CN1345532A

CN1345532A - Water and fertilizer micro-irrigator for plant in desert

Info

Publication number: CN1345532A
Application number: CN 00126552
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王大俊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-09-22
Filing date: 2000-09-22
Publication date: 2002-04-24

Abstract

The invention discloses an irrigator providing water and fertilizer in tiny flow used for desert plant. It is composed of storing liquid container or storing liquid pool, sucking liquid apparatus, pipe, sucking liquid material. The water or water solution of fertilizer in said container or pool is fed to sucking liquid container via pipe and float plug which can adjust the height of liquid level in the sucking liquid container automatically. The sucking liquid material in the sucking liquid container feeds the water or water solution to plant. The invention is also suitable for used in orchard, barren hill and desert.

Description

Desert plant water, fertile micro-irrigation device

The present invention relates to the irrigator that a kind of people use when irrigating to plant, the particularly a kind of micro-irrigation device that in the desert, can directly supply with the plant root water source or can supply with the plant root fertilizer aqueous solution more equably.

Existing known drip irrigation emitter mainly is made up of watering, switch head, feed pipe, dropper head.Open switch head, the water of watering will drop on the upper surface of plant root soil continuously by feed pipe, drip head, constantly to plant root and soil permeability all around, the root of plant absorbs the moisture that is penetrated into root and supplies with plant corpus the upper surface that passes through plant root soil more again.The loss of the water that oozes continually from drip head comprises two parts: a part of water is directly from the upper surface evaporation loss of plant corpus root soil; Part water loses in the process of infiltration around plant root; The loss of this water in evaporation, process of osmosis is no small.Because the water yield that this drip irrigation emitter oozes when supplying water to plant is bigger, therefore, be not suitable for using as the aqueous solution of supplying with fertilizer to plant.

Task of the present invention is that a kind of micro-irrigation device that uses in the desert will be provided, and it not only can effectively reduce the loss in the evaporation of water and process of osmosis when using drip irrigation emitter, and the aqueous solution that also can be used for supplying with fertilizer to plant corpus is used.

Task of the present invention is finished as follows, before the serike, pre-reason one storage liquid container and aspirator below the sand around plant corpus, the filling opening of storage liquid container exceeds the sand surface, storage liquid container pre-buried height and position in sand exceeds a height of storing liquid container approximately than aspirator, and inlet tube will be store liquid container and be communicated with aspirator.Aspirator is made up of imbibition container and float plug.The float plug is arranged in the imbibition container, and the float plug is made up of stopper fixing on relocatable float and the float, an end hinge of float plug or be fixed on the imbibition container with messenger wire.The float plug can limit the topnotch of liquid level in the imbibition container under the effect that float upwards floats.The guiding bend pipe is fixed on the guide wire of imbibition container, and imbibition material passes guiding bend pipe, guide wire, and in the through imbibition container, the other end then is distributed in around the plant corpus root.Imbibition material has stronger water imbibition, the aqueous solution that has added fertilizer when water or in water is behind filling opening injection storage liquid container, water or the aqueous solution that in water added fertilizer of storage in the liquid container will pass through inlet tube, the float plug flow is gone in the imbibition container, imbibition material in the aspirator is by the transpiration of the aqueous solution of capillarity and water or fertilizer, will the aqueous solution of water in the aspirator or fertilizer not delivered to around the plant root with not continuing in a steady stream, the root system of plant corpus will absorb water around the root or the aqueous solution of fertilizer is supplied with plant corpus.After the water in the storage liquid container or the aqueous solution of fertilizer use up, as long as add the aqueous solution of entry or fertilizer for the storage liquid container on time.

Need frequent trouble of adding the aqueous solution of water or fertilizer for the storage liquid container in order to overcome, to satisfy the extensive needs of giving the plant slight irrigation in the desert, can on the sand surface in desert, build some waterproof capacious or be added with the aqueous solution seepage of fertilizer and the liquid storage tank of evaporation, again with pipeline and be arranged on gate valve on the pipeline and the aqueous solution of water in the liquid storage tank or fertilizer is introduced managed in the aspirator of plant corpus root in advance with materials such as sand, stone, cement.After the water in the liquid storage tank or the aqueous solution of fertilizer use up, as long as regularly the aqueous solution of water of being transported or fertilizer is injected liquid storage tank with waterr transporting vehicle.

