CN1352525A - Method for reinforcing the growth of crops and ornamental plants against unwanted fungal attack in the above-ground region of the plants - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing the growth of crops and ornamental plants against unwanted fungal attack in the above-ground region of the plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN1352525A CN1352525A CN00806726A CN00806726A CN1352525A CN 1352525 A CN1352525 A CN 1352525A CN 00806726 A CN00806726 A CN 00806726A CN 00806726 A CN00806726 A CN 00806726A CN 1352525 A CN1352525 A CN 1352525A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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Abstract
The invention relates to multi-component mixtures for the preventative and/or intensive reinforcement of crops and/or ornamental plants against attack by pathogens, especially pathogenic fungi, but also against other harmful factors such as drought stress or mechanical stresses such as hail. The mixtures of valuable substances are applied to the above-ground part of the plant in an aqueous preparation and contain the following: (a) ecologically compatible oil-in-water-type wetting agents; (b) water-soluble and/or water-swellable and plant-available compounds of silicon with (c) lipophilic saturated and/or olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals with organic compounds that have a fat structure and are both aerobically and anaerobically decomposable. Preferred forms of embodiment use additional components (d), which are compounds containing P and/or N and having lipophilic radicals. The invention also relates to the use of the multi-component mixtures for preventative and/or intensive plant reinforcement against harmful factors, especially for combating and/or defending plants against fungal attacks by applying homogenised aqueous preparations of the mixture of active agents of components consisting of (a), (b) and (c) to the above-ground part of the plant, preferably in conjunction with simultaneous and/or deferred application of the component(s) (d).
Description
The spray agent that contains high concentration silicon is used for biological farming and avoids the blade disease with protective plant by preventative; About this point, referring to for example book Allgemeiner Pflanzenbau[GeneralCrop Production of Heyland publication], Verlag Eugen Ulmer, the 7th edition, the 384th page.These preparations provide duplicate protection.Because the high pH of conventional spray agent, the spore of fungi can not make self settles down on the blade.And some silicon are absorbed and enter plant tissue via blade.This brings higher mechanical strength, and the stronger repellence to the fungal spore that infiltrates is provided.Suggestion uses accompany wetting agent such as plant protection soap of aqueous spray mixture together so that promote the moistening of the processed part of plant.Yet spray agent can not and can be become problem by the reality that rainfall or irrigation water wash out attached to the sufficiently long time of blade surface.
Early the theme of formerly non--disclosed patent application DE19830889.2-its disclosure be incorporated herein in the following disclosed theme of the present invention-this theme be have the opposing plant be subjected to the plant of pathogenic fungus and/or the invasion and attack of autochthonal insect-reinforcements and/or plant-disinfective action with the O/W type alkyl polysaccharide glycoside surfactant compounds that can tolerate on the aqueous compositions of fatty alcohol and/or aliphatic acid and rudimentary polyfunctional alcohol's partial ester mixture and the ecology-be also referred to as APG compound-as the application of mixture of useful materials. This instruction of application early provides two kinds of administration forms of above-mentioned mixture of useful materials; And these two kinds of forms also can mutually combine:on the one hand, introduce this mixture in soil and/or be administered to the acrial part of plant with the form of aqueous compositions.The result of the method resists particularly plant pathogenic fungi unexpectedly to the plant-reinforcement and/or the plant-disinfective action of the invasion and attack of plant.Yet link to each other with plant root and can promote the fungal population in mycorhiza district of plant growing and the fungal population of original place growth not to affect adversely.
Alkyl glycoside application as active component control pest in the composition of protection useful plants and ornamental plants has been described in the instruction of EP0230598.APG compound described herein especially also comprises proper A PG ethoxylate, and form that can aqueous spray mixture is applied to the acrial part of plant.Available material is an APG composition as above, and they and from insecticide, fungicide, virucide, acaricidal other active substances, also have from the composition of plant promotion aspect or the composition of material.In this respect, that can mention is this addition result who not only produces individual effect, and produces the collaborative effect that strengthens.
Technology training centre hereinafter described of the present invention based on prerequisite be with original known about the technology of handling the plant shoot divisional processing with as above-mentioned early apply for disclosed among the EP19830889.2, control and/or defend the water soluble of fungus-caused plant pathogenic invasion and attack and/or can in water, combine by the silicon compound of swelling in particular for strengthening composition with plant.In addition, that instruction of the present invention also attempts to develop another of this application people company application is early formerly non--openly apply for the composition of DE19748884.6 theme, this application will go through after a while hereinafter.
Subject matter
Therefore, in the first embodiment, the present invention relates to multicomponent mixture, be used for by the mixture of this utility is administered to acrial part preventative and/or therapeutic reinforcement useful plants and/or the ornamental plants opposing pathogene of plant with the form of aqueous compositions, especially the invasion and attack of disease fungus, and resist other illeffectss such as drought stress or mechanical stress such as hail, described mixture comprises:
The O/W type wetting agent that (a) can tolerate on the ecology
(b) water soluble or can be in water swelling, be the available silicon compound of plant simultaneously, with
(c) have the lipophilic of lipid structure saturated and/or the undersaturated hydrocarbon part of olefinic, be can aerobic and the organic compound of anaerobic degradation simultaneously.
The multicomponent mixture of the above-mentioned type is described and used to the preferred embodiment of the present invention's instruction, and this mixture also comprises phosphorus and/or nitrogenous compound as composition (d), and described compound has lipophilic portion at least to a certain extent.
Another embodiment of instruction of the present invention relates to the preventative and/or therapeutic fortification of plants opposing illeffects of above-mentioned multicomponent mixture, particularly control and/or defend the purposes of fungal attack, this purposes is by using the homogenizing aqueous compositions of component (a) and (b) and (c) mixture of active principles to the acrial part of plant, preferred combination simultaneously and/or staggeredly use that component (d) realizes.
