CN1352586A - Method and apparatus for checking cutting tools - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for checking cutting tools Download PDFInfo
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- CN1352586A CN1352586A CN00808108A CN00808108A CN1352586A CN 1352586 A CN1352586 A CN 1352586A CN 00808108 A CN00808108 A CN 00808108A CN 00808108 A CN00808108 A CN 00808108A CN 1352586 A CN1352586 A CN 1352586A
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- vibration
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- machining
- abnormal state
- cutting element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0971—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring mechanical vibrations of parts of the machine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0078—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise
- B23Q11/0092—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise actuating braking or stopping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
A device for checking a cutting tool comprises a vibration sensor (17) for detecting vibrations of a machining center (1) operating with a cutting tool (70); a peak detector (22) for periodically counting the number of peaks exceeding a predetermined value in the vibrations detected by the sensor (17); a comparator (23) for comparing the number of peaks detected by the peak detector (22) with a predetermined threshold and producing a comparison signal when the number of detected peaks exceeds the predetermined threshold; an interrupter (24) for sending an interrupt signal to a controller (13) of the machining center (1) in response to the comparison signal from the comparator (23); and a wireless unit (25) for telling the operator to replace the cutting tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detect the devices and methods therefor of the cutting tools of cutting machines.
Background technology
In the past, in manufacturing processes such as metal pattern, be to use machining tool (center) that workpiece is carried out machining.As shown in Figure 1, lathe 1 has base 2, is provided with column 3 on the vertical direction of the rear end of this base 2, and the vertical direction of the front surface of this column 3 is extended with 2 parallel different rails 4, installing main tapping 5 on the guide rail 4, this main tapping 5 can be guided in Z-direction and move back and forth.Linking drive unit (not shown) on the main tapping 5, drive shaft 5 is carried out moving back and forth of Z-direction.
Be provided with main shaft 6 on main tapping 5, on this main shaft 6 cutting element 70 be installed releasably, main shaft 6 can be driven by motor 8 high speeds or the rotation of low speed ground that are installed in main tapping 5 tops.
In addition, at the upper surface of base 2,2 closed slides 9 that horizontal direction (Y direction) is extended are set, installing saddle 10 on it, it is bootable to move back and forth along Y direction, the upper surface of saddle 10 be equiped with can comfortable rotating placement processing work W workbench 11.The 15th, movable workbench mechanism, the reciprocating workbench 11 that makes simultaneously rotates on saddle 10 along Y direction driving workbench 11.
Change part 16 in the configuration tool of the left side of main spindle box 6, as shown in Figure 2, this tool changing spare 16 have the tool box 161 that can hold a plurality of cutting elements 71 and be configured in tool box 161 with main shaft 6 between tool changing usefulness arm 162.
Operating personnel are by changing instruction to input unit 12 input tools, tool changing spare 16 promptly begins to change action, the cutting element of installing on the main shaft 6 70 just with tool box 161 on the cutting element 71 of accommodating exchange.
When using aforesaid lathe 1 to carry out the machining of metal pattern etc., usual way be as day disclosure invention communique flat 8-243827 number put down in writing, cutting element is moved along Z-direction, depth direction incision to processing work W, simultaneously, the cutting element along continuous straight runs is moved and carry out machining.
But the life-span of cutting element is influenced by hardness of cutting workpiece etc., is roughly 1 hour to 4 hours, blade one wearing and tearing of cutting element, machining load increases, and cutting power descends, the error of machining accuracy will be produced, the high machining of the good efficient of precision can not be carried out.Therefore, workman's work in-process can only watched the carrying out of machining aside attentively, and the limit is changed the new machining of carrying out with cutting element under suitable situation.
Thereby, the operator does nothing except changing cutting element, only monitor machining, work efficiency can deteriorate significantly, and owing to only rely on the replacing that operating personnel's subjective judgement decides instrument, will be with different the irregular of tool changing period that form of operator, the workman who particularly lacks experience is the tool changing that still can use, so just can not effectively utilize instrument, even such situation is also arranged, owing to do not note, cutting element is not loaded onto cutting processing machine, just begin to process, be actually under the state of not processing and begun processing action.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of operating personnel's of raising operating efficiency, the cutting tools checkout gear that cutting element is effectively used.
