CN1330561A

CN1330561A - Pulsatile pump

Info

Publication number: CN1330561A
Application number: CN99814681A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 厄休拉·布吕什克; 曼弗莱德·格尔纳; 享德里克·海因策; 彼得拉·基拉特; 约翰内斯·米勒; 沃纳·诺伊曼; 彼得·尼塞尔
Original assignee: BERLIN KARDIOTECHNIK GmbH
Current assignee: BERLIN KARDIOTECHNIK GmbH
Priority date: 1998-12-18
Filing date: 1999-12-20
Publication date: 2002-01-09
Also published as: WO2000037126A1; AU2284400A; RU2211709C2; CA2355324A1; EP1140249A1; JP2002532204A; DE19963533A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a pulsatile pump and to a blood pump for assisting or for replacing the human or animal heart. The aim of the invention is to provide drives for a pump and to provide pumps which are characterized by having a small overall size, especially a low overall height, which do not exhibit proper motion during operation, and which have a small mass. To this end, the invention provides a pulsatile pump comprised of a stator which is mounted in a housing and of an actuator which can be moved in relation to the stator using electromagnetism and spring force. Said actuator can move in a reciprocating manner between a first position and a second position, during which a fluid chamber comprising an intake and outflow opening enlarges and contracts. The inventive pulsatile pump is characterized in that the actuator (15) comprises, on the side adjacent to the stator (12), recesses (154) and projections (121) which correspond to the structure of the stator (12) and which can engage inside of one another in said stator (12).

Description

Jerk pump

The present invention relates to a kind of described jerk pump of prior art part according to claim 1, and a kind of blood pump that is used to support or replace the mankind or animal hearts.

The electromagnetic driver of known a kind of blood pump from DE-C1-19609281, wherein two and half cores move relative to each other, and form an iron circuit with excitation coil.One and half cores are fixed in the blood pump housing, and another half core according to drain position and introduce between the position magnetic excitation backward and move forward.At exhaust position, a haemocoele chamber of blood pump is compressed, and blood is discharged by dump valve.Because the employing of magnetic fluid in the gap of electromagnetic circuit, the magnetic characteristic of driver improves, so the volume of pump can be reduced.

US-A-5599173 has described a kind of blood pump that has a deformable blood chamber, and this pump has a pair of relative planar circular wall that is essentially.These walls are compressed with the emptying blood chamber by a pair of solenoid driver increased pressure board.

Known driver or blood pump have such shortcoming in the aforementioned publication, and promptly they take big relatively space.Therefore, in human body or the intravital transplanting of animal difficulty or become impossible relatively.

The driver and the pump that the purpose of this invention is to provide pump, it especially has little design height by little design volume and is different from prior art, in operating process, do not have self to move and quality little.

The objective of the invention is to realize by jerk pump with claim 1 feature and claim 22 feature.The present invention preferably provides in the dependent claims with favourable improvement.

Therefore, the drive system that provides a kind of size to reduce according to the solution of the present invention, under the situation that forms driver stator and activator by this way, they are meshing with each other in one or another kind of position (position of engagement) of two kinds of possible end positions and therefore only little design height are provided.The design height of meshing part is less than the summation of the design height of stator and activator thus.

A kind of very flat driver is provided by this way, therefore can have further advantageously generated a kind of very flat blood pump according to technical solution of the present invention.This blood pump can be implanted preferably.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, stator and activator form a height in the position that is meshing with each other together, and it is only less times greater than the height of stator.So compare with known driver, driver height or almost the halving of height that has a pump of described driver are possible.

Valuably, stator and activator have core assembly, and described assembly is along the periphery extension and have a U-shaped cross-section in fact, and they cooperatively interact in the position of engagement.The U-shaped cross-section design of core assembly makes the core assembly with simple geometric structures to be meshing with each other.In this case, being used for the annular magnetic coil that magnetic excites the magnetic loop that is formed by stator and activator preferably inserts in the U-shaped cross-section recess of stator.The geometry of a compactness so just is provided.Further, insert in the stator because magnetic coil is whole, magnetic coil is fixed with being stabilized and can not be moved, so saved energy at the blood pump duration of work.The quality that is moved is reduced thus.The supporting surface because moving member does not flow has further increased reliability.

Here should be noted that and The present invention be more particularly directed to electromagnetic driver.The present invention is not confined to this driver, but comprises the driver of all pumps, and described pump has a stator and a removable activator.Described activator for example also can be driven by Electromagnetic Drive, electric hydraulic pressure or electro-pneumatic.

Preferably have in the position of engagement according to driver of the present invention (stator-activator-combination) power is applied to device on the activator along the another location direction.The outstanding thrum spring arrangement of described device, when stopping magnetic and excite, this device with activator from divided stator from and press described fluid cavity, thereby the fluid that discharging will be transferred.Activator is preferably in its side facing to fluid cavity at this moment and forms a flat in fact pressure plare, so that fluid cavity is compressed equably.

Fluid cavity forms by barrier film, and it is with the described pressure plare of a kind of on-fixed state against activator.In one embodiment of the invention, pressure plare has pressure compensation holes, its bottom that produces in the pumping process of compensation and upper pressure and prevent membranous adhesion.Profiling by the pressure plare surface has further prevented membranous adhesion.

This just provides at position of engagement activator and stator and only has been in contact with one another at proximal surface, so that phenomenons such as the inclination of parts or clamping stagnation, friction loss, fret wear, noise pollution can not occur.

In the of the present invention further embodiment according to claim 11 to 16, described stator-activator-combination has a guiding device, and activator is supported on the described guiding device, can intermittently move with respect to stator by this device activator.The guiding device of activator causes and moves the intermittence of a qualification between two end positions, so that activator and stator all can be formed flat pattern, because this flat design, eliminates or reduced the activator that is easy to occur and the inclination and the clamping stagnation of stator.

Described guiding device advantageously is provided with at the center, so that given a kind of being symmetrical arranged only just can prevent from or reduce to tilt with a guiding device.Because adopt the center guide device, component count is few, has further increased the compactedness of driving device thus.

Have a vertical guide member at guiding device described in the variant embodiment, especially have a driver center guide pin, activator is supported on this guide pins with longitudinal movement.Replacedly, described guiding device adopts suitable sheet spring arrangement and forms, as a sheet spring guiding device.Here save required center guide part, so that further increased the compactedness of driver.Described spring arrangement is also with the effect of a kind of centering mode, and promptly the non-central active force on activator stands a counteracting force along the center fixture direction, activator is regulated by required orientation so that reach with respect to stator.

Ideally, described guiding device is formed a kind of linear guide, and this device only has a degree of freedom vertically.Yet because stator and the flat setting of activator and the little guiding device length that is in contact with it, so must very accurately form described driver and arrangement for guiding.This is pretty troublesome and also is expensive, and does not usually reach required precision.

So, when adopting axially guiding, for prevent activator on described guiding device and/or with the clamping stagnation of stator, described guiding device replacedly is formed a kind of wobble bush.This scheme allows to occur a spot of inclination of activator.This inclination can not stop the effect of driver, and this is because according to being meshing with each other between stator of the present invention and the activator, reached these assemblies in this position that is meshing with each other one is defined the position.For example can finish a wobble bush by a sheet spring arrangement or an oscillation bearing that is connected in the center guide pin.

The best rotation-symmetric of activator and stator ground forms, and this has increased simplification and compactedness to the driver design again.

Preferably have the housing around driver and pump housing of a flat in fact formation according to blood pump of the present invention, and have suction and the tap that is transferred liquid, described hole is connected with pump housing.Described for this reason stator stably is fixed in described housing, and activator is movably with respect to stator and housing simultaneously.

Can have one or even several stator-activator-combination according to pump of the present invention.Adopt two electromagnetic drivers to have advantage, these two drivers symmetry in pump case is oppositely arranged.Fluid cavity is set between the corresponding activator thus, and compresses this cavity from both sides by described two activators.Having two advantages that are symmetrical arranged the balanced system of driver is that it is compared with one-sided system, only transmits little propulsive force in the process of the human body of described pump and animal body has been implanted in the pump pumping.Owing to adopt two stator-activator-combinations, further provide a unnecessary system, when a stator-activator-another still can be worked when combination quit work.

Be not limited to two driving devices of employing according to pump of the present invention.The driver of larger amt can be provided, four drivers for example can be provided.

Of the present inventionly have extremely that the pump of flat driver preferably has the same size of hands, can not go wrong so that described pump can be implanted in the human body that receive treatment.This pump especially is used as a blood pump of support or alternative human heart.

Describe the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing and the mode by several embodiment.

Fig. 1 a is the schematic diagram that has a pump that attracts activator;

Fig. 1 b is the schematic diagram that has a pump that advances activator;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that has a pump of filling liquid body cavity;

Fig. 2 b is the schematic diagram that has a pump in evacuation of liquid chamber;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of two sheet springs;

Fig. 4 is the Ning section that has the pump of a known swinging guide;

Fig. 5 is a monolithic spring;

Fig. 6 is a monolithic spring that has the pressure disc spring;

Fig. 7 is a biplate spring that has the pressure disc spring;

Fig. 8 a-d is the schematic diagram according to swinging guide effect of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that connects between activator and stator by catch spring and catch-hook;

Figure 10 a is the Ning section of flat (thin slice) blood pump;

Figure 10 b is the schematic top view of blood pump.

Fig. 1 a represents a jerk pump, and it forms an one-sided system, promptly forms an activator-stator-combination.This pump is flat (thin slice) annular shape.Stator 12 and activator 15 are arranged in the housing 11.Activator 15 is attracted in the view shown in Fig. 1 a, and this makes fluid cavity 16 be filled.Fluid cavity 16 is limited towards activator 15 by a barrier film 161.Attraction to activator 15 is undertaken by magnetic coil 19, and this coil forms a kind of endless belt here.

Fig. 1 b represents the jerk pump during the reactive fluid chamber 16 of passing through pressure disc spring 18 after magnetic coil 19 cut-outs by compression.Fluid flows out from fluid cavity 16 by suction or discharge orifice 17.

Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b represent when use two symmetrically relative stator-activators-in conjunction with the time jerk pump aspiration procedure.Because activator 15 is attracted by the closure of magnetic coil 19, the cavity of the fluid cavity 16 in pump increases, and makes fluid cavity 16 to be filled thus.After cutting off magnetic coil 19, two activators 15 are compressed by pressure disc spring 18 in fluid cavity 16 evacuation procedure, and wherein fluidic evacuation procedure is terminated by the ultimate range that is provided with between restriction activator 15 and the stator 12 by catch-hook 4 and catch spring 3 (Fig. 9 a is to 9d).The electrical interconnection of magnetic coil 19 is expression respectively not.Using under the blood pump situation, the control device of operating pumps and current supply device can externally carry, and for example are carried on patient's the belt.

Further, pump has several pressure disc springs 18 that are provided with on a ring, apply the power away from stator 12 on activator 15.For pressure disc spring 18 in stator 12 and the support in activator 15, little recess is provided on stator and activator.

Be used for activator 15 axially the oscillation bearings 14 of guiding by connector be connected to the substrate of activator 15 to rationed marketing.From Fig. 4, can be clear that especially,, adopt known oscillation bearing 14 that two additional degrees of freedom are provided extending axially on the guide finger 13 for the inclination of activator 15 with respect to stator 12.Can see the inclination and the compensating action of activator 15 from Fig. 8 a to Fig. 8 d.

Although common axial guiding device is used in particular for preventing the inclination of the part on described axial guiding device, owing to tilt often to interrelate with unwelcome clamping, the present invention allows to exist to tilt by oscillation bearing 14, has prevented the clamping stagnation of guiding device 13 thus.Because the corresponding recess in the external diameter of stator 12 and the activator 15 is fit to respectively by this way mutually,, even also can not come in contact or only come in contact, also clamping stagnation can not occur in this position in the tilting procedure of activator 15 on supporting surface that is.So can carry out the safety guiding that an axial guiding device only arranged of activator 15 with respect to stator 12.

The operating process of fluid pump is as follows:

Produce magnetic field during the electric current supply of magnetic coil 19, it applies the power along stator 12 directions on activator 15.Therefore activator 15 12 moves along guiding device 13 towards stator.Meanwhile, be arranged on the magnetic coil 19 is received in the recess of activator 15 there.The recess and the ledge of the corresponding formation of stator 12 and activator 15 are provided.

Activator is in the position that is meshing with each other now.Along with moving of activator 15 enters the position that is meshing with each other together, the cavity of fluid cavity 16 increases, and this fluid that causes being transferred flows into by inlet hole 17.During fluid filled, stable by the electric current maintenance of magnetic coil 19, so that keep described magnetic excitation, activator 15 and stator 12 keep certain hour in the position that is meshing with each other, till blood chamber 16 is filled full blood.

For discharge liquid, interrupt the electric current supply of magnetic coil 19 by electric current supply and control device.Because the clamping force of pressure disc spring 18, activator 15 moves along the direction of blood chamber 16, and compression blood chamber 16, and its side forms a pressure plare 5 thus, and the above-mentioned blood that is transferred is discharged from pump by discharge orifice 18 simultaneously.Provide suitable valve (not shown) in this case, the flow direction of this control blood.Described motion stops at a further end position of activator 15.

In one was further replaced, fluid cavity 16 had pressure compensation holes, is used to prevent from highly to find time (vacuum), by this hole pressure compensation (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) can take place.

