CN103532233B - Based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology - Google Patents
Based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103532233B CN103532233B CN201310476960.0A CN201310476960A CN103532233B CN 103532233 B CN103532233 B CN 103532233B CN 201310476960 A CN201310476960 A CN 201310476960A CN 103532233 B CN103532233 B CN 103532233B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System based on GPRS technology, wherein microprocessor is connected with power information harvester by RS485 module, gathers the data in power information harvester; The data collected are saved in Flash module by microprocessor, microprocessor also by after the data processing that collects by RS232 module transfer to GPRS module; GPRS module communicates with dns server, obtains the IP address of TCP communication server; Then GPRS module communicates with TCP communication server, and the data after microprocessor processes are sent to TCP communication server, and the data after microprocessor processes are saved in database server by TCP communication server; The access of data in PC database server; Power management module is connected with the power end of microprocessor.The present invention can position the position occurred with electric fault.
Description
Technical field
The power information that the present invention relates in electrical network gathers field, specifically a kind of power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System based on GPRS technology.
Background technology
Under current expanding economy trend, traditional electrical network can not meet the demand of power industry, and intelligent grid becomes developing direction.And just current, the basis that electrical network has become industrialization, informationized society develops and important component part.Along with the continuous propelling of market-oriented reform, intelligent grid has become the only way of modern power network technical development.Wherein, along with the development of electronic technology, power information acquisition system provides practicable technological means for realizing the examination of electric quantity acquisition, data statistic analysis and electricity, fundamentally overcome Traditional Man to check meter the drawback of pattern, simultaneously by the strengthened research of system, for electrical management provides modern means, change the social activities mode of people gradually, become an indispensable part in some areas people life.
But the power information acquisition abnormity corresponded accurately locates never good solution.Such as centralized meter-reading system, it comprises the front-end collection and background system concentrated collection that are undertaken by some cycles.Although the requirement of load Analysis and low-voltage monitoring can be met like this, be difficult to the needs meeting distribution repair based on condition of component.This system does not possess the function of active reporting fault message yet, cannot meet the requirement of breakdown repair yet.When electric energy meter breaks down, subscriber phone can only be leaned on to feed back and could determine that electric energy meter breaks down, and determine location of fault.This does not reach far away " self-healing property ", " interactive " required by intelligent grid.Therefore finding a kind of rationally effective power information acquisition abnormity accurately to locate solution, is the inevitable requirement of China's development " electrical network 2.0 ".
The history of low pressure carrier wave centralized meter-reading system can trace back to the end of the nineties in last century, due to the rapid progress of correlative technology field, main is the extensive use of GPRS, and the data transmission channel in centralized meter-reading system is improved greatly, and the low pressure carrier wave collection technology of copying starts to move to maturity.Even to this day, communication development in science and technology is swift and violent, and the development of coding and compressionism, the popularization of 3G network, all makes centralized meter-reading system achieve significant progress.At this moment nucleus equipment-the collector of centralized meter-reading system is due to the raising of manufacturing technology, and performance tends towards stability; Meanwhile, concentrator development is also very fast, the lifting at full speed of processor of single chip computer performance, the increase of memory space, all makes centralized meter-reading system be tending towards ripe further.
And, along with the high speed development of computer science, the marketing mis system being in management level is also evolved into from traditional C/S model and has more open B/S system, provide not only more abundant database interface and the interface with higher authorities and extraneous exchange message, but also expand traditional mis system is conceptive----advocate utilizing existing data-interface for power industry modern service to greatest extent.
Present domestic power information acquisition abnormity location mainly adopts following methods:
1. strengthen extension and the expanded application of power distribution automation DA function, Distribution Automation Technology is extended to low-voltage platform area, and fault location is 0.4 kilovolt of distribution transforming;
2. use the geography information simulated grid generalized information system based on SCADA to extend to collection table case, in the mutual importing etc. of fault location, production MIS and the interface of marketing MIS, the connection of SCADA dispatching and graphics standard form, and use GPS localizing faults breakdown van or position indicator to carry out fault location, clear failure place and power failure range.
3. in low-voltage platform area, distribution transforming intelligent terminal is installed, monitoring A, B, C, N tri-line current, zero-sequence current and three-phase voltage, multiplexing electric abnormality and platform district fault are judged in fluctuation etc. according to the sudden change of electric current and overcurrent, fast segment signal, voltage, and this information uploads to main website and carries out fault location and be presented in GIS GIS-Geographic Information System.
Above method uses in some areas, achieves certain effect.But the technical sophistication that they use, maintenance difficulties are large, effectively can not carry out low-voltage platform area fault location.