Summary of the invention
Cutting tools checkout gear of the present invention is to drive cutting element workpiece is carried out in the cutting processing machine of machining under the control of control device, and it has: the vibration detection means that detect the vibration of following the machining generation; The vibration that detects according to these vibration detection means changes, and detects the abnormal state detection means of the abnormality of cutting element; When this abnormal state detection means detection has abnormality, send the halt instruction means that stop to process instruction to described control device; When this abnormal state detection means detection has abnormality, report the report means of abnormality to operating personnel.
In addition, cutting tools checkout gear of the present invention is to drive cutting element workpiece is carried out in the cutting processing machine of machining under the control of control device, and it has: the vibration detection means that detect the vibration of following the machining generation; The vibration that detects according to these vibration detection means changes the abnormal state detection means that detect the cutting tools state; When having abnormality, this abnormal state detection means detection sends the halt instruction means that stop to process instruction to described control device; When having abnormality, this abnormal state detection means detection sends the instrument exchange instruction means that cutting element is changed instruction.
In concrete formation, described vibration detection means have the counting means of above-mentioned vibration amplitude in the certain hour being carried out the periodicity counting above the peak value frequency of setting value.Described abnormal state detection means have: peak value frequency and setting threshold that described counting means meter is got compare, when the peak value frequency surpasses predetermined threshold, and the comparison judging means of described halt instruction means instruction output halt instruction.
In other concrete formations, the vibration detection means have carries out the periodically integral of pulse shape means of integration to the described vibrational waveform that takes place in the certain hour, described abnormal state detection means have the standard deviation calculation means of standard deviation of the integrated value that calculating obtains from described integral of pulse shape means and the standard deviation that these standard deviation calculation means are obtained and predetermined threshold relatively, when standard deviation is bigger than threshold value to the comparison judging means of described halt instruction means instruction output halt instruction.
In other concrete formations, described abnormal state detection means have that amplitude to the described vibration that takes place in the regular period changes the frequency resolution means that impose periodic frequency resolution in time and the analytic value that obtains with these frequency resolution means has when changing more than the scheduled volume than just often analytic value, to the comparison judging means of described halt instruction means instruction output halt instruction.
Have, cutting tools checkout gear of the present invention has: the time of the vibration amplitude that detects according to described vibration detection means changes, and extracts the information of the cutting state information of cutting elements such as process time, actual cut time, cutting number of times out and extracts means out; The time of the vibration amplitude that detects to the information that extracted by this information extraction means and/or by described vibration detection means changes the demonstration means that show.
Cutting tools checkout gear of the present invention also has: the monitoring means of monitoring cutting processing machine action and with cutting processing machine and the interconnective network of monitoring means; The described demonstration means of configuration on this monitoring means send vibration that information that described information extraction means extract and/or described vibration detection means detect by this network to monitoring means and change and show on the demonstration means.
A kind of cutting tools detection method that drives under control device control in cutting element carries out machining to processing work the cutting processing machine of the present invention, this method comprise the steps: to detect the vibration detection step of following the vibration that machining produces; The vibration that detects according to this vibration detection step changes the abnormal state detection step that detects the cutting tool abnormality; When this abnormal state detection step detects abnormality, send the halt instruction step that stops the machining instruction to described control device; When this abnormal state detection step is examined to such an extent that operating personnel are informed during abnormality the reporting step of cutting tools state.
The cutting tool method for detecting abnormality that drives under control device control in cutting element carries out machining to workpiece the cutting processing machine of the present invention comprises the steps: to detect the vibration detection step of following the vibration that machining takes place; The vibration that detects according to this vibration detection step changes, and detects the state-detection step of cutting tools state; When this abnormal state detection step detects abnormality, send the halt instruction step that stops the machining instruction to described control device; After stopping machining by this halt instruction step, send the tool changing step of changing the cutting element instruction; Behind this cutting element replacing step replacing cutting element, send the processing that restarts the machining instruction to described control device and reopen step.
In concrete formation, aforementioned vibration detection step has the counting step that the amplitude of described vibration is within a certain period of time counted above the peak value frequency of setting value; Described abnormal state detection step has the peak value frequency that described counting step is detected and the threshold ratio that sets and when the peak value frequency surpasses predetermined threshold, exports the comparison determining step of halt instruction by described halt instruction step instruction.
