CN101526572B - Remote monitoring method and system of electric motor of oil extractor based on power-frequency communication of electric wires - Google Patents
Remote monitoring method and system of electric motor of oil extractor based on power-frequency communication of electric wires Download PDFInfo
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- CN101526572B CN101526572B CN2008102393527A CN200810239352A CN101526572B CN 101526572 B CN101526572 B CN 101526572B CN 2008102393527 A CN2008102393527 A CN 2008102393527A CN 200810239352 A CN200810239352 A CN 200810239352A CN 101526572 B CN101526572 B CN 101526572B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote monitoring method and a system of an electric motor of an oil extractor based on power-frequency communication of electric wires, which belong to the technical field of the monitoring of petroleum extracting equipment and the system is the monitoring system based on the combination of the internal network of an oil field and the bidirectional power-frequency communication of electric wires. A remote monitoring terminal on the end of an oil extracting electric motor is connected with a concentrator on the end of a converting station by an electric distributing transformer, and the concentrator and the management center are connected by internal Ethernet interfaces of the oil field. The remote monitoring terminal and the concentrator use the mode of power-frequency communication for transmitting information and are arranged on the low-voltage side with the equipment of the monitoring system. Equipment connected and combined with the high-voltage electric transmission line is not required to be additionally arranged. A descent passage and an ascent passage between the converting station and the remote monitoring terminal modulate voltage wave shapes and current wave shapes to realize communication. Relevant departments monitor the running condition of the electric motor of every oil extractor by the Ethernet and the electric supplying line of the oil field. The invention is particularly suitable for the work environment of the oil field, has low cost and can be called the economical remote monitoring system of the electric motor of the oil extractor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploration equipment monitoring field, be specifically related to pumping-unit motor remote monitoring method and system based on power-frequency communication of electric.
Background technology
The management of well on the beam is one of the key link in the field production management in the oil exploitation industry, service data by telecommunication system monitoring oil-well motor can in time be grasped the oil well load condition, improve the management level of oil production equipment, the while is development of latent energy-saving potential more effectively.
Low-cost, high-quality data monitoring passage is the most critical factor that can the oil-well motor remote supervision system be applied, tested multiple oil well monitor system on the oil field based on common wireless communication means such as GSM/GPRS, owing to, be difficult to be applied in the oil field in problems such as the equipment cost of communication aspects and operating costs.
To be the field management center realize remote monitoring to pumping-unit motor by the enterprises Ethernet in conjunction with the frequency communication circuit to oil pumping motor remote supervision system of the present invention, and this system comprises concentrator part, the other remote terminal of oil pumper of administrative center, electric substation.By Ethernet transmission information, transmit information by the power-frequency communication of electric mode between remote monitoring terminal and the concentrator between concentrator and the administrative center.Oil pumping motor remote supervision system equipment cost based on the resources such as supply line in oil field itself is low, and does not have the communication service expense, possesses the condition of large-scale popularization.
The two-way frequency communication mode of line of electric force among the present invention with well on the beam supply line as transmission medium, can realize striding the long Distance Transmission in transformer platform district, very be suitable as the supervisory channel of oil pumping motor monitoring system, thereby this technology comes modulation voltage, current waveform to realize data communication by near control controllable silicon conducting voltage over zero.
Present two-way frequency communication technology is mainly used in the electric system resident field of checking meter, and realizes based on the time domain mode, and is good at the domestic power grid communication efficiency, disturbs complicated oil well supply line but can't adapt to.Supply line is different with normal domestic, load in the oil recovery supply line mainly is a pumping-unit motor, the running statuses such as stopping, open of motor can produce a large amount of interference at power circuit, wherein also comprise abundant non-integer harmonics, these disturb the influence that the frequency communication system is caused more much better than than folk power supply circuit.
The frequency communication equipment of the present invention's design combines the characteristics of oil well supply line in the modulation process, can under the electrical network strong noise background, extract, discern faint voltage, current modulated, thereby realize reliable data transmission, for the oil-well motor remote supervision system provides low-cost, high-quality data monitoring passage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pumping-unit motor remote supervision system and method based on power-frequency communication of electric.
