CN1353268A

CN1353268A - Shadowless lamp

Info

Publication number: CN1353268A
Application number: CN01125069A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 松下真人
Original assignee: YAMADA MEDICAL LIGHTING CO Ltd
Current assignee: YAMADA MEDICAL LIGHTING CO Ltd
Priority date: 2000-11-06
Filing date: 2001-08-02
Publication date: 2002-06-12
Also published as: HK1046724A1; TW565674B; JP2002203406A; KR20020035425A

Abstract

The present invention provides a shadowless light having a light source composed of a small number of electric bulbs, while facilitating the design and manufacture of a lens for achieving a required light distribution characteristic. The shadowless light includes electric bulbs 427 and 428 as light sources; condenser lenses 414 and 415 for causing light beams emitted from the bulbs to be emitted as parallel beams in the circumferential direction; a reflector 3 by which the beams emitted from the condenser lenses are reflected in approximately the same direction at different radial positions with respect to the bulbs serving as centers; and an outer lens 5 refracting the beams reflected from the reflector 3 to achieve the required light distribution characteristic. The beams emitted from the bulbs and the condenser lenses are reflected by the reflector in the form of parallel beams and are made to impinge on the outer lens, where the beams are refracted. The lens step of the outer lens for achieving the required light distribution characteristic therefore, should be designed to refract parallel or approximately parallel beams to achieve the desired light distribution characteristic; the designing of the lens step is facilitated and the shadowless light with the desired light distribution characteristic can be easily designed and manufactured.

Description

Shadowless lamp

Technical field

The present invention relates to medical light fixture, particularly relate to and be disposed at operating room, operating table is carried out illuminating shadowless lamp.

Background technology

As is generally known shadowless lamp is to be used for evenly the throw light on affected part that makes the patient on operating table of affected part is not produced the light fixture of doctor or its assistant's etc. shadow.Existing general shadowless lamp is shown in the outside drawing of Figure 13 (a), arranging a plurality of bulbs 102 on the surface of lamp main body 101 constitutes, the light that each bulb 102 penetrates throws light on to affected part from different angles respectively, offset by the light from other bulbs by the shadow that a bulb produces, formation can prevent the structure that operator's shadow produces.Again, existing other shadowless lamps are shown in the profile of Figure 13 (b), its scheme is a bulb or 2 bulbs 112 that dispose in lamp chamber 111 as light source, the light that penetrates from this bulb 112 utilizes collector lens 113 that light beam is amplified, utilize the outer lens 114 that is arranged at lamp chamber 111 fronts the refraction of optical beam that amplifies again, penetrate the scheme that light throws light on to affected part with scattering state from this outer lens 114.

But the shadowless lamp of Figure 13 (a) will throw light on to operating table with regulation coloured light equably, must be that the brightness and the tone of a plurality of bulbs 102 of being set is neat, must use the bulb of neat specification.Particularly damage or life-span are arranged then, be difficult to obtain immediately the bulb identical, have the problem of shadowless lamp maintenance trouble to change with other bulb brightness, tone at any bulb.The big problem of a plurality of bulb power consumptions of use is arranged again.

And the shadowless lamp of Figure 13 (b) is compared with the shadowless lamp of Figure 13 (a), and the bulb number can reduce, and therefore comprises that the management ratio that more changes the bulb is easier to, and helps reducing consumption electric power.But, incide for the light that bulb 112 is penetrated on the face of broadness of outer lens 114, be necessary to utilize collector lens 113 that light beam is enlarged, but it is difficult making the light that like this light beam is enlarged evenly incide outer lens 114, therefore, be difficult for the outer lens design of carrying out radially the obtaining uniform luminous intensity distribution of shadowless lamp with circumferencial direction.And owing to the incident angle of injecting each light of outer lens 114 from collector lens 113 has nothing in common with each other, for the lens step (step) that the incident ray refraction is provided with on outer lens 114 has complicated shape unavoidably on three-dimensional, so lens step difficult design, simultaneously, utilize resin molding method to make outer lens 114 and also have any problem, exist the difficulty that is difficult to produce the shadowless lamp that meets design.

The objective of the invention is to, provide with a spot of bulb to constitute light source, and design and make the shadowless lamp of the lens of illumination easily with desired light distribution characteristic.

