CN1352721A

CN1352721A - Method for forming concrete floors

Info

Publication number: CN1352721A
Application number: CN99816508A
Authority: CN
Inventors: L·J·斯卡兰; 小A·舍雷
Original assignee: TECTONICS INTERNATIONAL CORP
Current assignee: TECTONICS INTERNATIONAL CORP
Priority date: 1999-01-21
Filing date: 1999-01-21
Publication date: 2002-06-05
Also published as: IL144474A0; AU2336999A; KR20010092469A; WO2000043613A1

Abstract

A method of forming concrete floors in a building including coupling a plurality of form supporting shoring jacks to a plurality of columns of the building and supporting a form on the shoring jacks. The height of the form is then adjusted at each of the shoring jacks to attain a desired position of an upper forming surface of the form. Concrete is poured onto the upper surface of the form and allowed to cure to a predetermined degree. The form is then lowered away from the concrete.

Description

A kind of manufacturing process of concrete floor

Invention field

The present invention relates generally to a kind of concrete manufacturing process, more particularly, relate to a kind of manufacturing process of the concrete floor in tier building.

Background of invention

Various methods have been used to form the concrete floor in the tier building.The template that great majority are used for concrete floor is usually by being assemblied in that scaffold below the floor supports or being supported by the trussing of lower floor's floor.Therefore, lower floor's floor of floor has been cured to be enough to support except that the concrete of the weight of top floor and before the weight of support scaffolding or truss new floor can not be installed above being designed to support.This situation needs the hundred-percent of lower floor's floor to solidify usually.Scaffold or other are shored pillar also may be needed to be installed in than on the low one or more lower floors floor of the tight following floor of the floor that is about to be built, above-mentioned support can hinder other industry like this and on these floors, carry out other operation, unless can be removed.In addition, in architectural process,, must build each floor plate more abundant usually for the weight of floor above supporting.Thicker floor needs thicker pillar again, with the weight of guaranteeing that these pillars must be able to carry thicker floor at this moment.And each factor in these factors is all tended to increase construction time and cost and is reduced available space in the building.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is meant a kind of method that forms concrete floor in building, it comprises the following steps: a plurality of jack of shoring that are used to support first template are connected with a plurality of first pillars of this building, and shores this first template of jack upper support first.Thereby the height of adjusting first template then in the position that each of shoring first jack shored jack makes the top forming face of first template reach desired position; Again with concreting to the upper surface of this first template and allow it to solidify the scheduled time.Then this first template is taken away below concrete.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the lateral view of the built on stilts template between the pillar that the method that has adopted a first aspect of the present invention is supported on building;

Fig. 2 shows the top view of the built on stilts template between the pillar of building among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the lateral view of shoring jack of the built on stilts template that is used for supporting Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 show the built on stilts template that is used for supporting Fig. 1 another replacement shore jack;

Fig. 5 shows has the cross sectional view that two conical through-hole forming pins are contained in the pillar of building wherein;

Fig. 6 shows the lateral view of conical through-hole forming pin as shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 7 shows to have and shores the cross sectional view that jack supports anchoring piece installation building pillar within it;

Fig. 8 shows the phantom drawing that jack is installed anchoring piece of shoring among Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 shows the jack of shoring that is used for the bracing frame empty template and is installed to bearing and installing plate on the pillar;

Figure 10 shows the phantom drawing of shoring folder that is used for shoring on the bearing that jack is connected to Fig. 9;

Figure 11 shows the front elevation drawing of shoring jack on the bearing that is installed among Fig. 9;

Figure 12 shows the lateral view that bearing among Figure 11 is shored jack;

Figure 13 shows the lateral view of the template draw-off mechanism that combines with the method for the invention;

Figure 14 show the template draw-off mechanism with state that built on stilts template is connected under lateral view;

Figure 15 shows the template among Fig. 1, and bulkhead limits the outer periphery of the floor that will be built; And

Figure 16 shows the template that is used to form hang down beam or spandrel beam.

Describe in detail

As shown in Figure 1, the used built on stilts template 1 of the present invention comprises the truss 2 that supports upper surface 4, and a plurality of longerons 6 are installed on upper surface 4.Truss 2 is installed on the I type beam 8, and this I type beam 8 is seated in that a plurality of built on stilts templates are shored on the jack 10 and is supported by it, and this is shored jack and is installed on the pillar 12 of this building in the position of operation.