In other the concrete formation, described vibration detection step has is undertaken periodically to certain hour by the described vibrational waveform that takes place that integral of pulse shape step, the described abnormal state detection step of integration have: the standard deviation calculation step of calculating the standard deviation of the integrated value that described integral of pulse shape step obtains; Standard deviation and predetermined threshold that this standard deviation calculation step is calculated compare, when standard deviation is bigger than predetermined threshold, by the comparison determining step of described halt instruction step instruction output halt instruction.
Have, in other the concrete formation, described abnormal state detection step has again: the time to the amplitude of the described vibration that takes place in the certain hour changes the frequency resolution step that applies periodic frequency resolution; When the analytic value that is obtained by this frequency resolution step has variation more than the scheduled volume than the analytic value that normally obtains, the comparison determining step of described halt instruction step instruction output halt instruction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a lathe profile stereogram.
Fig. 2 is installed in the tool changing spare on the lathe and the stereogram of main shaft.
Fig. 3 is the instrument process is changed in expression with tool changing spare a stereogram.
Fig. 4 is the control block diagram of cutting tools checkout gear.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of expression the present invention action.
Fig. 6 is a cutting element illustration side view.
Fig. 7 is the front elevation of this cutting element.
The detection signal diagrammatic sketch of vibration detecting sensor when Fig. 8 is the cutting beginning.
Fig. 9 is the detection signal diagrammatic sketch of vibration detecting sensor in the cutting element wear process.
Figure 10 is the control block diagram of the cutting tools checkout gear of the 2nd embodiment.
Figure 11 is a cutting element vibration detecting sensor detection signal diagrammatic sketch just often.
Vibration detecting sensor detection signal diagrammatic sketch when Figure 12 is cutting tools.
Figure 13 is the main action flow chart of cutting tools checkout gear shown in Figure 10.
Figure 14 is the control block diagram of the cutting tools checkout gear of the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 15 is the main action flow chart of cutting tools checkout gear shown in Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the expression cutting element curve map of the frequency resolution value of the detection signal of vibration detecting sensor just often.
The curve map of the frequency resolution value of vibration detecting sensor detection signal when Figure 17 is the expression cutting tools.
Figure 18 is the control block diagram of the cutting tools checkout gear of the 4th embodiment.
Figure 19 is the control block diagram of the cutting tools checkout gear of the 5th embodiment.
Figure 20 be Figure 19 the flow chart that mainly moves of cutting tools checkout gear.
The specific embodiment
Below, the concrete structure of the cutting tools checkout gear of cutting processing machine of the present invention is explained.In addition, since identical as the lathe of this cutting processing machine with existing product structure, omission is described, but, for example slotting cutter, vertical grinding tool, plain milling cutter etc. can be installed as cutting element.
The 1st embodiment
Among Fig. 4, vibration detecting sensor 17 detects the vibration of cutting element 70, promptly detect the vibration that cutting element 70 takes place when cutting workpiece W, preamplifier 18 amplifies the detection signal of vibration detecting sensor 17, wave filter 19 is from removing noise contribution through preamplifier 18 amplifying signals, only extract the signal of expression cutting element 70 vibrations, promptly only extract the time-varying signal of vibration.A/D variator 20 is transformed into data signal to the output signal of wave filter 19 from analog signal, and 21 pairs of data signals through A/D converter 20 of signal processing controls portion apply predetermined process described later.
Aforementioned infield vibration detecting sensor 17 is arranged on any one in base 2, saddle 10 and the workbench 11, as long as be configured near the cutting element, can allow the vibration of the vibration that is used for driving the motor that cutting element rotates and other machineries detected with the vibration of sending at an easy rate from cutting element, make superimposed noise in the vibration that is detected, thereby can not expect the improvement of precision.If but vibration detecting sensor 17 is configured near the cutting element, then obtain big detection signal easily, set the place and also can not cause operating personnel's trouble, therefore,, can be configured in cutting element to sensing element nearby if take certain antinoise countermeasure.
