CN1327608C - Discontinuous power supply full-automatic controlling method and apparatus for motor of beam-pumping unit - Google Patents
Discontinuous power supply full-automatic controlling method and apparatus for motor of beam-pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1327608C CN1327608C CNB2005100679954A CN200510067995A CN1327608C CN 1327608 C CN1327608 C CN 1327608C CN B2005100679954 A CNB2005100679954 A CN B2005100679954A CN 200510067995 A CN200510067995 A CN 200510067995A CN 1327608 C CN1327608 C CN 1327608C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a full-automatic control method for controlling a motor of a walking beam type oil pumping machine to intermittently supply power and continuously operate. During continuous power supply, a data collection unit detects the voltage and the current of the motor. A main controller determines power-off times in work circulation and an electric parameter at the power-off moment. In the intermitted power supply operation state, that whether operation parameters of the motor generate obvious variation is monitored to determine whether the motor comes back to a continuous power supply state or a power-off protection state. During intermitted power supply and power-off operation, the rotation speed of the motor is monitored and is kept to be in the normal range by adjusting power-off time and the power-off times. When the rotation speed of the motor is close to the synchronous speed, a communicating angle of a thyristor is controlled by switching on a power supply. Thus, electric current impact can be prevented during energization; the data collection unit, the main controller, a driving unit and a power switch element which are provided by the present invention can effectively complete the automatic control process, and can realize the full-automatic control of the intermitted power supply and the continuous operation of the motor of the oil pumping machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil exploitation mechanical field, be specifically related to a kind of autocontrol method and device of motor of beam-pumping unit.
Background technology
The motor of beam-pumping unit of existing field of petroleum exploitation is in a duty cycle, usually exist two kinds of operating modes of motor and generator:, still exist four kinds of electrical losses in the motor: stator copper loss, copper loss of rotor, iron loss, supplementary load loss in the generator operating mode.Wherein the corresponding loss than motor working condition is bigger usually for iron loss and the unloaded supplementary load loss relevant with iron loss.Produce loss at the electric energy that the generator operating mode is sent on transformer first and second winding and feeder line, remainder then shows as the pulsating power to electric power system output.This pulsating power is interference and the pollution that belongs to electrical network, rather than the available power that provides to electric power system.
Based on above-mentioned situation, the inventor provides a kind of beam pumping unit discontinuous power supply to move control method for fully automatic and device continuously, its operational mode is to cut off the power supply when motor is in the generator state, operation is continued by the gravitional force and the inertia of oil pumper self in outage back, electrical motors during to certain rotating speed energized finish the oil pumping task.Above-mentioned four kinds of losses in the motor of outage back and the loss on Transformer Winding and the feeder line all do not have or have not had substantially, so remarkable saves energy.
Though the operational mode of oil pumper gap oil pumping has been arranged in Petroleum Production for a long time; be that down-hole liquid is shut down at least; treat to restart again after liquid increases gradually " take out " mode of motor, but the discontinuous power supply operational mode of this operational mode and this patent is complete inequality.Under " take out " operational mode, will shut down in case have a power failure, and the discontinuous power supply mode of this patent then is the non-stop-machine operational mode that has a power failure.
Because a dust cycle of oil pumper is very short, frequent power on/off can appear in motor during the discontinuous power supply operation.If do not adopt an effective measure, the electric current of asynchronous motor when energising can reach about 7 times of rated current usually, so,, how to prevent rush of current when switching on again after a key issue that need solve is cut off the power supply exactly in order to realize the discontinuous power supply operation of motor of oil extractor.
In addition, the oil pumper concrete to a bite, the effective weight of oil well pump axostylus axostyle both may be greater than the equivalent weight of eccentrically mounted weight piece, also may be less than the latter, perhaps both are equal substantially, so just have three kinds of different situations.Different situations need different control methods.To with a kind of situation, in running, the size of actual load neither be changeless, and its can be along with down-hole liquid what, fluid temperature and the isoparametric variation of water content and change.So, when adopting the discontinuous power supply pattern, also must carry out real-time identification, and in time adjust outage Control Parameter such as power-cut time according to identification result the operational factor of oil pumper; Simultaneously, should solve following problem effectively: prevent that rotating speed is too high or too low during the outage operation.