Pumping-unit motor remote supervision system of the present invention comprises administrative center, concentrator, remote monitoring terminal, by oilfield internal enterprise broadband networks and the two-way frequency communication composition data of line of electric force monitoring channel; Wherein, remote monitoring terminal is positioned at the well on the beam end, and concentrator is positioned at electric substation's end, and administrative center is arranged on the oil recovery factory Department of Science and Technology or department of information center; Administrative center can manage a plurality of concentrators, a concentrator can be monitored hundreds of remote monitoring terminals, transmission of monitoring information and steering order during concentrator passes through, between low-voltage power line and the remote monitoring terminal, the information of each pumping-unit motor that concentrator will be preserved transmits to administrative center by the oilfield internal Ethernet again.
The up frequency communication driving circuit that the device of described pumping-unit motor remote monitoring terminal mainly comprises dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D, voltage current transformer, 16 A/D converters, signal conditioning circuit, is made of controllable silicon and resistance.Remote monitoring terminal is gathered electric parameter by 12 built-in A/D, gathers descending power frequency component by 16 external A/D, possesses the function of measurement of electric parameter and two-way frequency communication.
Described concentrator comprises industrial computer, descending frequency communication modulation circuit, voltage current transformer, A/D testing circuit and Ethernet interface; Descending frequency communication modulated terminal mainly is made of controllable silicon, reactance and holding circuit.
The backstage parameter management software of described administrative center comes pumping-unit motor is monitored, managed by the various data that obtain each oil pumping motor.
Described pumping-unit motor remote monitoring method based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, this remote monitoring method is, remote monitoring terminal is finished electric parameter collection, the processing of pumping-unit motor, then and carry out two-way frequency communication by oil field supply line between the concentrator and come transmission information, adopt current-modulation to communicate by letter from concentrator to the down going channel employing voltage modulated of remote monitoring terminal, the data feedback channel that is positioned at transformer station, transmit information by Ethernet between concentrator and the administrative center with realization from remote monitoring terminal to concentrator; This remote monitoring method comprises:
1) remote monitoring terminal data pre-service
Remote monitoring terminal is mainly monitored the three-phase voltage of pumping-unit motor, the effective value of electric current, meritorious and reactive factor; Monitor the electric current of the upper and lower stroke of pumping-unit motor, the variation of oil pumping process power factor, also will monitor the malfunction of pumping-unit motor simultaneously, carry out fault judgement; Make the demand that guarantees that oilfield safety is produced, the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D of remote monitoring terminal inside carries out digital signal processing by software computing handle from the raw information of voltage, current sensor, obtain the various operation electric parameters of pumping-unit motor then, dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D is in digital signal processing, by the various influence of harmonic in digital filtering elimination voltage, the electric current raw sensory information, thereby obtain voltage, current electrical parameter.Simultaneously, having different parameters that the dsp processor of 12 built-in A/D uses and operational method in data operation adapts to pumping-unit motor and has star, angle electric connecting mode.
It is to judge the fault of pumping-unit motor operation by the software computing that described remote monitoring terminal carries out fault judgement; When voltage effective value surpasses respective threshold, be judged as overvoltage; When being lower than respective threshold, being judged as voltage and falling phase; When current effective value surpasses wealthy family's limit value, be judged as the over current of motor fault that might be short-circuited, when current effective value is lower than threshold ones, the motor operation troubles might take place; The power of motor operation occurs faults such as oil pumper holddown or belt slip might occurring when sharply changing; Because the load of every kind of pumping-unit motor is different with operating mode, different threshold value are all arranged, remote monitoring terminal judges whether to break down according to parameter and the respective threshold numerical value gathered, simultaneously form corresponding malfunction coding according to nature of trouble, so just can be easy and reflect current malfunction exactly.Considering at pumping-unit motor has the electrical machine energy-saving equipment of existence based on the discontinuous power supply mode, and remote monitoring terminal just must be interrupted energy-conservation power supply mode and malfunction difference, and interrupted energy-conservation power supply is interrupted part-time outage, is to cut off the power supply and have a power failure always.