The detailed description of summary of the invention
According to the present invention from the accumulation results of fortification of plants and the combination results of protecting its active substance of resisting plant pathogenic fungi colony field or utility unforeseen expection good effect from prior art openly.Let us is summarized in a capsule: as the theme of quoting be promote beneficial microbe group growth early apply for developing among the EP19830889.2, the defense function of siliceous aqueous spray preparation is maintained, but is subjected to being used for the support and the promotion of the diverse mechanism of the pathogenic fungus colony on control example such as the blade surface simultaneously.Described microorganism growth process in fact also is present in blade surface.Be administered to utility that plant shoot divides or the lipophilic portion of mixture of useful materials produces optimal allocation and long-term adhesion in conjunction with used surface-active APG composition according to the present invention.Therefore the silicon composition can keep the longer time in the plant surface zone at least to a certain extent, and makes it avoid excessive early stage leaching (early leaching).Even yet can not stop this leaching of inorganic silicon composition soluble in water fully, but clearly in the active material admixture used of the present invention the effect of silica-based composition be directly and fast.Because therefore the invasion and attack of plant pathogenic fungi any micropopulation that produce and that existed is weakened at least to basic degree.Organic group composition in the utility composition of the present invention that continues to adhere to can be brought into play its plant-strengthen function now day by day and reduce the function of harmful substance effect.
Before the single utility of more specifically discussing in the inventive method, let us is summarized above-mentioned morning but the instruction of formerly non--disclosed application DE19748884.6 in a capsule.Though its principle is mainly based on promoting, control and guaranteeing that microorganism is in soil, thereby with the growth in rhizosphere, instruction of the present invention also adopts wherein said principle to be used for above-mentioned multicomponent mixture of useful materials is administered to the extexine of the acrial part plant of plant.
This instruction of application is early arranged by two universals: the compound that will comprise selected hydrocarbon part and also can be introduced in the soil with macronutrient and/or the micronutrient of plant when needing as the carrier of the additive carbon of microbiologic population's growth and phosphorous and nitrogen together.Simultaneously, planning these growth preparations of auxiliary agents and its type of service makes them can disperse and be introduced in the rhizosphere of matrix best in the root district.This instruction of application early comprises that adding contains the aqueous compositions of following ingredients:
The O/W type wetting agent that can tolerate on-the ecology and
-as the growth of microbial population organic compound with additive carbon, this compound contain the lipophilic of lipid structure saturated and/or the undersaturated hydrocarbon part of olefinic, and can aerobic and anaerobic degradation,
In conjunction with while and/or staggered the adding
-contain lipophilic portion and preferred oil-soluble phosphorus and/or nitrogenous compound at least to a certain degree and contain the carrier of other plant growth in addition when needing with macronutrient and/or micronutrient.
On the one hand, the new technology instruction of discussing now propose will be water-soluble and/or can be in water swelling and simultaneously for plant can with silicon compound unconditionally follow composition (a) and (c) use together.On the other hand, follow a kind of preferred but non-unconfined method of phosphorus with lipophilic portion at least to a certain degree and/or nitrogenous compound-ingredient d of the present invention-be of using.As decisive key element, instruction of the present invention provide organophilic composition (c) in conjunction with the ecological O/W type wetting agent (a) of going up tolerance with water-soluble and/or can be in water swelling and be the composition of the silicon compound (b) that can use of plant simultaneously.
As for be fit to water-soluble and/or can be in water swelling, the composition of the silicon compound that can use for plant simultaneously can be with reference to common professional knowledge.Only be concise and to the point general introduction below:
The water-soluble silicon compound that is fit to specifically is an alkali silicate, wherein preferably is also referred to as the sodium silicate and/or the silicon potash fertilizer of waterglass.The silica gel of alkali metal silicate and Ludox and generation also is fit to because according to the related art of soil melioration known they can be used for promoting plant growing.Water-soluble silicate compound, especially the chemical identification of sodium and/or KP1 has been found in for example publication of H.Weldes, industry and engineering chemistry, the 61st volume, the 4th phase, 1969, the 29th page of following pages, " performance of soluble silicate ", the 31st page Table III and IV in the particularly above-mentioned quoted passage.In this publication, find details, particularly " sodium silicate and potassium silicate solution " part of 35-38 page or leaf in above-mentioned quoted passage about the solvability of described sodium and/or KP1.Of the present invention open for improving, especially the technical information of these lists of references is introduced theme of the present invention now.
Yet additionally be provided for stable according to the present invention and promote the silicon composition in the inorganic source that the silicon of plant growing is not limited to mention so far.Known selected plant can increase the silicone content that this plant shoot divides.Example is small British nettle and/or Hippurisvulgaris (mare ' s tail).Therefore instruction of the present invention provides and uses except that the inorganic silicon source or plant resource silicon source that the plant that suits in replacement inorganic silicon source can be used, the material that is fit to specifically is residue and/or the extract of above-mentioned group of plant, this material such as the present invention instructed also can be applied on the plant.
Before other utility components and the mixed ratio between each component in multicomponent mixture used according to the present invention is discussed, following content must clearly be described: according to the present invention's many composition of matter of the above-mentioned type preferably, its form with the homogenizing aqueous concentrates exists in the preparation.Specifically, these are ultra-fine water-bearing organic suspension, have continuous water and finely divided organic facies.These concentrates can be by with the dilution of big water gaging or mixedly be prepared into the required Spray Mixing thing of practical application, and simple application in known manner.To the selection of each single component (a) to (d) with and concentration in multicomponent mixture by considering and being that the desirable effect of practical application is determined.At first be suitable for following general introduction:
Select the type and the quantity of silicon composition (b) in the mode that the undesirable secondary adverse effect that is for example caused by too high basicity of practical application does not take place.On the other hand, say that exactly sodium soluble in water and/or KP1 type silicon compound are to be used to control the reagent of the plant pathogenic fungi on the blade surface and to be confirmed in practice, above-claimed cpd is generally used with the form of the aqueous spray mixture of about 0.1 weight % silicon compound concentration undoubtedly.