For power grid enterprises, information flow is not the aid of flow of power and Business Stream, but the control axis of power grid enterprises and nervous system, be the resource of electric power enterprise most worthy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention need the problem solved be complicated power distribution network institute the overlay area in, distribute, the exchange of the information resources of isomery, conversion, feature identify and mapping.From the data gathered, obtain the address information of fault concentrator, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter, determine the particular location that fault occurs.
Thus need to carry out data mining to the data collected, data mining is exactly the non-trivial process obtaining effective, novel, potentially useful, final intelligible pattern from mass data.Data mining is the data analysing method of a class profound level in fact, analyzes and organizes original data, make induction, therefrom excavate potential pattern, for managerial decision making provides support.Excavate potential pattern by data mining technology, prediction future trend, for electrical production decision-making provides senior support.For the feature identify and mapping of data message, based on distribution network system feature and current technical development, five kinds of system integration technologies are had to can be used for data message integrated and shared: (1) is based on the integrated technology of XML; (2) based on the integrated technology of stipulations; (3) based on the integrated technology of API; (4) based on the integrated technology of database; (5) based on the integrated technology of blackboard decision model.
As follows for solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical solution used in the present invention: based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology, to comprise power information harvester, GPRS module, PC, RS485 module, microprocessor, RS232 module, Flash module, power management module, TCP communication server, dns server and database server; Wherein, described microprocessor is connected with power information harvester by RS485 module, gathers the data in power information harvester; The data collected are saved in Flash module by microprocessor, microprocessor also by after the data processing that collects by RS232 module transfer to GPRS module; GPRS module communicates with dns server, obtains the IP address of TCP communication server; Then GPRS module communicates with TCP communication server, and the data after microprocessor processes are sent to TCP communication server, and the data after microprocessor processes are saved in database server by TCP communication server; The access of data in PC database server; Power management module is connected with the power end of microprocessor.
Particularly, above-mentioned power information harvester is concentrator, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter.
Further, above-mentioned microprocessor is judge whether data exceed default threshold values to the process that the data collected are carried out, if exceeded, sends with alert data.
The Advantageous Effects that the present invention obtains is: the low-voltage distribution transformer platform district being scattered in different geographical, carry out mass data collection according to traditional group net mode, networking will be very complicated, and cost is also higher.Each distribution transforming peace oral thermometer installs a data collection station (being made up of RS485 module, microprocessor, RS232 module, Flash module and power management module), this terminal obtains the IP address of TCP communication server from dns server by GPRS network, then by data summarization to TCP communication server, finally data are stored into database server, thus make networking simple.
During concentrator conventional operational, only pass in database server by GPRS module by electric quantity metering information with the fraction time, the communications portion of most of the time concentrator is in off position.Utilize the time period of this abundance, to the data analysis process in concentrator, and accurate abnormal ammeter information can be uploaded onto the server by GPRS excessively.There is no the electricity consumption region of concentrator at other, detect the environmental parameter of the terminal equipments such as transformer, on-line monitoring, accident analysis and load monitoring are carried out to terminal equipment.By analyzing operational factor, analyzing and holding the operating state of whole equipment whether normal.Meanwhile, passed in each server by GPRS module after the result of analysis can being encrypted.The position that fault occurs can be positioned like this.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the basic communication flow figure of TCP communication server of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the basic communication flow figure that GPRS of the present invention holds;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of server active obtaining data in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the passive acquisition data of server in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart improving GSA algorithm.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology, comprise power information harvester 1, GPRS module 7, PC 11, RS485 module 2, microprocessor 3, RS232 module 4, Flash module 5, power management module 6, TCP communication server 8, dns server 9 and database server 10; Wherein, described microprocessor 3 is connected with power information harvester 1 by RS485 module 2, gathers the data in power information harvester 1; The data collected are saved in Flash module 5 by microprocessor 3, microprocessor 3 is also transferred to GPRS module 7 by after the data processing collected by RS232 module 4, this is treated to and judges whether data exceed default threshold values, if exceeded, sends with alert data; GPRS module 7 communicates with dns server 9, obtains the IP address of TCP communication server 8; Then GPRS module 7 communicates with TCP communication server 8, and the data after microprocessor 3 is processed be sent to TCP communication server 8, TCP communication server 8 microprocessor 3 is processed after data be saved in database server 10; The access of data in PC 11 database server 10; Power management module 6 is connected with the power end of microprocessor 3.
It is data collection station that above-mentioned RS485 module 2, microprocessor 3, RS232 module 4, Flash module 5 and power management module 6 are combined as an entirety, is installed together with concentrator, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter.