Owing to adopted such scheme, the present invention not only more economizes on water than drip irrigation emitter when irrigating to plant corpus, applies fertilizer for plant corpus more equably.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed explanation:

Fig. 1 is desert plant water, fertile micro-irrigation device vertical section schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 desert water, the fertile micro-irrigation device generalized section along the A1A2 line.

In Fig. 1, the storage liquid container 1 with good mechanical strength that is made of plastics is provided with filling opening 2, and the aqueous solution 4 of water or fertilizer injects storage liquid container 1 from filling opening 2, and filling opening 2 exceeds the sand surface.Be evaporated to the air from filling opening 2 in order to prevent to store the water in the liquid container 1 or the aqueous solution 4 of fertilizer, the block 3 that is made of plastics is tightened on the top of filling opening 2.5 is drain pipe, is injected into one with storage liquid container 1, and 6 is inlet tube, and drain pipe 5 and inlet tube 6 all are made of plastics.One end internal thread of inlet tube 6 is fastened on the external threaded surface of drain pipe 5, for the aqueous solution 4 of preventing sealing or fertilizer oozes out from the slit between drain pipe 5 and inlet tube 6 screw threads, before fastening, the external threaded surface of drain pipe 5 is wrapped with one deck glue cloth and does the antiseep processing earlier, and the end internal thread with inlet tube 6 tightens up again.The other end of inlet tube 6 directly inserts in the hole of upper end cover 8 of imbibition container and enters in the imbibition container.

The bottom cylinder body 7 and the upper end cover 8 of imbibition container are also made by the plastics with excellent mechanical intensity, are injected with guide wire 16 on the upper end cover 8.Bottom cylinder body 7, upper end cover 8 and the sealing gasket 9 usefulness screws 10 of inhaling container fasten as one, and constitute the imbibition container jointly.The right and left at the inner surface inlet tube 6 of upper end cover 8 is provided with suspension ring 11, and messenger wire 12 1 ends are fixed on the suspension ring 11, and the other end is fixed on the stopper 13 of float plug.The stopper 13 of float plug is divided into two-layer: make with flexible rubber material on the upper strata; Lower floor makes with plastic material.The thimble 14 that float is provided with beyond the Great Wall is injected into one with the lower floor of the stopper 13 of float plug, and is also made of plastic.The float 15 that is made of plastics is adhesively fixed on the bottom of the stopper 13 of float plug.Float plug in the stopper 13 of messenger wire 12, float, thimble 14, the float 15 common pie graphs 1.Aspirator in the common pie graph 1 of imbibition container and float plug.The water in the storage liquid container 1 or the aqueous solution 4 of fertilizer flow into the imbibition container through drain pipe 5, inlet tube 6, liquid level in the imbibition container constantly rises, float 15 is blocked the outlet of inlet tube 6 under buoyancy function, the aqueous solution 4 of water or fertilizer is no longer flowed in the imbibition container.One end of float plug also can adopt the form of hinge to be fixed on the inwall of imbibition container.The upper end cover 8 of imbibition container is provided with guide wire 16, and guiding bend pipe 17 is fixed tightly on the outer surface of guide wire 16.Guide wire 16 and guiding bend pipe 17 also are made of plastics.Imbibition material 18 is made by the stronger cotton thread of water imbibition, and cotton thread passes guiding bend pipe 17, guide wire 16 enters in the imbibition container, is distributed in around the plant roots 20 of plant 19 after the other end water of cotton thread or the aqueous solution 4 of fertilizer drench.Storage liquid container 1, aspirator, imbibition material 18, plant roots 20 are buried in sand 21, storage liquid container 1 exceeds the height of a storage liquid container approximately than aspirator, but the block 3 that goes out liquid container 1 preferably exceeds the surface of sand 21, is convenient to people and adds the aqueous solution 4 usefulness of water or fertilizer for immediately storage liquid container 1.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, it is annular sacks of being made by thick type agricultural film that the steam reflection tightens up bag 22, and the steam reflection tightens up an end plastic packaging of bag 22, and the other end is provided with slide fastener 23.Open steam reflection and tighten up the slide fastener 23 that is provided with on the bag 22, the sand 21 steam reflection of packing into is tightened up in the bag 22,, then slide fastener 23 is closed until filling, the steam reflection that will be full of sand at last tighten up bag 22 be placed on plant 19 around.If steam reflection tighten up bag not the plastic packaging end slide fastener 23 is not set, the steam reflection tightens up after bag 22 fills sand, also available cord is tightened opening part.The steam reflection tightens up the plastic packaging end of bag 22 and also is not provided with the collar 24 and the rope 25 that is fixed on the collar 24 on the plastic packaging end, and two ends are tied; Be arranged on steam reflection and tighten up to go up around the bag 22 and also be fixed with rope 25 on the collar 24, the other end of rope 25 ties up on the plant 19.The purpose that steam reflection tightens up bag 22 is set is: reduce steam around the plant roots 20 on the one hand to greatest extent without the absorption of plant roots 20, and be evaporated in the air by sand 21; Can prevent also that on the other hand plant 19 sand 21 on every side from being blown off by wind and plant corpus is blown over by the wind.