2) realization of the frequency communication of oil recovery supply line
Data transmission between transformer station and the remote monitoring terminal adopts the frequency communication mode, the frequency communication mode is a media with oil pumping motor supply line, can pass through substation transformer and realize the transmission data, the equipment of monitoring system all is installed in low-pressure side, need not to install additional the equipment that is connected combination with ultra-high-tension power transmission line, make equipment operation and maintenance cost cheap, and convenient for installation and maintenance; Disturb complicated oil well supply line in order to adapt to, the frequency communication equipment of monitoring system carries out the setting of choice of equipment and modulation parameter in the information modulated terminal; Carry out the demodulation calculation process in demodulation portvoltage, current distortion information, make remote supervision system to realize reliable frequency communication by oil pumping supply line.
Described frequency communication is by coming modulation voltage, current waveform in the conducting of sending-end voltage near zero-crossing point control controllable silicon, thereby discern these distortion information at receiving end and realize data communication, wherein the uplink communication from the remote monitoring terminal to the transformer station is to realize data communication by current distortion information; Downlink communication from the transformer station to the remote monitoring terminal is to realize data communication by voltage distortion information.
The frequency communication modulation parameter mainly comprises modulation period, modulating current intensity and signal of communication coded system, the selection of these parameters will be in conjunction with the operation characteristic of oil recovery supply line and pumping-unit motor, modulating current intensity in the remote monitoring terminal is modulation moment 20A peak-to-peak value, the modulating current intensity of concentrator side is modulation moment 80A peak-to-peak value, with be applied to electric system check meter the field the frequency communication mode relatively, uplink and downlink modulating current intensity is all less than them, to the not influence of work operation of pumping-unit motor, the harmonic wave that is produced is in specialized range.Descending frequency communication adopts two adjacent voltage cycle waveforms to represent 1 information, and distortion expression " 1 " is arranged near the 1st voltage over zero, and distortion expression " 0 " is arranged near the 2nd voltage over zero.Because power supply line of oil pumping machine disturbs strong, and up modulating current is less, up frequency communication adopts 1 information of continuous 6 current cycle information representations, difference according to current distortion position in this 6 cycles is represented " 1 " and " 0 ", and provides condition for the parallel uplink communication of many remote monitoring terminals.
Aspect the frequency communication demodulation, remote monitoring terminal and concentrator all are the demodulation that realizes frequency communication by signals collecting and digital signal processing, the hardware platform of remote monitoring terminal is dsp processor and external 16 the A/D change-over circuits with 12 built-in A/D, and the hardware platform of concentrator is the A/D capture card circuit in the industrial computer, though their digital signal processing algorithm is different, but common characteristic is to extract under the electrical network strong noise background, discern faint voltage, current modulated is so the key of frequency communication success is exactly the filtering for the strong jamming noise.
In the digital signal processing mode, adopted multiple auto adapted filtering and intelligent processing method to filter interference noise; Because data message " 1 ", " 0 " of frequency communication are to reflect by the diverse location that distortion in a plurality of cycles produces, in uplink and downlink communication demodulation, at first near data period sampling voltage over zero from sensor, voltage, the current data in corresponding 2 cycles are carried out calculus of differences, since in this 2 cycles always 1 distortion is arranged and in addition 1 do not have, so just can get rid of major part and comprise the interference of 50HZ signal and distorted signal is kept; And then remove remaining interference by the auto adapted filtering mode, because the harmonic interference of oil recovery supply line is very strong, when starting the moment or the operation of electrical machine energy-saving device control, oil pumping motor also can produce distortion effects, therefore various interference characteristics in the circuit have been considered in the selection of auto adapted filtering parameter, offset disturbing effect greatly by the auto adapted filtering computing, produced distortion according to the frequency communication modulating current simultaneously and combine parameter estimation algorithm with the rule difference that other power electronic equipments produce distortion.
The present invention has realized reliable communication in oil pumping supply line by the above-mentioned measure that modulated terminal and receiving end are taked.