Aforesaid signal processing controls portion 21 has: carry out the periodically peak value test section 22 of counting to producing number of times from the peak value that surpasses predetermined value in the input signal of A/D converter 20 in the certain hour; The count value that this peak value test section 22 is detected and use 70 predetermined threshold value of cutting element to compare is when the comparing section 23 of count value output comparison signal during greater than predetermined threshold; According to the comparison signal of this comparing section 23 outputs, stop portion 24 to the operation of the control device 13 output action stop signals of lathe 1; According to the comparison signal of comparing section 23, the information of needs being changed cutting element 70 sends to the wireless calling portion 25 of the pager 26 that operating personnel carry by internet or telephone line.In addition, signal processing controls portion 21 also receives processing commencing signal and the process finishing signal that the control device 13 of lathe 1 sends.
Like this, form cutting tools checkout gear of the present invention by described vibration detecting sensor 17, preamplifier 18, wave filter 19, A/D converter 20 and signal processing controls portion 21.In addition, form the means of reporting of the present invention by wireless calling portion 25 and pager 26.Also have, this cutting tools checkout gear all is configured in closely being close to of control device 13 except that vibration detecting sensor 17.
Following according to Fig. 5, to action one explanation of described cutting tools detection device.At first, rapidoprint (workpiece) is placed on the workbench 11 of lathe 1,, sets the processing action program to control device 13 inputs from input unit 12 then at step S2 in step 1.At this moment employed cutting element also gives setting, has set and the corresponding threshold value of setting of cutting element in comparing section 23.At step S3, operation starting button (not shown) makes lathe begin to process operation.At step S4, whether cutting process ended judge.Specifically, judge whether signal processing controls portion 21 receives the processing end signal from the control device 13 of lathe 1.Be judged as end of a period as this step, then be transferred to step S13, cutting element 70 resets, and cutting processing machine is shut down, and machining is finished.If be just to begin now, then shift to step S5 from step S4.Detect vibration at step S5 with vibration detecting sensor 17, thus obtained detection signal carries out the A/D conversion after filtering, thereby obtains data signal.
Infer easily, the vibration that takes place in the process of cutting element 70 machining part W, the quantity of the cutting blade 27 that forms on the rotating speed of its frequency and cutting element 70 and the cutting element 70 is proportional.Therefore at the step S6 of Fig. 5, detect the peak value that the cycle produces in the detection signal that step S5 obtain by peak value test section 22.Promptly detect along with workpiece W contacts with cutting edge 27 and the peak value of the vibration that takes place.
Specifically, peak value test section 22 will be compared with predetermined level from the signal of A/D converter 22 outputs, extract the peak value that surpasses predetermined level, the peak value that counting extracts in the given time.When just changing cutting element 70, as shown in Figure 8, the peak value that surpasses the signal level of predetermined level takes place with roughly the same interval, and the number of times that takes place of peak value is less in the given time.Yet along with the disappearance of time, the cutting edge of cutting element 70 weares and teares thereafter, and peak signal just irregularly takes place as shown in Figure 9, and frequency increases in the given time.This is because constantly advance with cutting element 70 processing work W processes, and the cutting edge 27 of cutting element 70 is owing to slowly get breach with the impact of workpiece W, and it is difficult that the propelling of machining becomes, so cutting element 70 produces irregular dither.Can judge it is the degree of wear increase of cutting element when in the present invention, the number of times of peak value generation increases like this.
In the step S7 of Fig. 5, the peak value frequency threshold ratio of detected peak value frequency of step S6 and step S2 setting, its result, be judged as the peak value frequency when being no more than threshold value, return step S4, be judged as the peak value frequency up to step S7 and surpass threshold value, step S4 circulates repeatedly to step S7.
When being judged as the peak value frequency at step S7 when surpassing threshold value, when promptly recording as shown in Figure 9 state, flow process shifts to step S8.At step S8, comparing section 23 output comparison signals.At step S9, operation stops the comparison signal of the 24 receiving step S8 of portion, to lathe 1 output stop signal.At step S10, the comparison signal of receiving step S8, wireless calling portion 25 sends wireless signal to the pager that operating personnel carry, and the call operation personnel get in touch so that carry out the replacing of cutting element.Change the cutting element of lathe 1 the called operating personnel of step S11,, lathe 1 is restarted, restart to process operation then at step S12.
Above-mentioned program from step S5 to step S12 constantly circulation carries out making the judgement that the processing operation is finished up to step S4.When step S4 made the judgement of processing operation end of a period, flow process was transferred to step S13, stops action.