Summary of the invention

Shadowless lamp of the present invention possesses by light source, make the light that penetrates from light source as parallel rays to the collector lens of circumferencial direction outgoing, make the light that penetrates from described collector lens on the different radial location that with described light source is the center respectively to the speculum that is roughly the taper seat shape (reflecter) of roughly the same direction reflection and the light refraction that described speculum is reflected, the outer lens with needed light distribution characteristic constitutes.

Adopt the present invention, the light that light source penetrates is reflected on speculum with the state of collimated light beam, and injecting outer lens is reflected, therefore, when designing the lens step of outer lens in order to obtain desired light distribution characteristic, make parallel or near the light distribution characteristic of parallel light refraction, the easy design of lens step designs and make the shadowless lamp with desired light distribution characteristic easily as long as can access.

Again, preferably described speculum be divided into described light source be the center, different radii is locational is banded a plurality of discrete reflecting surface zone, and the described reflecting surface zone of cutting apart is made section and is the shape stepped to the optical axis direction of described speculum.Do like this and can reduce the width dimensions of speculum on optical axis direction, can do the thickness of shadowless lamp thinly.

On the other hand, the light of described mirror reflects is formed with the state that is disposed at side by side radially on described outer lens to a plurality of lens steps of radially refraction, and the described lens step that the described lens step of external diameter one side of described outer lens is made than described internal diameter one side reflects described light to radially inner side more.By means of this, can realize the illumination of light scattering property excellence, can access the good light distribution characteristic that is fit to shadowless lamp.Again, described outer lens constitutes with a plurality of minutes lens of cutting apart in a circumferential direction, described minute lens form to be similar to leg-of-mutton tabular transparent component, described lens step that in its surface will described section indentation radially with the linear state on the tangential direction in row arrangement also radially.Form such structure, adopt at the lens step that forms on each sectioned lens under the situation of flat shape of linearity and also make as a whole formation ring lens step, the design of lens step is more prone to.And, the lens step of described sectioned lens is the rectilinear form that is configured to flat shape side by side, and section shape also is the zigzag that vertical plane and inclined plane constitute, therefore also make easily at the situation bed die that utilizes resin molding method to form sectioned lens, and utilize resin forming to make high-precision sectioned lens easily.And, the divisional plane of its described sectioned lens is constituted with respect to the optical axis direction of speculum to inclined plane that circumferencial direction tilts.In this case, preferably the surface of described divisional plane process is processed to form coarse surface.Form light leak with this reflection ray that can prevent speculum by the gap between the sectioned lens.Can utilize again forming the scattering step that makes light scattering on vertical direction radially on the outer lens, realize more uniform illumination with this.

In this case, described light source and described collector lens are arranged side by side two respectively on the optical axis direction of described speculum, penetrate light with direction to zone on one side, described speculum center near the 1st light source on the one side at described speculum center and the 1st collector lens to the optical axis direction approximate vertical of described speculum, described the 2nd light source and the 2nd collector lens direction to tilt on one side to described speculum center, the light that described speculum neighboring area is penetrated is than many to the light to the vertical direction ejaculation of the optical axis direction of described speculum, by means of this, the position of peripheral reflecting surface zone on optical axis direction retreated to the rear of speculum, size on the optical axis direction of speculum is shortened equal the distance that this retreats, and even can reduce the gauge of speculum shadowless lamp.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic figure of an example of shadowless lamp of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the profilograph that comprises the shadowless lamp optical axis of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the part exploded perspective view of the shadowless lamp of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the stereogram of the part analysis of the expression general structure that constitutes the collector lens member of the Lights section and light source component.

Fig. 5 is the amplification profile of the part of speculum.

Fig. 6 is the stereogram of sectioned lens.

Fig. 7 is plane and the AA line profile and the BB line profile of sectioned lens.

Fig. 8 is the reflection of the light of expression light source ejaculation, the ideograph of refractive status.

Fig. 9 is the key diagram of the state of the expression affected part that uses shadowless lamp irradiation patient.

Figure 10 is used to illustrate the key diagram that the state of illumination unevenness speckle takes place on operating table.

Figure 11 be the side with sectioned lens be the inclined plane variation want portion's stereogram and plane and CC line profile.

Figure 12 is the profile that is used to illustrate the effect of variation.