In preferred embodiments, the mode of selecting organic principle, particularly composition (a) and (c) be make plant according to its use of the present invention outer surface fully by lipophilic (c) and (d) cover mutually, this is that the present invention expects.This is under application temperature or at least in limited period, for example ought be exposed to and guarantee under the solar rays that oil phase launches important prerequisite fully, and specifically be by selecting suitable material or composition of matter to realize.
About according to the present invention with alkaline components (a), (c) and definition (d) and the explanation of using, repeating to mention but formerly non--DE19748884 early that announces in existing explanation, also suitable at this in principle.Now especially the disclosure of this patent application is early introduced in the theme disclosed by the invention.Yet, for improving, following content is described with the method for summarizing about technical information with multicomponent mixture used according to the invention:
About (a) " the O/W type wetting agent that can tolerate on the ecology "
Wetting agent described herein or surfactant specifically belong to anion surfactant and/or nonionic surfactants.Important prerequisite be they be ecological go up can tolerate and so particularly can biological degradation fully in matrix.Can surfactant compounds quick and abundant biodegradable nonionic surface active agent class be the preferred type of auxiliary substance described herein.
The example of suitable anion surfactant is soap and biodegradable alkyl sulfate, particularly fatty alcohol sulfate salt.Based on the surfactant of a small amount of or petrochemical that can insufficient degraded, for example alkylbenzenesulfonate or alkyl ether sulfate are not too suitable.Suitable representative is the partial ester of phosphoric acid and fatty alcohol, and specially suitable is partial ester with straight-chain fatty alcohol, so carbon atom preferred natural origin and that even number is arranged.The suitable ester of short chain fatty alcohol, what for example contain 6-10 carbon atom in the fatty alcohol molecule is the example that is fit to.Yet long fatty alcohol residue is arranged, and for example the alkylphosphonate of 12-24 carbon atom is also suitable in principle.Corresponding fatty alcohol ether phosphate is suitable equally, but not too preferred.
Belong to (a) class material and according to the present invention be particularly preferred biodegradable surfactant be at least mainly be non-ion characteristic described compound, preferably at least mainly originate from natural materials and preferred HLB value in addition in the 10-18 scope.
Especially preferably use at least to a certain extent according to the present invention and particularly at least mainly use alkyl (oligomeric) glucoside compound, the alkyl residue of this compound is mainly derived from straight-chain fatty alcohol at least.This compounds is also referred to as APG composition or APG compound at present, is the surface-active auxiliary agent that wide range of application is arranged.Have multiple factor very important to its present plant-scale practical application: well-known, APG base wetting agent can be fully based on natural materials.They can be by reactions such as fatty alcohol and glucose, glucose oligosaccharides, or shorten chain length simultaneously with polyglucoside such as starch reaction and obtain with product, obtain the product of general formula R-O-(G) x, wherein R represents uncle, that be preferably straight chain and at least 6 carbon atoms is arranged, preferred 8-24 carbon atom, especially the aliphatic hydrocarbyl part of 8-18 carbon atom, G represents to contain the monosaccharide unit of 5-6 carbon atom, preferred glucose.Oligomeric degree x-and DP value thus, the distribution of this value representation monoglycosides and oligoglycosides-of the present invention generally be value between the 1-10 in surfactant-based, for example in the scope of about 1.2-5, preferably in the scope of about 1.2-4, especially in the 1.2-2 scope.Can be with reference to about the preparation of described type APG compound and the professional knowledge widely and the publication of composition; For example, publish Weinheim, 1997 by VCH-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH referring to the book " alkyl polyglucoside " of Hill etc.
About (c) " organic compound that contains the lipophilic hydrocarbon part of lipid structure "
The key property of these supplementary elements (c) is that they all are can be by the parameter of Natural Degradation process aerobic and anaerobic degradation.According to the present invention, the essential carbon source of organic nutrition growth is the lipophilic hydrocarbon part in this composition (c) of being present in lipid structure, therefore has the energy supply C-H base of higher concentration.As mentioned above, these hydrocarbon parts with lipid structure can be saturated and/or be that olefinic is undersaturated at least to a certain extent.What hereinafter will discuss may be to be a cofactor at this about further considering of constituting of this composition materialization.
Preferred composition (c) is the organic compound that can tolerate on biological, and this compound oil-soluble also contains the natural fat residue of at least 6 carbon atoms, particularly at least 8 carbon atoms.The preferred suitable composition that uses based on straight-chain hydrocarbons part or hydrocarbon compound.At least mainly the suitable composition based on natural materials is a particular importance.
The representative of the particular importance of material described herein (c) class is at least to a certain extent by the functionalized suitable hydrocarbon compound of oxygen heteroatom.The representative instance of this type composition is fatty alcohol and/or fatty acid or derivatives thereof and/or salt.Suitable fatty alcohol or derivative of fatty acid are its ester, ether and/or acid amides.For purposes of the invention, fatty alcohol and fatty acid and simple function and/or polyfunctional alcohol's ester particular importance.When using the polyfunctional alcohol, the term fatty acid ester expands full ester and partial ester to.In the time of suitably, any synergy that therefore quadratic effect and hope are present in the whole system determines which kind of concrete composition is preferred representative in various concrete cases.Relevant information among the DE19701127 only gives reference in the mode of example at this:
In general, surfactant based aqueous compositions and particularly suitable moisture APG-base wetting aid are to distinguish by the high foaming capacity of these APG-base non-ionic surface active agent auxiliary agents.This obviously is disadvantageous to the applied field of the present invention.Therefore extra task is to use so-called defoamer or defoaming agent that this is remedied by following.
Fatty alcohol, polyfunctional alcohol's partial ester, the glycerine of particularly rudimentary multifunctional fatty alcohol-for example-and fatty acid and especially their mixture can finish this task.Yet they are the carbon source that the present invention wishes to be used to stimulate and strengthen growth of microorganism simultaneously, so they are the best representatives of composition of the present invention (c).
Yet, moisture APG concentrate with can cause forming gel based on alcohol and/or based on fatty acid and the polyalcohol especially mixture of the partial ester of glycerine, this gel no longer can be densified to flowable state.Yet,, for example add limited amount ethanol and/or glycerine and also can make mobile and the pourability recovery even in room temperature range, in being densified to gluey utility concentrate, add limited amount rudimentary list-and/or polyfunctional alcohol.
Therefore in preferred embodiments, determine that the utility or the mixture of useful materials that are used as composition (c) in the concrete case will consider that not only this composition can be as the optimum carbon source of growth of microorganism, also to consider the influence of secondary effect such as the bubble behavior of hanging down into of moisture multicomponent mixture, the lipotropic component that comprises aqueous phase and O/W type wetting agent multicomponent mixture homogenizing, with the applicability on the volume water dilution meaning with subsequently by pouring into and/or spraying and use.These aspects were discussed in above-mentioned DE19701127 especially.Of the present invention open for improving, Zi Teyi also introduces the theme of the disclosure of the present invention open.
Importantly, select flow point at least to a certain extent to be equal to or less than 25-30 ℃, especially be equal to or less than 10-15 ℃ this composition (c) especially for fault-free ground application of water based mixtures and in the expansion of plant surface.The example of suitable component is the undersaturated C of the olefinic of natural origin
12-24-fatty alcohol, particularly main at least C
16/18-fatty alcohol, its two keys of alkene and freezing range with height is equal to or less than 20 ℃, preferably is equal to or less than 10-15 ℃.The multicomponent mixture that is preferred for this composition of the present invention (c) be fatty alcohol and saturated, particularly be the undersaturated fatty acid of olefinic at least to a certain extent and the mixture of the polyfunctional alcohol's who contains 2-6 carbon atom, an especially 3-5 carbon atom partial ester.Particularly, the glycerol partial ester of the fatty acid of natural origin is an important component for the mixture that contains suitable fatty alcohol, preferred in one embodiment mixture is about equivalent fatty alcohol and fatty acid partial ester, or contains the suitable mixture based on the partial ester of fatty alcohol several times the amount.The suitable mixture of fatty alcohol and fatty acid glycerine partial ester is for example about 1: 1-1: 10, preferred 1: 1-1: 5, especially about 1: 1-1: 3 weight part ratios.Yet, as previously mentioned, also can use this fatty acid partial ester separately as composition (c).In addition, preferred suitable representative is the material of flow point in above-mentioned scope.Other preferred compositions (c) are soaps for example, and biodegradable alkyl sulfate, particularly fatty alcohol sulfate salt.Especially preferably use soap.Described soap generally is a known compound, in the scope of present technique instruction, especially preferably contains the potash soap of the fatty acid of individual and preferred 8-14 the carbon atom of 6-18.
About (d) " phosphorus and/or the nitrogenous compound that contain lipophilic portion at least to a certain degree "
Instruction of the present invention proposes preferably to follow utility or the mixture of useful materials that uses the phosphorous and/or nitrogen of selecting in addition.The composition that can be used as these two kinds one-tenth fractional bearers is the preferred representative of this type of material.
The application of this utility (d) is subjected to used utility (c) and ecological influence of going up the wetting agent effect of tolerance simultaneously.Yet, staggered introduce these utility compositions (d) or will described staggered introducing with introduce the composition (a) and (b) simultaneously and also be fine with (c) combining.
The embodiment of a particular importance of the present invention provides uses oil-soluble phosphorus and/or nitrogenous compound as the composition (d) that contains lipophilic portion at least to a certain degree.Therefore the particularly preferred representative of these auxiliary agents is the important representative as these compositions (d) of the described phosphatide of DE4437313 and/or its derivative.Now especially the disclosed theme of this DE4437313 is also introduced in the theme of disclosure of invention instruction, therefore hereinafter only lay special stress on some essential characteristics.This printed publication has been emphasized the effect to the microbe soil flora of the phosphatide that adds, and organic compound that exists in soil and vegetable remains thing more promptly degraded, and causing has proved this point in the fact of increase of edaphon.Instruction of the present invention preferably provides lipophilic and flowable composition (c) carbon source as growth of microorganism in addition.According to instruction of the present invention, the lipophilic portion of the hydro carbons in the lipophilic portion of composition (d) and the carbon source (c) is associated.This causes mobilizing exactly and strengthening in unforeseeable mode the microbial strains of these different populations that can promote the health plant growth.
The preferred component that belongs to (d) class utility is phosphoric acid and monobasic-and/or the ester of polyalcohol, in its molecular structure lipophilic portion is arranged.Especially the corresponding partial ester of phosphoric acid also is fit to, in the case generally with its form use of (partial) salt partially.
Therefore, the phosphate that is fit to this purpose is the partial ester of fatty alcohol, and this compound is partly introduced required lipophilic portion in the phosphate molecule by the hydrocarbon of fatty alcohol.Specifically, the material that is specially adapted to this purpose is the partial ester that phosphoric acid and straight-chain fatty alcohol form, and this compound preferably uses C at least basically
6-10-fatty alcohol and/or its rudimentary ethoxylate preparation.Yet the phosphate that contains the higher aliphatic of 12-24 carbon atom for example in principle also is suitable for, and suitable in addition olefinic unsaturated fatty alcohol residue is in this also particular importance.