As shown in Figure 2, the width W of selected template 1 equates substantially with the spacing between the pillar 12, thereby is supported on when shoring on the jack 10 when built on stilts template, covered space between the pillar 12 basically by gluing together upper surface 4 that plate 16 constitutes.Precision between the spacing of the width W of template 1 and pillar 12 is equipped also help to guarantee template 1 be arranged to shore on the jack 10 after not from it under the landing.Veneer 16 is installed on a plurality of longerons 6, and these longerons 6 are installed in again on the nailed beam 17 successively, and this nailed beam 17 is bolted on the truss 2.Then a series of filling joists 14 are seated on the exposed parts of nailed beam 17, and elongation between adjacent template 1, and the filling tape 18 of veneer is installed on the filling joist 14, between template 1, to form continuous basically forming face.Adjust then and shore jack 10 upper surface of veneer 16 is in height alignd with veneer filling tape 18, and corresponding with the soffit (bottom surface) of the floor 19 of just being built.Thereby make concrete pouring surface monolithic molding.After the degree that can support himself weight has fully been built and be solidified to floor 19, template 1 is removed below floor 19.Skilled in the art will recognize that aforesaid operations just can have been finished when concrete approximately solidifies 65% to 75%, and the most suitable when concrete at least approximately solidifies 67%.

As shown in Figure 3, what the present invention was used first shores jack 10 and comprises the carriage 20 that contains keyhole 22, and this keyhole 22 is used for admitting therein anchoring bolt 52 when shoring jack and be anchored on the pillar 12.Each is shored jack 10 and abuts mutually with pillar 12 respectively when it is installed on the pillar 12, and has from the carriage 20 vertically extending support bar 26 that makes progress.Cap 28 is fixed in the corresponding recesses 30, and this groove 30 forms in the upper surface of support bar 26, is provided with pad 32 between cap 28 and groove 30.In addition, roller 34 is installed on the carriage 20, and roller 34 pivot centers extend perpendicular to the surface of pillar 12 substantially.Support bar 26 with receive threaded in shoring jack 10,10 ', therefore, along support bar 26 relative to shore jack 10,10 ' rotating of first direction makes support bar 26 and cap 28 rise with respect to shoring jack 10,10 ', and along the rotation of second direction support bar 26 and cap 28 descended.When support bar 26 is lowered to extreme lower position, cap 28 be positioned in roller 34 below, and template 1 is supported on the roller 34.As shown in Figure 4, the jack 10 ' of shoring of another replacement includes 2 rollers 34,34 ', template 1 can be reduced on this roller.Specifically, utilize 13, the 14 template haulage gears of describing in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, be reduced to extreme lower position by the whole support bars 26 with its upper support specific template 1, this template 1 just can go up to roll in respective rollers 34,34 ' leaves this shaping position.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, shoring jack 10,10 ' is installed on the pillar 12 by through hole 40, this through hole 40 forms in pillar 12 by cone pin 42, this pin 42 is preferably taper, and will sell 42 be placed on and shore jack 10, the 10 ' position that will connect before building pillar 12.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that if this pin 42 is made into as Fig. 5 and taper shown in Figure 6, break away from through hole 40 thereby order about this pin 42 by the smaller diameter end 44 of impacting pin 42 so, thereby make these pins 42 can be easy to from pillar 12, take out.Thereafter, be used for shore jack 10,10 ' be connected to grappling bolt 52 on the pillar 12 pass through hole 40 and with shore jack 10,10 ' and be connected.Alternative mode is, as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, maybe can not be received in when forming through hole in the pillar 12 when not allowing, the installation bracket 50 that can will shore jack when building pillar 12 is placed in these pillars; Like this, when pillar 12 solidified, carriage 50 is positioned in shored jack 10, the 10 ' position that will be mounted, and bolt receiving opening 54 is exposed to the outside of pillar 12.Certainly, those skilled in the art can understand bolt receiving opening 54 and can stretch out from the surface of pillar 12 or be recessed in the surface of pillar 12, as long as the hole is towards pillar 12 outer openings.Maybe can not be received in the pillar 12 when forming through hole when not allowing, can adopt above-mentioned these carriages 50.