Figure 13 is the outside drawing of a routine existing shadowless lamp and the profile of another example.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings example of the present invention is described.Fig. 1 is the outside drawing of shadowless lamp of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the profile of its center.Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of the general structure of expression each several part.In these figure, the chamber portion 2 of shadowless lamp 1 possesses the lamp chamber 21 of round umbrella, the position at the upper surface center of described lamp chamber 21 is provided with the cylindric bolt 22 of setting, the chamber portion 2 of shadowless lamp 1 is by the supporting arm 23 shown in 22 locking wires that are held among Fig. 1 of this cylindric bolt, simultaneously by these cylindric bolt 22 inside, utilize the outer power line and the external power source of figure of this bolt of break-through to be electrically connected, formation can be lighted the structure of bulb.The speculum 3 that is round umbrella equally is equipped with in described lamp chamber 21 inside, simultaneously at described speculum 3 inboard center configuration light sources 4.Two bulbs and two collector lenses that described light source 4 comprises optical axis direction (above-below direction of Fig. 2) configuration along described speculum 3 form drum as an integral body, and details will be narrated below.Disposing on the position of the front of described speculum 3 by a plurality of sectioned lens 51 and be assembled into an integral body, the formation drift angle is big must be near the outer lens 5 of smooth taper seat shape, and overlay configuration forms the scatter plate 6 of taper seat shape equally on its outside, outer lens 5 and scatter plate 6 at its edge the fringing (fringe) 23 to circular open edge 25 usefulness the ring-types of described lamp chamber 21 fix.

Shown in the exploded perspective view of above-mentioned light source 4 part analysis as shown in Figure 4, have collector lens member 41 and light source component 42.Described collector lens member 41 has the 1st lens carrier and 411 that forms circular plate shape, form the 2nd circular lens carrier 412, and the 3rd lens carrier 413, clip the 1st collector lens 414 that is circular between the 1st lens carrier 411 and the 2nd lens carrier 412, clip the 2nd collector lens 415 that is circular equally between the 2nd lens carrier 412 and the

3rd lens carrier

413,3 places at circumferencial direction, connecting rod 416 is inserted it on cylinder axis direction from described the 1st lens carrier 411 to the 3rd lens carriers 413 and is worn, again at its two ends with nut 417 with its binding, with this with above-mentioned the 1st～the 3rd lens carrier 411～413 and the 1st and the 2nd collector lens 414,415 form one.Then, described collector lens member 41 connects the centre bore 31 that described speculum 3 centers are provided with, and supports to be fixed in the central area of lamp chamber 21 inner surfaces at described the 1st lens carrier 411.Here, as can be seen from Figure 2, the section shape radially of the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd collector lens 414,415 is designed to the ring center of this collector lens section shape as the optically focused focus.

Again, install and prop up the above-mentioned light source component 42 that is held in the above-mentioned collector lens member 41, lower surface one side at circular substrate 421 forms the cage lattice that are made of 424 assemblings of 422,423 and 3 columns of the 1st and the 2nd support plate, the socket 425 of the 1st bulb is installed on described the 1st support plate 422 in these cage lattice, the socket 426 of the 2nd bulb is installed on described the 2nd support plate 423.The 1st bulb 427 and the 2nd bulb 428 as iodine-tungsten lamp are installed on the 1st and the 2nd light bulb holder.Then, described light source component 42 inserts inner from the annular aperture of the 1st lens carrier 411 of described collector lens member 41, make described circular substrate 421 cover the annular internal of described the 1st lens carrier 411, again screw (not shown) is screwed into

screw hole

411a, 421a, is fixed in described the 1st lens carrier 413.Constitute described light source 4 with this, assemble the light source 4 that forms like this, as can be seen from Figure 2, described the 1st bulb 427 is positioned on the focus of described the 1st collector lens 414,428 on described the 2nd bulb be disposed at than the focus of described the 2nd collector lens 415 a little along tube axially, be that the optical axis direction of speculum 3 is on a little position of the 2nd support plate 423 1 lateral deviations.

On the other hand, above-mentioned speculum 3 is the speculums that the metallic plate copying that the surface constitutes reflecting surface become umbrella shape, shown in the enlarged drawing of the right half part that comprises optical axis of Fig. 5, forms centre bore 31 at the central part opening that comprises optical axis, connects described light source 4.Again, in the zone of the reflecting surface of described speculum 3, the center near zone 32 of about 3/4 length from described center to radial direction is divided into a plurality of circumferentias, and each circumferentia zone section shape radially of distinguishing is stepped.And in the circumferential zone of described differentiation, each circumferentia zone that one sideswipe mirror the place ahead tilts from internal diameter one side along external diameter forms 4 circumferentia zones here respectively, constitute reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d, as described below, formation can make the structure that reflects to the place ahead of speculum 3 from the light of described the

