CN1340170A - Method for acquisition of motion capture data - Google Patents

Method for acquisition of motion capture data Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1340170A
CN1340170A CN00803619A CN00803619A CN1340170A CN 1340170 A CN1340170 A CN 1340170A CN 00803619 A CN00803619 A CN 00803619A CN 00803619 A CN00803619 A CN 00803619A CN 1340170 A CN1340170 A CN 1340170A
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data
camera
color
sporter
motion capture
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CN00803619A
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Chinese (zh)
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黄炳翼
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/20Analysis of motion
    • G06T7/246Analysis of motion using feature-based methods, e.g. the tracking of corners or segments
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F7/00Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
    • G06F7/38Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation
    • G06F7/48Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation using non-contact-making devices, e.g. tube, solid state device; using unspecified devices
    • G06F7/544Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation using non-contact-making devices, e.g. tube, solid state device; using unspecified devices for evaluating functions by calculation
    • G06F7/548Trigonometric functions; Co-ordinate transformations

Abstract

A method for acquisition of motion capture data which is capable of reducing the amount of data indicative of motions, readily expressing natural motions in image production fields such as game character production, digital animation production, etc. and enabling a data provider to act and move with no limitation in sphere because of the absence of cable connections to his body. A plurality of color pointers with different color values are attached respectively to main joints and terminal portions of the body of the data provider. Three digital cameras (100, 200 and 300) or more are used to shoot actions and motions of the data provider. Acomputer is used to convert images picked-up by the digital cameras into X, Y and Z coordinate values. The motions of the body are extracted as three-dimensional position coordinate values based on motions of the color pointers.