3) software and hardware system anti-disturbance method and circuit design under the different service conditions
In the oil pumping motor monitoring system, the back-stage management center mainly is the operation of management software, does not have the anti-interference problem of equipment substantially; Concentrator is installed in partly that transformer station is indoor, and working environment is better, and because quantity is few, anti-interference problem solves easily; And the working environment very severe of remote monitoring terminal, on the one hand because the operation of pumping-unit motor can produce the working stability of a large amount of harmonic effects terminals; On the other hand since oil well be in the field, its variation of ambient temperature is very big, minimum can be near 40 degrees below zero.
Device in the remote monitoring terminal is the army's of employing grade or good technical grade device all, with the response environment variation of temperature.Adopt reliable power supply simultaneously in the circuit of remote monitoring terminal in the design, the power supply of terminal device adopts the mode of AC and DC in conjunction with filtering, has filtered the interference in the power supply to greatest extent; Simultaneously in DC voltage-stabilizing output, also designed voltage suppressor TVS and suppressed surge in the 380V circuit the influence of remote monitoring terminal; Simultaneously in the design of circuit board, the power lead overstriking of trying one's best, simulation ground with digitally separate the try one's best antijamming capability of thick multiple measure raising equipment of ground wire, help to strengthen noise resisting ability like this, realized the reliability service of remote supervision system at the scene, oil field.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows at the scene, oil field, each electric substation is nearly near 10 6KV circuits, every the medium-pressure electricity supply circuit approximately is connected with tens of transformers, and every transformer is given a pumping-unit motor power supply, and each transformer station approximately manages hundreds of platform pumping-unit motor.Through a large amount of evidences for a long time, aspect the environment temperature adaptation, remote monitoring terminal can not occur shutting down or the deadlock state in the winter of severe cold and extremely hot operate as normal in summer; Aspect the device antijamming capability, even non-operating state such as frequently stop, open at pumping-unit motor to also guaranteeing trouble free service under the serious condition of device disturbing effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is economical pumping-unit motor remote supervision system structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the remote monitoring terminal The general frame.
Fig. 3 is uplink communication signal modulation circuit and modulation waveform.
Fig. 4 is the remote monitoring terminal circuit diagram.
Fig. 5 is the software flow of the DSP of remote monitoring terminal, comprises a. main program flow chart; B. motor is monitored subroutine; C. subroutine is monitored in the main website order; D. signal sends subroutine.
Fig. 6 is the concentrator functional structure chart.
Fig. 7 is the major function process flow diagram of main website industrial computer, a. master routine and descending transmission subroutine; B. terminal signaling is monitored subroutine.
Fig. 8 a is descending communication signal modulation circuit and modulation waveform synoptic diagram
Fig. 8 b is a downgoing signal driving circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of pumping-unit motor remote supervision system and method based on power-frequency communication of electric.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Figure 1 shows that economical pumping-unit motor remote supervision system structural representation.Figure 2 shows that the remote monitoring terminal The general frame.System architecture shown in the figure comprises remote monitoring terminal, concentrator, administrative center.The pumping-unit motor remote supervision system is: the remote monitoring terminal of oil pumping motor end by substation transformer and in, the concentrator exchange message of low-voltage power line and transformer station end, pass through oilfield internal Ethernet exchange message (as shown in Figure 1) between concentrator and the administrative center.
Described concentrator comprises compositions such as industrial computer, voltage current transformer, A/D Acquisition Circuit, signal conditioning circuit, descending frequency communication modulation circuit, Ethernet interface; The frequency communication modulated terminal mainly is made of controllable silicon, driving element and holding circuit; Concrete application characteristic according to the scene, oil field, need manage hundreds of platform remote monitoring terminal at the concentrator of an electric substation, the driving element quantity of up frequency communication is huge, and the driving element of descending frequency communication has only one, because producing difficulty, descending voltage distortion is higher than the ascending current distortion, so in the remote supervision system of the present invention, the up frequency communication modulation of terminal part adopts low-cost resistor to drive, and the descending frequency communication modulation of concentrator part adopts the reactance that price is higher, distortion is effective to drive.
Described administrative center carries out the backstage parameter management, adopts the electrical fault terminal software by remote monitoring terminal and concentrator pumping-unit motor to be monitored.