1st bulb

427 and 414 ejaculations of the 1st collector lens.Above-mentioned 4 reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d constitute with the part to the taper seat of the inclined light shaft 45 degree of described speculum 3 respectively.Again, the neighboring area 33 that is positioned at described speculum 3 center near zones 32 outsides constitutes a peripheral reflecting surface zone here, with to the desired angle of the inclined light shaft of described speculum 3, for example 45 ° the part of taper seat of angle constitutes.Also have, the shape of such speculum 3 and following structural equivalents, the taper seat of promptly on optical axis direction, cutting apart the inclination 45 shown in this figure locking wire, each divisional plane is moved on optical axis direction, and each divisional plane linked make it form the structure of continuous face, so just can make the length L 2 of original taper seat on optical axis direction become short optical axis length L 1.And described speculum 3 is sandwiched between the 1st lens carrier 411 of above-mentioned collector lens member 41 and the lamp chamber 21 at the edge of opening 34 of described centre bore 31 and is held in the described lamp chamber 21.Again, above-mentioned speculum 3 outers are provided with flange 35, and above-mentioned flange is disposed on the position of 25 inboards, circular open edge of above-mentioned lamp chamber 21.

Above-mentioned outer lens 5 is divided in a circumferential direction a plurality of sectioned lens as shown in Figure 3, here, is to constitute with 36 sectioned lens cutting apart in a circumferential direction 51, forms drift angle generally as mentioned above and be the flat conical surface-shaped about 150 °.Above-mentioned 36 pieces of sectioned lens 51 shapes are all identical, stereogram as Fig. 6, the plane of Fig. 7 (a), Fig. 7 (b), (c) AA line, shown in each profile of BB line, form its drift angle and be designed to triangle about 10 ° and even truncated cone-shaped or fan-shaped transparent resin sheet material, the internal diameter end 52 of little width props up the surface of outer part of the 3rd lens carrier 413 of above-mentioned collector lens member 41, and the big external diameter end 53 of width dimensions props up the flange 35 of above-mentioned speculum 3,36 pieces of sectioned lens 51 are arranged in a circumferential direction with such state, only stay atomic little gap.Such gap to cause sectioned lens 51 to withstand in a circumferential direction and deforms even be damaged and design lighting 51 thermal expansions of adstante febre sectioned lens at shadowless lamp in order to prevent.Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the 3rd lens carrier 413 of above-mentioned collector lens member 41 is more forward than the position of flange 35 on optical axis of speculum 3 in the position of optical axis direction, and therefore the above-mentioned outer lens 5 of 36 pieces of sectioned lens 51 formations forms cone shape on the whole.Also have, the breach 54 that is arranged at the base of sectioned lens 51 is used for the location when being disposed at these sectioned lens 51 on the circumferencial direction.

Again, above-mentioned sectioned lens 51 on the inner surface of upside, on the in-plane with state arranged side by side be formed on along the parallel direction in the base of external diameter end 53, be the linearity that extends on the tangential direction of outer lens 5, section shape on the thickness direction is that outside diameter is the inclined plane, and internal side diameter is the jagged lens step 55 of vertical plane.Again, above-mentioned cutting apart on the downward outer surface of step 51, be formed on above-mentioned outer lens 5 radially, in other words extend on the length direction of above-mentioned sectioned lens 51, many scattering steps 56 of configuration side by side abreast on perpendicular width.Above-mentioned scattering step 56 here is to adopt structure or the half-conical shape that forms circular arc on width.Make the light that sees through above-mentioned sectioned lens 51 be divided into many light beams in the rectangular area of each differentiation respectively with this, and each light beam is reflected and scattering by the above-mentioned scattering step 56 of the said lens step 55 of medial surface and lateral surface.