Utilize the cutting tools checkout gear of the invention described above, owing to can detect the wearing and tearing of cutting element, can prevent to change the cutting element that still can use, thereby can realize effective use of cutting element, in addition, cutting element is changed before damage, therefore can be prevented that workpiece from being damaged by the cutting element of breakage.And operating personnel also there is no need to stare in that lathe 1 is other always and operate, and can be engaged in other operations betwixt, therefore can increase work efficiency.And then, even just do not begin processing because operating personnel do not note not loading onto on the lathe 1 cutting element 70, vibration detecting sensor 17 can not detect vibration, signal processing part just is judged to be unusually, just the same with the situation that detects cutting element 70 wearing and tearing, comparing section 23 stops portion 24 and wireless calling portion 25 output comparison signals to operation, just can obtain the prompting of " can not process ".
Moreover, can consider that also the level that utilizes vibration detecting sensor to detect detects the method for cutting element wearing and tearing and damage, but this method be subjected to easily other machines the influence of foeign elements such as vibration, easily produce corresponding error, or the present invention's peak value number of times of detecting the vibration of being sent by cutting element like that changes this method and comes effectively.
The 2nd embodiment
Below, the 2nd embodiment is described.
Present embodiment is paid close attention to as shown in figure 11, just often the vibrational waveform integrated value that takes place in the certain hour does not change in time, and as shown in figure 12, when the wearing and tearing of cutting element increase, the integrated value of the vibrational waveform that takes place in the certain hour changes in time, detects this and changes the abnormality that just can detect cutting element.
Among above-mentioned first embodiment, signal processing controls portion 21 is provided with the peak value test section 22 that detects the vibration peak frequency, the signal processing controls portion 21 of present embodiment, as shown in figure 10, has the integral of pulse shape portion 27 that the vibrational waveform that vibration detecting sensor 17 is detected by each setting-up time carries out integration.
In addition, be provided with in signal processing controls portion 21 integrated value of calculating integral of pulse shape portion 27 gained standard deviation standard deviation calculation portion 28 and this standard deviation calculation portion standard deviation of calculating and the threshold value that sets made comparisons the comparison means 29 of output comparison signal when surpassing the threshold value of regulation as standard deviation.
According to Figure 13 an explanation is done in the action of above-mentioned cutting tools checkout gear, Figure 13 only represents the different step of action with the 1st embodiment shown in Figure 5, step S6 among Fig. 5 and step S7 in Figure 13 by generation with step S14, S15 and S16.
Promptly, in step S14, press each scheduled time integration by 27 pairs of vibrational waveforms that detect by vibration detecting sensor of integral of pulse shape portion, at step S15, according to a plurality of integrated values that step S14 calculates, the standard deviation of calculating integrated value by standard deviation calculation means 28.At step S16, will make comparisons by step S15 mark rate deviation of calculating and the threshold value that sets, whether the criterion deviation surpasses predetermined threshold.
When being judged as "Yes" as step S16, then program forwards step S8 to, as when being judged as "No", then forwards step S4 to.
In the present embodiment, along with the wearing and tearing increase of cutting element, as shown in figure 12, when the integrated value of setting internal vibration in period waveform produced big change, described mark rate deviation had surpassed predetermined threshold, thereby detects the wearing and tearing of cutting element.
In addition, above-mentioned predetermined threshold value, as shown in figure 11, the mark rate deviation of its integral of pulse shape value is set at suitable size under the state that does not take place as yet to wear and tear according to cutting element.
The 3rd embodiment
Below the 3rd embodiment is described.
Notice at present embodiment, if vibrational waveform is carried out frequency resolution, as shown in figure 16, under the normal condition, fundamental component by the quantity decision of the rotating speed of cutting element 70 and cutting edge 27 is compared with other frequency component, and for inundatory big, and abnormal conditions are as shown in figure 17 next, fundamental component does not almost have difference with other frequency components, detects this variation and just detects the unusual of cutting element yet.
As shown in figure 14, the signal processing controls portion 21 of present embodiment has: to carrying out frequency resolution by the vibrational waveform that detects with vibration detecting sensor 17, for example apply the frequency resolution portion 30 of Fourier analysis, analytic value that will be obtained by this frequency resolution portion 30 and the analytic value under the predefined normal condition are made comparisons, when being judged as above the variation more than the ormal weight, the comparing section 31 of output comparison signal.
The following action that above-mentioned cutting tools checkout gear is described according to Figure 15.The different action step of operation of represented the 1st embodiment among expression and Fig. 5 only among Figure 15, step S17 that carries out among Figure 15 and step S18 replace step S6, the S7 among Fig. 5, also have in the present embodiment, the step S4 of Fig. 5 sets the frequency resolution value (threshold value Z) under the normal condition as initial value.
At step S17, the vibrational waveform that detects with vibration detecting sensor 17 is carried out frequency resolution by frequency resolution portion 30 to it as shown in figure 15.To make comparisons in the analytic value of step S17 gained and the analytic value of predefined normal condition at step S18, judge whether to occur surpassing the variation of scheduled volume, for example whether the analytic value of fundamental frequency shown in Figure 16 (power) X is littler than the threshold value Z of the analytic value decision of pressing normal condition among Figure 17.
Then when step S18 is judged as "Yes", algorithm branches at step S8, as be judged as "No", then algorithm branches at step S4.
In the present embodiment because the wearing and tearing of cutting element increase, occur Figure 17 like that the fundamental frequency analytic value be little than threshold value Z, promptly detected the wearing and tearing of cutting element.
The 4th embodiment
Below the 4th embodiment is described.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 18, abnormal detector has: be located in the signal processing controls portion 21, change according to time of vibration, extract the information extraction portion 32 of cutting state information of the cutting element of process time, actual cut time, cutting number of times etc.; Be arranged on the 1st display part 33 that is used to show the information that above-mentioned information extraction portion 32 extracts in the lathe 1; Be located at the monitoring means 34 that monitor the action of lathe 1 in the place of leaving lathe 1; Be located on this monitoring means 34, show the 2nd display part 35 of getting the information that extracting part 32 extracted by above-mentioned information.
And network such as the in-house network that the control device 13 of lathe 1, signal processing controls portion 21 and monitoring means 34 can be by companies or internet interconnects.
In the above-mentioned cutting tools checkout gear, the vibrational waveform that information extraction portion 32 detects according to vibration detecting sensor 17, the cutting state information of cutting elements such as extraction such as process time, actual cut time, cutting number of times, by network, can also show to the 1st display part 33 of lathe 1 and the 2nd display part 35 transmission information of monitoring means 34.
Thus, the staff who monitors on operating personnel that lathe 1 closely is close to and monitoring means a long way off 34 does not again need to depend on like that the cutting sound of listening attentively to machinery in the past or observes the state that smear metal change in color etc. monitors machining, consequently, anybody monitors the equal monitoring result that can obtain unanimity, and right judgement is provided when giving maintenance of equipment.
The 5th embodiment
The 5th embodiment is described.
In the present embodiment, the manual replacing that relies on the communication of sending from wireless calling portion 25 to carry out cutting element among aforesaid each embodiment replaced carry out the automatic replacing of cutting element with tool changing spare 16 shown in Figure 19.
The action of the cutting tools checkout gear of present embodiment describes with reference to Figure 20, among Figure 20 represented only limit to the 1st embodiment that is shown in Fig. 5 in the action step of different operations, the step S19 among Figure 20, step S20 and step S21 replace step S10, step S11, the step S12 among Fig. 5.
At step S19, receive stop signal from step S9, control device 13 is passed to tool changing spare 16 with the tool changing command signal.At step S20, receive instrument exchange instruction signal from step S19, driven tool is changed part 161, and cutting element 71 exchanges that make the cutting element 70 adorned on the main shaft 6 and tool box 161 accommodate.
Specifically, at first allow the tool changing among Fig. 2 descend with arm 162, when breach 170,171 equal heights of arrival and cutting element 70,71, stop to descend then, press the rotation of direction shown in the arrow A among the figure simultaneously, tool changing is embedded in the breach 170 of cutting element 70 with the hook portion 163 of arm 162, simultaneously, tool changing embeds in the breach 171 of cutting element 71 with the hook portion 164 of arm 162.
Then, make tool changing descend with arm 162, when cutting element 70 was thrown off from main shaft 6, cutting element 71 is 161 disengagings from the tool box, become state as shown in Figure 3.