Fig. 9 to 12 shows and is installed in the device that substitutes on the pillar 12 with

shoring jack

10,10 '.Specifically, installing plate 62 comprises 2 keyholes 64 and holds the slit 66 of carriage.When assembling carriage 60 with a kind of effective layout, carriage 60 slips over the slit 66 that holds carriage, thereby the end plate 68 of carriage is contacted with the rear surface of installing plate 62.In addition, anchoring bolt 52 extends through pillar 12 so that installing plate and carriage 60 are installed on the pillar 12.Thereafter, shim folder 70 by bolt hole 72 with shore jack 10 or 10 ' bolt is connected, and this assembly is slided on carriage 60 by the slit 74 that is formed on the shim folder 70, and engage one group of screw so that shim presss from both sides/shore jack assembly is locked on the appropriate location of carriage 60, simultaneously 78 in clip makes and shores jack 10 and remain on the upright position, and said modules is connected on the carriage 60.This set allows to shore the position that jack 10,10 ' is positioned at from pillar 12 1 preset distances.Those skilled in the art will know that these shim clip assemblies allow the user of built on stilts template can be according to the present invention, effectively, bearing support empty template safely, even also passable when the spacing between the pillar adjacent one another are changes.For example, shim folder 70 allows users will shore jack 10 to be installed in particular arrangement and to have on the pillar of recess with respect to other pillar, thereby making this shore jack 10 can further extend from the pillar that has recess, to align with the jack of shoring that jack 10 for example is directly installed on the pillar that does not have recess in this arrangement of shoring of other installation, I type beam 8 is suitably supported by above-mentioned whole jack 10 of shoring like this.

Figure 13 and Figure 14 show a kind of template draw-off mechanism 80, and this mechanism 80 is used to remove built on stilts template 1 when the concrete setting of aequum has been finished.Beginning all reduces all support bars 26 of

shoring jack

10,10`, till I type beam 8 places on the roller 34.Thereafter, template draw-off mechanism 80 is installed in an end 84 of floor 19 ' and tightly be positioned at the template 1 that will be removed below, anchor rod 82 is received within on this end 84.Mechanism 80 comprises that also extending to the support bar 86 of handle 88 and capstan winch 92 from anchor rod 82 is installed in joining of handle 88 and support bar 86.In addition, be separately installed with roller 90 in the end of support bar 86 and anchor rod 82.As shown in figure 14, in the running position, anchor rod 82 is fallen around the end 84 of floor 19 ', and wirerope 94 extends to the first end 1 ' of template 1 from capstan winch 92.Capstan winch 92 is regained wirerope 94 and is crossed roller 34 towards the direction of template draw-off mechanism 80 and pulls template 1 then.The second end 1 when template 1 " when being moved out of through the end of building, template 1 is connected with the crane (not shown) by wirerope 96, and template 1 just can be lifted and move to next desired position place like this.

Of course it is to be understood that the shape that can change template 1 to one skilled in the art, to obtain any desired shape that obtains of floor 19, perhaps, can place bulkhead along template 1, to limit any required periphery as described below with reference to Figure 15.For example, for the floor 19 that obtains the band bending neighboring, template 1 can be made the outward flange shaped portion with this curved outer circumference.In addition, if wish to build the floor (such as the ramp in garage parking) that has certain angle, this can place template 1 by the height of the various support bars 26 of simple adjustment and realize according to required angle.In addition, those skilled in the art should understand the floor that can build the band cantilever by the length that simple selection extends beyond the template 1 of lower floor's floor 19 ', perhaps whole template 1 can be suspended, for example by template 1 being seated on the I type beam 8 that hangs from the inside of another template 1, between the interior row of the outermost that this another piece template 1 is installed in pillar 12 a pair of or a row and pillar 12.

Template 1 shown in Figure 15 has the bulkhead 112 that is held in place by support 114; bulkhead 114 can extend along polylith template 1; thereby limit any required periphery of floor 19, and the remainder of template 1 can be used as walkway 116 by the protection fence of installing 118 around it.