Here, the size and dimension of said lens step 55 can design according to the trace simulation that uses computer to carry out, be designed to reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d and peripheral reflecting surface zone 33, can have the shape and size of desirable light distribution characteristic at the light of these regional reflexs corresponding to above-mentioned speculum 3.Particularly under the situation of this example, the lens step 55a in the internal side diameter zone relative with above-mentioned reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d is with the angle on inclined plane with along the different various lens step mixed configuration of width dimensions of direction side by side, but the lens step 55b in the outside diameter zone relative with above-mentioned peripheral reflecting surface zone 33 is with the angle and the relatively more consistent state configuration of width dimensions on inclined plane.Again, the angle on the inclined plane of the lens step 55b in above-mentioned outside diameter zone is done than big a few minutes of inclined plane angle of the lens step 55a in internal side diameter zone.Also have, in this example, adopt on the vertical plane 57 of said lens step 55 metal such as the lighttight material of coating, for example chromium, nickel or opaqueness resin etc., or form the opaqueness film of evaporation, make light inject to outside structure by above-mentioned vertical plane.Again at the divisional plane of above-mentioned sectioned lens 51, promptly be equivalent to be processed to form wrinkle on the side 58 of part of triangle hypotenuse, form low transmissivity, can reduce structure through the light quantity of this side 58.Also can use the method for the low material of coating or evaporation light transmission to replace the method that forms wrinkle.Also can be coated with or evaporation low transmissivity material replaces wrinkle processing.Therefore, as mentioned above, 36 pieces of sectioned lens 51 are being arranged when constituting above-mentioned outer lens 5 in a circumferential direction, each lens step 55 of each sectioned lens 51 forms the state that links in a circumferential direction, and outer lens 5 is done as a whole formation and is structure 36 limit shapes, lens step concentric arrangement.

The overlapping above-mentioned scatter plate 6 in the outside of above-mentioned outer lens 5 as shown in Figure 3, forms identical taper seat with above-mentioned outer lens 5 on the whole, forms the translucent resin plate of the shape of one piece of whole front that is above-mentioned outer lens 5 of covering and even above-mentioned speculum 3.Again, small the concavo-convex of not expressing among the formation figure on the surface of above-mentioned scatter plate 6 of scattering process that rise.In this example, applied the processing that forms wrinkle on the surface of above-mentioned scatter plate, utilize wrinkle to obtain making the performance of light scattering.And above-mentioned scatter plate 6 utilizes the fringing (fringe) 24 of ring-type to be fixed on the circular open edge 25 of above-mentioned lamp chamber 21 from the outer side covers of above-mentioned outer lens 5 at its periphery with the flange 35 of speculum 3.Like this, scatter plate 6 is fixed in lamp chamber 21, is sandwiched between above-mentioned scatter plate 6 and the above-mentioned speculum 3 with the external diameter end 53 of described sectioned lens 51, the state support that internal diameter end 52 is sandwiched between above-mentioned scatter plate 6 and the 3rd lens carrier 413 is fixed.

Have in the shadowless lamp of said structure, shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 8, in case the 1st bulb the 427, the 2nd bulb 428 is lighted, from the light that each bulb penetrates, the light that penetrates on the direction to the optical axis approximate vertical of speculum 3 is respectively by the 1st collector lens the 414, the 2nd collector lens 415 optically focused, penetrates on 360 ° direction around the optical axis with collimated light beam or near the state of collimated light beam.At this moment, the 1st bulb 427 is disposed on the focus of the 1st collector lens 414, and therefore the light that penetrates is to penetrate on the direction to the optical axis approximate vertical.And the focal position that the 2nd bulb 428 is disposed at ratio the 2nd collector lens 415 on the optical axis is a little by on any position, optical axis the place ahead, and therefore the light that penetrates is roughly towards perpendicular to the direction of optical axis but the rear of some deflection speculum 3.

And the ray cast that penetrates from the 1st collector lens 414 is to the reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d of the center near zone 32 of speculum 3, each reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d to 90 ° direction, be the place ahead reflection of the optical axis direction of speculum 3, to outer lens 5 incidents.At this moment, because that each reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d divides into is circular, so incide outer lens 5 as circular light beam at the light of each reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d reflection.Again, the ray cast that penetrates from the 2nd collector lens 415 is to the peripheral reflecting surface zone 33 of speculum 3, to 90 ° direction, promptly than the direction reflection of some deflection optical axis center of the optical axis direction of speculum 3, incide outer lens 5 here, as the larger-size annular beam of radial width.

The light that incides above-mentioned outer lens 5 utilizes the lens step 55 of outer lens 5 to be configured to 36 limit shapes, and the section of each lens step 55 is the zigzag fashion to the inclined plane that the external diameter direction tilts simultaneously, is refracted as the light beam of directive optical axis center by lens step 55.At this moment, the lens step 55 in internal side diameter zone forms the angle lens step structure arranged different with size of zigzag fashion, so the direction of the light of lens step 55a refraction respectively has small angle difference.Again, the lens step 55b in outside diameter zone, the angle on its inclined plane is bigger than the angle on the inclined plane of the lens step 55a in internal side diameter zone, therefore, as whole outer lens, the ray refraction angle that penetrates from the outside diameter zone is bigger than the ray refraction angle that penetrates from the internal side diameter zone.Therefore see through the light of outer lens 5, as the regulation areas diffract of light beam integral body to optical axis direction, on the other hand, state mixing in that the circular light beam of multi beam of the reflecting surface subregion of speculum 3 32a～32d reflection overlaps each other with the zone of the zone of internal side diameter and outside diameter after outer lens 5 refractions respectively mutually forms equally distributed on the whole state.On the other hand, the light that reflects in the peripheral reflecting surface zone 33 of speculum 3, because shape, the size of the lens step 55b in the outside diameter zone of outer lens 5 are more even, so, penetrate from outer lens 5 towards along the roughly the same direction of optical axis, the i.e. direction of optically focused refraction in the necessary diameter size area on operating table when shadowless lamp is arranged on the normally used height and position.

Again, in above-mentioned example, the outer surface of outer lens 5 form width be half cone-shaped roughly at many 0 scattering steps 56 that radially extend, therefore the light that penetrates from outer lens 5 is scattered on the circumferencial direction of outer lens 5 by this scattering step 56.And owing to outer lens 5 is made of in the circumferencial direction arrangement 36 pieces of sectioned lens 51, described lens step 55 forms 36 limit shapes, forming continuous circular situation with the lens step compares, boundary at each sectioned lens 51 is interfered generation scattering as a result by the light of said lens step 55 refractions each other at adjacent sectioned lens, helps realizing even illumination more.

Also have, each light that penetrates from above-mentioned outer lens 5 is scattered plate 6 scatterings.Thereby as shown in Figure 9, penetrated with the angle that has nothing in common with each other by the light of lens step 55 refractions of outer lens 5, project on the operating table 7 through after the scattering of scatter plate 6, illuminate the affected part of the patient outside the figure on the operating table 7.The affected part of patient on the operating table 7 is shone with scattering state by the light from a plurality of different directions, so the operator's that Ray Of Light forms shadow can be eliminated by other light, and because many light are in scattering state, so can evenly throw light on, can realize optimal illumination as shadowless lamp.

As mentioned above, shadowless lamp of the present invention utilizes the 1st collector lens 414 and the 2nd collector lens 415 to make the distribution of light that penetrates from the 1st bulb 427 and the 2nd bulb 428 become parallel or near parallel light, in speculum 3 reflections, injects outer lens 5 more then.For this reason, when designing the lens step 55 of the outer lens 5 that can access desired light distribution characteristic, as long as make parallel and even approaching parallel light refraction, the light distribution characteristic that obtains the purpose requirement gets final product, and lens step 55 designs easily.Particularly outer lens 5 is made of many pieces of sectioned lens roughly triangular in shape 51, these sectioned lens 51 are arranged and are formed circle, therefore, even under the situation of the flat shape of making linearity at the lens step 55 that forms on each sectioned lens 55, also can form outer lens whole is near the lens step of the flat shape of ring-type, and the design of lens step 55 is more prone to.Again, the section shape of described lens step 55 is the zigzag that vertical plane and inclined plane constitute, even therefore utilize resin molding method to form under the situation of sectioned lens 51, the manufacturing of metal die is also easy, and utilizes the method for resin forming to make high-precision sectioned lens easily.

Again, utilize the light tight film that is arranged on the vertical plane 57 to block light at the zigzag lens step 55 that is provided with on the outer lens 5 from speculum 3, therefore, see through vertical plane 57 or can not be mapped to operating table, can eliminate dazzle the operator at the light of vertical plane 57 refractions.Again, light tight film like this uses colored materials to form, therefore when outer lens 5 is watched in the outside, that is when watching shadowless lamp 1, because the color of this light tight film makes the photoirradiated surface of shadowless lamp present painted outward appearance, makes shadowless lamp seem more attractive in appearance in appearance.And,, can suppress or prevent the dazzle that this face causes to the operator so can reduce side-irradiation that the light that comes from speculum sees through each sectioned lens 51 light quantity to the operating table because each side 58 of sectioned lens 51 forms the low face of light transmissions.