Summary of the invention
In order to change the operation conditions of existing motor of beam-pumping unit, the invention provides a kind of motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply and move control method for fully automatic and device continuously, beam pumping unit is carried out the Automatic Control of discontinuous power supply operational mode.
For this reason, the motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply that the present invention solves described problem to be provided moves control method for fully automatic continuously, may further comprise the steps:
1) cell stores motor synchronous speed (N1), no-load running electric parameter iron loss (P
Fe), the maximum speed fiducial value (Nm) that allows of no-load current (IO) fiducial value and oil pumper;
2) motor enters the running status of continuous power supply, and data acquisition unit is gathered the instantaneous value of motor working voltage and electric current in real time, and gives arithmetic element with the transfer of data of gathering;
3) arithmetic element is carried out computing, carries out the electric parameter evaluation and resolves, and determines the electric parameter reference value and the overtime limit value (D of outage of motor outage operation starting point
T1) and work period (T) of oil pumper, deposit memory cell in, outage timer initial value is set;
4) motor enters the energising operation phase of discontinuous power supply running status.Data acquisition unit is gathered the instantaneous value of motor voltage and electric current in real time, and is transferred to arithmetic element;
5) arithmetic element is carried out digital operation, electric parameter random value when drawing the operation of motor power up phase, and send main control unit to;
6) comparator of main control unit is compared the electric parameter random value with described electric parameter reference value, the reset signal of output outage control signal and outage timer when outage condition satisfies;
7) driver element is according to the outage control signal that receives, and the action of control switch element makes the motor outage, and motor enters the outage operation phase, and the outage timer picks up counting;
8) speed detector begins to detect in real time motor speed (N), gives speed comparator (hardware or software) with data passes;
9) speed comparator will be surveyed rotating speed (N) and high speed benchmark (Nm) comparison, when being higher than the high speed benchmark, output " rotating speed is too high " signal is given main control unit, main control unit output power on signal is given driver element, driver element control switch element action makes the motor operation of switching at short notice, continue outage subsequently, and execution in step 8), otherwise execution in step 10);
10) speed comparator will be surveyed rotating speed (N) and be compared with synchronous speed (N1), output during near synchronous speed " near same leg speed " signal is given main control unit, give driver element by main control unit output power on signal, the conducting of driver element control reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor makes the motor energising, progressively increase voltage up to rated value by changing trigger angle, and execution in step 4), otherwise execution in step 11);
11) the outage timer is differentiated outage timing time (t), if power-off time surpasses the overtime limit value (D of outage
T1) time, output " it is overtime to cut off the power supply " signal is given master controller, gives driver element by master controller output power on signal, and the action of driver element control switch element makes the motor energising, and execution in step 2), otherwise execution in step 8).
The present invention provides a kind of motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply of realizing to move the automatic control equipment of control method for fully automatic continuously simultaneously, comprises,
Data acquisition unit is connected with the electric power loop of motor, the instantaneous value of the voltage and current when gathering the motor operation;
Speed detector detects the rotating speed of motor in real time, exports to master controller;
Master controller, its input signal end connects the signal output part of described data acquisition unit, and output connects driver element, when powering continuously, gather voltage and current instantaneous value, carry out the electric parameter evaluation and resolve, set up the electric parameter reference value, determine power-cut time and power-off time; Power up phase at discontinuous power supply continues to gather voltage and current instantaneous value, calculates the electric parameter random value, determines whether to satisfy outage condition; In the outage operation phase, the rotating speed according to speed detector detects sends control signal in real time and to driver element motor is controlled;
Driver element, input connects master controller, and output connects switch element, receives the control signal of master controller, the break-make of control switch element;
Switch element is connected on the main power source input circuit of motor, the on/off of control motor.