PC 11 is installed the abnormal pinpoint WEB system of a set of perfect power information.Can add up malfunctioning node information, analyze, can in WEB in the mode such as curve chart, block diagram for user provides statistics intuitively, and the function of report form statistics can be provided for user.
To with the concentrator in the present embodiment, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter, according to relevant criterion, concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter have an infrared communication mouth, two 485 communication ports.Each ammeter all has a unique address, and as the unique identifier of communication, the communications protocol of ammeter adopts DL/T645-2007 communication protocol.Concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter meet national standard, can gather, preserve ammeter data.
Each GPRS module 7 is provided with a Mobile phone card, in the middle of communication process, can phone number be known, in this, as the identification code of GPRS module 7.The mode of operation of GPRS module 7 is TCP client, can configuration server address, supports that broken string is from being dynamically connected.The main function of GPRS module 7 is the instruction receiving TCP communication server 8, and is transmitted to concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter, and the data then concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter sent are intact issues TCP communication server 8.Because the IP address of TCP communication server 8 can change or an Intranet IP, therefore, first GPRS module 7 will obtain the IP address of TCP communication server 8 by dns server 9, then just can carry out data transmit-receive.
The major function of TCP communication server 8 is the data that acquisition terminal sent by GPRS that transmit and receive data.In logic, it can be interpreted as 485 hubs.It is by IP network, sends packet to concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter (GPRS module forwardings), then the data (GPRS module forwarding) that feed back of reception concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter.Then, according to communication protocol to decoding data, and be saved in database server.The functions such as TCP server support gathers automatically (timing acquiring, according to plan task collection etc.), manual collection.The function such as pairing, presence maintenance, presence warning of TCP server management equipment.The basic communication flow of TCP communication server as shown in Figure 2.Basic communication flow when GPRS module forwards as shown in Figure 3.
Database server 10 mainly stores the data that concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter are sent by GPRS.
Data collection station is embedded system, is arranged on same position with concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter.By employing 485 chip RS485 module 2, adopt the microprocessor 3 of STM32 micro-chip processor, adopt the RS232 module 4 of 232 chips, Flash module 5 and power management module 6 to form, be provided with two interfaces, one is RS485 interface, for communicating with concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter, gather the data of concentrator or Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter; Another is RS232 or RS485 interface, for communicating with GPRS module, uploading warning message and receiving promising and configuration order from far-end server.The data analysis of microprocessor 3 pairs of concentrators or Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter judges whether to exceed threshold value, if exceeded, is abnormal data, will have abnormal data upload to server, i.e. the passive acquisition data of server, and flow process as shown in Figure 5.Simultaneously server also timing (time is relatively long) go active obtaining Source of Gateway Meter data by single-chip microcomputer transparent transmission.Server end also can by the configuration parameter (such as amendment analyzes the kind of data, the alarm threshold value of Update Table) in aerial configuration modification collecting device, i.e. server active obtaining data, flow process as shown in Figure 4.The advantage of adopter's two kinds of modes saves GPRS flow, and server end needs data volume to be processed few.
Microprocessor 3 determines whether that the arthmetic statement that abnormal data adopts is as follows.Abnormal information in electric power system grasps real-time network operation state for dispatcher, and making correct scheduling decision has impact.The present invention adopts artificial neural net, cluster analysis combines with gap statistic algorithm, and improves algorithm, utilizes innovatory algorithm to realize the detection of abnormal data.
This algorithm is a kind of unsupervised learning algorithm.Carry out preliminary treatment by artificial neural net to image data, cluster analysis carries out cluster to pretreated data, and gap statistic algorithm determines best cluster number automatically.When containing abnormal data in image data, after gap statistic algorithm determines best cluster number, clustering algorithm is polymerized to different classes image data, realizes being separated of normal data and abnormal data, thus can go out abnormal data in power information image data by Detection and identification.Algorithm is when processing the mass data in bulk power grid, and amount of calculation can be relatively large, and computational speed is subject to the impact of data volume size, needs to improve algorithm, makes algorithm be applicable to the process of mass data.
GSA arthmetic statement after improvement is as follows: define gap (Gap) statistic in GSA method such as formula shown in (1):
Gap(k)＝E(ln(W
r，k))-ln(W
k)(1)
In order to reduce the non-linear error brought, in formula (1), to W
r, kgot logarithm, made it more be tending towards linear, but such directly results in cannot calculate E (ln (W
r, k)) with reference to the expression under respectively, the method that sample can only be adopted to estimate obtains E (ln (W
r, k)) approximation, thus bring error.In fact, owing to producing the randomness of reference data set, ln (W can be thought
r, k) be a stochastic variable, and the regularity of distribution of this stochastic variable is complicated, thus cause Gap statistic cannot represent with expression, sample therefore can only be adopted GSA algorithm just to be made to become a practicable method to totally estimating.