On the other hand, because that speculum 3 is made a plurality of reflectings surface subregion 32a～32d of center near zone is stepped, therefore short in the size of optical axis direction upper reflector 3, can reduce gauge.As mentioned above, reflecting surface subregion 32a～32d not being made under the stair-stepping situation, shown in the locking wire of Fig. 5, if radially guaranteeing necessary reflecting surface zone, then the gauge L2 of speculum is bigger than the gauge L1 of the speculum of this example.Again, to peripheral reflecting surface zone 33, the light that penetrates from the 2nd bulb 428 passes through the 2nd collector lens 415 directives lean on speculum 3 a little than the vertical direction of the optical axis direction of speculum 3 rear, therefore the position of the optical axis direction in peripheral reflecting surface zone 33 is retreated to the rear of speculum, the size of optical axis direction upper reflector just shortens this size that retreats, and can reduce the size of speculum 3 and even shadowless lamp 1.

Here, when sectioned lens 51 is arranged formation outer lens 5 in a circumferential direction, change in size on the circumferencial direction that causes for the thermal expansion that absorbs sectioned lens 51, shown in Figure 10 (a), between the divisional plane of each sectioned lens 51, that is between side 58, guarantee to have the gap d of circumferencial direction, but in above-mentioned example, make the side of each sectioned lens 51 parallel with the optical axis of speculum 3, therefore, light parallel with optical axis in the light of speculum 3 reflections might form light leak Lx and see through outer lens 5 ejaculations by the gap d between the side of above-mentioned sectioned lens 51.Such light leak Lx is not owing to pass through the refraction of the lens step 55 of outer lens 5, form the situation of direct irradiation on operating table 7, with the illumination condition on the operating table shown in formation Figure 10 of the light leak between each side of the outer lens 5 radial a plurality of sectioned lens 51 that are divided into (b), light leak Lx produces radial bright illumination lines on operating table 7, or makes operator's dazzle.

In order to eliminate such defective, shown in the stereogram and its plane and CC line profile of the part of the variation of the sectioned lens of representing respectively as Figure 11 (a) and (b), (c) 51, make the side 58 of sectioned lens 51 form the inclined plane 58a that the optical axis direction circumferencial direction to speculum 3 tilts.Even also two of each sectioned lens 51 sides form the inclined plane 58a that tilts to identical circumferencial direction respectively.The angle of inclination of this inclined plane 58a and the size of speculum 3 also have relation, approximately get with the vertical plane on the plane of sectioned lens 51 to become 1～2 ° angle of inclination.In this case, the side of the lens step 55 that each sectioned lens 51 surface forms or not inclination, and the angle that the metal die pattern draft requires when moulding is with the interior formation as far as possible vertical plane parallel with the optical axis of speculum 3.Again, preferably make light not to the surface treatment of specific direction reflection, for example the processing of the formation wrinkle identical with above-mentioned example is such to each inclined plane 58a of above-mentioned sectioned lens 51, it is processed as coarse surface, utilizes wrinkle to make light diffusion.

Therefore, when arranging the sectioned lens of this structure in a circumferential direction, shown in Figure 12 (a), each side of adjacent sectioned lens 51 forms the relative state of inclined plane 58a.Therefore shown in Figure 12 (b), in the light of speculum 3 reflections, the light of optical axis direction can not be by the gap d between the inclined plane 58a of sectioned lens 51, and the light of optical axis direction can not form light leak and penetrate from outer lens 5.Also have, a part of light enters in the gap between the 58a of inclined plane, while but reflect, reflect and decay at the inclined plane of each sectioned lens 51 58a, so almost do not have the light leak ejaculation.Again, in this case inclined plane 58a is formed the processing processing of rough surface, therefore can prevent effectively that light from reflecting to specific direction, can make this reverberation produce light leak hardly.Again, blocked by the outstanding lens step 55 in the gap between the inclined plane of sectioned lens 51, therefore can not form light leak and penetrate by the gap along the light of the incline direction in gap.

Additional disclosure, in order to prevent side clearance d light leak from sectioned lens 51, shown in Figure 12 (c), consideration forms step at side 58b, but this structure is unsatisfactory, as shown in the drawing, in the face glazing reflection vertical significantly with optical axis, this regional light transmission is lower than other zones, and is opposite with the situation shown in Figure 10 (b), may produce radial dark fringe on the operating table 7.

, in the above-mentioned example outer lens is cut apart 36 sectioned lens of formation here, cut apart number but also can increase and decrease as required.Again, the lens step that forms on sectioned lens and the shape of scattering step, size also can have various changes corresponding to the field of illumination of desired shadowless lamp.Also have, the subregional number of reflecting surface of formation speculum and size etc. also can suitably change.