Because desert mesoclimate sweltering heat, arid, one end of imbibition material 18 is immersed in the aqueous solution 4 of the water of imbibition container or fertilizer, the other end then is to be distributed in around the plant roots 20 after the aqueous solution 4 of first water or fertilizer drenches, after the water of the imbibition material 18 after drenching or the aqueous solution 4 of fertilizer are absorbed and self evaporate by plant roots 20, the water in the imbibition container or the aqueous solution of fertilizer 4 are under capillarity and the transpiration of self, do not rise on the bottom of imbibition material 18 with will not continuing in a steady stream and add in the imbibition material 18 of the aqueous solution 4 of losing water or fertilizer, make plant roots 20 sand on every side become moistening, absorb for plant roots 20.When the aqueous solution 4 of water in the imbibition container or fertilizer when liquid level descends under the capillarity of imbibition material 18 and the transpiration of self, float 15, the stopper 13 of float plug also descends thereupon, the water in the storage liquid container 1 or the aqueous solution 4 of fertilizer are through drain pipe 5, inlet tube 6 injects the imbibition container, liquid level is constantly risen, float 15, the stopper 13 of float plug also rises thereupon, when liquid level rises to certain altitude, float 15 is under buoyancy function, make stifled again the outlet of stopper 13 of float plug toward inlet tube 6, circulation so repeatedly makes the plant roots 20 of plant 19 in the desert that the Nutrient Absorption of the aqueous solution of moisture or fertilizer constantly be arranged.

Need frequent trouble of adding the water or the fertilizer aqueous solution 4 for storage liquid container 1 in order to overcome, satisfying plants trees in the desert on a large scale waits the needs of giving the plant slight irrigation, can in the desert, build the aqueous solution 4 seepages of some waterproof capacious or fertilizer and the liquid storage tank replacement storage liquid container 1 of evaporation, be incorporated in the imbibition container with the aqueous solution 4 of the pipeline that is provided with gate valve again water in the liquid storage tank or fertilizer with materials such as sand, stone, cement.After the aqueous solution 4 of water in the liquid storage tank or fertilizer uses up, as long as with waterr transporting vehicle the aqueous solution 4 of water of being transported or fertilizer is injected in liquid storage tank on time.

Claims

1, a kind of water of desert plant, fertile micro-irrigation device of being used for is characterized in that: desert plant water, fertile micro-irrigation device are made up of storage liquid container or liquid storage tank, pipeline, aspirator, imbibition material;

Storage liquid container or liquid storage tank link to each other with aspirator by pipeline, and imbibition material one end enters in the aspirator, the other end be distributed in plant roots around;

Aspirator buries near plant root, is distributed in plant roots imbibition material on every side and buries around plant roots;

Be provided with the float plug in the imbibition container of aspirator, can control the maximum height of aqueous solution liquid level in aspirator of water or fertilizer automatically.

2,, it is characterized in that plant corpus is provided with the steam reflection on every side and tightens up bag [22] according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 1 regulation.

3, according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 2 regulation, it is characterized in that the steam reflection tighten up bag [22] around be provided with the collar [24] and be fixed on rope [25] on the collar [24], the other end of rope [25] ties up on the plant [19].

4, according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that storing liquid container [1] and bury in sand [21], the height and position that buries is storage liquid container [1] exceeds a storage liquid container approximately than aspirator a height.

5,, it is characterized in that being fixed with guiding bend pipe [17] on the guide wire [16] of aspirator according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 1 regulation.

6,, it is characterized in that the float plug is made up of stopper fixing on relocatable float and the float according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 1 regulation.

7,, it is characterized in that an end hinge of float plug or be fixed on the imbibition container with messenger wire according to desert plant water, the fertile micro-irrigation device of claim 6 regulation.