The important step of GSA method produces reference data in suitable reference distribution situation, but the generation of reference data is random, so each random error produced also is different.To produce random error be that the mode estimated by sample is introduced simulation error to characterize, the array F of simulation error and sample statistics and often to organize the number of sample relevant, when carrying out mass data or the larger calculating of F value, the amount of calculation of simulation error is very large, computational speed can be affected, and can not meet the anomalous data identification requirement of mass data in real-time grid.
The summation of the evaluation dispersion degree of k cluster that what cluster dispersion was portrayed is, and variance is used for portraying data average discrete degree, the Gap statistic in formula (1) revised thus, revised Gap statistic is such as formula (2):
GaP(k)＝ln(E(W
r，k))-ln(W
k)t(2)
Fig. 6 is the flow chart improving GSA algorithm, and key step is as follows:
1) by neural network algorithm, preliminary treatment is carried out to data, pretreated data are carried out cluster, and cluster dispersion when calculating different cluster number;
2) to be uniformly distributed as a reference, the desired value of cluster dispersion corresponding to different cluster number k is calculated;
3) Gap (k) value corresponding to different cluster number k is calculated;
4) determine minimum k value, and carry out anomaly data detection.
Claims (3)
1. based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology, comprise power information harvester (1), GPRS module (7) and PC (11), it is characterized in that: also comprise RS485 module (2), microprocessor (3), RS232 module (4), Flash module (5), power management module (6), TCP communication server (8), dns server (9) and database server (10); Wherein, described microprocessor (3) is connected with power information harvester (1) by RS485 module (2), gathers the data in power information harvester (1); The data collected are saved in Flash module (5) by microprocessor (3), and microprocessor (3) is also transferred to GPRS module (7) by after the data processing collected by RS232 module (4); GPRS module (7) communicates with dns server (9), obtains the IP address of TCP communication server (8); Then GPRS module (7) communicates with TCP communication server (8), and the data after being processed by microprocessor (3) are sent to TCP communication server (8), the data after microprocessor (3) processes by TCP communication server (8) are saved in database server (10); The access of data in PC (11) database server (10); Power management module (6) is connected with the power end of microprocessor (3);
Described microprocessor (3) is judge whether data exceed default threshold values to the process that the data collected are carried out, if exceeded, sends with abnormal data; Microprocessor (3) determines whether that algorithm that abnormal data adopts is the GSA algorithm after improving, and comprises the following steps:
1) by neural network algorithm, preliminary treatment is carried out to data, pretreated data are carried out cluster, and cluster dispersion when calculating different cluster number k;
2) to be uniformly distributed as a reference, the desired value of cluster dispersion corresponding to different cluster number k is calculated;
3) Gap (k) value corresponding to different cluster number k is calculated;
4) determine minimum k value, and carry out anomaly data detection.
2. according to claim 1 based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology, it is characterized in that: described power information harvester (1) is concentrator, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter.
3. according to claim 2 based on the power information acquisition abnormity Precise Position System of GPRS technology, it is characterized in that: described RS485 module (2), microprocessor (3), RS232 module (4), Flash module (5) and power management module (6) are combined as an entirety, are installed together with concentrator, Source of Gateway Meter or electric energy meter.
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| CN105427542A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Alarming method for abnormity of distribution transformer |
| CN105610997A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-25 | 东南大学 | Real-time data transmission method based on dynamic IP address of mobile terminal |
| CN113128117A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 河南能创电子科技有限公司 | Low-voltage centralized reading, operation and maintenance simulation device based on AI artificial neural network research |
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| CN202931036U (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-05-08 | 重庆市电力公司南岸供电局 | Transformer real-time data analysis system based on gateway meter |
| CN203632354U (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-06-04 | 国网重庆市电力公司客户服务中心 | Electricity consumption information acquisition abnormity positioning system in electric network |
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| KR100964296B1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-16 | 한국전력거래소 | A data acquisition and supervisory control system |
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| CN201928087U (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 江苏电力信息技术有限公司 | Grid-equipment-monitoring and fault-locating wireless system based on SOA (service-oriented architecture) architecture |
| CN102055198A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-05-11 | 重庆樱花电气开关有限公司 | Reactive compensation intelligent monitoring management system |
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