CN1338977A

CN1338977A - Method for deforming a tube in the proximity of one of its ends and tool therefor

Info

Publication number: CN1338977A
Application number: CN00803241A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迪迪耶·古安瑞
Original assignee: Parker Hannifin SA
Current assignee: Parker Hannifin SA
Priority date: 1999-11-30
Filing date: 2000-11-21
Publication date: 2002-03-06
Also published as: DE60008216T2; NO319345B1; WO2001039907A1; NO20013706L; FR2801522A1; EP1146973A1; DE60008216D1; EP1146973B1; JP2003515454A; ATE259263T1; FR2801522B1; KR20010108152A; NO20013706D0; AU1869301A

Abstract

The invention concerns a method comprising the following steps: placing a tube (6) in an opening matrix (2) having an impression (22) corresponding to the desired final external shape; inserting the end (16) of the tube into a cavity (12) of a shaping component (26), said cavity having a base (32), a side wall with adapted shape, and an opening (30) opposite the base (32); pressing the end (16) of the tube against the base (32) of the cavity (12), leaving a clearance between the opening of the cavity and the matrix; applying an essentially axial force on the end (16) of the tube, the zone of application of the force rotating about a longitudinal axis of the tube thereby causing gradual deformation of the tube; withdrawing the end of the deformed tube outside the cavity (12) of the shaping component and outside the matrix (2).

Description

Method and use instrument in the method that pipe is out of shape near one end thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used to method that pipe is out of shape near one end thereof, specifically be used for the hermetically sealed connector of production rigidity pipe.The invention still further relates to use instrument in the method.

Background of invention

Need to make pipe deformation to be illustrated in Fig. 2 among the document DE-19526316C2 or the connector of the type among the document DE-19757946A1 with production in this method of this discussion.These two document illustrations a connector of rigid pipe.One nut is crushed on the pipe that needs to connect.The end that the needs of this pipe connect is introduced in the positive part of connector, and on the one hand, this connector has and the corresponding screw thread of the screw thread of nut on its outer surface, and on the other hand, this connector portion within it has a bellmouth.This pipe outwards distortion can limit this pipe that can be introduced in positive part shoulder with connected length to produce.In case the end of pipe is pushed in the positive part, this nut is screwed on the respective threads, is pressed in directly or indirectly on the crushed element of the rigidity pipe that needs connection.

The document of being quoted from does not point out how pipe is out of shape.In fact, known practice is that the end with the pipe of needs distortion is placed in the mould, and pressure is applied on the free end of pipe so that its tube wall deformation, and the material that forms this pipe is pushed in the housing that is arranged on for this purpose in the mould.

A shortcoming of this device is the work mechanism that must use can apply the heaviness of very big power.And, need a lot of energy to make pipe deformation.

Another shortcoming of this production method is that it can fracture and form to need the metallic fiber of connected pipe.Therefore, at deformed region, it is fragile that this pipe becomes.

For the connector of other types, the distortion of pipe is directly carried out in the end of the pipe that connects at needs.Known practice is to make pipe deformation by upsetting.Patent EP-0381603B1 has described the so a kind of method that is used to make connector.This method can not damaged metallic fiber and consume less energy, but can not produce those connectors that are disclosed among the document DE-19757946A1.

Summary of the invention

Therefore an object of the present invention is to provide and to make pipe in a kind of method that does not make its fragility apart from its free-ended segment distance place distortion.

For this reason, the present invention proposes usefulness so that have a kind of method that the pipe of a longitudinal axis is out of shape near its end, in the method, pipe is placed in the openable mould, this mould has and the corresponding groove of required final profile, and a free end of pipe stretches out from mould.

According to the present invention, this method is further comprising the steps of:

The end of-the pipe that will stretch out from mould is incorporated into the cavity of profiled member, this cavity have an end wall, shape set for and pipe and corresponding sidewall of required distortion and an opening relative with end wall,

-facing to the end of the end wall of cavity pushing pipe, between the opening of cavity and mould, reserve clearance,

-be applied on the end of pipe for axial power substantially one by means of profiled member, apply of the longitudinal axis rotation of the zone of power, thereby pipe is out of shape gradually around pipe,

-from the cavity of profiled member and mould, regain the end of distortion pipe.

The fact is that the power that forms the distortion that will obtain is not to be applied to simultaneously on the whole periphery of pipe, allows pipe to be out of shape gradually, the metallic fiber of the manufacturing pipe that do not fracture.When pipe was introduced in the cavity, distortion was controlled.By setting the shape of this cavity, pipe this part on free-ended predetermined length apart from it is not out of shape.

The axis of existence by turne tube can be applied to power the various possible mode on the pipe partly.For example, can pressure roller be acted on the wall of profiled member by rolling along wall and marking a circle around the axis of the pipe of required distortion.

In a advantageous embodiments according to this method of the present invention, for example, this profiled member by body plan in instrument with a longitudinal axis, the axis of the relative pipe of this longitudinal axis is that tilt and crossing with it, roughly axial power is applied to this end of pipe by turning tool, axial do one orbital motion of the relative pipe of this instrument, and make this instrument and mould close to each other simultaneously.

In this embodiment, the angle of inclination between the axis of the pivot center of cavity and pipe is 2 to 5 degree.

What it is also contemplated that out is, when the end of pipe was introduced in the cavity of instrument, a mold rods that leans against the tube inner wall that needs distortion was introduced in the pipe.The inside of pipe moulding in this pipe deformation thus.

In another embodiment according to this method of the present invention, profiled member is placed on the end of pipe, and the longitudinal axis that makes cavity is roughly corresponding to the longitudinal axis of pipe, and an external tool is facing to the apparent surface of the surface pushing profiled member of making cavity.

In this case, this external tool is preferably the instrument that has an axis, and this axis tilts with respect to the longitudinal axis of pipe, combines with rectilinear motion towards mould, and this instrument is done an orbital motion with respect to the longitudinal axis of pipe.

The invention still further relates to the instrument that is used to implement according to deformation method of the present invention.This instrument is the form of substantial cylindrical parts, be manufactured with the cavity of an opening in its end, the conical region that this cavity has a pivot center, is arranged on the end wall in the substantial transverse plane and is close to this end wall and narrows down along the direction away from this wall.This cavity has in its open end and is connected in first and one second conical region that broadens towards open end.

In order to form an annular protrusion and rib on the outer surface of the pipe of required distortion, this cavity preferably has a ring-shaped groove.Similarly, in order to form a ring-shaped groove on the outer surface of the pipe of required distortion, this cavity preferably has a circular rib.

Can be used to implement comprise the part of a substantial cylindrical according to the instrument of another type of method of the present invention, be manufactured with an open cavity in its end, the conical region that this cavity has a pivot center, is arranged on the end wall in the transverse plane and is close to this end wall, it also comprises the mold rods of being installed that can rotate relative to the axis of pitch of cavity.This mold rods makes pipe moulding internally in deformation process.

In a preferred embodiment of the type instrument, this cavity is produced in the tubular piece of installation mold bar, the end wall of cavity is that the base portion by mold rods forms, and these two parts are installed in the housing of the substantial cylindrical of the opening that has an end wall and be arranged in end opposite.

Brief description of drawings

Under any circumstance, with reference to the accompanying drawings, can understand the present invention well by following description, by nonrestrictive example a plurality of multi-form embodiment and a plurality of instruments of use in these are multi-form according to a method of the present invention shown in the drawings.

The contiguous place that Fig. 1 to 4 is schematically illustrated in the end of a pipe makes four steps in a kind of method of its distortion,

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view that a connector that obtains by the distortion shown in Fig. 1 to 4 is shown,

Fig. 6 is the view that is used for same procedure with the different instruments of the corresponding use of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is the cutaway view that a connector of the pipe that uses distortion shown in Figure 6 is shown,

Fig. 8 is embodiment and the corresponding view of Fig. 4 that is used for another form,

Fig. 9 is the cutaway view by a connector of pipe acquisition shown in Figure 8,

Figure 10-the 13rd illustrates the view according to a method of another form of the present invention,

Figure 14 is the cutaway view that a connector of the pipe acquisition of being out of shape by the method shown in Figure 10 to 13 is shown,

Figure 15 illustrates the embodiment of another form of this instrument shown in Figure 10 to 13 with bigger ratio, and

Figure 16 is the view with the embodiment of corresponding another form according to an instrument of the present invention of Figure 15.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 to 4 illustrates an openable mould 2 that has two jaw portions 4.Between these two jaw portions, can fix a pipe 6.This pipe is configured to make the one free end to stretch out from mould 2.These figure also illustrate 8, one cavitys 12 of an instrument with front surface 10 and are produced in the front surface 10.

Pipe 6 is columniform metal tubes.It has well-balanced longitudinal axis 14.Mould 2 is tending towards clamping pipe 6 when making pipe 6 distortion, and part has determined the shape of distortion pipe.These two jaw portions 4 that form mould 2 are by describing but those of skill in the art's known devices presses together.Thus, they are in place with pipe 6 clampings.One free end 16 of pipe 6 stretches out from mould 2.Pipe 6 will be deformed in its this zone of stretching out mould 2.

Jaw portion 4 has more or less and the corresponding recess 18 of the outer surface of the pipe that will be deformed.The size of this recess 18 is specific for to clamp pipe 6 well.Surface 20, the one additional grooves 22 of this mould that therefrom stretches out at the free end 16 of pipe are produced in each jaw portion 4.The shape of this groove 22 is designed to the form of distortion that will produce.

Instrument 8 comprises that an axle 24, one profiled members 26 are fixed on the end of axle 24.Cavity 12 is produced in the profiled member 26.Axle 24 and profiled member 26 are two parts with the cylindrical outer shape more or less that has co-rotation axis 28.This axis 28 intersects with the axis 14 of pipe and the relative latter tilts with about 4 ° angle.

Cavity 12 has an opening 30 that is positioned at front surface 10.The place relative with opening 30, cavity 12 have with respect to axis 28 and more or less are a horizontal end wall 32.In the end identical with end wall 32, cavity 12 has the surface 34 of a truncated cone shape.This frustum narrows down towards opening 30.Before opening 30, the zone of cavity 12 broadens once more.Therefore cavity 12 has a narrow point 36.Cavity 12 is the forms with two frusto-conical region of different taperings the broadening of same end of opening 30.

Fig. 1 only illustrates each object that is used for implementing according to a method of the present invention.In Fig. 2, can easily find out, relative motion has taken place between this instrument and the mould.At this supposition mould 2 is static, and instrument 8 can be along the direction moving linearly of the axis 14 that is parallel to pipe 6.Therefore, instrument 8 is near mould 2, and the free end 16 of pipe 6 enters into the cavity 12 of profiled member 26.Then, instrument 8 rotates around the axis 14 of pipe.This instrument is done orbital motion with respect to pipe 6.The axis 28 of this instrument marks a cone with respect to the axis 16 of pipe 2.This rotational motion is to combine with rectilinear motion along the assigned direction of the axis 14 of pipe 6.The tool clamp holder that is used for driven tool 8 does not illustrate in the drawings.Such tool clamp holder is conspicuous for a person skilled in the art.This can use with document FR-2660219 in the heading machine of described same type.

When instrument 8 moved near mould 2, the free end 16 of pipe leaned the end wall 32 of cavity 12.The length that the degree of depth of cavity 12 and pipe stretch out from mould makes when the end 16 of pipe leans the end wall 32 of cavity, still has a space between the surface 20 of the front surface 10 of instrument and mould.This instrument continues to be driven in its orbital motion and rectilinear motion so that pipe 6 distortion.By the combination of these two kinds of motions, instrument 8 is on the pipe 6, specifically applied an either large or small axial force on its free end 16.This power does not act on the whole periphery of pipe, just acts on the part.Rotate with instrument 8 application region of this power.Therefore, exist around a power of the periphery motion of pipe.This makes it possible to carry out " soft " distortion, and this distortion is for acutely can't the not fracture fiber of metal of the material of manufacturing pipe.

The frustum zone 34 of cavity 12 makes that the free end 16 of pipe 6 is not deformed when instrument 8 rotates.The distortion of pipe 6 is in narrow point 36 beginnings of cavity.Instrument 8 is pushed into the material of pipe 6 in the groove 22 that is produced in the jaw portion 4.Simultaneously, this part of this cavity between narrow point 36 and opening 30 outside of having defined pipe makes it be rendered as required shape.As shown in Figure 4, instrument 8 withstands the surface 20 of mould 2.Finished the distortion of pipe.Then from cavity 12, regain the free end 16 of pipe and open jaw portion 4.Discharge this pipe thus.

Fig. 5 illustrates and uses a connector of producing by the pipe of the distortion of method shown in Fig. 1 to 4.In this connector, can pick out pipe 6, a nut 38, a nipple 40 and a seal 44 of distortion with conical inner surface 42.Each parts are known for a person skilled in the art and are standard components.So do not repeat them here.By making the pipe upsetting enter the convex shoulder that resulting outer lug 46 in the groove 22 of jaw portion 4 can be used as the end that is positioned at nut 38.Externally can be used as the supporting part of seal 44 in this zone of moulding by profiled member 26.Seal 44 leans against on the front surface of joint 40.

Fig. 6 illustrates another form of instrument 8.Therefore, can make pipe 6 do different distortion.At this, in the zone of this cavity between opening 30 and narrow point 36, this cavity has the rib 48 of an annular, and rib 48 can be used to produce a groove 50 on the outer surface of pipe 6.This groove 50 can be used to admit an O shape ring seal 52.Make the method for pipe deformation same as described above.Therefore should figure description only be a step with corresponding this method of step shown in Figure 4.

Similarly, Fig. 8 illustrate with corresponding this deformation method of step shown in Figure 4 in a step.At this, the zone of this cavity between narrow point 36 and opening 30 has a ring-shaped groove 54.Groove 54 makes it possible to produce second projection 56 on the outer surface of pipe.As shown in Figure 9, therefore there is first projection, 46 and second projection 56.Second projection 56 is arranged in this zone of the trochoidal surface 42 of joint 40.O shape ring seal 52 is placed between two projectioies 46 and 56.Thus, obtained sealing at trochoidal surface 42.

Figure 10 to 13 illustrates another form referring to figs. 1 through 4 described these deformation methods.As shown in these figures, the instrument shown in instrument and Fig. 1 to 4,6 and 8 is very different as used herein.Total says, still deposits a profiled member 126 that is formed with cavity 112 within it.But,, have a mold rods 158 of being installed and rotate to center on axis of pitch 160 at the center of cavity 112.Profiled member 126 and mold rods 158 are installed in the housing that is formed in the supporting mass 162.This supporting mass self is installed on the axle 124.Axle 124 and supporting mass 162 have common rotational axis line 128.In mould 2 these one side, there are identical parts.The unique difference that should be noted that in Figure 10 to 13 is the groove 22 in the mould, and it has slightly different shape.As this method of previous description, the axis 14 of pipe 6 intersects with the axis of this instrument 128, and the angle that forms between axis 14 and the axis 128 is approximately 4 °.

This deformation method is as follows.

In first step shown in Figure 10, this instrument moves closer to mould 2.Therefore it has along the rectilinear motion of 14 assigned directions of axis of pipe 6.In this approaching motion process, this instrument is also done as above-mentioned orbital motion.Therefore the axis 14 of the axis 128 relative pipes of this instrument marks a cone.As shown in figure 10, the inwall of mold rods pushing pipe 6.The terminal edge of this mold rods is circular so that it can easily enter into pipe 6.Along with lasting near what move, pipe 6 is rotated and entered into to mold rods 158 around its axis 160.Contact area between the base portion of profiled member 126 and mold rods 158 is a sphere roughly.Spring 164 remains on position on the mold rods with profiled member.

As shown in figure 11, after mold rods entered pipe 6, near proceeding near motion of this instrument of mould, a wall of pipe 6 withstood the end wall of cavity 112.At this, the end wall of cavity 112 is that the base portion by mold rods 158 forms.This is illustrated among Figure 12.The approaching of this instrument that continues to combine with its orbital motion moved.Then, as the explanation of front, an either large or small axial force is applied on the free end of pipe.This power puts on the application region in the peripheral region rotation of pipe partly.But,, except distortion, also use mold rods to make the inside moulding of pipe by means of outer wall at this.Therefore, can control the pipe thickness of deformed region capitally.

In case finish distortion, this instrument is removed from mould, and the jaw portion 4 of mould is opened to discharge the pipe of distortion.Then available this pipe is produced as being illustrated in the connector among Figure 14.We can see a nut 138 that engages with nipple 140 at this.Certainly, nut 138 just was installed on the pipe 6 before pipe 6 distortion.In this connector, it should be noted that pipe 6 also has a projection 146, the end of nut 138 is against projection 146.In this zone of projection 146, pipe has the thickness of increase, and this obtains by using mold rods 158.

Figure 15 more at large and another form of this embodiment that can use the instrument in the method shown in Figure 10 to 13 is shown with bigger ratio.Still there are profiled member 126 and mold rods 158 at this.These two parts are accommodated in the supporting member 162.Supporting member 162 is installed in the end of axle 124.In resting position, this assembly has a pivot center 128.

This mold rods has the base portion of a dome that has planar bottom surface 166.This supporting member 162 is jar shapes.The planar bottom surface 166 of mold rods is against the inside end wall of supporting member 162.The base portion of mold rods 158 has along the projection (when this assembly is in resting position) of a truncated cone shape of axis 128 extensions.In its end, the projection of this truncated cone shape has a circumferential rib, and the shape of this rib is configured to the anticipation shape of the inside of pipe 6.Therefore, the transition between the projection of the base portion of this mold rods and truncated cone shape is the axle 160 in the joint of mold rods.This axis 128 with respect to instrument is horizontal.

Profiled member 126 at this is tubular piece.It covers mold rods 158 with ring form.At the base portion of mold rods, profiled member 126 contacts with it.Contact surface is a spherical surface roughly.This surface allows mold rods to rotate, and profiled member 126 is rotated.At the truncated cone shape high spot of mold rods, between mold rods and profiled member, there is a clearance.Passing through of the wall of the pipe 6 that this clearance permission will be out of shape.The outer surface of profiled member 126 is roughly cylindrical.It is complementary with the inwall of the supporting member 162 of jar shape.One elastic ring 168 remains on mold rods 158 and ring 126 formed assemblies in the supporting member 162.

Figure 16 illustrates and is used for making near the free end 16 of pipe 6 it to produce another form of an instrument of distortion.At this, mould 2 remains unchanged.A surface 20 that the pipe 6 that it has two jaw portions 4, will be out of shape therefrom stretches out and a housing that holds this pipe.Still be provided with groove 22, to allow the distortion of tube wall.

At this, this tool making becomes two independent parts: a moulding jack 226 and a smooth mold rods 270 that tilts.

This profiled member 126 has the form of a jack that is closed in one end thereof.Therefore this profiled member has a cavity 212.This cavity is configured to the shape of the required distortion of pipe and pipe.Profiled member 226 has a pivot center.When profiled member was in position on the free end 16 of pipe 6, this pivot center was consistent with the axis 14 of pipe.On the opposite side of cavity 212 for open surface, this profiled member has a horizontal planar end wall 272.

The smooth mold rods of this inclination comprises an axle 224 that has axis 228.This axis 228 intersects with the axis 14 of pipe and relative this axis tilts.Be installed on the end of axle 224 is the head 274 with mold rods of smooth and conical front surface 276.This conical angle makes front surface present the edge 278 perpendicular to the axis 14 of pipe.

In order to make pipe deformation, profiled member 226 is set in the position on the free end of pipe 6.This profiled member can be connected on the mould 2.This connection allows profiled member 226 to move along the straight line of axis 14.The free end of pipe 16 is against the end wall of the cavity 212 of profiled member 226.Make the smooth mold rods of inclination do orbital motion.Therefore its axis 228 relative axis 14 mark a taper shape.This mold rods 270 also along axis 14 given direction towards mould 2 moving linearlies.Mold rods 270 is by means of the end wall 272 of its front surface 276 pushing profiled members 226.In this motion process, always there is an edge 278 to contact with the end wall 272 of profiled member 226.This contact wire rotates around axis 14.This mold rods 270 is applied to an either large or small axial force on the profiled member 226.This power all is delivered on the pipe 16.Localized in the position that the angle is arranged with end wall 272 contacted edges 278.In the orbital motion process of mold rods 270, apply of the free-ended periphery motion of the zone of power around pipe.In case finished required distortion, regain mold rods and profiled member 226, by opening the pipe that mould 2 discharges distortion.

Above-described all methods can both make pipe be out of shape near it is free-ended.Because the energy that is used for making pipe deformation less than in the prior art in order to reach so employed energy of distortion, so these methods are economic methods.In addition, these methods can make the metal tube distortion, and the fiber of the metal that can not fracture.Consequently, in the zone of distortion, pipe can not show fragility.The intensity of pipe is consistent with rigidity along its whole length.

Need not many speeches, the present invention is not limited to above by the described all methods of nonrestrictive example, perhaps is confined to by the described instrument of nonrestrictive example, and on the contrary, it has contained all variations in the scope that is in following claims.

Claims

1. use so that have the method that the pipe (6) of longitudinal axis (14) is out of shape near its end (16), in the method, pipe (6) is placed in the openable mould (2) that has with the corresponding groove of required final outer shape (22), one free end (16) of pipe stretches out from mould (2), it is characterized in that it is further comprising the steps of:

The end (16) of the pipe that will stretch out from mould (2) is incorporated into the cavity (12 of profiled member (26,126,226), 112,212) in, this cavity has an end wall (32), shape set is and pipe and corresponding sidewall of required distortion and an opening (30) relative with end wall (32)

Support the end of the end wall pushing pipe (16) of cavity (12,112,212), between the opening of cavity and mould, reserving clearance,

By means of profiled member (26,126,226) axial force is applied on the end (16) of pipe, applies of longitudinal axis (14) rotation of the zone of power, thereby cause pipe to be out of shape gradually around pipe,

Cavity (12,112,212) and the middle end of regaining the distortion pipe of mould (2) from profiled member.

2. deformation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: profiled member (26,126) by body plan to having longitudinal axis (28,128) in the instrument (8), longitudinal axis (28, the 128) axis of pipe relatively is that tilt and crossing with it, makes responsive to axial force on the end of pipe by rotating this instrument, then make the axis (14) of the relative pipe of instrument do orbital motion, and make instrument (8) and mould (2) closer to each other simultaneously.

3. deformation method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the angle of inclination between pivot center of cavity (28,128) and the tube axis (14) is between 2 to 5 degree.

4. as a described deformation method of claim in claim 2 and 3, it is characterized in that: when the end (16) of pipe was introduced in the cavity (112) of instrument, the mold rods (158) that leans against on the inwall of the pipe (6) that needs distortion was introduced in this pipe.

5. deformation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: profiled member (226) is placed on the end (16) of pipe, make the longitudinal axis of cavity (212) corresponding with the longitudinal axis (14) of pipe, an external tool (270) be pushed on profiled member (226) with the surperficial facing surfaces (272) that is formed with cavity (212).

6. deformation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: this external tool is the instrument (270) that has axis (228), axis (228) longitudinal axis (14) of pipe relatively tilts, combine with the rectilinear motion towards mould (2), the longitudinal axis of the relative pipe of this instrument is done an orbital motion.

7. be used for implementing the instrument (8) of a described deformation method of claim of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: it is the form of cylindrical parts, be manufactured with the cavity (12) of an opening in its end, the conical region (34) that cavity (12) has a pivot center (28), is arranged on the end wall (32) in the transverse plane and is close to this end wall (32) and narrows down along the direction away from this wall.

8. instrument as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: cavity (12) has in its open end (10) and is connected in first and one second conical region that broadens towards open end (10).

9. as a described instrument of claim in claim 7 and 8, it is characterized in that: cavity (12) has a ring-shaped groove (54).

10. as a described instrument of claim in the claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that: cavity (12) has a circular rib (48).

11. be used to implement the instrument of the described deformation method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: it comprises a cylindrical part, be manufactured with an open cavity (112) in its end, the conical region that cavity (112) has a pivot center (128), is arranged on the end wall in the transverse plane and is close to this end wall, it also comprises the mold rods (158) of being installed that can rotate relative to the axis of pitch (160) of cavity.

12. instrument as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: this cavity is produced in the tubular piece (126) of installation mold bar (158), the end wall of cavity is that the base portion by mold rods forms, and these two parts are installed in the cylindrical housings that has an end wall and be arranged in the opening of end opposite.