Compare with existing pumping motor supply power mode, automatic control technology provided by the invention can realize the Automatic Control of motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply.The data that main control unit is gathered at data acquisition unit; by driver element switch element is controlled in real time effectively; the turn-on time and the making current of control electric electromechanics resource loop; and protect by protective device; rotating speed is monitored; solve the rush of current and the rotating speed problem out of control of discontinuous power supply operational mode effectively, thereby make motor run on the discontinuous power supply running status effectively, obtain obvious energy-saving effect.Simultaneously, by the parameter identification under continuous power supply state, can determine suitable Control Parameter respectively for oil pumper with different equilibrium conditions and load condition, thus the load variations that the discontinuous power supply device for automatically controlling can be control effectively to dissimilar oil pumpers and can follow the tracks of a concrete oil pumper.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electric major loop figure of the interrupted electricity consumption automatic control equipment of motor of beam-pumping unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of automatic control equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of data acquisition circuit structure chart of data acquisition unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the pin wiring schematic diagram of main control unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of drive circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic block circuit diagram of automatic control equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of autocontrol method of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of electric major loop figure of the interrupted electricity consumption automatic control equipment of motor of beam-pumping unit, motor is subjected to contactor KM1 normally opened contact and reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor element to select control, control by contactor in the time of can selecting to power continuously, during discontinuous power supply by SCR control.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of automatic control equipment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is the electrical principle block diagram of automatic control equipment, and Fig. 7 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Current sensor CT1, CT2, CT3 are connected with the induction of three phase mains loop, and voltage sensor T1, T2, T3 directly are connected in the electric power loop, operating current i when gathering motor in real time and powering continuously and the instantaneous value of operating voltage u; Respectively with the current signal CT1 that gathers, CT2, CT3 and voltage signal A, B, C sends data acquisition unit 100 to, data acquisition unit 100 adopts data acquisition circuit (as Fig. 3, also can be the built-in A/D circuit of controller) signal is handled, result is passed to master controller 200 (U0) (see Fig. 4, adopt the Mega8535 single-chip microcomputer in this example, also can adopt other single-chip microcomputer), the input signal end IN1-IN6 of master controller 200 connects the three-phase output IN1-IN6 of totally six data Acquisition Circuit respectively, and output connects driver element 160 (see figure 5)s.Come the triggering control signal PC1-PC7 of autonomous controller 200, through formed frequency behind typical photoelectric coupled circuit and the oscillating circuit is the IN end that pulse signal about 10kHZ is applied to driver element 160, be added to the control utmost point of metal-oxide-semiconductor V through R2, the output of metal-oxide-semiconductor V divides two-way output through the effect of pulse transformer B, respectively two just antiparallel controllable silicons on branch road in the control chart 1.Speed detector 180 detects the rotating speed of motor 210 in real time, exports to master controller 200.
See also Fig. 6, Fig. 7, the present invention realizes that the motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply moves control method for fully automatic continuously and carries out according to following steps:
1) memory cell 140 store electricity motivation synchronous speeds (N1), no-load running electric parameter iron loss (P
Fe), the maximum speed fiducial value (Nm) that allows of no-load current (IO) fiducial value and oil pumper;
2) motor enters the running status of continuous power supply, the instantaneous value of motor working voltage and electric current when data acquisition unit 100 is gathered in real time and followed the tracks of hole conditions and change, and give arithmetic element 110 with the transfer of data of gathering;
3) arithmetic element 110 is carried out computing, carries out the electric parameter evaluation and resolves, and determines the input power reference value and the overtime limit value (D of outage of motor outage operation starting point motor
T1) and work period (T) of oil pumper, deposit memory cell in, outage timer initial value is set;
4) motor enters the energising operation phase of discontinuous power supply running status.Data acquisition unit 100 is gathered the instantaneous value of motor voltage and electric current in real time, and is transferred to arithmetic element 110;
5) arithmetic element 110 is carried out digital operation, draws motor power up phase when operation input electric power random value, and sends the comparator 120 in the master controller to;
6) comparator 120 is compared the input power random value with described input power reference value, the reset signal of output outage control signal and outage timer when outage condition satisfies;
7) driver element 160 is according to the outage control signal that receives, and 170 actions of control switch element make the motor outage, and motor enters the outage operation phase, picks up counting after the outage timer receives reset signal;
8) speed detector 180 beginnings detect motor speed (N) in real time, give speed comparator 190 with data passes;
9) speed comparator 190 will be surveyed rotating speed (N) and high speed benchmark (Nm) comparison, when being higher than the high speed benchmark, output " rotating speed is too high " signal is given main control unit 130, main control unit 130 output power on signal are given driver element 160, the action of driver element 160 control switch elements 170 makes the motor operation of switching in the short time (0.05T-0.2T), continue outage subsequently, and execution in step 8), otherwise execution in step 10);
10) speed comparator 190 will be surveyed rotating speed (N) and be compared with synchronous speed (N1), output during near synchronous speed " near same leg speed " signal is given main control unit 130, give driver element 160 by main control unit 130 output power on signal, driver element 160 control reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors 170 enter conducting state makes the motor energising, progressively increase voltage up to rated value by changing trigger angle, and execution in step 4), otherwise execution in step 11);
11) the outage timer is differentiated outage timing time (t), if power-off time surpasses the overtime limit value (D of outage
T1) time, output " it is overtime to cut off the power supply " signal is given master controller 130, gives driver element 160 by master controller output power on signal, and 170 actions of driver element control switch element make the motor energising, and execution in step 2), otherwise execution in step 8).
Step 4) may further include, motor 210 working voltages that data acquisition unit 100 will be gathered in real time and the transient data of electric current, and the rating data that sends protected location comparator and circuit to compares, and output signal makes the protective device action when unusual.
Electric parameter fiducial value in the step 1) can be imported stored unit 140 storages of master controller by the man-machine interface of display unit 150.
Can further understand the present invention referring to Fig. 8.Microcomputer powers up step (1), is meant the master controller energized of control system; Maximum speed Nm, motor synchronous speed N1 that step (2) allows by man-machine interface input motor rated power, number of poles, oil pumper; Step (3), iron loss P when calculating specified operation
Fe, the limit value of input power P1 during as outage control; Step (4) is by the manual starting motor; Step (5), motor works in continuous power supply state, surveys the three-phase voltage and the electric current of motor by data acquisition system; Step (6), the arithmetic element of master controller is according to the data identification oil pumper work period T that is gathered; Step (7) is calculated outage control criterion N
Max, Δ n, D
T1N wherein
MaxMaximum speed Nm decision according to oil pumper allowed is generally below 1.3 times of rated speed, but is no more than 70% of oil pumper maximum permissible revolution Nm; Δ n can be taken as synchronous speed N
110% in; D
T1The 0.6-0.9 that can be taken as a duty cycle required time (work period) doubly; Step (8) is calculated the input power P of motor according to the electric parameters of the collection in the step (5)
1Step (9) is judged P
1Whether less than the P in the step (3)
FeStep (10) enters power down mode; Step (11), the motor rotor rotational speed N is detected in the back that has a power failure; Step (12) judges whether the rotational speed N that is detected surpasses N
MaxIf break bounds then applies speed limit measure step (13), the simplest speed limit measure is to switch in short-term at the generator state, for example energising (0.05～0.2) T; Judge whether spinner velocity is approaching with leg speed N
1(14) (N and N
1Difference Δ n less than N
110%) energising operation, power supply is connected (15) by the reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor element among Fig. 1 with motor M, progressively increases voltage by the change trigger angle, up to rated value; Three-phase voltage and electric current are surveyed in the energising back, calculate input power P
1Step (16); According to survey voltage, electric current and power, judge whether the oil pumper operation is normal, and whether relaying protection needs action step (17); Judge whether interruption duration surpasses the time limit that is determined by step (7); Step (18) if overstepping the time limit then connect electronic power switch or A.C. contactor and make motor connecting power step (19); The protection action, deenergization step (20); Judge whether to satisfy determined outage service conditions step (21).
The comparator that the present invention uses can be a hardware comparator, also can be the embedded software comparator unit of master controller.
Above scheme shows, when motor is powered continuously, voltage and current by real-time detection motor, pick out its operational factor, this step often occurs in that hole condition changes or the situation of different well ' s conditions, as the foundation of motor being carried out discontinuous power supply control, in order to number of times and the outage operation control electric parameter of determining a cycle interruption electricity.In energising section running time of discontinuous power supply, monitor whether the operational factor of motor of oil extractor marked change takes place, so that determine whether to get back to continuous powered operation state.In outage section running time of discontinuous power supply, detect the rotating speed of motor in real time, make it keep normal range (NR) by regulating power-off time and power-down mode.By the angle of flow of suitable control electronic power switch, prevent to occur when switching on again rush of current.Discontinuous power supply is integrated with the protection realization, so that can shut down and report to the police under situations such as power supply phase shortage, motor broken string, overload, hypervelocity, pump quit work.
Claims (6)
1, the control method for fully automatic of the continuous operation of a kind of motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) cell stores motor synchronous speed N1, no-load running electric parameter iron loss P
FeThe maximum speed fiducial value Nm that no-load current IO fiducial value and oil pumper allow;
2) motor enters the running status of continuous power supply, and data acquisition unit is gathered the instantaneous value of motor working voltage and electric current in real time, and gives arithmetic element with the transfer of data of gathering;
3) arithmetic element is carried out computing, carries out the electric parameter evaluation and resolves, and determines the electric parameter reference value and the overtime limit value D of outage of motor outage operation starting point
T1And the work period T of oil pumper, deposit memory cell in, outage timer initial value is set;
4) after motor entered the discontinuous power supply running status, in the time period of energising operation, data acquisition unit was gathered the instantaneous value of motor voltage and electric current in real time, and is transferred to arithmetic element;
5) arithmetic element is carried out digital operation, electric parameter random value when drawing motor energising operation, and send main control unit to;
6) comparator of main control unit is compared the electric parameter random value with described electric parameter reference value, the reset signal of output outage control signal and outage timer when outage condition satisfies;
7) driver element is according to the outage control signal that receives, and the action of control switch element makes the motor outage, and motor enters the time period of outage operation, and the outage timer picks up counting;
8) speed detector begins to detect in real time motor speed N, gives speed comparator with data passes;
9) speed comparator will be surveyed rotational speed N and high speed benchmark Nm comparison, when being higher than the high speed benchmark, output " rotating speed is too high " signal is given main control unit, main control unit output power on signal is given driver element, driver element control switch element action makes the motor operation of switching in 0.05T-0.2T, continue outage subsequently, and execution in step 8), otherwise execution in step 10);
10) speed comparator will be surveyed rotational speed N and be compared with synchronous speed N1, output during near synchronous speed " near same leg speed " signal is given main control unit, give driver element by main control unit output power on signal, driver element control switch element enters conducting state and makes the motor energising, progressively increase voltage up to rated value by changing trigger angle, and execution in step 4), otherwise execution in step 11);
11) the outage timer is differentiated outage timing time t, if power-off time surpasses the overtime limit value D of outage
T1The time, output " it is overtime to cut off the power supply " signal is given main control unit, gives driver element by main control unit output power on signal, and the action of driver element control switch element makes the motor energising, and execution in step 2), otherwise execution in step 8);
Wherein, described step 3), 5), 6), its electric parameter is input power P1, power factor COS φ or the power-factor angle φ of motor.
2, motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply as claimed in claim 1 moves control method for fully automatic continuously, it is characterized in that: described step 3), its overtime limit value D that cuts off the power supply
T1The 0.6-0.9 that gets the oil pumper work period doubly.
3, motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply as claimed in claim 1 moves control method for fully automatic continuously; it is characterized in that: described step 4) further comprises; motor voltage that data acquisition unit will be gathered in real time and electric current; send the protected location comparator to and compare with the protection definite value, output signal makes the protective device action when unusual.
4, motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply as claimed in claim 1 moves control method for fully automatic continuously, it is characterized in that: described step 1), its electric parameter fiducial value is imported cell stores by man-machine interface.
5, a kind of realization motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply moves device for automatically controlling continuously, it is characterized in that: comprise,
Data acquisition unit is connected with the electric power loop of motor, the instantaneous value of the voltage and current when gathering the motor operation;
Speed detector at the real-time rotating speed that detects motor of outage operation phase, is exported to master controller;
Master controller, its input signal end connects the signal output part of described data acquisition unit, and output connects driver element, when powering continuously, gather voltage and current instantaneous value, carry out the electric parameter evaluation and resolve, set up the electric parameter reference value, determine power-cut time and power-off time; Power up phase at discontinuous power supply continues to gather voltage and current instantaneous value, calculates the electric parameter random value, determines whether to satisfy outage condition; In the outage operation phase, the rotating speed according to speed detector detects sends control signal in real time and to driver element motor is controlled;
Driver element, input connects master controller, and output connects switch element, receives the control signal of master controller, the break-make of control switch element;
Switch element is connected on the electric power loop of motor, the on/off of control motor;
Wherein, described electric parameter is input power P1, power factor COS φ or the power-factor angle φ of motor.
6, realization motor of beam-pumping unit discontinuous power supply as claimed in claim 5 moves the automatic control equipment of control method for fully automatic continuously, it is characterized in that: described switch element is connected in parallel by controllable silicon and contactor, the break-make of control motor power, connect circuit by contactor or controllable silicon when powering continuously, connect circuit by controllable silicon during discontinuous power supply.
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| CNB2005100679954A CN1327608C (en) | 2005-04-30 | 2005-04-30 | Discontinuous power supply full-automatic controlling method and apparatus for motor of beam-pumping unit |
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| CNB2005100679954A CN1327608C (en) | 2005-04-30 | 2005-04-30 | Discontinuous power supply full-automatic controlling method and apparatus for motor of beam-pumping unit |
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| CN1327608C true CN1327608C (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101924515A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-22 | 夏大洪 | Hovering speed regulation technology for oil pumping unit |
| US10642341B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2020-05-05 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Selective modification of power states based on conditions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100411299C (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2008-08-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Energy-saving control method and apparatus for asynchronous motor of walking-beam pumping unit |
| CN101207352B (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2012-07-04 | 华北电力大学 | Control method and control device of power supply soft launch for intermittent power supply by balance beam type pumping unit |
| CN101526572B (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2011-07-27 | 华北电力大学 | Remote monitoring method and system of electric motor of oil extractor based on power-frequency communication of electric wires |
| CN101650402B (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2013-04-17 | 梁汉基 | Instantaneous value comparison and detection method |
| CN105871287B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-07-31 | 华北电力大学 | Electric motor circuit breaking moment accurate determination method in discontinuous power supply Energy Saving Control |
| CN106199425B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-02-05 | 华北电力大学 | A method of for judging whether motor of oil extractor uses discontinuous power supply |
| CN111932712A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-13 | 成都市卓新实业有限公司 | Method for calculating cumulative service time of petroleum and natural gas equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10642341B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2020-05-05 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Selective modification of power states based on conditions |
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| CN1688099A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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