CN1326595C

CN1326595C - Integrated method for treating indoor fit-up harmful gas by baking, air exhausting and biological treatment

Info

Publication number: CN1326595C
Application number: CNB2005100104389A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘京; 吕阳; 姜安玺; 谢冰; 李静
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2005-10-19
Filing date: 2005-10-19
Publication date: 2007-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2025-10-19
Also published as: CN1768909A

Abstract

The present invention provides an integral method for the baking exhaustion and the biological treatment of harmful gas from indoor decoration. The surface temperature of indoor building materials is heated to 30 DEG C to 40 DEG C by an infrared surface heating device; a biological filter composed of a nutrient solution tank, a treating tower, a biological film, an atomizing nozzle, a circulation pipeline and a circulating pump is arranged in a room, wherein the treating tower is arranged above the nutrient solution tank at the lower part of the biological filter, and the advantage bacteria of pseudomonas and brevibacteria are loaded on the biological film filled in the treating tower; the atomizing nozzle is arranged above the treating tower, and the atomizing nozzle and the nutrient solution tank are connected by the circulation pipeline on which the circulating pump is arranged. Air in the room is sucked into the lower part of the treating tower by a sucking pump, and the air is discharged into the room after the air goes through the biological film in the treating tower, and nutrient solution circulates between the atomizing nozzle and the nutrient solution tank under the action of the circulating pump. The integral method has good treatment efficiency and short treatment time. In addition, the technique of the biological treatment has the advantage of environmental protection, so that the poisonous and harmful gas is converted into CO2, H2O and self cell matrixes, and no secondary pollution is generated.

Description

Indoor fit-up harmful gas baking, air exhausting and bioanalysis are handled integral method

(1) technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of processing method and isolated plant thereof of gas, and specifically a kind of pernicious gas that interior decoration is brought carries out the method by baking, air exhausting and biological treatment.

(2) background technology

Along with the raising of people's living standard, people more and more pay attention to the effect and the quality of interior decoration.But because the harmful effect that pernicious gas caused that interior decoration produced more and more causes people's attention.Characteristics such as that indoor fit-up harmful gas has is of a great variety, mechanism is complicated, the volatilization cycle is long, as the deenergized period of formaldehyde be 3-15, do not carry out specially treated, can not vapor away fully in a short time.Still not having effective processing method up to now can handle indoor fit-up harmful gas and be up to state standards at short notice.Existing processing method cuts both ways.For example photocatalysis oxidation technique is relatively good to the higher occasion treatment effect of industrial plants pollutant levels, but relatively low to the indoor concentration of common buildings, harmful degree occasion DeGrain that exists steady in a long-term; Physical absorption has good effect to VOC, but the removal effect of PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) is bad.In addition, existing processing method is owing to can not control the divergence speed of pollution sources, in case stop using, pollution concentration phenomenon repeatedly can occur again.The popular at present gravity-flow ventilation of generally adopting is then directly arranged pernicious gas to atmosphere, can cause the air pollution of building surrounding enviroment, and in the bigger occasion of site coverage, be easy to generate cross pollution, and is therefore also undesirable.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of indoor fit-up harmful gas is handled economically feasible, simple and effective method.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: with heater the indoor building materials surface temperature is heated to 30 ℃-40 ℃, in indoor setting by the nutrient solution water tank that is positioned at the bottom, be positioned at the treating column of nutrient solution water tank top, be filled in the biomembrane that dominant bacteria is pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and brevibacterium (Brevibacterium) that is loaded with in the treating column, be positioned at the atomizer for the treatment of column top, be connected in the circulating line between nutrient solution water tank and the atomizer and be arranged at the biofilter that the circulating pump on the circulating line is formed, room air sucks the below for the treatment of column with aspiration pump, pass and enter behind the biomembrane in the treating column indoorly from the treating column top, nutrient solution is circulating between atomizer and nutrient solution water tank under the effect of circulating pump.

Method of the present invention can also comprise:

1, described heater is an infrared heater.

2, the liquid-gas ratio in the treating column is selected 0.03-0.1.

3, the exit velocity of aspiration pump is lower than 0.5m/s.

4, basic composition is of nutrient solution:

Composition

Glucose

Urea

KH ₂PO ₄

MgSO ₄

CaCl ₂

?FeSO ₄·7H ₂O

Concentration (mg/L)

750

86

35

21.5

32.5

17.2

Method of the present invention at first utilizes the harmful substance in the architectural decorative and fitting materials to cure the characteristics of easier volatilization down at high temperature, quickens the speed of distributing of indoor fit-up harmful gas by promoting the building material surface temperature.The indoor fit-up harmful gas of discharging after curing enters treating apparatus under the effect of small-sized aspiration pump, purify through biological treatment device.Biological treatment device is a small-sized bio-trickling filter.Nutrient solution is atomized into drop through circulating pump by nozzle and sprays from top to bottom in the pond, contacts with dusty gas is reverse on the one hand, utilizes characteristic soluble in water such as dust, formaldehyde with its preliminary removal; On the other hand, nutrient solution also provides nutriment for microorganism.Microorganism is further processed contaminated air, and toxic and harmful is converted into CO ₂, H ₂O and the cellular matrix of self.Gas after the processing is got back to indoor by exhaust outlet, circulate according to this until the requirement that reaches national IAQ standard.

By above handling process as can be seen, the present invention combines the own characteristic that cures and carry out a biological disposal upon, and treatment effect is greatly improved.Since adopt the method for curing that the harmful substance in the decorating and renovating material is come out at short notice, indoor harmful gas concentration appearance phenomenon repeatedly after the conventional process avoided, and shortened the processing time.In addition, in the process of curing, handle, make that the pollutant levels in the room air remain on lower level, thereby prevented the inhibition of excessive concentration Pollutants Diffusion by continuous bioanalysis.Reasonable, easy and simple to handle, the nutrient solution reusable edible of special processor compact conformation of the present invention, and biologic treating technique belongs to green environmental protection technique, and toxic and harmful is converted into CO ₂, H ₂O and the cellular matrix of self can not produce secondary pollution.Performance is by preliminary test, and proving effect meets the expection imagination.

Experimental results show that the purification efficiency of benzene is 65%～70% when 30 ℃ of stoving temperatures, the purification efficiency of toluene is about 93%, and the purification efficiency of dimethylbenzene is about 85%.And when stoving temperature was 40 ℃, the purification efficiency of benzene remained on 48.9%～73%, and the purification efficiency of toluene remains on 66.2%～75%, and the purification efficiency of dimethylbenzene remains on 66.3%～84%.When the inlet concentration of formaldehyde less than 6.578mg/m ³, bio-trickling filter PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) purification efficiency keeps 100% always.Stoving temperature is that to be lower than stoving temperature be 30 ℃ condition for bio-trickling filter is handled indoor fit-up harmful gas under 40 ℃ the condition purification efficiency.Analyzing reason is under aerobic condition, and the optimum temperature range of microbial enzyme system enzymatic reaction is between 20～30 ℃.In this temperature range, the physiological activity of microorganism is vigorous, is higher or lower than this temperature range, and microorganism is exerted an influence to the degraded of organic pollution.The interior superiority bacteria spp of bio-trickling filter is a pseudomonad in this research, and the temperature range of its growth is 1～37 ℃, and optimum growth temperature is 26 ℃.Experimental study shows, from the clean-up effect angle of bio-trickling filter processing indoor fit-up harmful gas, selects 30 ℃ of stoving temperatures than 40 ℃ of stoving temperature ideals.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of application of the present invention and special processor;

Fig. 2 for test in the experiment cure effect (visible during curing indoor formaldehyde and triphen concentration all in various degree growth 2-6 times.)；

Fig. 3,4 is the bioanalysis treatment effect;

Fig. 5,6 is a bio-trickling filter microorganism microphoto.

(5) specific embodiments

For a more detailed description to the present invention for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Present technique adopts and cures and the mode of carrying out a biological disposal upon and combining.Consider that in the process of curing stoving temperature is too high, make the dry distortion of building materials and interior finish material, operating personnel's discomfort, energy consumption big easily, so 30 ℃-40 ℃ of stoving temperature selections.Cure the employing infrared heater, improve the building material surface temperature, thereby reduce the heating indoor air temperature, can guarantee to cure energy-conservation a large amount of energy consumptions on the basis of effect in the radiation heat transfer mode.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, special processor of the present invention is a small-sized bio-trickling filter, and indoor fit-up harmful gas carries out various processing in the process of device interior compulsory circulation.Nutrient solution enters biomembrane 6 via circulating pump 3 by atomizer 4, comes together in the nutrient solution water tank 5 of bottom at last.Indoor fit-up harmful gas enters biological treatment device under the effect of aspiration pump 1, air inflow and nutrient solution spray flux can be regulated by flowmeter 2.Because indoor fit-up harmful gas and reverse contact of spray have increased the speed of related movement between the gas-liquid, can improve to pollute and remove efficient, and biologic treating technique is that toxic and harmful is converted into CO ₂, H ₂O and the cellular matrix of self can not produce secondary pollution.

The nutrient solution of spray has two effects greatly, easily forms thin drop and a large amount of gas-liquid contacts area by atomizer on the one hand, thereby improves contaminant removal efficiency such as dust, formaldehyde.On the other hand, provide nutriment for the microorganism in the bio-trickling filter.

This treating apparatus not only PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95), VOCs etc. causes that at present the VOC of extensive concern pollutes effectively, can also remove dust etc. by the pollutant in the outdoor inlet chamber.

When air intake is slowly flowed through the bottom tank water surface, can absorb part pollutant soluble in water, so the air intake flow velocity is unsuitable too high, need be lower than 0.5m/s.

Consider the influence to biological treatment efficient of the gas flow and the time of staying, best liquid-gas ratio is selected 0.03-0.1.

Claims

1, a kind of indoor fit-up harmful gas baking, air exhausting and bioanalysis are handled integral method, it is characterized in that: indoor temperature is heated to 30 ℃-40 ℃ with heater, in indoor setting by the nutrient solution water tank that is positioned at the bottom, be positioned at the treating column of nutrient solution water tank top, be filled in the biomembrane that dominant bacteria is pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) and brevibacterium (Brevibacterium) that is loaded with in the treating column, be positioned at the atomizer for the treatment of column top, be connected in the circulating line between nutrient solution water tank and the atomizer and be arranged at the biofilter that the circulating pump on the circulating line is formed, room air sucks the below for the treatment of column with aspiration pump, enter indoor from the treating column top after passing the biomembrane in the treating column, nutrient solution is circulating between atomizer and nutrient solution water tank under the effect of circulating pump, described heater is an infrared heater, liquid-gas ratio in the treating column is selected 0.03-0.1, the exit velocity of aspiration pump is lower than 0.5m/s, basic composition is of nutrient solution: glucose 750mg/L, urea 86mg/L, KH ₂PO ₄35mg/L, MgSO ₄21.5mg/L, CaCl ₂32.5mg/L, FeSO ₄7H ₂O17.2mg/L.