Yet the particularly preferred phosphate that belongs to (d) group utility is phosphatide and phospholipid derivative.Known these materials are the amphiprotic substances that obtain in plant or zooblast.According to instruction of the present invention, preferred phosphatide is the suitable compound of plant resource, or the phospholipid derivative that obtains thus.The particularly preferred representative of this (d) class material is a glycerophosphatide, generally is also referred to as lecithin.Neurolemma ammonia phosphatide not too preferably.Known and available material is diacyl phosphatide, phosphatid ylcholine, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl phosphoglycerol ester, diphosphatidylglycerol, N-acylphosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidic acid.Preferably monoacyl phosphatide, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, hemolytic phosphatidyl inositol, hemolytic phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidyl glycerol, lysophosphatidyl glycerol phosphate, haemolysis diphosphatidylglycerol, haemolysis-N-acylphosphatidyl ethanolamine and lysophosphatidic acid.The commercially available phosphatidyl glycerol ester that is called plant or animal sources lecithin and cephalin is industrially to obtain in a large number.These preparations obtain in as maize germ or cottonseed oil or soya-bean oil from for example oil.Belong to (d) group and be that preferred composition can be can be by the glycerophosphatide of enzymatic hydrolysis (lecithin of enzymatic hydrolysis) according to the present invention, and, make this compound have stronger hydrophily owing to removed fatty acid ester.Have only those products of losing its phosphoric acid residue by enzymatic hydrolysis by except.
Preferred composition (d) is the lecithin of lecithin, hydrolyzed lecithin product and/or chemical modification.These compounds also can use with other nitrogen containing components are mixed, preferred especially urea of described other nitrogen containing components and/or urea derivative.Other examples of described supplementary element are amino alcohol such as monoethanolamine and related compound.
In preferred embodiments, the quantity of instruction proposition composition of the present invention (c) should adapt to the quantity of the phosphorus that adds by composition (d).For growth of microorganism provides weight ratio that the used amount in source (c) of carbon should make C: P at least at about 5-10: in 1 the scope, preferably at least about 20-25: 1, above-mentioned weight ratio is the phosphorus of introducing based on via composition (d).Yet guarantee higher C in fact: the embodiment of P ratio is preferred.Therefore, important lower limit is 40: 1, preferably at least 50: in 1 the scope.In general, more substantial carbon source also is fine, so C: the P weight ratio is about 100: 1 to 500: 1 or even surpass this numerical value also in the scope of the present invention's instruction at the most.Therefore scattering the carbon source that growth of microorganism can reach best is achieved described stimulation of theme of the present invention and support organic nutrition growth of microorganism.
And (d) and follow in the preferred embodiment of mixture of useful materials of composition (c) of use about composition (a), the quantity of each composition in the design mixture is so that the weight ratio of the P that obtains: N: C is in about 1: 10: 10 to 1: 10: 100 at least scope.
On the one hand, about composition (a), (c) and employing quantity (d), about the employing quantity of siliceous composition (b), general rule is to compare with other compositions or its mixture on the other hand, composition (b) yet-at present based on its silicone content-consumption less.Preferably the silicone content in the mixture of useful materials that will be administered to plant surface is quite low, for example than the first power of composition (a), (c) and mixture (d) low about at least 10-still based on silicon.
What be preferred for putting into practice is water-reducible spray composite, wherein each component content of this paper discussion be about as much as following quantitative range (with percentage by weight represent and based on used Spray Mixing thing):
Wetting agent (a), particularly APG:
0.01-0.1 weight %, preferred amount is in about 0.05 weight % scope.
Calculate the content of silicon in the used composition (b): about 0.001-0.1 weight %Si, preferred amount is in about 0.002-0.05 weight %Si scope.
For example, if use KP1 as siliceous composition, so in the preferred Spray Mixing thing of the present invention the content of corresponding KP1 in about 0.02-0.5 weight % scope.
Be defined as the carbon source of (c) class utility:
0.05-0.2 weight %, preferred 0.08-0.15 weight %.
Typical case and the preferred lecithin of representing as composition (d):
0.04-0.8 weight %.
In another embodiment, instruction of the present invention proposes with while and/or staggered mode the above-mentioned multicomponent mixture of the present invention to be used with other particularly synthetic plant protection products.Preferably combine with the fungicide that is fit to.Yet; found a fundamental in the instruction of the present invention in preferred additional instruction herein: when the bactericide that the mixture of utility of the present invention and conventional plant protection reagent is particularly suitable was mixed, the consumption of these conventional ingredients had reduced basically.Therefore, can follow the consumption of the synthetic plant protection composition that is used to put into practice can maximum only be the 50-75% of conventional amount used, or the actual 20-30% that is to the maximum when suitable.
What will mention especially is a kind of significant additional useful component that can follow use in this article herein.These utility compositions have chitin and/or chitan structure, and these compounds can be that those have polymer architecture, but specially suitable compound has oligomer structure.
Use at least mainly is the cultivation of multicomponent mixture of useful materials and the processing useful plants and the ornamental plants of organic origin, not only promote plant growing, and the health of enhancement plant, with respect to pathogene, especially from fungal disease, the pathogene in bacteriosis and/or virus disease field, follow to use to have chitin and/or chitan structure and have the described utility component of oligomer and/or polymer architecture simultaneously, in conjunction with simultaneously and/or the staggered surfactant component that belongs to above-mentioned (a) group of using the present invention's definition and mentioned component (c)-contain saturated and/or ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons part while of the lipophilic of lipid structure can aerobic and the organic compound of anaerobic degradation be the theme of applying for DE19849253.7 morning of the application company.Now especially disclosure of this application is early introduced in other embodiments open of the technology of the present invention instruction discussed herein.Especially can be with reference to this application early about use chitin/the take off details of acetyl-radical derivative prior art in the plant protection field.Hereinafter only be brief summary:
Known according to relevant prior art by following the derivative that uses chitin and chitin base, especially chitan, the essence that can obtain agriculture field is improved, and this is especially proved by increasing output on the other hand on the one hand by improving the plant health situation.But the paper " CHITIN WORLD " of reference example such as Zbigniew S.Karnicki etc. in numerous documents, WirtschaftsverlagNW, Verlag f ü r neue Wissenschaft GmbH, D, Bremerhaven, 1994.For example can with reference to paper " NEW APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN INAGRICULTURE " the 246-254 page or leaf of Henryk Pospieszny etc. and wherein institute's quoted passage offer.The publication " Application of Chitin and Chitosan " that can edit with reference to M.F.A.Goosen also, Technomic PublishingCompany Inc.Lancaster, the U.S., the 8th chapter, the other guide of Donald Freepons " Enhancing FoodProduction with Chitosan Seed-Coating Technology " and same list of references: the 1st chapter, people's such as Q.Li " Application and Properties of Chitosan "; The 2nd chapter, " the Applications of Chitin and Chitosan in the Ecologicaland Environmental Fields " of Shigehiro Hirano, and Chapter 11, people's such as Henryk Struszczyk " NewApplications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Plant Protection ".At last, can be with reference to people's such as Lee A.Hadwiger paper " CHITOSAN; A NATURAL REGULATOR INPLANT-FUNGAL PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; INCREASES CROPYIELDS ", Academic Press Inc., 1984, from 291 pages of following pages, " BiotechnologyAnnual Review Volume 2 ", publication content among the Elsevier Science B.V.1996, in the above-mentioned quoted passage SHIGEHIRO HIRANO " Chitin biotechnology applications ", the 237-258 page or leaf.
The chitin or derivatives thereof that proof belongs to natural materials offered in this paper institute quoted passage; especially the chitan that obtains by deacetylation has significant activity in growing process; this be its with form of oligomer still with the form of polymer all to pathogene, especially the pathogene in fungal disease, bacteriosis and/or virus disease field has remarkable activity.
If when also using in the time of with chitin and/or especially chitan and composition (a) and (b), (c) and suitably with (d) is mixed, in all cases, its consumption is based at least 0.05% of anhydrous multicomponent mixture weight, particularly 0.1-1% at least.Importantly even so a spot of chitin-or chitan-based component therefore also can influence the growth of life process, particularly sanatory microbial flora in soil and the plant basically and promote plant growing and the growth that suppresses insect.
In another embodiment of the present invention's instruction, can additionally in above-mentioned multicomponent mixture, add the additive of plant reinforcement aspect.As properties example, can be with reference to the antioxidant of following environment for use to tolerate, particularly from the antioxidant of vitamin e and/or ascorbic acid and derivative thereof.The active principle of known these additives by inference be these antioxidants also-as above-mentioned chitin-or chitan-based additive-play effect of so-called " inducing agent ", the immune system of described inducing agent energy stimulating plant self strengthens the dysgenic resistance to processing plant like this thus.In relevant prior art, but reference example such as DE4437945A1, this patent has been described plant reinforcing agent, contains vitamin E in the carrier, surfactant and other formulation auxiliary agents suitably the time, and described carrier is applicable to and is administered on the plant and based on a kind of special aqueous solvent system.In addition, can follow the antioxidant that uses the plant-less toxicity effect, described material specifically is vitamin C and/or carotenoid.Can design the embodiment of water-based emulsions of the above-mentioned main component of activity with above-mentioned extra enhancing according to instruction of the present invention.
Embodiment
Plant stress cause overstepping the limit of physiology course.Even in described plant generation obvious impairment symptom (for example wilting, downright bad, yellow) before, taken place departing from of eubolism.Directly or indirectly participate in any variation that stress all relate to the chlorophyll fluorescence emission of photosynthetic process.Various stressors to the influence of plant by studies have shown that in a large number by fluorescence measurement.These stress comprise multiple factor such as low temperature and high temperature, ozone, lack of water, sulphur dioxide, weed killer herbicide, surfactant (as the example of abiotic stress) or plant pathogenic fungi (as biology stress example).
Therefore, have to help to lower and stress or increase plant the measure of the resistance of abiotic or biological factor is applied to become more and more important aspect the plant protection in the application study that with application study, particularly has an ecological tendency.
Method:
The big bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris) of 10 ages in days are selected immigration to be had in the cultivating container of cultivated soil and sand, and is used as the KP1 solution spray that contains surfactant that plant is strengthened composition.
For this reason, use down the KP1 of number of columns (in the bracket: pure silicon):
0.02％(0.002％)
0.1％(0.01％)
0.5％(0.05％)
Expose after 7 days, use the 0.3mmol/l paraquat as abiotic stress source (=experiment A part) or gray botrytis (10
6Spore/leaf) handles the nascent blade of plant as biological stressor (=experiment B part).
In the A part of experiment, use the stressor paraquat to measure chlorophyll fluorescence after 4,24 and 48 hours.In the B part of experiment, use stressor grape spore to measure chlorophyll fluorescence after 24,48,72 and 120 hours.
All measurements are all used under the at room temperature unglazed condition of fluorescence photometer and are carried out.As (for example: (1) Koch measuring chlorophyll fluorescence adapting on dark 30 minutes the plant as described in the technical literature, C., G.Noga, G.Strittmatter (1994): the specific interactional commitment of cultivar/genus between potato and phytophthora infestan, the transmission of photosynthesis electronics is subjected to differently influencing, Planta 193:551-557; (2) Schmitz, M., G.Noga (1998): alpha-tocopherol reduces environmental stress and improves fruit quality; ActaHort.466:89-94, ISHS 1998)).
The result:
A part: paraquat
Intensity of fluorescence is regarded as measuring of plant resistance, and promptly fluorescence is strong more, and plant is healthy and strong more/health.As expected, the fluorescence of the plant of having handled with the stressor paraquat is weaker than the fluorescence of the plant that is not exposed to this stressor.The fluorescence of the plant of handling with the trier KP1 significantly be better than stress after the fluorescence of plant.KP1 (the 0.2-5.0g/m of all test doses
2) draw good fluorescent value as stress not contrasting equally.
Table 1: use selected plant reinforcing agent to carry out blade and handle, and handled back 7 days with plant reinforcing agent, it is to the influence of the corresponding chlorophyll fluorescence of Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); N=8.
| Variable | ???4h | ???24h | ???48h |
| Contrast | ???0.62 | ???0.63 | ???0.60 |
| Paraquat | ???0.43 | ???0.54 | ???0.51 |
| KP1 0.2g/m 2 | ???0.60 | ???0.59 | ???0.60 |
| KP1 1.0g/m 2 | ???0.56 | ???0.60 | ???0.60 |
| KP1 5.0g/m 2 | ???0.58 | ???0.61 | ???0.62 |
B part: grape spore
Intensity of fluorescence is regarded as measuring of plant resistance, and promptly fluorescence is strong more, and plant is healthy and strong more/health.As expected, the fluorescence of the plant of having handled with biological stressor gray botrytis is weaker than the fluorescence of the plant that is not exposed to this stressor.The fluorescence of the plant of handling with the trier KP1 significantly is better than the plant (table 2) that stressor is handled.
Table 2: use selected plant reinforcing agent to carry out blade and handle, and handled back 7 days with plant reinforcing agent, it is to the influence of the corresponding chlorophyll fluorescence of Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); N=8.
| Variable | ???24h | ???48h | ???72h | ???120h |
| Contrast | ???2.1 | ???20.5 | ???2.09 | ???1.75 |
| Paraquat | ???1.81 | ???1.60 | ???1.50 | ???1.06 |
| KP1 0.2g/m 2 | ???1.90 | ???1.73 | ???1.62 | ???1.54 |
| KP1 1.0g/m 2 | ???1.90 | ???1.61 | ???1.60 | ???1.59 |
| KP1 5.0g/m 2 | ???1.85 | ???1.72 | ???1.74 | ???1.41 |
Table 3:
| Embodiment number | KP1 (concentration 30wt.%) | Based on C 8-14The potash soap of fatty acid (concentration 40wt.%) | ??C 8-10Alkyl-1.5-glucoside (concentration 30wt.%) | Two glycerine | Lecithin (freeze-drying) |
| ??1 | ?????66g | ????????17g | ?????????17g | ||
| ??2 | ?????44g | ????????22g | ?????????34g | ||
| ??3 | ?????34g | ????????16g | ?????????50g | ||
| ??4 | ?????73g | ????????7g | ?????????15g * | ??4.5g | ????0.5g |
| ??5 | ?????98g | ????????-- | ?????????0.5g * | ??0.45g | ????0.05g |
*The APG solution of concentration 63wt.%
The foregoing description 1-3 represents the mixture of potash soap and APG compound compositions and waterglass.Embodiment 4-5 shows in conjunction with other additives, preferred herein two glycerine and (c) the class utility also be possible.Two glycerine can serve as emulsifier, in the case, as embodiments herein 5, can need not to use potash soap.
Claims (21)
1. multicomponent mixture, be used for by use this mixture of useful materials of aqueous compositions form to the acrial part of plant, preventative and/or therapeutic strengthens useful plants and/or ornamental plants opposing pathogene, especially the invasion and attack of the pathogene in the pathogenic fungus, and resist more deleterious effects such as drought stress or mechanical stress such as hail, described mixture comprises
The O/W type wetting agent that (a) can tolerate on the ecology,
(b) water soluble or can be in water swelling, be simultaneously the available silicon compound of plant and
(c) have the lipophilic of lipid structure saturated and/or the undersaturated hydrocarbon part of olefinic, be can aerobic and the organic compound of anaerobic degradation simultaneously.
2. multicomponent mixture as claimed in claim 1 comprises that also phosphorus with lipophilic portion at least to a certain degree and/or nitrogenous compound are as composition (d).
3. multicomponent mixture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprise alkali silicate, especially sodium silicate and/or KP1, alkali metal silicate and/or Ludox or silica gel, and also can comprise when needing have than the plant extracts of high silicon content for example the extract of small British nettle and/or Hippurisvulgaris as composition (b).
4. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-3, comprise at least mainly be the biodegradable surfactant of nonionic as composition (a), and this surfactant preferably is mainly derived from natural materials and preferred HLB value at least in the 10-18 scope.
5. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-4, wherein composition (a) preferably at least mainly is alkyl (oligomeric) glucoside compound (APG compound) at least to a certain extent, and its alkyl residue is at least mainly from straight-chain fatty alcohol.
6. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-5, the APG compound that comprises glucose and particularly fatty alcohol, described fatty alcohol contains at least 6 carbon atoms, and that preferred 8-24 carbon atom, described APG compound are based on natural materials and its DP value is in the 1.2-5 scope.
7. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-6, wherein composition (c) at least to a certain extent by oxygen as heteroatom functionalization, preferably use fatty alcohol and/or fatty acid or derivatives thereof, as corresponding ester or partial ester, ether and/or acid amides.
8. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-8, composition wherein (c) also is at least mainly based on natural materials.
9. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-8, the flow point of composition wherein (c) is equal to or less than 25-30 ℃ at least to a certain extent, particularly is equal to or less than 10-15 ℃.
10. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-9, the unsaturated C of olefinic wherein
12-24-fatty alcohol particularly at least mainly is that two keys of alkene and the freezing range with height is equal to or less than 20 ℃, preferably is equal to or less than 10-15 ℃ C
16/18-fatty alcohol, and/or fatty acid ester or fatty acid partial ester such as suitable glyceride is as composition (c), the mixture that may contain mentioned component (c) is preferred.
11. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-10, wherein use soap, especially preferably soap be used in combination with the APG compound as composition (c).
12. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-11, wherein oil-soluble phosphorus and/or nitrogenous compound are as composition (d) compound, described compound contains lipophilic portion at least to a certain degree.
13. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-12, the mixture of the nitrogenous macronutrient of the lecithin of lecithin, hydrolyzed lecithin product and/or chemical modification-preferably itself and other-, preferably use urea and/or urea derivative wherein as other nitrogen containing components as composition (d).
14., wherein also comprise the chitin with oligomer and/or polymer architecture and/or the organic nitrogen compound of chitan type as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-13.
15., wherein also comprise the antioxidant that environment can tolerate, especially suitable tocopherols and/or ascorbic acid as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-14.
16. as the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-15, its dosage form is the aqueous concentrates of homogenizing, can be processed into the required Spray Mixing thing of practical application by mixing with big water gaging dilution or with it.
17. the described multicomponent mixture of claim 1-16 is preventative and/or therapeutic strengthens plant opposing illeffects; particularly control and/or protective plant are not subjected to the purposes of fungal attack; this purposes is by using the homogenizing aqueous compositions of composition (a) and (b) and (c) active material admixture to the acrial part of plant, and preferred combination simultaneously and/or staggeredly use that composition (d) realizes.
18. purposes as claimed in claim 17 wherein is administered to the aqueous compositions of multicomponent mixture by spray application the acrial part of plant.
19. as claim 17 and 18 described purposes, wherein in the aqueous compositions of the multicomponent mixture that plant is used-as calculated-silicone content is in 0.001-0.1 weight % silicon scope, preferably in 0.002-0.05 weight % silicon scope.
20. the described purposes of claim 17-19; wherein simultaneously and/or in staggered mode with the suitable bactericide of other especially synthetic plant protection product-preferred combination-and/or use multicomponent mixture of the present invention with the inducing agent of the defence system that is used to strengthen plant itself; compare when preferably using separately in addition, significantly reduced its consumption with synthetic plant protection product.
21. as the described purposes of claim 17-20, wherein on useful plants, particularly at the representative that uses acceptable composition (a)-(d) on the nutritional physiology aspect fruits and vegetables growth or other plants of wishing to use.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19918693A DE19918693A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 | 1999-04-26 | Strengthening the growth of useful and ornamental plants against undesirable fungal attack in the above-ground plant area |
| DE19918693.6 | 1999-04-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1352525A true CN1352525A (en) | 2002-06-05 |
Family
ID=7905757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00806726A Pending CN1352525A (en) | 1999-04-26 | 2000-04-15 | Method for reinforcing the growth of crops and ornamental plants against unwanted fungal attack in the above-ground region of the plants |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1173063A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002542269A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1352525A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4295900A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0010065A (en) |
| CO (1) | CO5211005A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19918693A1 (en) |
| GT (1) | GT200000051A (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200102949T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000064263A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6559099B1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2003-05-06 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Methods for enhancing plant health, protecting plants from biotic and abiotic stress related injuries and enhancing the recovery of plants injured as a result of such stresses |
| CN108794176A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-13 | 王国华 | A kind of strawberry nutrition powder and its application method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2517764B2 (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1996-07-24 | 俊雄 増田 | Foliar spray for disease control of agricultural and horticultural crops |
| US5385750A (en) * | 1992-05-14 | 1995-01-31 | Henkel Corporation | Alkyl glycoside compositions with improved wetting properties |
| DE4437313B4 (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 2006-10-05 | OMS Investments, Inc., Santa Monica | Use of phospholipids to improve plant growth |
| US5770543A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-06-23 | Henkel Corporation | Agricultural compositions comprising alkyl polyglycosides and fatty acids |
| EP0835854A1 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-04-15 | Fischer GmbH & Co. KG | Inorganic fertiliser |
| DE19701127A1 (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1998-07-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Low-foaming surfactant concentrates for use in the promotion of plant growth |
| DE19748884A1 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-05-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Flowable multi-component mixtures to promote the growth of the soil microorganism flora and their application |
-
1999
- 1999-04-26 DE DE19918693A patent/DE19918693A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-04-15 AU AU42959/00A patent/AU4295900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-15 CN CN00806726A patent/CN1352525A/en active Pending
- 2000-04-15 WO PCT/EP2000/003440 patent/WO2000064263A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-15 TR TR2001/02949T patent/TR200102949T2/en unknown
- 2000-04-15 JP JP2000613266A patent/JP2002542269A/en active Pending
- 2000-04-15 EP EP00922640A patent/EP1173063A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-15 BR BR0010065-0A patent/BR0010065A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-25 CO CO00029647A patent/CO5211005A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-25 GT GT200000051A patent/GT200000051A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000064263A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| TR200102949T2 (en) | 2002-01-21 |
| CO5211005A1 (en) | 2002-10-30 |
| AU4295900A (en) | 2000-11-10 |
| BR0010065A (en) | 2002-01-15 |
| GT200000051A (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| DE19918693A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| EP1173063A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| JP2002542269A (en) | 2002-12-10 |
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