Description

Obtain the method for motion capture data
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to obtaining of motion capture data, particularly relate to a kind of acquisition methods of motion capture data, wherein utilize color mark to catch human or animal's action, and can on the basis of catching action, produce the three-dimensional motion data.
Background technology
Development along with animation and recreation industry has produced three-dimensional modeling, drafting and the emulation technology of concentrated interest in the technology that can produce proper motion.
In order to adapt to this interest, a kind of capturing movement technology has been proposed, this technology can directly be caught people's action, with these actions of numeral, the computing machine of exercise data input as a result, and on the basis of institute's input motion data, move a role, or the like.
In this capturing movement technology, the most important thing is to obtain fast the data of relevant natural body kinematics.
Most traditional motion capture system are applicable to mark or sensor are added on people's the health, the data of analyte sensors output or the marking image of taking by camera, and calculate the position and the orientation of corresponding human synovial according to the result who analyzes.
Such conventional motion capture systems according to the action type of used mark or sensor, can be divided into four classes, i.e. acoustic type, mechanical type, magnetics type and optical type.Wherein, magnetics type and optical type system are the two kinds of systems the most widely of motion now.
More than dissimilar conventional motion capture systems following feature and problem are arranged.
The acoustic type motion capture system comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors and three acoustic receivers.Described acoustic sensor is arranged on sporter's corresponding joint with continuous generation sound wave, and described acoustic receivers and described acoustic sensor are placed apart, to receive the sound wave that described acoustic sensor produces.This motion capture system is applicable to by utilizing described acoustic receivers to receive the sound wave required time calculating sensor of described acoustic sensor generation and the distance between the receiver.In three dimensions, the position of each sensor is to obtain on the basis of principle of triangulation with the value that three receivers calculate respectively.The drawback of this acoustic type system is that sample frequency is low, and the quantity of spendable sound generator is very little simultaneously.And sporter's action may become unnatural because the volume of described sensor is too big.In addition, the acoustic type motion capture system is subjected to the very big influence of sound reflection because of the feature of audio unit.
The motion capture system of mechanical type comprises the action that a sporter joint is measured in the combination of a potentiometer and slide rule.Because this motion capture system does not have receiver, so it can provide a kind of absolute measurement device that is not subjected to any environmental interference and influences.Therefore, compare with the system of acoustic type, the system of mechanical type needs initial alignment hardly, does not also need expensive broadcast equipment.Furthermore, compare with the other types motion capture system, the mechanical type system cost is low, and very high sample frequency is arranged.Yet the mechanical type motion capture system has a shortcoming, and the action that is exactly the sporter will become unnatural because adding mechanical organ thereon.In addition, the measuring accuracy of mechanical type system depends on that how accurate the position that mechanical organ is installed on sporter's corresponding joint have.
Magnetics type motion capture system comprises that sensor on a plurality of sporter's of being installed in corresponding joint is to detect magnetic field.When described sporter moved around a magnetic field generator, the variation in described sensor magnetic field converted this variation to the measurement of space values to move then.Described sensor, magnetic field generator and system entity by cable or, also employing wireless couples together recently.The advantage of magnetics type motion capture system is that cost is low relatively, good cost performance is arranged, and can handle in real time.Yet movable in the zone that described sporter just can only limit at the connection cable that sensor on one's body it is drawn when described sensor is when line style is arranged, this just makes the sporter be difficult to express out naturally his or her complexity and action fast.Replace the wireless system of cable for one with radio transmitters, because it is very big to be placed in sporter's transmitter volume on one's body, so the sporter can not move naturally.Moreover described sporter must be movable in the zone of restriction, because he or she must remain in the magnetic field range.
The optical type motion capture system comprises that reflective marker on the main joint of a plurality of corresponding sporters of being installed in order to reflected infrared, also comprises a plurality of cameras, and each camera all is equipped with 3 to 16 infrared filters.Described camera is in order to produce the two-dimensional coordinate of described reflective marker image.The program of a special use is used for analyzing the two-dimensional coordinate that captured by camera and they is converted to the 3 D stereo coordinate as the result who analyzes.The shortcoming of this traditional optical type motion capture system is that it emphasizes the performance true to nature to object of which movement, so just need lot of data and handle the high-quality computing machine of these data.
Goal of the invention and technical scheme
Thereby the present invention produces in view of the above problems, and one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of obtaining motion capture data, and it can be by only extracting and handle the data of handling negligible amounts with the coordinate figure of motion change.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of obtaining motion capture data, and it can carry out initial alignment to catching of motion very simply and easily.
Further aim of the present invention is to provide a place to obtain the method for motion capture data, and wherein the data bulk of required processing is very little, only needs cheap personal computer, take the photograph player and USB camera, need not complicated and expensive peripheral hardware, thereby can realize a kind of low cost, high efficiency system.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of obtaining motion capture data, does not wherein have cable to connect between sporter and the exercise data disposal system, thereby might extract sporter's action easily, comprises violent action.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of obtaining motion capture data, can accurately measure sporter's action, regardless of around environment, as around illumination interference is arranged, radio interference, or the like.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned and other purpose can realize by the acquisition methods of a motion capture data, and this method can be with the form recorder of Computer Processing or the motion of object.This method is based upon on the basis of different in a large number technical requirements, it is the color extraction algorithm, color position track algorithm, use the technology of a plurality of color-coded person's motions that come the pursuit movement with different colours numerical value, the per second of realizing with the USB camera can perceive the image processing techniques of 24 to 30 two field pictures, and the technology that the 2-D data that is extracted is converted to three-dimensional data.
This capturing movement technology has a kind of basic interface function that obtained with the object of which movement relevant data before the motion of represented object realistically.
Because in fact the capturing movement technology is a kind of interface method, so the invention provides a kind of method that can obtain relevant sporter's action apace.
Description of drawings
The present invention above-mentioned and other purposes, feature and advantage can more be expressly understood by the following embodiment that describes in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of implementation basis motion capture data acquisition methods of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for obtaining the camera configuration figure of three-dimensional data according to of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a signal sketch of surveying X and Z coordinate values by preposition camera as shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 puts camera by a left side as shown in Figure 2 to survey X, the signal sketch of Y and Z coordinate values;
Fig. 5 puts camera by the right side as shown in Figure 2 to survey X, the signal sketch of Y and Z coordinate values;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram in the actual motion zone that its action will captive object;
Fig. 7 to 9 is preposition among Fig. 2, and put on a left side and the right side is put the synoptic diagram in the corresponding dead band of camera and illustrated the detection of data in the dead band.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention
As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a plurality of have the color pointer of different colours numerical value by corresponding main joint component and the end portion that is placed in the data set provider health.Three or more camera isogonism ground is provided with and a well-regulated away from each other segment distance, so that the action of picked-up data set provider.A PC is used for and will converts three-dimensional coordinate numerical value (X to by the view data of described camera acquisition, Y and Z), and the three-dimensional coordinate numerical value that is got by conversion surveys the change in location that is positioned on described data set provider color pointer on one's body, and then a change in location that detects is stored as motion capture data.
Described computing machine receives picture signal by impact damper from described camera, and only extracts the relevant position coordinates numerical value that is installed in the color hand motion of the corresponding body part of described data set provider from received picture signal.Because described computing machine is not to extract and store all picture signals, and only be along with being installed in the motion of the color pointer of appropriate section on one's body of described data set provider and the position coordinates numerical value that changes, so need the quantity of deal with data just to significantly reduce, result treatment speed is improved.
The process of catching action and extract the three-dimensional motion data from the image that captures according to of the present invention below will be described.Tabulate down and 1 provide the example of 13 kinds of primary colors in 256 kinds of colors being distributed to sporter's main body part.
[table 1]
Body part Color Body part Color
1 Head Color 1 8 Left hand Color 140
2 Left side shoulder Color 20 9 The right hand Color 160
3 Right shoulder Color 40 10 Left side knee Color 180
4 Waist Color 60 11 Right knee Color 200
5 Buttocks Color 80 12 Left side foot Color 220
6 Left side elbow Color 100 13 Right foot Color 240
7 Right elbow Color 120
Here, resolution is made as 160 pixel *, 120 pixels, and color depth is made as 16, and frame per second was made as for 30 frame/seconds, and N represents the quantity of color pointer.
Under these conditions, a camera extracts three kinds of primary colors elements from input picture, promptly red, green and blue element, and they are delivered in the PC (PC).At this moment, the data bulk of delivering to described PC from described camera is 16 * of 160 pixel *, 120 pixel *, 30 frames/second=9216000 bps, because data volume can be used resolution, the product of color depth and frame per second is represented.If with byte is that unit calculates this data volume, the result is 1152000 byte per seconds.Further calculating this result with the K byte is the 1152K byte per second.Conclusion is that per second has the data of 1152K byte to be sent to the described computing machine from described camera.
Because it is red that the data volume of calculating with said method relates separately to, green and blue element, think that data volume that all colours element captures is three times of calculated data volume, i.e. 1152000*3=345600 byte per second.Is the 3.456M byte per second with the M byte for unit result of calculation.At last, the handled data total amount of computing machine can be by for all red, and the data volume that green and blue three kinds of elements are caught and the product of color pointer quantity obtain.
That is to say that the data total amount of Computer Processing is if N=1 is the 3.456M byte per second, if N=10 is the 34.56M byte per second.
Coordinate system shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 9 is to be Computerized three-dimensional (3D) picture and the resultant absolute coordinate system of cartoon technique.See the coordinate system shown in Fig. 1 to 9 from the front, Z axle above-below direction is placed, and the X-axis left and right directions is placed, and the Y-axis fore-and-aft direction is placed.
Next will describe in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings according to the method for obtaining motion capture data of the present invention.
At first, three or more cameras absorbs the motion of data set provider and result images is sent in the computing machine that is connected respectively.Described computing machine extracts a plurality of location variables that are installed in the color pointer of main joint of the corresponding health of data set provider and distal portion from the image that the camera that links to each other sends, and obtains the coordinate values of two dimensional motion data from the location variable that is extracted.
Secondly, described computing machine is sent to the coordinate values of the two dimensional motion data that obtain in one station server by an internal network, and described server then converts the coordinate values that is sent to three-dimensional motion according to the synthesis program of a three-dimensional complex functionality engine and catches data.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of the acquisition methods of implementation basis motion capture data of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the motion of three or more camera picked-up data set provider and result images is sent to respectively in the described computing machine.Described computing machine is in order to handle the image that sends and result is delivered in the station server by an internal network from relevant camera according to aforementioned algorithm.Described server is caught data in order to obtain three-dimensional motion on the basis of the data that send at the aforementioned calculation machine.
Fig. 2 is provided with figure according to the camera for the acquisition three-dimensional data of the present invention.As shown in the figure, three cameras, promptly preposition camera 100, camera 200 is put on a left side and camera 300 is put round an object in the right side, or data set provider is placed.
Described three cameras are provided with each other in 120 degree isogonism ground.A real district around the intersection vision area of described three cameras is arranged in the predetermined scope, and this reality district is taken as be a coordinate system by computing machine.
When described three cameras are provided with by mode as shown in Figure 1, just can obtain the Z coordinate figure around the object.The X and Y coordinates value of this object obtains by carrying out a suitable algorithm, and X coordinate figure variable is obtained by described preposition camera 100 ,+X ,-Y ,+Y and-data of Y put camera 200 and the described right side by a described left side and put camera 300 and obtain.Exercise data on all orientation of this object just can obtain by this way.
Fig. 3 is a signal sketch of being surveyed X and Z coordinate figure by preposition camera 100 described in Fig. 2.The X of described object front pointer and Z position coordinate value are all surveyed by described preposition camera 100 and these data are put camera 200 and the described right side as a reference value and a described left side put the data that camera 300 detects and compare.X that is detected by described preposition camera 100 and Z coordinate figure also as a reference value in order to proofread and correct data by other cameras detected.
Fig. 4 surveys X (30 °), the synoptic diagram of Y (60 °) and Z coordinate figure by put camera 200 as the left side among Fig. 2.The X of Z coordinate figure and described object left side and rear side pointer and Y coordinate figure are put camera 200 by a described left side and are surveyed.The X and Y coordinates value that is detected serves as basis rotation with the Z coordinate figure that is detected, and puts the data that camera 300 detects as a reference value and described preposition camera 100 and the described right side then and compares.
Fig. 5 surveys Y (60 °), the synoptic diagram of X (30 °) and Z coordinate figure by put camera 300 as the right side among Fig. 2.The X of Z coordinate figure and described object right side and rear side pointer and Y coordinate figure are put camera 300 by the described right side and are surveyed.The X and Y coordinates value that is detected serves as basis rotation with the Z coordinate figure that is detected, and puts the data that camera 200 detects as a reference value and described preposition camera 100 and a described left side then and compares.
Fig. 6 is the moving region (X and Y coordinates system) of the reality of the captive object of motion.This real district is arranged in the predetermined scope around the intersection vision area of described three cameras 100,200 and 300, and all motions of object all are limited in this real district.The dead band of described every camera is detected out by the intersection vision area of described other two cameras, so correct coordinate values obtains by the operation of adjusting and proofread and correct.
The dead band of described three cameras is illustrated respectively to Fig. 9 by Fig. 7.
In Fig. 7, the coordinate figure that is arranged in described preposition camera 100 dead band pointers is put data that camera 300 detects and is compared each other and on this basis the data that detected by described preposition camera 100 are adjusted and correction obtains by putting camera 200 and the described right side by a described left side.
In Fig. 8, be arranged in the coordinate figure of putting camera 200 dead band pointers in a described left side by putting that data that camera 300 detects compare mutually and data that camera 200 detects are adjusted and correction obtains to being put by a described left side on this basis by the described preposition camera 100 and the described right side.
In Fig. 9, be arranged in the coordinate figure of putting camera 300 dead band pointers in the described right side by putting that data that camera 200 detects compare mutually and data that camera 300 detects are adjusted and correction obtains to being put by the described right side on this basis by a described preposition camera 100 and a described left side.
Industrial applicibility
From above-mentioned explanation, can find out significantly, the invention provides a kind of method that can obtain motion capture data by the data that only extract and handle the color pointer of representing sporter's motion.So data volume to be processed reduces widely, the result compares processing speed with the processing entire image and gets a promotion.Moreover, the personal computer of used cheapness, take the photograph player and USB camera need not complicated and expensive peripheral hardware, this just realized one can be very simple anywhere and easily capturing movement to be carried out the cost of initial alignment lower, the system that efficient is higher.
And, there are not wired and wireless connections between sporter and the exercise data disposal system, the sporter can not be subjected to the motion of space constraint ground, therefore might extract described sporter's action easily, comprises violent action.
In addition, all running of the present invention can become convenient by upgrade software only, and Comparatively speaking, the improvement of traditional mode running must hardware based raising.
Further, because above-mentioned feature, the present invention can be widely used for entertainment field, virtual reality field and other image making fields.
Although disclose the preferred embodiments of the present invention for the purpose of illustration, but those skilled in the art can understand, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from disclosed scope and spirit involved in the present invention in following claims, the present invention also has various modification, increases and substitutes.

