) containing a wellbore fluid, is provided. The method comprises selecting a welding path along which the weld is to be created, selecting a volume portion of the wellbore, in which selected volume portion said path is located and sealing said selected volum e portion from the remainder of the wellbore volume, and providing pressure control means (12, 16) for controlling the fluid pressure in said selected volume portion. The pressure control means is then operated so as to reduce the fluid pressure in said selected volume portion to a selected pressure at which the weld can be created, and the weld is created along the selected welding path.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of weld seam that forms first element is connected to the method on second element.
With regard to various application scenarios, be desirable to provide the method that forms weld seam in a kind of wellhole in the stratum, wellhole comprises a kind of wellbore fluid.For example, such application scenario comprises the sealing that forms metal to metal, thus the globality or the repairing corrosion and damage of structure being provided for the wellhole parts.But, be generally under the situation of high pressure and be not easy to carry out welding under the liquid environment (wellbore fluid) in wellhole.The under water welding of a kind of similar situation for for example at sea carrying out on the platform, thus make the feasible degree of depth of this welding be subjected to the restriction of the hydrostatic pressure of water level.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly to form weld seam so that first element is connected to the method on second element, described element is disposed in the wellhole that comprises a kind of wellbore fluid.
Method of the present invention comprises:
A) select a path of welding, will form weld seam along this path of welding;
B) select a volume part of this wellhole, described path is arranged in this volume part, and makes the volume part of described selection isolated with the remainder of wellhole volume;
C) provide pressure control device, be used for controlling the fluid pressure in the volume part of described selection;
D) handle this pressure control device, so that the fluid pressure in the volume part of described selection is reduced to the selected pressure that can form weld seam; And
E) form weld seam along selected path of welding.
By making the volume part that will form weld seam therein isolated, and reduce the pressure in this volume part subsequently, make fluid pressure no longer prevent the formation of weld seam with the remainder of wellhole.
Suitable is, first element is a wellhole housing on, and second element is a lower well housing, and this lower well housing has the top of stretching into wellhole lower part of frame on this.So, just obtained the housing of metal to metal seal, thereby allowed the gas under the high pressure to produce by the wellhole housing, rather than by running through the common production pipe of wellhole housing.
In a preferred embodiment, the external diameter on described top equates with the internal diameter of described bottom substantially, and step e) comprises that the top edge with lower house is welded on the upper shell.
In another preferred embodiment, the external diameter on described top is less than the internal diameter of bottom, wherein, this method also comprises the annular space of filling between pipe (filler tube) described top of insertion and the described bottom, and, step e) comprises that the top edge with lower house is welded to fills on the pipe, and the top edge that will fill pipe is welded on the upper shell.
In order to allow gases at high pressure from a polygon wellbore system, to produce, suitable is, this wellhole is a main wellbore that has branch's wellhole, described first element is the branch of branch's casing member, its main casing that will run through main wellbore is connected on the branch's housing that runs through branch's wellhole, and described second element is this branch's housing.
Describe the present invention by example below with reference to accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the longitudinal cross-section of the system that is used in combination with first embodiment of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the longitudinal cross-section of the system that is used in combination with second embodiment of the inventive method;
Fig. 3 schematically shows the thin A of portion of Fig. 2.
Reference number identical among the figure is represented identical parts.
System shown in Figure 1 comprises a wellhole 1 that is formed in the stratum (earth formation) 3, this wellhole has one first element and one second element, the form of first element is the lower well housing 7 of form for extending of wellhole housing 5, the second elements on extending in the 1a of the top of wellhole 1 in the 1b of the bottom of wellhole 1.The external diameter of lower house 7 equates with the internal diameter of upper shell 5 substantially, and lower house 7 partly extends in the upper shell 5.Cement layer 9 is arranged on one side the two housings and the annular space between the borehole wall of another side.
A welding system 10 is arranged in the wellhole 1, but this welding system comprise an expanded radially last gasket (packer) but the following gasket 16 of 12 and expanded radiallys, last gasket 12 is arranged in the upper shell 5 of top edge 14 tops of lower house 7, and following gasket 16 is arranged in the lower house 7. Gasket 12,16 interconnects by a tube element 18 that is provided with many openings 20 at Qi Bizhong.Each gasket 12,16 is provided with a collapsible memory metal elements (not shown) and an electronic heater coil (not shown) in inside, this memory metal elements is used for radially making gasket leaning corresponding housing 5,7 expansions, and this electronic heater coil is used for starting this memory metal elements.Gasket 12,16 is provided with suitable seal 21, is used for sealing top to be positioned at gasket 12,16 on its expanding position against corresponding housing 5,7.