Figure 16 shows the built on stilts template 100 that is designed to build vertical beam 102 or the outer joist of wall.This template 100 comprises being seated in shores on the jack 10 and by first girder steel 104 of its support, meanwhile second girder steel 106 is connected on the part upper surface of first girder steel 104 by an angle support 105.Specifically, first girder steel extends through the outer end 106 ' of second girder steel 106.The joist 108 of template 100 is seated in the upper surface of second girder steel 106 and extends through on the upper surface of part first girder steel 104 of end 106 ', to support plywood molding surface 110, and meanwhile, the first 110 ' that is positioned at the forming face 110 on the extension of first girder steel 104 in template 1 is lower than the second portion 110 of the forming face 110 that is supported by second girder steel 106 by preset distance ".Those skilled in the art can understand, and the first of forming face 110 ' is in forming face 110 " second portion on the distance that raises equal the thickness of beam 104 substantially.The bulkhead 112 of approximate vertical is at the second portion 110 of distance forming face 110 " the predetermined distance in one of end install, and bulkhead 112 and second portion 110 " the end between distance equate with the desired thickness of vertical beam or joist 102 substantially.As shown in figure 15, bulkhead can by the first 110 that is installed in forming face 110 ' on veneer wedge spare 114 (or the timber of dated size supports such as 2 * 4s), first 110 ' a part extend beyond veneer wedge spare 114 and form a walkway 116.Then can be in forming face 110 " first 110 ' the end protection fence 118 is set.

Those skilled in the art can understand, install with the process of removing built on stilts template 100 substantially with the installation of built on stilts template 1, to remove process identical, except when being in operating position support bar 26, template 110 must further extend, thereby when shifting out, template 110 is reduced to the second portion 110 that certain being enough to makes forming face 110 " amount of can go out to hang down clearly beam or 102 the bottom of hanging oneself from a beam (that is to say that the amount of reduction is than first, second part 110 ', 110 of forming face 110 " between vertical distance big).

The method of concrete floor formed according to the present invention at first forms and builds the basis of building, and preparation is used for the template of pillar 12 then, pin 42 is installed in each position of jack 10,10 ' will connect on pillar 12.Then build pillar 12, after pillar 12 is fixing, shifts out pin 42 and pass with anchoring bolt 52 that jack 10 will be shored in the hole that is stayed by

42,10` is anchored on the pillar 12.Height Adjustment with support bar 26 arrives required level height again.

Therebetween, with each built on stilts template 1 or 100 assemblings, for example be placed on the ground in parallel with each other by the I type beam 8 that two are holed in advance, truss 2 is placed on the I type beam 8 again, its anchor hole is in alignment with each other, with bolt truss 2 is fixed on the I type beam 8, and nailed beam 17 is fixed on the truss 2 with bolt.Then, longeron 16 nails on nailed beam 17, are followed closely veneer 16 on longeron 16 simultaneously, be raised in the template 1 or 100 that will assemble and be seated in the position of shoring on jack 10, the 10`.

Then, support bar 26 and cap 28 are readjusted accurate desired location place, and will fill joist 14 nails on the exposed parts of the nailed beam 17 of adjacent forms 1 or 100 by rotating adjustment screw 27.Afterwards,, simultaneously if necessary, then bulkhead 112 can be installed, after this stiffener, plumbing installation and electric power facility can be installed, and carry out fluid concrete filling tape 18 nails filling on the joist 14.

Then, form and build pillar 12 at the top of the floor 19 of cast recently again, then be provided with built on stilts template 1 or 100 and the process of cast floor 19 be recycled and reused for the last layer floor.After concrete setting fully, turn adjustment screw 27 with spanner support bar 26 is reduced till template 1,100 is seated on the roller 34.Then or will make somebody a mere figurehead template 1 or 100 and release buildings or pull out this built on stilts template with template draw-off mechanism 80, thereby and copper cable is connected between crane and the template 1,100 by system and template 1,100 risen to the following first floor plate place that will build, and is seated on the jack 10,10 ' of new installation.

It is not to mean qualification that above-mentioned specific embodiment has illustrative naturally.Can carry out many replacements, variation to this method, this will be tangible for a person skilled in the art.These variations are considered to be included among the instruction of the present invention, and after this its scope will be limited in the appended claims.

Claims

1. form the method for concrete floor in the building, its step comprises:

The a plurality of of supporting first template are shored on a plurality of first pillars that jack is connected to building;

Shore jack upper support first template first;

First shore on the jack height of adjusting first template at each, so that the last forming face arrival desired position of first template;

With concrete pouring on the last forming face of first template;

Make concrete setting arrive required degree; And

Reducing by first template in concrete setting later on to required degree removes it below concrete.

2. method according to claim 1, it is further comprising the steps of:

The a plurality of of supporting second template are shored on a plurality of second pillars that jack is connected to building;

Shore jack upper support second template second;

Second shore on the jack height of adjusting second template at each, so that the last forming face arrival desired position of second template;

Wherein concrete pouring is comprised concrete pouring on the last forming face of second template to the step on the last forming face of first template; And

Reducing by second template in concrete setting later on to required degree removes it below concrete.

3. method according to claim 2, wherein, a plurality of first pillars and a plurality of second pillar have at least one shared pillar, and in the time of on being bearing in first jack and second jack respectively, first template and second template are placed adjacent to each other, slit with the width of an about pillar separates therebetween, and this method comprises that also installing at least one fills tape and cross this slit, so that the roughly continuous surface of last forming face formation from the last forming face of first floor to second floor.

4. method according to claim 1, it is further comprising the steps of:

In order in template, to locate for first pillar, a plurality of cone pins are arranged on and first shore the corresponding position of the required anchor point of jack;

Give the pillar concreting;

After the concrete of pillar has been solidified to required degree, takes out cone pin, thereby form a plurality of holes that extend through pillar at above-mentioned anchor point place; And

Shoring jack bolt by the anchoring bolt that passes above-mentioned hole with first is connected on the pillar.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, described pin is made taper and with the bigger end of diameter that drives above-mentioned each pin it taken out by the less end of the diameter that clashes into each pin from the pillar of above-mentioned correspondence.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein, each is shored jack and comprises a template supporting surface and a kind of mechanism that the ascending, descending of template supporting surface can be arrived desired height.

7. method according to claim 6, wherein, each is shored jack and includes roller, and when each template supporting surface of shoring jack was lowered to the outflow location of template, above-mentioned template was seated on each roller.

8. method according to claim 7, wherein, the step that first template is removed below concrete is included in roller and first floor is rolled leave building.

9. method according to claim 6, wherein, first template be supported in first shore on the jack before, thereby adjust top formed the approximate desired location that arrives that each height of shoring the supporting surface of jack makes first template, and wherein after first template is shored jack supporting by first, first shore the step that the jack place adjusts the first template height at each again, can make the top forming face of first template reach described desired location more accurately and use above-mentioned steps.

10. method according to claim 1, it also includes the step of bulkhead is set around the predetermined portions of first template, the portion of external border that obtains in order to the expectation that limits described floor at least.

11. method according to claim 8 wherein, is carried out the step that first template rolls out from building by template roller actuation mechanism.

12. method according to claim 1, wherein, first template is only supported by pillar and can't help floor supporting below first template.

13. method according to claim 3 wherein, is applicable to that the above-mentioned steps of each piece in first, second template is reused with at least three templates, so complete floor can be formed by the single cast of concrete.

14. method according to claim 1 wherein, when the cantilever floor is built in hope, can select the length of first template to extend beyond the outward flange of the floor that below will be formed by above-mentioned first floor at this floor of next-door neighbour.

15. method according to claim 1, wherein, the last forming face of first template comprises first and second parts, and above-mentioned first is higher than second portion.

16. method according to claim 1, wherein, concrete required coagulation grade arrives between 65% to 75% solidify.

17. method according to claim 16, wherein, concrete required coagulation grade is solidifying of maintenance 67% at least approximately.

18. a method that forms horizontal surface in tier building, it comprises step:

Form in the above-mentioned building to the small part vertical support;

Be connected on the above-mentioned pillar being at least a plurality of supporting members that a horizontal shuttering provides support;

At at least one horizontal shuttering of above-mentioned support member upper support;

The concrete of cast scheduled volume on the upper surface of above-mentioned template is in order to form the concrete surface of level.