Claims (2)

1. method of obtaining motion capture data may further comprise the steps:
A) a plurality of color pointers with different colours numerical value are respectively installed to sporter's main body part;
B) absorb described sporter's action by photographic means; And
C) will convert three-dimensional coordinate numerical value (X to by the pictorial data that described photographic means obtains, Y and Z), from the three-dimensional coordinate numerical value that is converted to, survey the location variable of the described color pointer that is installed in the corresponding body part of described sporter, and then from the location variable that is detected, extract three-dimensional location coordinates variable based on described color hand motion.
2. the method for obtaining motion capture data as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described photographic means comprises the camera that the one-tenth isogonism of at least three rule distances of being separated by each other is provided with, camera put by the preposition camera of described three cameras for being provided with around described sporter, left side and camera is put on a right side; Wherein, described step c) may further comprise the steps:
From described all cameras, obtain vertical movement (Z coordinate) data, from described preposition camera, obtain tangential movement (X coordinate) data, by put camera and right pre-defined algorithm of exercise data execution of putting the camera acquisition to the tangential movement data of acquisition and from a described left side, obtain forward and exercise data backward;
By being to carry out a parallel computing algorithm, obtain the data in the relevant corresponding dead band of described camera, and on the basis of acquired dead band data, generate three-dimensional data from the offset data of described each camera.
CN00803619A 1999-11-11 2000-10-17 Method for acquisition of motion capture data Pending CN1340170A (en)

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CN100361070C (en) * 2004-10-29 2008-01-09 中国科学院计算技术研究所 skeleton motion extraction method by means of optical-based motion capture data
CN101581966B (en) * 2008-05-16 2011-03-16 英业达股份有限公司 Method and system for operating personal computer by utilizing action recognition
CN102413885A (en) * 2009-05-01 2012-04-11 微软公司 Systems and methods for applying model tracking to motion capture
CN102622500A (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-08-01 德信互动科技(北京)有限公司 Game achieving system
CN105118343A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-12-02 北京瑞盖科技有限公司 Tennis training examination and evaluation system and training method
CN108742841A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-06 上海交通大学 A kind of operation tool real-time location method of multiposition tracker
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CN101581966B (en) * 2008-05-16 2011-03-16 英业达股份有限公司 Method and system for operating personal computer by utilizing action recognition
CN102413885A (en) * 2009-05-01 2012-04-11 微软公司 Systems and methods for applying model tracking to motion capture
CN102413885B (en) * 2009-05-01 2013-07-10 微软公司 Systems and methods for applying model tracking to motion capture
CN102622500A (en) * 2011-01-30 2012-08-01 德信互动科技(北京)有限公司 Game achieving system
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CN108742841A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-06 上海交通大学 A kind of operation tool real-time location method of multiposition tracker
CN109186455A (en) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-11 安徽师范大学 A kind of device of view-based access control model measurement dynamic object three-dimensional coordinate

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KR20000017755A (en) 2000-04-06
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DE10083785T1 (en) 2001-11-29
AU7967200A (en) 2001-06-06

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