As mentioned above, the light that shadowless lamp of the present invention utilizes collector lens that light source is penetrated forms collimated light beam and penetrates to circumferencial direction, make the light that penetrates from collector lens on speculum, reflect to identical direction respectively in the different radial location that with the light source is the center, the light that comes from mirror reflects reaches desired light distribution characteristic by the outer lens refraction, therefore when being designed for the lens step of the outer lens that obtains desired light distribution characteristic, as long as design to such an extent that can make parallel or approaching parallel light refraction to obtain light distribution characteristic as purpose, the design of lens step designs easily easily, the achieve the goal shadowless lamp of the light distribution characteristic that requires of manufacturing.

Again, it is that the variant radial location at center forms banded a plurality of reflectings surface subregion that speculum is divided into described light source, and described reflecting surface subregion forms the stepped section shape of the optical axis direction of described speculum, can reduce the size of optical axis direction upper reflector with this, can do shadowless lamp thinly.

Also have, in outer lens, the lens step that forms outside diameter more to the structure of radially inner side refracted ray, can be realized the illumination of scattering property excellence than the lens step of internal side diameter, obtains as the suitable light distribution characteristic of shadowless lamp.Again, outer lens be arranged on radially vertical direction on the scattering step of scattered beam, can realize throwing light on more uniformly with this.Also have, constitute outer lens with a plurality of sectioned lens of cutting apart in a circumferential direction, so the shape of lens step is simple, the lens step is designed simultaneously easily also make easily.Again, in this case, the divisional plane that makes sectioned lens tilts to circumferencial direction with respect to the optical axis direction of speculum, forms the inclined plane, form light leak with this light that can prevent optical axis direction in the light of mirror reflects by the gap between the sectioned lens side, prevent to produce the illumination striped.Also have, utilize the method that divisional plane processing is treated to coarse surface, can prevent that light to specific direction reflection, also can suppress to enter the illumination lines that the light in the gap causes.

Claims

1. shadowless lamp, it is characterized in that, possess by light source, make the light that penetrates from described light source as collimated light beam to the collector lens of circumferencial direction outgoing, make the light that penetrates from described collector lens on the different radial location that with described light source is the center respectively to the speculum that is roughly the taper seat shape of roughly the same direction reflection and the light refraction that described speculum is reflected, with the outer lens of desired light distribution characteristic irradiation.

2. shadowless lamp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described speculum be divided into described light source be the center, different radii is locational is banded a plurality of discrete reflecting surface zone, and the described reflecting surface zone of cutting apart is made section and is the shape stepped to the optical axis direction of described speculum.

3. shadowless lamp according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described light source and described collector lens are arranged side by side two respectively on the optical axis direction of described speculum, penetrate light with direction to zone on one side, described speculum center near described speculum center the 1st light source and the 1st collector lens on one side to the optical axis direction approximate vertical of described speculum, described the 2nd light source and the 2nd collector lens direction to tilt on one side to described speculum center, the light that described speculum neighboring area is penetrated is than many to the light to the vertical direction ejaculation of the optical axis direction of described speculum.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described shadowless lamps, it is characterized in that, the light of described mirror reflects is formed with the state that is disposed at side by side radially on described outer lens to a plurality of lens steps of radially refraction, and the described lens step that the described lens step of external diameter one side of described outer lens is made than internal diameter one side reflects described light to radially inner side more.

5. shadowless lamp according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described outer lens is made of a plurality of sectioned lens of cutting apart in a circumferential direction, described sectioned lens forms by being similar to leg-of-mutton tabular transparent component, in its surface with the described lens step of described section indentation radially with the linear state on the tangential direction radially and row arrangement.

6. shadowless lamp according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described lens step constitutes zigzag with vertical plane and inclined plane, and described vertical plane is with lighttight formation.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 described shadowless lamps, it is characterized in that the described divisional plane of described sectioned lens constitutes with the low low-transmittance face of light transmission.

8. according to claim 5 or 6 described shadowless lamps, it is characterized in that the divisional plane that extends diametrically of described sectioned lens forms with respect to the optical axis direction of described speculum to inclined plane that circumferencial direction tilts.

9. shadowless lamp according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the surface of the described divisional plane of described sectioned lens is through being processed to form coarse surface.

10. according to each the described shadowless lamp in the claim 4～7, it is characterized in that, on described outer lens, form on the face of opposition side of face of described lens step and form the scattering step that makes light scattering on described vertical direction radially.