Cable 34 extends to welding system 10 by tubular conduit 33 from control module, and extends to heater coil and even solenoid from welding system 10.Fibre-optic cable 35 extends to welding system 10 by tubular conduit 33 from a ground monitoring unit (not shown), and stretches into pipe 25 from welding system 10, so that optical signal is provided for this monitoring unit.
Control module is suitable for optionally providing electric power and/or automatically controlled signal to welding system 10, heater coil, solenoid and video camera by cable 34.
During the normal running of the system that uses in first embodiment, wellhole 1 comprises a kind of wellbore fluid of selected density.Welding rod 24 is positioned on its punctured position, and lip ring is arranged in annular groove 28, so that the sealing welding rod makes it to isolate with wellbore fluid.Welding system 10 hangs on the tubular conduit 33 and by wellhole and drops to position shown in Figure 1, thereby the top edge 14 that makes lower house 7 is between gasket 12,16.Electric power offers heater coil by cable 34 by control module, thereby heater coil offers memory metal elements with heat.In case arrive its transition temperature, this memory metal elements is just shunk, thereby makes gasket 12,16 expanded radiallys, and wherein gasket 12,16 engages with corresponding housing 5,7 in the mode of sealing.
Close ground control valve,, and be pumped in the volume part 30 by tube element 18 and opening 20 by the tubular conduit 33 compressed inert gas of pumping nitrogen for example from the ground.By with gas pump in volume part 30, wellbore fluid just is discharged into the inside of the wellhole 1 of welding unit 10 tops from volume part 30 by discharge pipe.When Compressed Gas during from 30 emptyings of volume part, stops pumping with all wellbore fluid substantially.Then open control valve,, thereby air pressure is reduced to suitable with atmospheric pressure with the air pressure in release volume part 30 and the tubular conduit 33.Flap valve 36 prevents that wellbore fluid is back to the volume part 30 from discharge pipe 36.
Inspire control module providing electric power, thereby make solenoid cause that lip ring 26 drops to down (as shown in Figure 1) on the gasket 16 from last gasket 12 to solenoid.Inspire control module and provide electric power and automatically controlled signal to give welding system 10, thereby make welding rod 24 be positioned at its extended position, the top of welding rod is at the top edge 14 of extended position near lower house 7.Then control module makes welding rod 24 form a weld seam of extension along the circumferential direction along the turning that the inner surface by the top edge 14 of lower house 7 and upper shell 5 forms.This weld seam makes lower house 7 seal mutually with upper shell 5.In welding operation, video camera is operated by control module, so that the welding operation on the monitoring ground.
When welding operation is finished, by regaining tubular conduit 33 from wellhole 1 and welding system 10 being recovered on the ground.
Fig. 2 shows the system that uses in a second embodiment, this system comprises branch's casing member 40 that is arranged in the main wellbore (not shown) that has branch's wellhole (not shown), this branch's casing member 40 is positioned at the branch point of two wellholes, and a main casing 42 that runs through main wellbore is linked to each other with branch's housing 44 that stretches into branch's wellhole.Branch's housing 44 has a top 46 of stretching into the branch 48 of branch's casing member 40, and the external diameter on this top is less than the internal diameter of branch 48, and one of them is filled in pipe 50 annular spaces that are arranged between described top 46 and the described branch 48.By adopting method of the present invention, the top edge of branch's housing 44 is welded to fills on the pipe 50, manage 50 top edge and be welded in the branch 48 and will fill.
Referring to Fig. 3, identical label is used for representing same parts shown in Figure 1, therefore, comes parts such among Fig. 3 are described with reference to Fig. 1.The difference of embodiment shown in Figure 3 and the embodiment of Fig. 1 is that first element is formed by branch's housing 44, and second element is formed by branch's housing 44.The external diameter on top 46 is less than the internal diameter of branch 48.
The normal running of the second embodiment system is similar to the normal running of the first embodiment system to a great extent, fill on the pipe 50 except utilizing welding system 10 top edge of branch's housing 44 to be welded to, and utilize welding system 10 top edge of filling pipe 50 to be welded in the branch 48 by weld seam 54 by weld seam 52.
If run to branch's wellhole between mid-term at branch's housing 46, branch's housing was stuck in branch's wellhole before the arrival plan degree of depth, and second embodiment of the inventive method is useful especially so.Then, branch's housing 46 is cut such degree, and promptly the top 46 of branch's housing still is in the branch 48, after this installs and fills pipe 50, and utilize welding system 10 to form weld seam 52,54.From wellhole, take out the top that branch's housing is cut.
Claims (15)
1. one kind comprises on the element that is provided with in a kind of wellhole of wellbore fluid the method that forms weld seam one, and this method comprises:
A) select a path of welding, will form weld seam along this path;
B) select a volume part of this wellhole, described path is arranged in this volume part, and makes the volume part of described selection isolated with the remainder of wellhole volume;
C) provide pressure control device, be used for controlling the fluid pressure in the volume part of described selection;
D) handle this pressure control device, so that the fluid pressure in the volume part of described selection is reduced to the selected pressure that can form weld seam; And
E) form weld seam along selected path of welding.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, step b) is included in first gasket and second gasket are installed in this wellhole, and the volume part of described selection is between this gasket.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that this first gasket is provided with the welding unit of a Long-distance Control, is used for forming described weld seam.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, this welding unit has at least one and divides isolated welding rod by dismountable sealing device and selected capacity.
5. as any one described method among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described element is first element, described weld seam is connected on second element in the wellhole this first element.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, this first element is one and goes up the wellhole housing, and this second element is a lower well housing, and wellhole lower part of frame on this is stretched on the top of this lower well housing.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the external diameter on described top equates with the internal diameter of described bottom that basically step e) comprises that the top edge with this lower house is welded on this upper shell.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the external diameter on described top is less than the internal diameter of this bottom, and, this method also comprises in the annular space of filling between pipe described top of insertion and the described bottom, and step e) comprises that the top edge with this lower house is welded on this filling pipe, and the top edge that will fill pipe is welded on this upper shell.
9. as any one described method among the claim 5-8, it is characterized in that, this wellhole is a main wellbore that has branch's wellhole, described first element is the branch of branch's casing member, its main casing that will run through this main wellbore is connected on branch's housing that runs through this branch's wellhole, and described second element is this branch's housing.
10. as any one described method among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, this pressure control device comprises a conduit that is provided with a control valve and communicates with the volume segment fluid flow of described selection, this conduit extends to ground by wellhole, and, step c) comprises opens this control valve, so that allow the fluid pressure in the volume part of described selection to reduce.
11. as any one described method among the claim 1-10, also comprise the fluid evacuation device is set, be used for from the volume partially draining drilling fluid of described selection, and before step d), handle this fluid evacuation device, so that from selected volume partially draining wellbore fluid.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, this fluid evacuation device comprises a discharge pipe, this discharge pipe makes fluid communication between the remainder of selected volume part and wellhole volume, and, the step of emptying wellbore fluid comprises that the selected gas of guiding flows into selected volume part, so that make wellbore fluid divide the remainder that flows into the wellhole volume from selected capacity by this discharge pipe.
13. as the described method of the claim 12 of quoting claim 10, it is characterized in that, make selected gas flow into described volume part by described conduit.
14., it is characterized in that this discharge pipe is provided with a flap valve as claim 12 or 13 described methods, this flap valve prevents that wellbore fluid from flowing into selected volume part from the remainder of wellhole volume.
15. the method for fully describing with reference to accompanying drawing above.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99305943 | 1999-07-27 | ||
| EP99305943.5 | 1999-07-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1365418A true CN1365418A (en) | 2002-08-21 |
Family
ID=8241546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00810871A Pending CN1365418A (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2000-07-25 | Method for creating a weld in a wellbore |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1365418A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU763587B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2376963C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60007134T2 (en) |
| DZ (1) | DZ3158A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA003227B1 (en) |
| EG (1) | EG22607A (en) |
| GC (1) | GC0000134A (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01013432A (en) |
| OA (1) | OA11887A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113441883A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-28 | 广东华坤建设集团有限公司 | Water workbench for immersed tube welding |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11846151B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2023-12-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Repairing a cased wellbore |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ182982A (en) * | 1976-01-12 | 1979-10-25 | Boc Ltd | Arc welding under water |
| US6041860A (en) * | 1996-07-17 | 2000-03-28 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus and method for performing imaging and downhole operations at a work site in wellbores |
-
2000
- 2000-07-25 AU AU68291/00A patent/AU763587B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-25 DZ DZ003158A patent/DZ3158A1/en active
- 2000-07-25 DE DE60007134T patent/DE60007134T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-25 EA EA200200201A patent/EA003227B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-25 OA OA1200200022A patent/OA11887A/en unknown
- 2000-07-25 CA CA002376963A patent/CA2376963C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-25 MX MXPA01013432A patent/MXPA01013432A/en unknown
- 2000-07-25 CN CN00810871A patent/CN1365418A/en active Pending
- 2000-07-25 GC GCP2000773 patent/GC0000134A/en active
- 2000-07-26 EG EG20000950A patent/EG22607A/en active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113441883A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-28 | 广东华坤建设集团有限公司 | Water workbench for immersed tube welding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60007134T2 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| EA003227B1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
| OA11887A (en) | 2006-03-28 |
| EA200200201A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
| CA2376963C (en) | 2009-02-24 |
| MXPA01013432A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| EG22607A (en) | 2003-05-31 |
| GC0000134A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| CA2376963A1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
| AU763587B2 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
| AU6829100A (en) | 2001-02-13 |
| DE60007134D1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
| DZ3158A1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
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| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |