CN1328231A

CN1328231A - Direct transfer method of heat energy for increasing efficiency of steam generator and saving energy

Info

Publication number: CN1328231A
Application number: CN 00118272
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭跃生; 张聿龙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-06-11
Filing date: 2000-06-11
Publication date: 2001-12-26

Abstract

A direct heat energy transfer method for increasing the efficient of steam generator and saving energy features that the heat energy generated by fuel combustino is directly transfered to working medium without intermediate medium. Its advantages are full use of heat energy, low cost and less environmental pollution.

Description

A kind of method that makes the steam generator Synergistic and energy-saving---the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy

This method is applicable to various steam generators, belongs to the heat enginnering field.

The present various steam generators of using (boiler), the method of heating for working medium (water) all adopts the indirect of medium, by medium (furnace wall) combustion heat is passed to working medium in the mode of convection current exactly, make working medium reach temperature required, i.e. the indirect transfer of heat energy.This transfer mode has very big shortcoming, promptly because flame and combustion gas need form the very big temperature difference when refrigerant heat transfer, discharged flue gas has been taken away a big chunk combustion heat (according to introducing in " Engineering Thermodynamics and thermal conduction study ": the flue gas of boiler and the other parts of the boiler loss combustion heat about 56%) of fuel to making.So promptly wasted a large amount of fuel, also made atmosphere be subjected to polluting significantly.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combustion heat that makes various steam generators can make full use of fuel, improve the thermal efficiency of steam generator, energy savings, the structure of abbreviation steam generator, reduce manufacturing cost, and reduce a kind of method---the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy atmosphere pollution.

The substance of " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " is: original steam generator (boiler) is changed system into novel steam generator based on a combustion chamber and a vaporizer, make fuel fully burning in described combustion chamber, its high-temperature fuel gas, flue gas enter vaporizer by the vaporization screen, again water smoke is sprayed into vaporizer, water smoke will absorb heat rapidly and be vaporized into required steam, the combustion heat that is fuel is not directly passed to working medium (water) by any medium, thereby finishes the thermal energy transfer process.

Use this method, the temperature of the flue gas that discharges is reduced greatly, made full use of the combustion heat of fuel, the thermal efficiency that will have steam generator (boiler) now is enhanced about more than once, but also the structure of the existing boiler of abbreviation greatly, reduce manufacturing cost, and can purify institute's discharged flue gas greatly, reduce pollution atmosphere.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the process that " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " is applied to the basic structure of novel steam generator that fuel is fuel oil, combustion gas, fire coal and thermal energy transfer method, thermal cycle is specified:

One, working medium is that hot water, fuel are that the novel steam generator and the heat circulating system of fuel oil or combustion gas seen Fig. 1.At first fuel sprays into combustion chamber 2 through nozzle 1, and air sprays into combustion chamber 2 by air-spray hole 3, and with the fuel mix burning, the high-temperature fuel gas of all burnt and flue gas enter vaporizer 8 by the fish scale hole of vaporization screen 4 and the slit between turbulator 6 and the vaporization screen 4.Water shields 4 by water pump 7 pressurizations after water smoke nozzle 5 sprays to vaporization, most water smoke is vaporized the screen vaporization, fraction water smoke then no show vaporization screen is just vaporized by high-temperature fuel gas, steam fully mixes with high-temperature fuel gas, flue gas in vaporizer and becomes superheated steam, and after pipeline enters heat exchanger.Be provided with in the heat exchanger steam deceleration diffuser 9, waterfog head 10 several, the waterfog head hierarchal arrangement also sprays water smoke, become required hot water after steam and the water smoke heat exchange jointly and be sent to, by back water pump 12 it is sent back to water pump 7 and water smoke nozzle 10 after the working-medium water heat release with heat place 14.CO ₂With NO _xEnter atmosphere Deng waste gas through toxic emission valve 11,, so far finish a thermal energy transfer and thermal cycle process with being provided with water and 13 between heat place 14 and the back water pump 12

Two, working medium is that steam, fuel are the novel steam generator of fuel oil or combustion gas, and heat circulating system is referring to Fig. 2, the basic structure of this steam generator and described working medium are that the structure of novel steam generator of fuel oil, combustion gas of hot water is identical, different is because of working medium be steam, so in heat circulating system without heat exchanger, but the steam that is produced is directly delivered to heat place 12, and hot well 10 and Waste gas outlet 11 are set at end with heat place 12.

The novel steam generator of using fuel oil, the combustion gas of " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " should note following some:

1, a grain of water smoke is tiny as far as possible.

2, the injection of water smoke will have enough speed.

3, vaporizer will have enough turbulence intensities.

Three, working medium is the novel steam generator and the heat circulating system of coal dust or water-coal-slurry for hot water fuel, referring to Fig. 3, its basic structure is: by burner 1, and combustion chamber 2, vaporization screen 3, turbulator 4, water smoke nozzle 5, vaporizer 7, deslagging chamber 8, slag-discharging device 17, deduster 9, filter 10 grades constitute novel steam generator.By steam deceleration diffuser 11, low-pressure water mist jet device 12 grades constitute heat exchanger.The mode of its thermal energy transfer and the process of thermal cycle are: fuel and air spray into combustion chamber 2 through burner 1, fully the lime-ash after the burning falls into the 8A of deslagging chamber, send into the 8B of deslagging chamber through slag-discharging device 17 again, remaining dust and high-temperature fuel gas, flue gas enters vaporizer 7 by vaporization screen 3, water smoke sprays to vaporization screen 3 through nozzle 5, vaporizer becomes water smoke into high-temperature steam as previously mentioned, dust in the steam is through deduster 9, filter 10 leaches and falls into the 8B of deslagging chamber, high-temperature steam and flue gas become hot water by steam deceleration diffuser 11 in heat exchanger with after the water smoke heat exchange, enter with heat place 16, CO through pipeline ₂, NO _xEnter atmosphere Deng waste gas through the air bleeding valve 13 of heat exchanger end.Hot water is supplied with nozzle 12 and water pump 6 through back water pump 14 again through with getting back to well 15 after heat place's heat release, so far finishes the direct transmission and the thermal cycle process of heat energy.

Four, working medium is that steam, fuel are that the novel steam generator and the heat circulating system of coal dust or water-coal-slurry seen Fig. 4, the structure of its novel steam generator and working method and working medium described in " three " are that hot water, fuel are that the structure and the working method of novel steam generator of coal dust or water-coal-slurry is identical, and in thermal cycle, because of working medium is steam, so do not need heat exchanger steam heat is not passed to water again, but the steam that is produced directly is sent to heat place 13, and Waste gas outlet 12 is set at end with the heat place.Steam cooling after locating heat release with heat condenses into water and flows into well 11, is proposed to supply with nozzle 5 by water pump 6 again, thereby has finished the transmission and the thermal cycle process of heat energy.

Use " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy ", fuel be the novel steam generator of coal dust or water-coal-slurry should note following some:

1, pressure combustion should be taked in the combustion chamber.

2, the deslagging work of deslagging chamber can not influence the normal combustion of combustion chamber, and makes deslagging chamber and external environment be state of isolation.

3, the take the necessary measures fish scale hole of anti-devaporation screen is stopped up by dust.

4, using this method should do except that sulphuring treatment.

5, other points for attention are with preceding described identical.

Use the advantage of " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy ", can be from above-described novel The process of the structure of steam generator, the mode of thermal energy transfer and thermal cycle is not ugly Go out, because the combustion heat of fuel is directly passed to working medium (water), and the waste gas of discharging Amount seldom and temperature lower (temperature not can above 100 ℃), so the burning of fuel Heat will be fully utilized, and greatly improve the thermal efficiency. In addition novel steam generation Device is relatively simple for structure, has reduced manufacturing cost, has saved the occupation of land space, also has Burn waste gas produced after filtering layer by layer no dust-like material, purified well Atmospheric environment.

Claims

1, a kind of method that makes the steam generator Synergistic and energy-saving---the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy, the principal character of this method is: existing boiler is changed system into novel steam generator based on a combustion chamber and a vaporizer, make the fully burning in the combustion chamber of various fuel, its high-temperature fuel gas or flue gas enter vaporizer by the combustion chamber, water smoke sprays into vaporizer by nozzle, water smoke absorbs heat rapidly at vaporizer and is vaporizated into required steam, the burning that is fuel no longer is directly passed to working-medium water by any medium, thereby finishes the thermal energy transfer process.

2, " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " according to claim 1 when its feature is that also working medium is water, is provided with heat exchanger at the end of described steam generator.

3, the feature of heat exchanger according to claim 2 also is: be provided with steam deceleration diffuser and several water smoke nozzles in the inside of heat exchanger.

4, its feature of heat exchanger according to claim 2 also is: the mode of heating of working-medium water is by steam and flue gas it directly to be carried out heat transmission.

5, " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " according to claim 1 its feature also is: when this method is applied to fuel and is the novel steam generator of coal dust or water-coal-slurry, be provided with deduster in vaporizer.

6, " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " according to claim 1 its feature also is: when this method is applied to fuel and is the novel steam generator of coal dust or water-coal-slurry, be provided with vapor filter at the end of vaporizer.

7, " the direct TRANSFER METHOD of heat energy " according to claim 1 its feature also is: when this method was applied to fuel and is the novel steam generator of coal dust or water-coal-slurry, deslagging chamber and external environment were state of isolation.