Express moving of two activators 15 the end position from Fig. 8 a to Fig. 8 d.The possibility because the inclination of oscillation bearing 14 (Fig. 4) activator 15 becomes thus, clamping stagnation does not take place in activator 15 on guiding device 13.Because the mutual guiding of stator 12 and activator 15 when meshing each other, guarantees that occurring one in the position that is meshing with each other is defined the position.

In one embodiment, the Electromagnetic Drive power demand is about 120W.Meanwhile, coil 16 is by electric current, the longest 10ms of each discharge process (millisecond).Each discharge process is carried about 70ml fluid (for example blood) by pump.The pressure disc spring 18 that is adopted preferably has 80N to the spring force between the 120N on the length of 6mm.The height of stator 12 particularly at 5mm between the 15mm, the height of activator 15 also is from 5mm to 15mm, the total height of be meshing with each other position stator 12 and rotor 15 be 6mm to 20mm, the total height of pump preferably 1.5cm to 4.5cm.The diameter of pump is preferably in 5cm between the 11cm.

Express the wobble bush of a replacement in Fig. 3,5,6 and 7, this guiding device is realized by a sheet spring arrangement.Described wobble bush has replaced guiding device shown in Figure 4 13 and oscillation bearing 14.Further, pump respectively as with reference to figure 1 and as shown in Figure 2 formation.

Wobble bush based on the sheet spring arrangement has a sheet spring 2, and this sheet spring forms starlike and begins to have four supporting legs that are bent downwardly 180 ° from activator installing rack 23.Stator 12 is connected to sheet spring 2 by the mounting points 32 in curved leg zone.

This device provides activator 15 with respect to stator 12 three degrees of freedom of movement, i.e. degree of freedom vertically and two inclination degree of freedom.When the noncentral force on acting on activator 15 was subjected to along the counteracting force of the long axis direction of sheet spring 2, the sheet spring arrangement was with a kind of mode effect that centers.

Further, this oscillating motion (be similar to and described) assurance activator 15 and stator 12 be by clamping stagnation, although and the design height of activator 15 and stator 12 little, for these parts that further reduce design height also can cooperatively interact reliably.

The embodiment of the pressure disc spring 18 that Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 represent acts on as described with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, is used for producing on activator 15 power away from stator 12, and during with the excitation of box lunch cancellation magnetic force, the direction of activator 15 longshore current body cavitys 16 moves.

Fig. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of wobble bush, does not wherein adopt isolating pressure disc spring 18, and sheet spring 2 is used to guide activator 15, and is used to produce a power that moves activator 15 against fluid cavity 16.In this solution, sheet spring 2 best comparatively robusts, so that guarantee to be implemented in the effect that produces a power on the activator 15, this makes it possible to a little tilting value.

Wobble bush shown in Figure 3 is at first corresponding to wobble bush shown in Figure 5.But identical but less in design another sheet spring 2a additionally offers starlike spring 2 again, and this sheet spring 2a is arranged in large stretch of spring 2.Interconnect by connector 33 their installed surfaces separately.The curved leg end of sheet spring 2 and sheet spring 2a is connected to stator 12 in mounting points.For constant excitation device 15, provide a mounting points at the upper surface of the installed surface of sheet spring 2.

This spring arrangement causes under same case only to the linear guide of activator 15 with respect to stator 12, this be since the inclination of outer plate spring 2 be subjected in sheet spring 2a prevention or reduced greatly at least.This distortion realizes the central linear guiding of activator 15 with respect to stator 12 thus.When the one degree of freedom that only provides vertically, the assembly of coadapted stator 12 and activator 15 must accurately be made, so that can guarantee to eliminate clamping stagnation.

Fig. 7 represents a kind of combination of

biplate spring arrangement

2 and 2a, and it also has pressure disc spring arrangement 18 except sheet spring 2 and sheet spring 2a.In this embodiment,

sheet spring

2 and 2a form less, because they only play guide function.

Figure 10 represents an embodiment according to blood pump of the present invention with demonstrating, its provide one as shown in Figure 6 have the monolithic spring 2 replacing guiding device 13 and a sheet spring arrangement of pressure disc spring 18.Stroke shown in Fig. 9 a is limited in here and also can realizes.

The present invention is not limited in the embodiment of the foregoing description.The present invention is not limited to especially has U-shaped like cross section and intermeshing this occupation mode.Essence of the present invention only is in the driving device of a fluid pump, stator 12 and activator 15 have corresponding form respectively in their side, and have recess and ledge, and adjoin each other by this way, be that stator 12 and activator 15 cooperatively interact in the position that is meshing with each other, meanwhile the design height of driver is reduced, and/or an activator guiding device is provided.

Mark mark catalogue:

2 spring 2a sheet springs

3 catch springs, 4 catch-hooks

5 pressure plares, 11 housings

12 stators, 13 guiding devices

14 oscillation bearings, 15 drivers

16 fluid cavitys/blood chamber 161 barrier films

17 suctions-or discharge orifice 18 pressure disc springs (coil spring)

19 magnetic coils, 23 driver mounting portions

25 lead to opening 26 pressure equalisation openings of external environment condition

32 at mounting portion 33 stators on the stator and the connection gasket between the driver

T swing point E plane

Ss axis stator Ss driver axis

Claims

1, a kind of jerk pump, comprise and be arranged on the activator that the intravital stator of shell and can be moved by electromagnetic force and spring force with respect to described stator, described activator intermittently moves between a primary importance and a second position, increase or reduce to have the volume of the fluid cavity of an inlet hole and a discharge orifice thus, it is characterized in that:

Activator (15) has corresponding recess (154) and corresponding ledge (121) in a side of adjacency stator (12) with reference to the design of this stator, and they can be meshing with each other with described stator (12).

2, according to the described jerk pump of claim 1, it is characterized in that, form a height together at described stator in the position that is meshing with each other (12) and activator (15), it is only less times greater than the height of stator (12).

According to claim 1 or 2 described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that 3, stator (12) and activator (15) have the magnetic current transit area, it is along the periphery extension and form U-shaped cross-section in fact, and cooperatively interacts in the position that is meshing with each other.

4, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that magnetic coil (19) is integrally formed in the stator (12).

5, according to claim 3 and 4 one of any described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that magnetic coil (19) is arranged in the stator (12) annularly.

6, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that a flexible partition (161) is arranged on the described activator (15), this barrier film restriction fluid cavity (16), and contact with the pressure plare of activator (15) infrequently.

7, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim l to 6, it is characterized in that, can move away from the described position that is meshing with each other by a pressure disc spring (18) activator (15).

8, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that activator (15) forms an applanation plate (5) in fact in its side away from stator (12).

9, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that activator (15) and stator (12) only can be in contact with one another at supporting surface.

10, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that activator (15) is supported on the guiding device (13).

11, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that guiding device (13) is provided with at the center.

12, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that described guiding device (13) is a vertical guiding device, activator (15) is supported on this guiding device with longitudinal movement.

13, according to claim 9 or 10 described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that, guiding device (13) have a sheet spring (2,2a).

According to claim 11 or 12 described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that 14, described guiding device (13) forms in central linear.

15, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that guiding device (13) is formed a wobble bush (14,2)

16, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 15, it is characterized in that, sheet spring (2,2a) formation is starlike, and have at least three and be bent downwardly supporting leg 180 ° and that extend from the upper surface of activator installing rack (23), wherein activator (15) is connected to the upper surface of sheet spring (2), and stator (12) is connected on the supporting leg of reclinate spring (2), or vice-versa.

According to the described jerk pump of claim 15, it is characterized in that 17, sheet spring (2) additionally has another small-size slice spring (2a), it is arranged in the bigger sheet spring (2), and (2,2a) supporting leg and upper surface are rigidly connected wherein said two sheet springs mutually.

18, according to claim 15 or 16 described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that, and the sheet spring (2,2a), order about activator (15) away from stator (12) additionally as a spring part that produces power.

According to any one described jerk pump of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that 19, activator (15) and stator (12) rotation are symmetrically formed.

According to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 19, it is characterized in that 20, stator (12) and activator (15) are by being provided with catch spring (3) and catch-hook (4) is limited.

21, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 20, it is characterized in that two relative stators (12)-activator (15)-combination is set, and wherein fluid cavity (16) is set between two activators (15) of described device.

22, the blood pump of support or alternative human body or animal hearts is characterized in that, and is a kind of according to the described jerk pump of claim 1 to 21 (1).

23, according to the described jerk pump of claim 22, it is characterized in that, one in fact the housing of flat (11) around a described stator-activator-combination and a blood chamber (16), and suction inlet and floss hole (17) with blood chamber of being connected to (16).

According to claim 22 or 23 described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that 24, housing (11) is formed circle.

25, according to one of any described jerk pump of claim 1 to 22, it is characterized in that activator (15) has pressure compensation holes (26).

26, according to claim 1 to 22 and 25 one of any described jerk pumps, it is characterized in that the pressure plare (5) of activator (15) has a fairshaped structure (groove).