CN1338983A - Acid treatment of non-woody lignocellulosic material - Google Patents
Acid treatment of non-woody lignocellulosic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1338983A CN1338983A CN 00803393 CN00803393A CN1338983A CN 1338983 A CN1338983 A CN 1338983A CN 00803393 CN00803393 CN 00803393 CN 00803393 A CN00803393 A CN 00803393A CN 1338983 A CN1338983 A CN 1338983A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- lignocellulosic material
- wooden
- stalk
- straw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
Abstract
The bonding of cereal straw in a panel is carried out with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin or melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin in combination with an acid treatment of the straw. The treatment consists of applying either a strong or weak acid to straw. This results in a drop in straw pH and straw buffering capacity which facilitates the bonding of the straw with UF or MUF in a heated platen press. The treatment allows straw-based composite panels to achieve properties in excess of commercial standards without using isocyanate resins exclusively. The acid can be applied to the straw at various stages of comminution before resin addition panel pressing.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of adhesive bonding method of stalk, especially be used for preparing stalk bonding of sheet material.
Background of invention
Organic PIC is used as the adhesive of lignocellulosic material usually when for example preparing such as mechanographs such as fiberboard or glued boards.Typically, organic PIC is added to lignocellulosic material, then is heated, pressurized.
Use organic PIC, for example a problem of two pairs of phenylene isocyanates of methylene (MDI) is, in pressing process, they can cause lignocellulosic material and and the metal surface of its contacted pressing plate between serious bonding.When removing pressing plate, can cause the damage of final products like this, and need the significant time to remove lignocellulosic material from the surface of pressing plate.
Be bonded on the pressing plate for fear of lignocellulosic material, need to add bonding/antitack agent.Singule and Yavorsky are at US5,908, reported the technology of producing sheet material or mechanograph by lignocellulosic material in 496, adopted organic polyisocyanate binders material and a kind of antitack agent in this technology, reduced organic PIC and be bonded at trend on the pressing plate.This antitack agent is a kind of water-based emulsion of polyolefin-wax.
In addition, Howard is at US5, reported a kind of thin plate in 498,469, and this thin plate is made up of a kind of non-wooden lignocellulosic material of compacting and a kind of organic PIC as adhesive.The preferred polyisocyanate binders of wherein being reported is a kind of polymer of '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.Howard instruct out this adhesive under lower resin content than other resin, can make the higher thin plate of intensity as phenolic aldehyde or Lauxite.
People such as Lepori are at US5, have also reported the binding compositions that is used to produce the ligno-ccllulose composite in 318,736.Said composition is formed by PIC with by the antitack agent that PIC gets.
People such as Brown are at US5, have reported a kind of technology for preparing the ligno-ccllulose section bar in 130,419.Earlier the ligno-ccllulose parts are contacted with a kind of composition in this technology, then the mixture of pressed part and composition.Said composition is made of PIC, vaporific silica and nonionic fluid gelling agent.
Use MDI as adhesive material, its cost is obviously much expensive than using urea aldehyde (UF) or melamine urea aldehyde (MUF) resin-bonding agent material.Owing to need be controlled at dust and the gas that discharges in the pressing process, so MDI is difficult to use in age plant of a specified duration.As mentioned above, MDI is easy to be bonded on the press parts, especially is easy to be bonded on the pressing plate.This need apply antitack agent on pressing plate, this can further increase cost, and makes process complications (spending more).MDI is the level product outside preparation, is a kind of fabulous polymer in particieboard and the medium density fibre board (MDF) (MDF).Yet, to compare with UF and wood-based product, there is significant inferior position in it on cost.
Yet bonding between UF or MUF and stalk or other lignocellulosic material is not fine.The result uses its internal bond strength of product of UF or MUF more much lower than the product that uses polyisocyanate binders.
Therefore, need a kind of method that UF or muf resin are used for bonding non-wooden lignocellulosic material technically, and can keep high internal bond strength and reduce the difficulty that existed in the former technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to use non-PIC class adhesive to come bonding stalk or other lignocellulosic material, mainly is to be bonded at the problem of being inclined on the pressing plate for fear of PIC.
The mixture that one of embodiment of the present invention is to use urea aldehyde (UF) or melamine urea aldehyde (MUF) or UF, MUF and phenolic resins is as the adhesive material stalk that bonds, gained sheet material have with commercial criterion quite or more excellent performance.
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of and use non-wooden lignocellulosic material to prepare the method for structural member, as plate, bar or beam etc., this method comprises the steps:
(a) non-wooden lignocellulosic material is pulverized;
(b) in non-wooden lignocellulosic material, add a kind of acid;
(c) on non-wooden lignocellulosic material, apply a kind of in Lauxite and the melamine Lauxite;
(d) in flat-bed press, a kind of in non-wooden lignocellulosic material and Lauxite and the melamine Lauxite carried out bonding.
In one embodiment, structural member is plate or bar.Non-wooden lignocellulosic material can be a stalk, preferably the cane of cereal.
Being exerted into acid to non-wooden ligno-ccllulose can carry out in the different phase of pulverizing, and perhaps adds before pulverizing or after pulverizing.
Its water content was preferably lower than 12% before non-wooden lignocellulosic material through pulverizing had been pressed into structural member.
Employed acid can be acid solution, can choose from following one group, comprises carboxylic acid, acetate, glacial acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or carbonic acid.On top of the people of present technique also can recognize other acid, comprises that organic acid also is fit to.
In one embodiment, this technology comprises that the step that non-wooden lignocellulosic material is imposed steam is used to make with extra care with softening non-wooden lignocellulosic material.
Be to add acid in one embodiment by non-wooden lignocellulosic material being imposed steam and generating carbonic acid on its surface with carbon dioxide pressurized making with extra care.
The structural member here is a kind of multi-layered product, and method provided by the present invention is confined to the top layer of product, but and nonessential.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
The invention provides a kind of method, use this method can with the stalk of any kind of in the composite plate top layer with carry out bonding with sour Lauxite that combines (UF) or melamine Lauxite (MUF).Yet can reasonably predict the inventive method and also be applicable to other non-wooden lignocellulosic material.According to one embodiment of the invention, reach this purpose need impose on a kind of strong or a kind of weak acid on the stalk.
Acid preferably adds after stalk is pulverized again, but also also nonessential like this.Acid can add before pulverizing or in crushing process.Acid preferably adds with the solution form, and spray or sprinkle are on the stalk particle.Can be envisioned for the stalk particle is immersed in the acid solution to reach needed effect.
Acid treatment causes stalk pH value and buffer capacity to descend, thereby helps in hot press bonding with UF resin or muf resin.Before hot pressing, acid can impose on the stalk in the different phase of pulverizing.A lot of acid all are suitable for, and without limits, comprise as carboxylic acid, acetate, formic acid, propionic acid, carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.Acid can replace arbitrarily mutually, promptly uses certain acid better unlike using another acid in essence.Yet, use strong acid, during example hydrochloric acid (HCl), should be made into weak solution more or use the amount of less volume, this is because their ionization fully, weak acid needs higher concentration or addition.
Certainly, the amount that joins the acid solution in the stalk particle with the difference of the intensity of acid solutions and selected acid difference.The acid that preferably adds capacity makes the pH value of stalk and buffer capacity drop to the degree that can improve adhesion in the final products.Institute's addition should be enough to make the people of skilled this technology to be measured by suitable laboratory facilities.In one embodiment, in every kilogram of stalk (oven-dry weight), should add hydrogen ion more than about 0.001mol.Add too much acid and can cause cellulosic degraded in the stalk, this can reduce the fibre strength of final products.
Effectiveness was best when UF and muf resin were 3.0-4.5 at pH value.By design, they can be operated under the lower pH value, but do not have an effect in that higher pH value is next.Can predict, the acetate of high dose can influence the expansion of thickness by increasing resistance to water.UF and muf resin add acid usually so that the bonding processing of lignocellulosic material.Heating can promote this technology.If UF and muf resin are placed under the room temperature, when after after a while, usually through in a few days, they will solidify voluntarily.Therefore, the acid amount that adds in the resin is many more, and memory time is short more.Stalk has very high buffer capacity, and therefore, the acid that imposes on the stalk with resin can be neutralized, thereby produces a kind of environment, and under this environment, UF and muf resin can't be effectively bonding.Yet,, can occupy the position of playing cushioning effect in the stalk by on the stalk of pulverizing, executing acid in advance.The acid of executing has in advance occupied the activity site on the stalk, thereby finishes the general condensation reaction of UF resin or muf resin experience when making acid cure in the resin.Therefore, when imposing UF or muf resin, if there is not what buffer capacity in the stalk, stalk will be bonding effectively with UF or muf resin.
UF and muf resin and they be applied in industrial being widely known by the people, various parameters during it uses such as resin demand and pressing conditions are not basic problems of the present invention.
UF or muf resin use slurry shape to shear blender to impose on the stalk by being sprayed in method on the stalk or the small-scale application.Another kind method is that for example in factory, resin is sprayed in the breather pipe (blowline) in heavy industrialization is used, and wherein the fiber-resin mixture moves with the velocity of sound.Resin distributes by fiber in the breather pipe (blowline) and interfibrous collision.
In one embodiment, at room temperature UF or muf resin are sprayed on the stalk, stalk preferably is crushed to length in advance less than 15mm.This is handled because surface area of stalk increases, and is therefore hour more effective in stalk length.
Raise or to reduce temperature and time dependence be not the decision stalk by the factor of the bonding ability of UF or muf resin.
In one embodiment, steam is imposed on the stalk of pulverizing, make it softeningly be used to make with extra care, impose acid then and mix with stalk.Another kind of alternative method is to add acid before stalk is with steam treated.Stalk imposes resin by refiner subsequently, then material is dried to the stalk water capacity be less than about 12%, 7% (oven-dry weight) more preferably from about.Its difference of another kind method is by pre-steaming and with carbon dioxide pressurized (CO
2) generate the refining stalk of method of carbonic acid.
Drying process depends on technology and the product that is adopted.Usually be 5% to be target with the water capacity of straw mattress to 8%.Material carries out drying after being preferably in acid and resin adding.In most MDF technology, this step is carried out in dodging pipe.A kind of order is to add acid in the stalk of pulverizing, join refiner then, under certain pressure, make stalk fibreization, material is pressed into (150mm steam pressurization steel pipe) in the breather pipe (blowline), add UF resin or muf resin, dodge in the pipe drier dry then one.
Dry temperature and duration and heat pressing process are well-known in the art, and they all depend on the design of drier.Most drier is 600 ℃ of time of staying of having only several seconds.But situation is varied, depends on design.Typical hot pressing is carried out near 190 ℃, and the extruding factor is less than every millimeter 15 seconds of final compacting thickness.Yet this depends on prepared product and plant design.Pressurized operation is well-known in this area, does not need more description here.
The acid treatment of grain straw is very extensive, simple, and can optionally incorporate the variation of many different process into.Generally speaking, different acid causes different ionization, will change the degree of its useful effect like this when pH value and the change of stalk buffer capacity.
The acid treatment of grain straw provides a kind of method of being made sheet material by the stalk that uses UF or muf resin adhesive.Sheet material with the method preparation has met or exceeded ANSI A208.1 or A208.2 testing standard.Use the UF resin can not prepare the solid sheet material that can satisfy this class commercial criterion in the art methods as the material of adhesive.
Adopting UF resin or muf resin is not need antitack agent as another benefit of adhesive material, greatly reduces the cost for preparing sheet material with grain straw.