Then, rise after making tool changing with arm 162 Rotate 180 degree again, when making cutting element 70 be housed in the tool box 161, cutting element 71 is packed on the main shaft 6, then tool changing is revolved by arrow B direction among the figure with arm 162 and turn 90 degrees, take this to allow tool changing throw off from the breach 170 of cutting element 70 with the hook portion 163 of arm 162, allow tool changing throw off from the breach 171 of cutting element 71 simultaneously with the hook portion 164 of arm 162, make tool changing rise then with arm 162, like this, change release.
At the step S21 of Figure 20, reopen signal from tool changing spare 16 to control part 13 input operations, lathe 1 restarts the processing operation is restarted.Flow process changes step S4 over to then, proceeds to process operation.
According to above-mentioned cutting tools checkout gear, in a single day the wearing and tearing of cutting element detect, needn't wait for that operating personnel's replacing instruction just can automatically carry out the replacing of cutting element, because the processing operation can carry out continuously, so operating personnel needn't will arrive by the lathe when the replacing cutting element.As a result, can further improve the operating efficiency of lathe, can also improve operating personnel's operating efficiency.
Have again, in the present embodiment, the cutting element that the manual exchange of carrying out diverter tool according to the communication of wireless calling portion 25 is used tool changing spare change automatically replace, but can adopt in such a way, wireless calling 25 promptly is set, when adopting tool changing spare to carry out the automatic replacing of cutting element, wireless calling portion 25 also gets in touch to operating personnel.
The tool box in addition, when wireless calling portion 25 is set, can constitute, just in case when not having cutting element to be replaced, can be got in touch by wireless calling portion 25 and operating personnel.In this case, operating personnel know the pipeline time of suitable cutting element, and therefore, in a single day the tool box does not have and can the machine tooling operation be stopped work, or use the unlikely generations of having used of above-mentioned situation such as cutting element, the operating efficiency of lathe is improved more.
Claims (16)
1, drive cutting element under the control of control device and workpiece is carried out in the cutting processing machine of machining, its a kind of cutting tools checkout gear is characterized in that it comprises:
The vibration detection means of the vibration of machining generation are followed in detection;
The variation of the vibration that detects according to described detection means detects the abnormal state detection means of the abnormality of cutting element;
When described abnormal state detection means detect abnormality, send the halt instruction means of machining halt instruction to described control device;
When described abnormal state detection means detect abnormality, report the means of reporting of cutting abnormality to operating personnel.
2, cutting tools checkout gear as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described means of reporting comprise: with the wireless calling means of the used transmission wireless signal of radio call operating personnel; The reception means of the radio signal that the described wireless calling means of the reception that operating personnel carry are sent.
3, drive cutting element under the control of control device and workpiece is carried out in the cutting processing machine of machining, a kind of cutting tools checkout gear is characterized in that it comprises:
Detection is followed machining and the vibration detection means of the vibration that takes place;
The variation of the vibration that detects according to described detection means detects the abnormal state detection means of cutting tools state;
When described abnormal state detection means detect abnormality, send the halt instruction means of machining halt instruction to described control device;
When described abnormal state detection means detect abnormality, send the tool changing instruction means of changing the cutting element instruction.
As arbitrary described cutting tools checkout gear in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that 4, described vibration detection means when being arranged on machining, should be provided with in the workpiece setting portion of workpiece.
As arbitrary described cutting tools checkout gear in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that 5, described vibration detection means have carries out the periodically counting means of counting to the peak value frequency that surpasses setting value in the described vibration amplitude in the certain hour; Described abnormal state detection means have, the peak value frequency of described counting means counting with predetermined threshold is made comparisons and instruct described halt instruction means to export the comparison judging means of halt instruction during above predetermined threshold when the peak value frequency.
As arbitrary described cutting tools checkout gear in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that 6, described vibration detection means have the vibrational waveform that will take place in the certain hour and carry out the periodically integral of pulse shape means of integration; Described abnormal state detection means have; Calculate described integral of pulse shape means obtain integrated value mark rate deviation the standard deviation calculation means and will make comparisons with predetermined threshold and when standard deviation is bigger than predetermined threshold, instruct the comparison judging means of described halt instruction means output halt instruction from the mark difference deviation that described standard deviation calculation means obtain.
7, as arbitrary described cutting tools checkout gear in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described abnormal state detection means have: the described vibration that takes place in the certain hour is shaken to change in time carry out the frequency resolution means that period frequency is analyzed; When the analytic value ratio analytic value just often of described frequency resolution means gained has above the variation more than the scheduled volume, instruct described halt instruction means to export the comparison judging means of halt instruction.
8, as arbitrary described cutting tools detection means in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, comprise that also the vibration that detects according to the described vibration detection means spoke that shakes changes in time, extract information extraction means such as cutting state information such as process time, actual cut time, cutting number of times; Show the information of described information extraction means extraction and/or the time dependent demonstration means of vibration amplitude that described vibration detection means detect.
9, cutting tools checkout gear as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises: the monitoring means of monitoring cutting processing machine action and with cutting processing machine, the interconnected network of monitoring unit; Described demonstration means are configured on the monitoring means, show that by this network information that is extracted by described information extraction means and/or the vibration amplitude that is detected by described vibration detection means change in time.
10, a kind of cutting tools detection method that drives under the control of control device in cutting element carries out machining to workpiece the cutting processing machine is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
Detection is followed machining and the vibration detection step of the vibration that takes place;
The vibration that detects according to described vibration detection step changes, and detects the abnormal state detection step of cutting tools state;
When described abnormal state detection step detects abnormality, the halt instruction step that stops to described control device instruction machining;
When described abnormal state detection step detects abnormality, report the step of reporting of cutting element abnormal state to operating personnel.
11, cutting tools detection method as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that the described step of reporting has: for the call operation person sends the wireless calling step of radio signal and receives the receiving step of the radio signal that described wireless calling step sends.
12, a kind of cutting tools detection method that drives under the control of control device in cutting element carries out machining to workpiece the cutting processing machine is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
Detection is followed machining and the vibration detection step of the vibration that takes place;
The vibration that detects according to described vibration detection step changes, and detects the abnormal state detection step of cutting tools state;
When described abnormal state detection step examine during abnormality, the halt instruction step that stops to described control device instruction machining;
After described halt instruction step stopped machining, instruction was changed the cutting element of cutting element and is changed the instruction step;
After described cutting element replacing step is changed cutting element, reopen step to the processing that described control device instruction restarts machining.
As arbitrary described cutting tools detection method in the claim 10 to 12, it is characterized in that 13, described vibration detection step is that the vibration detection means that should be provided with when being installed in machining in the workpiece setting portion of workpiece are carried out.
As arbitrary described cutting tools detection method in the claim 10 to 13, it is characterized in that 14, described vibration detection step comprises the counting step that the peak value frequency that surpasses predetermined value in the described vibration amplitude in the certain hour is counted; Described abnormal state detection step comprises that the peak value frequency that described counting step is detected is compared with predetermined threshold value and when the peak value frequency surpassed predetermined threshold, the comparison determining step of the halt instruction of described halt instruction step was exported in instruction.
As arbitrary described cutting tools detection method in the claim 10 to 13, it is characterized in that 15, described vibration detection step has carries out the periodically integral of pulse shape step of integration to the described vibrational waveform that takes place in the regular period; Described abnormal state detection step has: calculate the integrated value that described integral of pulse shape step obtains standard deviation the standard deviation calculation step and the standard deviation that this standard deviation calculation step is calculated made comparisons with predetermined threshold and the comparison determining step of the halt instruction of the described halt instruction step of instruction output when standard deviation is bigger than predetermined threshold.
16, as arbitrary described cutting tools detection method in the claim 10 to 13, it is characterized in that described abnormal state detection step comprises; The described vibration amplitude that takes place in regular period is changed in time the frequency resolution step of carrying out the period frequency analysis; When the analytic value that obtains in described frequency resolution step and gained analytic value just often are in a ratio of variation more than the scheduled volume, the comparison determining step of the halt instruction of the described halt instruction step of instruction output.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP148354/99 | 1999-05-27 | ||
| JP14835499 | 1999-05-27 | ||
| JP2000089665 | 2000-03-28 | ||
| JP89665/00 | 2000-03-28 | ||
| JP106594/00 | 2000-04-07 | ||
| JP2000106594 | 2000-04-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1352586A true CN1352586A (en) | 2002-06-05 |
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ID=27319546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00808108A Pending CN1352586A (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-24 | Method and apparatus for checking cutting tools |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100449601B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1352586A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW490357B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000073018A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100449601B1 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
| KR20020016801A (en) | 2002-03-06 |
| WO2000073018A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
| TW490357B (en) | 2002-06-11 |
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