The remote monitoring terminal course of work
Up frequency communication driving circuit that end device mainly comprises dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D, voltage current transformer, 16 A/D converters, signal conditioning circuit, be made of controllable silicon and resistance etc., terminal possesses the function of measurement of electric parameter and two-way frequency communication.
Figure 2 shows that the overall pattern of pumping-unit motor remote monitoring terminal, CPU (central processing unit) comprises dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D, 16 A/D converters, signal conditioning circuit among the figure; Signal conditioning circuit links with the voltage current transformer of the 380V power circuit on pumping-unit motor side; Dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D has Output Interface Control downlink drive circuit, and the controllable silicon in the downlink drive circuit directly is connected with the 380V circuit; And the 380V electrical network is connected with ultra-high-tension power transmission line from electric substation by substation transformer.
The dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D of this terminal is selected TMS320F2812 for use, and the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D is gathered substation transformer low pressure survey three-phase voltage, current information by built-in 12 A/D converters and signal conditioning circuit; Gather descending power frequency component by 16 external A/D converters and signal conditioning circuit and send phase voltage information; Carry out the digital signal processing computing by software then, main processor active task is: 1) electric parameters such as calculating voltage effective value, current effective value, active power, reactive power, power factor (PF).2) carrying out digital signal processing by near the signal the extraction voltage over zero judges whether to exist distortion information to finish the descending demodulation of frequency communication.3) operation characteristic according to oil pumping motor judges whether to break down, and also needs to form the dependent failure coding if having.
The task of up frequency communication modulation circuit is to produce the small distortion of electric current to be gathered by the current transformer CT of the 6KV of transformer station, modulation circuit is produced by the dsp processor control controllable silicon instantaneous conducting near zero crossing time the with 12 built-in A/D, as shown in Figure 3, energy requirement is little in zero crossing place modulation signal institute, is convenient to modulation; The specific position of voltage over zero provides convenience for signal framing and detection.
Among Fig. 3, near voltage over zero, the closed a bit of time Δ T of S, produce a momentary current I this moment on L, be attached on the bus current.Make V=vsin (ω t+ ψ
i), be starting point with the shutoff of S, this is I constantly
p=0, then can obtain: I
p=vcos (ω t+ ψ
i)/ω L+vcos (ψ
i)/ω L, as from the foregoing, electric current I p depends on V, L, ψ
iWith Δ T
i, wherein controllable parameter is L, ψ
iWith Δ T
iChange L and can change I
pThe intensity of signal; Change Ψ i and promptly change Δ T
i
Integrated circuit such as Fig. 4 of remote monitoring terminal are represented; Figure 5 shows that the software flow of the DSP of remote monitoring terminal, comprise a. main program flow chart; B. motor is monitored subroutine; C. subroutine is monitored in the main website order; D. signal sends subroutine; Simple declaration is once:
The concentrator course of work
Concentrator is installed in the transformer station, is core with the industrial computer, as shown in Figure 6, mainly comprises four functional modules: 1) frequency communication uplink demodulation module; 2) data management module; 3) the descending sending module of frequency communication; 4) background communication module.
The information that has comprised up frequency communication in voltage zero-cross electric current constantly, industrial computer collect the uplink demodulation that just can realize frequency communication behind voltage, the electric current by the digital signal processing computing by voltage, current sensor and data acquisition system (DAS).
Concentrator is stored the electric parameter of each oil pumping motor in the upstream data according to certain rule, can also can be delivered to field management center, backstage by the oil field broadband network at transformer station's local search.
For the ascending current modulation intelligence, the influence of 6KV branch line background current is very big, because the current distortion information that monitoring terminal forms is only crossed the characteristic of null range at voltage waveform, concentrator only is provided with detection window at voltage zero cross near.For outstanding modulation signal, weaken background current, concentrator carries out phase shift to three-phase current and offsets processing, when power distribution network designs, A, B, C three-phase current I
A, I
B, I
CBe approximate equilibrium,
According to this mode when having offset the modulation intelligence that can keep the overwhelming majority after mainly being the background current of first-harmonic and integral frequency harmonizing wave composition.After finishing phase shift counteracting processing, reduce the remaining influence of first-harmonic that three-phase current unbalance causes by filtering operation on the one hand, simultaneously receive computing accordingly and can strengthen current distortion information according to coded system, so just can judge the current distortion information in 6 cycles, realize the uplink demodulation function.
Figure 7 shows that the major function process flow diagram of main website industrial computer, a. master routine and descending transmission subroutine; B. terminal signaling is monitored subroutine.Among the figure, the descending sending module of frequency communication mainly is made up of CPU, controllable silicon etc., receive the downlink data of industrial computer by the RS485 interface, thereby these data are constantly produced descending modulation function that voltage distortion finish frequency communication by controllable silicon and high-power inductance in the correspondent voltage zero passage according to the downlink coding rule.
Fig. 8 a is descending communication signal modulation circuit and modulation waveform synoptic diagram, and Fig. 8 b is depicted as downgoing signal driving circuit schematic diagram; Switch S Δ T/2 (normally locating for preceding 30 °) after the closed Δ T time constantly before zero crossing at zero crossing,, the electric current 4 of generation will cause this voltage drop of voltage drop e on leakage inductance L
ModNeed the voltage distortion signal that produces exactly.
e
mod＝-(R
i+L
id/dt)I
c
The back-stage management center
The hardware platform at this center only need possess computing machine and fixedly the broadband network of IP is just passable, and software function is: the various parameters that 1) obtain pumping-unit motor from the concentrator of each transformer station.2) making database manages, inquires about, analyzes these parameters.
Background manage software can also be analyzed the operation conditions and the energy-saving potential of corresponding pumping-unit motor according to the Monitoring Data from each terminal; Can timesharing accounting contrast service data, every motor is provided up-down stroke electric current curve over time, and the time dependent curve of power per hour comprises the variation of data, every day and weekly, the situation of change in every month, each season, the step of going forward side by side is carried out statistical study.Can grasp pumping-unit motor ruuning situation so on the one hand, raise the management level, on the other hand, can analyze effectively and definite Energy Saving Control measure according to the load variations situation.
Claims (9)
1. pumping-unit motor remote supervision system based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, described pumping-unit motor remote supervision system comprises administrative center, concentrator, remote monitoring terminal, by oilfield internal enterprise broadband networks and the two-way frequency communication composition data of line of electric force monitoring channel; The remote monitoring terminal of oil pumping motor end is connected by the concentrator of substation transformer and transformer station end, is connected by the oilfield internal Ethernet interface between concentrator and the administrative center; Wherein the equipment of monitoring system all is installed in low-pressure side, need not to install additional the equipment that is connected combination with ultra-high-tension power transmission line, and remote monitoring terminal is positioned at the well on the beam end, and concentrator is positioned at electric substation's end, and administrative center is arranged on the oil recovery factory Department of Science and Technology or department of information center; Administrative center can manage a plurality of concentrators, a concentrator can be monitored hundreds of remote monitoring terminals, transmission of monitoring information and steering order during concentrator passes through, between low-voltage power line and the remote monitoring terminal, the information of each pumping-unit motor that concentrator will be preserved transmits to administrative center by the oilfield internal Ethernet again.
2. according to the described pumping-unit motor remote supervision system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described concentrator comprises industrial computer, descending frequency communication circuit, voltage current transformer, A/D testing circuit and Ethernet interface based on power-frequency communication of electric; Wherein descending frequency communication circuit mainly is made of controllable silicon, reactance and holding circuit.
3. according to the described pumping-unit motor remote supervision system of claim 1 based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that described administrative center carries out backstage parameter management software and pumping-unit motor monitored, managed from each remote monitoring terminal data of concentrator by handling, analyzing.
4. according to the described pumping-unit motor remote supervision system of claim 1 based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, described pumping-unit motor remote monitoring terminal is by the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D, voltage current transformer, 16 A/D converters, signal conditioning circuit and constitute by the up frequency communication driving circuit that controllable silicon and resistance constitute, the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D of remote monitoring terminal inside passes through software computing handle from voltage, the raw information of current sensor is carried out digital signal processing, also to monitor the malfunction of pumping-unit motor simultaneously, carry out fault judgement, thereby possess the function of measurement of electric parameter and two-way frequency communication.
5. according to the described pumping-unit motor remote supervision system of claim 4 based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, the malfunction of described monitoring pumping-unit motor, carrying out fault judgement is the fault of being judged the pumping-unit motor operation by the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D by the software computing, when voltage effective value surpasses respective threshold, be judged as overvoltage; When being lower than respective threshold, being judged as voltage and falling phase; When current effective value surpasses wealthy family's limit value, be judged as the over current of motor fault that might be short-circuited, when current effective value is lower than threshold ones, the motor operation troubles might take place; The power of motor operation occurs oil pumper holddown or belt slip fault might occurring when sharply changing; Because the load of every kind of pumping-unit motor is different with operating mode, different threshold value are all arranged, remote monitoring terminal judges whether to break down according to parameter and the respective threshold numerical value gathered, simultaneously form corresponding malfunction coding according to nature of trouble, so just can be easy and reflect current malfunction exactly.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described pumping-unit motor remote supervision systems based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, described remote monitoring terminal considers that pumping-unit motor also has the electrical machine energy-saving equipment based on the discontinuous power supply mode, remote monitoring terminal just must be interrupted energy-conservation power supply mode and malfunction difference, interrupted energy-conservation power supply is interrupted part-time outage, is to cut off the power supply and have a power failure always.
7. pumping-unit motor remote monitoring method based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, this remote monitoring method is in the supply line of oil field, transmit information by the frequency communication mode between remote monitoring terminal and the concentrator, down going channel modulation voltage waveform in transformer station to remote monitoring terminal, at the data feedback channel modulating current waveform of remote monitoring terminal,, transmit information by Ethernet between concentrator and the administrative center to realize communication to transformer station; This remote monitoring method comprises:
1) remote monitoring terminal data pre-service
Remote monitoring terminal is mainly monitored the three-phase voltage of pumping-unit motor, the effective value of electric current, meritorious and reactive factor; Monitor the electric current of the upper and lower stroke of pumping-unit motor, the variation of oil pumping process power factor, also will monitor the malfunction of pumping-unit motor simultaneously, make the demand that guarantees that oilfield safety is produced; The dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D of remote monitoring terminal inside carries out digital signal processing by software computing handle from the raw information of voltage, current sensor, obtain the various operation electric parameters of pumping-unit motor then, carry out fault judgement simultaneously;
Dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D carries out computing by digital filtering mode and eliminates various influence of harmonic in voltage, the electric current raw sensory information in digital signal processing, thereby obtains voltage, current electrical parameter; Simultaneously, the dsp processor with 12 built-in A/D is used different parameters and computing method and is adapted to pumping-unit motor and have star, angle electric connecting mode in data operation;
2) realization of the frequency communication of oil recovery supply line
Adopt the frequency communication mode between transformer station and the remote monitoring terminal, the frequency communication mode is a media with oil pumping motor supply line, can pass through substation transformer transmission data, carry out the setting of modulating equipment, parameter at the frequency communication transmitting terminal, and all handle in the demodulation computing that receives portvoltage, current distortion information, the pumping-unit motor remote supervision system can be realized reliable frequency communication by oil pumping supply line;
Described frequency communication is by coming modulation voltage, current waveform in the conducting of sending-end voltage near zero-crossing point control controllable silicon, thereby discern these distortion information at receiving end and realize data communication, wherein the up frequency communication from the remote monitoring terminal to the transformer station is to realize data communication by current distortion information, and the descending frequency communication from the transformer station to the remote monitoring terminal is to realize data communication by voltage distortion information;
The frequency communication modulation parameter mainly comprises modulation period, modulating current intensity and signal of communication coded system, the selection of these parameters will be in conjunction with the operation characteristic of oil recovery supply line and pumping-unit motor, modulating current intensity in the remote monitoring terminal is modulation moment 20A peak-to-peak value, the modulating current intensity of concentrator side is modulation moment 80A peak-to-peak value, with be applied to electric system check meter the field the frequency communication mode relatively, uplink and downlink modulating current intensity is all less than them, to the not influence of work operation of pumping-unit motor, the harmonic wave that is produced is in specialized range;
Aspect the frequency communication demodulation, remote monitoring terminal and concentrator all are the demodulation that realizes frequency communication by signals collecting and digital signal processing, the hardware platform of remote monitoring terminal is dsp processor and external 16 A/D change-over circuits, and the hardware platform of concentrator is the A/D capture card circuit in the industrial computer, though their digital signal processing algorithm is different, but common characteristic is extraction under the electrical network strong noise background, faint voltage, the current modulated of identification, and the key of frequency communication success is exactly the filtering for the strong jamming noise;
3) software and hardware system anti-disturbance method and circuit design under the different service conditions
In the oil pumping motor monitoring system, the back-stage management center mainly is the operation of management software, does not have the anti-interference problem of equipment substantially; Concentrator is installed in partly that transformer station is indoor, and working environment is better, and because quantity is few, anti-interference problem solves easily; And the working environment very severe of remote monitoring terminal, on the one hand because the operation of pumping-unit motor can produce the working stability of a large amount of harmonic effects terminals; On the other hand since oil well be in the field, its variation of ambient temperature is very big, minimum can be near 40 degrees below zero;
Device in the remote monitoring terminal is the army's of employing grade or good technical grade device all, with the response environment variation of temperature; Adopt reliable power supply simultaneously in the circuit of remote monitoring terminal in the design, the power supply of terminal device adopts the mode of AC and DC in conjunction with filtering, has filtered the interference in the power supply to greatest extent; Simultaneously in DC voltage-stabilizing output, also designed voltage suppressor TVS and suppressed surge in the 380V circuit the influence of remote monitoring terminal; Simultaneously in the design of circuit board, the power lead overstriking of trying one's best, simulation ground with digitally separate the try one's best antijamming capability of thick multiple measure raising equipment of ground wire, help to strengthen noise resisting ability like this, realized the reliability service of remote supervision system at the scene, oil field.
8. according to the described beam pumping unit remote monitoring method of claim 7 based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that, described descending frequency communication adopts two adjacent voltage cycle waveforms to represent 1 information, distortion expression " 1 " is arranged near the 1st voltage over zero, distortion expression " 0 " is arranged near the 2nd voltage over zero, because power supply line of oil pumping machine disturbs strong, and up modulating current is less, up frequency communication adopts 1 information of continuous 6 current cycle information representations, difference according to current distortion position in this 6 cycles is represented " 1 " and " 0 ", and provides condition for the parallel uplink communication of many remote monitoring terminals.
9. according to the described pumping-unit motor remote monitoring method of claim 7 based on power-frequency communication of electric, it is characterized in that described remote monitoring terminal and concentrator have adopted multiple auto adapted filtering and intelligent processing method to filter interference noise in the digital signal processing mode; Because data message " 1 ", " 0 " of frequency communication are to reflect by the diverse location that distortion in a plurality of cycles produces, in uplink and downlink communication demodulation, at first near data period sampling voltage over zero from sensor, voltage, the current data in corresponding 2 cycles are carried out calculus of differences, since in this 2 cycles always 1 distortion is arranged and in addition 1 do not have, so just can get rid of major part and comprise the interference of 50HZ signal and distorted signal is kept; And then remove remaining interference by the auto adapted filtering mode, because the harmonic interference of oil recovery supply line is very strong, when starting the moment or the operation of electrical machine energy-saving device control, oil pumping motor also can produce distortion effects, therefore the selection of auto adapted filtering parameter has engaged various interference characteristics in the circuit, offset disturbing effect greatly by the auto adapted filtering computing, produced distortion according to the frequency communication modulating current simultaneously and combine parameter estimation algorithm with the rule difference that other power electronic equipments produce distortion.
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| CN101819436A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 山东卓尔电气有限公司 | System for monitoring running of oil extractor in oil field |
| CN102025194B (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2013-10-30 | 华北电力大学 | Power frequency communication synchronous detection method and device for industrial power grid |
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| CN102932294A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Power frequency communication system applied to oil field power grid |
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| CN106160211B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2019-08-02 | 国家电网公司 | Rural power grids remote detecting system and method based on multichannel frequency communication technology |
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