With another advantage of acid treatment grain straw is that the acetic acid of aforesaid high dose can produce better thickness swelling.
The embodiment of the invention described above can be used as embodiments of the invention, and for specific embodiment in the invention, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the scope of the invention and spirit, can carry out various modifications, change and adjusting to it.
Claims (9)
1. one kind by the method for non-wooden lignocellulosic material preparation as the structural member of plate, bar or beam, comprises following steps:
(e) non-wooden lignocellulosic material is pulverized;
(f) in non-wooden lignocellulosic material, add a kind of acid;
(g) on non-wooden lignocellulosic material, impose in Lauxite and the melamine Lauxite
A kind of;
(h) in flat-bed press with non-wooden lignocellulosic material and Lauxite and melamine
A kind of bonding in the Lauxite.
2. a kind of method described in the claim 1, wherein structural member is plate or bar.
3. a kind of method described in the claim 1, wherein non-wooden lignocellulosic material is a stalk.
4. a kind of method described in the claim 1, wherein stalk is the cane of cereal.
5. a kind of method described in the claim 1, wherein the non-wooden lignocellulosic material of Fen Suiing before being pressed into structural member wherein water capacity less than 12%.
6. a kind of method described in the claim 1 wherein can impose on acid on the non-wooden lignocellulosic material in the different phase of pulverizing.
7. a kind of method described in the claim 1, wherein used acid is chosen from following one group, comprises carboxylic acid, acetate, glacial acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and carbonic acid.
8. a kind of method described in the claim 1, the step that also comprises is that steam is imposed on non-wooden lignocellulosic material, is used to make with extra care with softening non-wooden lignocellulosic material.
9. a kind of method described in the claim 1 is wherein by imposing steam with non-wooden lignocellulosic material and using carbon dioxide pressurized making with extra care and generate carbonic acid on its surface and add acid.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2287830 CA2287830A1 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 1999-11-01 | Acid treatment of non-woody lignocellulosic material |
| CA2,287,830 | 1999-11-01 | ||
| US16326099P | 1999-11-03 | 1999-11-03 | |
| US60/163,260 | 1999-11-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1338983A true CN1338983A (en) | 2002-03-06 |
Family
ID=25681290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00803393 Pending CN1338983A (en) | 1999-11-01 | 2000-11-01 | Acid treatment of non-woody lignocellulosic material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1338983A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1260901A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001032375A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102731928A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏爱默生新材料有限公司 | Plant fiber-PVC composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103770189A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-05-07 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | Method for manufacturing fiber board by utilizing straws as raw material |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007316938B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2011-10-06 | Oci Nitrogen B.V. | Process for the preparation of a panel |
| RU2677063C1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-15 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method of producing cellulose |
| RU2683181C1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-03-26 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method of producing cellulose |
| RU2683179C1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-03-26 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method of producing cellulose |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1231963B (en) * | 1989-09-25 | 1992-01-16 | Mini Ricerca Scient Tecnolog | BINDING COMPOSITIONS FOR THE PREPARATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC COMPOSITES. |
| GB9005281D0 (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1990-05-02 | Ici Plc | Process for preparing lignocellulosic bodies |
| US5498469A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1996-03-12 | Howard; Robert E. | Thin panels of non-woody lignocellulosic material |
| ZA975821B (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | Ici Plc | Process for binding lignocellulosic material |
| DE69801585D1 (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 2001-10-11 | Marlit Ltd | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE PANELS |
-
2000
- 2000-11-01 AU AU12609/01A patent/AU1260901A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-11-01 CN CN 00803393 patent/CN1338983A/en active Pending
- 2000-11-01 WO PCT/CA2000/001299 patent/WO2001032375A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102731928A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏爱默生新材料有限公司 | Plant fiber-PVC composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103770189A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-05-07 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | Method for manufacturing fiber board by utilizing straws as raw material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001032375A1 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
| AU1260901A (en) | 2001-05-14 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |