CN1324507C - Device and method for forming prescription for monitoring crop growing state and nutrition spreading fertilizer - Google Patents
Device and method for forming prescription for monitoring crop growing state and nutrition spreading fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for forming prescriptions for monitoring crop growing states and nutrition spreading fertilizers. The device is composed of hardware devices and software programs. Crops are monitored in time by a video camera and a nutrient component detector under the control of a computer, monitor signals enter a computer database after the monitor signals are digitized. The method carries out the feature extraction of images and nutrient components for monitoring data and recognition treatment for growing states and fertility modes by computer programs according to the information of a data base of growth characteristics and development characteristics, a data base of nutrient characteristics, a history data base of growing states, a history data base of using fertilizers, a knowledge base of growth and development, and a knowledge base of ecological balance fertilizer application; the information of the growing states and the development states, and the information of soil nutrient components and plant nutrient components are obtained; then, the information is combined. The synthesized association information of the growing states and the development states, tendency, the concentration and the distribution of the soil nutrient components and the plant nutrient components, etc. is obtained; knowledge inference is carried out, selection is made in an intelligent way, and the prescription of the nutrient fertilizer application is formed; thereby, the aim of scientific fertilizer application is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the information detection technology application, particularly a kind of by computer control and handle be used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus and method.
Background technology
Existing crop growth status monitoring mainly is to lean on people's site observation to carry out, corresponding nutrient fertilization management mainly is that dependence technology books and historical experience are made a strategic decision by the people, the result of monitoring, decision-making and management varies with each individual, and is unfavorable for the developing direction of agricultural modernization, industrialization and greenization.How utilizing infotech to realize the crop growth status monitoring and the nutrient fertilization of science, is technical matters anxious to be solved.
Infotech is the guide of agricultural science and technology revolution, the Agricultural Information technology is for the transformation of quickening China's traditional agriculture, improve the quality of agriculture production benefit and agricultural product, improve agricultural management and business decision level, promote that agricultural continues, stable development, have great importance, huge application space and vast potential for future development are arranged.
Since the last century the eighties, China has carried out the research that technology such as systems engineering, database and information management system, remote sensing, expert system, decision support system (DSS), Geographic Information System are applied to agricultural, resource and environment aspect, has obtained a collection of important achievement.In agri-scientific research, management and department of basic unit, very huge data, example and knowledge experience have been accumulated, mass data data such as the growth of cereal crop seedlings relevant, native feelings, fertile feelings, regimen, insect pest situation, meteorology and disaster have been accumulated with various crops, these data information messages are stored in the Computer Database, the several data that the program of using a computer is carried out in the agricultural is handled, and realizes instructing peasant's scientific farming by computer program concrete operations step.But a principal character of these achievements is computer software achievements.
The present invention is the newest fruits of integrated application message technology, and invention crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus are for green agriculture, industrialized agriculture and accurate agricultural provide technique device and scientific method.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: at the scientific and Institute of Automation of realizing crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization technical matters anxious to be solved, use video camera and nutritional labeling detector that the crop growth state is monitored in real time, Monitoring Data stores in the Computer Database, with computer program data are handled, a kind of crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus and method of being used for is provided, reaches the purpose of ecological balance fertilization.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus of being used for, this device comprises video camera, video signal preprocessor, video digitizer, Video Controller, nutritional labeling detector, nutritional labeling signal processor, digitizer, sampling controller, robot calculator and the internet access facility that is electrically connected successively, it is characterized in that:
The structure of described device is a dispersed structure that connects with lead or connect with transmission of wireless signals;
Described Video Controller and sampling controller all are subjected to the control of software of electronical computer program, the former produces the duty of control signal corresponding control video camera, video signal preprocessor and video digitizer, and the latter produces control signal corresponding control nutritional labeling detector, nutritional labeling signal processor and digitizer;
The monitor signal of described video camera converts digital signal to by described video digitizer and enters described robot calculator through lead or through wireless transmission after described video signal preprocessor carries out pre-service; The monitor signal of described nutritional labeling detector is after described nutritional labeling signal processor carries out pre-service, convert digital signal to by described digitizer and enter described robot calculator through lead or through wireless transmission, the detection data that described robot calculator will obtain after will handling insert the internet through described internet access facility.
The front end signal that described video camera and nutritional labeling detector are formed the crop growth state monitor jointly obtains part, and the detection data that software program is handled in the described robot calculator are based on raw data.
A kind of method that is used for crop growth status monitoring and the generation of nutrient fertilization prescription, it is characterized in that: the software program that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method of robot calculator operation comprises that crop map is as data, nutritional labeling detects data, multimedia database, the nutritional labeling database, the multi-medium data pre-service, the pre-service of nutritional labeling data, the property data base that grows, the pattern-recognition of image feature extraction growth conditions, the pattern-recognition of nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility, the nutritional character database, the status information of growing, soil and plant nutrient ingredient information, growth conditions historical data base, information fusion is handled, fertilizer uses historical data base, the knowledge base of growing, knowledge reasoning intelligent decision, the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base, the agricultural machinery controlled variable, nutrient fertilization prescription, long-distance user's diagnosis consulting;
The software program flow process running package that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method of described robot calculator operation is drawn together the following step:
1) described video camera from aerial or ground in the face of the plant of crops, comprise stem, leaf, flower, really, skin carries out optics shooting and sequential image acquisition at interval, obtain described crops view data and deposit in the multimedia database of described robot calculator;
2) described nutritional labeling detector carries out the nutritional labeling detection to crops and soil, and the described nutritional labeling of the relevant plant of acquisition and soil detects data and deposits in the nutritional labeling database of described robot calculator;
3) start described multi-medium data preprocessor and nutritional labeling data preprocessing procedures respectively, the detection data in described multimedia database and the nutritional labeling database are carried out data processing, remove data noise, eliminate the vacancy data;
4) start described image feature extraction growth conditions pattern recognition program, extract the status flag that grows on the crops, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process with the described property data base that grows, obtain described crop growthing development status information;
5) start described nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern recognition program, extract the nutritional labeling data characteristics, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process, obtain described soil and plant nutrient ingredient information with described nutritional labeling property data base;
6) start described information fusion handling procedure, use the information of historical data base according to described growth conditions historical data base and fertilizer, crops described the grow status information and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information of monitoring are carried out information fusion handle, obtain crop growthing development state, trend and with soil and plant nutrient ingredient concentration and the comprehensive relevant information that distributes;
7) start described knowledge reasoning intelligent decision program, according to the knowledge in crops described grow knowledge base and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base, generate described nutrient fertilization prescription, contain the fertilizer ratio, trace element ratio and the described agricultural machinery controlled variable of operation that is used for applying fertilizer automatically that are useful on realization ecological balance fertilization purpose in the described nutrient fertilization prescription, and the knowledge and the information that are used to carry out described long-distance user's diagnosis consulting;
Described image feature extraction growth conditions pattern recognition program algorithm is: to the sequence image of crops, carrying out the feature extraction of shape, size, texture and color handles, extract the status flag information of growing of crops, to grow characteristic information and the described property data base that grows of growth conditions algorithm for pattern recognition program carries out characteristic matching identification and handles, and obtains described crop growthing development status information;
Described nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern recognition program algorithm is: to through organic extraction, physical excitation, the data of separating physics and electrochemical process acquisition that heat up are carried out the feature extraction processing, fertility algorithm for pattern recognition program will extract is that the nutritional labeling feature of representative and described nutritional labeling property data base carry out characteristic matching identification and handle with the fertility, obtains described soil and plant nutrient ingredient information;
Described information fusion handling procedure algorithm is: the historical experience information of using the database of historical data base different themes according to described growth conditions historical data base and fertilizer, crops described the grow status information and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information of monitoring are carried out data qualification, excavation and correlation analysis is handled, obtain crop growthing development state, state of development and with soil and plant in the integrated information of nutrient kind, content and concentration;
Described knowledge reasoning intelligent decision programmed algorithm is: to the crop growthing development state that obtains through described information fusion handling procedure, state of development and with the integrated information of soil and plant nutrient, according to the knowledge in crops described grow knowledge base and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base, logical derivation goes out to promote nutrient and the fertilizer that crop growth is required, and intelligent decision generates described nutrient fertilization prescription.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the user uses a kind of crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus and method of being used for, carry out the real-time monitoring of crop growth state and generate the nutrient fertilization prescription, realization is based on the long-range crop growth status monitoring and the diagnosis of internet, the consulting of ecological balance fertilization method can also provide the required Based Intelligent Control parameter of relevant agricultural machinery automatic job based on the prescription operation.This is a kind of effective ways for not science mistaken ideas and the difficult point in ubiquitous crop growth management and the fertilising operation in the agricultural production of the present China of solution, to carrying out green agriculture and agriculture industrialization important facilitation is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a kind of computer program FB(flow block) that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus comprise the video camera 1 that is electrically connected successively, video signal preprocessor 2, video digitizer 3, Video Controller 4, nutritional labeling detector 5, nutritional labeling signal processor 6, digitizer 7, sampling controller 8, robot calculator 9 and internet access facility 10, the structure of this device are dispersed structures that connects with lead or connect with transmission of wireless signals.
This device data detection signal flow process is as can be seen from Figure 1:
The monitor signal of video camera 1 is converted into digital signal by video digitizer 3 and enters robot calculator 9 through lead or through wireless transmission after video signal preprocessor 2 carries out pre-service;
After the monitor signal operation of nutritional labeling detector 5 is formed sub signal processor 6 and is carried out pre-service, be converted into digital signal by digitizer 7 and enter robot calculator 9 through lead or through wireless transmission, robot calculator 9 inserts the internet through internet access facility 10;
Video Controller 4 is subjected to the control of robot calculator 9 software programs, produces the duty of control signal corresponding control video camera 1, video signal preprocessor 2 and video digitizer 3;
Sampling controller 8 is subjected to the control of robot calculator 9 software programs, produces control signal corresponding control nutritional labeling detector 5, nutritional labeling signal processor 6 and digitizer 7.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of software program that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method comprises that crop map is as data 11, nutritional labeling detects data 12, multimedia database 13, nutritional labeling database 14, multi-medium data pre-service 15, nutritional labeling data pre-service 16, the property data base 17 that grows, image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition 18, nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition 19, nutritional character database 20, the status information 21 of growing, soil and plant nutrient ingredient information 22, growth conditions historical data base 23, information fusion handles 24, fertilizer uses historical data base 25, the knowledge base 26 of growing, knowledge reasoning intelligent decision 27, ecological balance fertilization knowledge base 28, agricultural machinery controlled variable 29, nutrient fertilization prescription 30, long-distance user's diagnosis consulting 31.
The software program flow process that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method of described robot calculator 9 operations comprises the following steps:
1) video camera 1 from aerial or ground in the face of the plant of crops, comprise stem, leaf, flower, really, skin carries out optics shooting and sequential image acquisition at interval, the crops view data 11 of acquisition deposits in the multimedia database 13 of robot calculator 9;
2) 5 pairs of crops of nutritional labeling detector and soil carry out the nutritional labeling detection, and the relevant plant of acquisition and the nutritional labeling of soil detect data 12 and deposit in the nutritional labeling database 14 of robot calculator 9;
3) start multi-medium data pre-service 15 programs and nutritional labeling data pre-service 16 programs respectively, the detection data in multimedia database 13 and the nutritional labeling database 14 are carried out data processing, remove data noise, eliminate vacancy data etc.;
4) start image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition 18 programs, extract the status flag that grows on the crops, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process, obtain crop growthing development status information 21 with the property data base 17 that grows;
5) start nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition 19 programs, extract the nutritional labeling data characteristics, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process, obtain soil and plant nutrient ingredient information 22 with nutritional labeling property data base 20;
6) log-on message fusion treatment 24 programs, use the information of historical data base 25 according to growth conditions historical data base 23 and fertilizer, the crop growthing development status information 21 of monitoring and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information 22 are carried out information fusion 24 handle, obtain crop growthing development state, trend and with soil and comprehensive relevant information such as plant nutrient ingredient concentration and distribution;
7) start knowledge reasoning intelligent decision 27 programs,, generate nutrient fertilization prescription 30 according to the knowledge in crop growthing development knowledge base 26 and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base 28; Contain in this nutrient fertilization prescription 30 and be useful on the fertilizer ratio of realizing the ecological balance fertilization purpose, trace element such as compares at information, the agricultural machinery controlled variable 29 of operation that is used for applying fertilizer automatically, and the knowledge and the information that can be used to carry out long-distance user's diagnosis consulting 31.
Image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition 18 programmed algorithms are: to the sequence image of crops, carrying out the feature extraction of shape, size, texture and color handles, extract the status flag information of growing of crops, the growth conditions algorithm for pattern recognition program characteristic information that will grow carries out characteristic matching identification with the property data base 17 that grows and handles, and obtains crop growthing development status information 21;
Nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition 19 programmed algorithms are: to through organic extraction, physical excitation, the data of separating physics and electrochemical process acquisition that heat up are carried out the feature extraction processing, fertility algorithm for pattern recognition program will extract is that the nutritional labeling feature of representative and nutritional labeling property data base 20 carry out characteristic matching identification and handle with the fertility, obtains soil and plant nutrient ingredient information 22;
Information fusion is handled 24 programmed algorithms: the historical experience information of using the database of historical data base 25 different themes according to growth conditions historical data base 23 and fertilizer, the crop growthing development status information 21 of monitoring and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information 22 are carried out data qualification, excavation and correlation analysis handle, obtain crop growthing development state, state of development and with soil and plant in the integrated information of nutrient kind, content and concentration;
Knowledge reasoning intelligent decision 27 programmed algorithms are: to handle through information fusion crop growthing development state that 24 programs obtain, state of development and with the integrated information of soil and plant nutrient, according to the knowledge in crop growthing development knowledge base 26 and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base 28, logical derivation goes out to promote nutrient and the fertilizer that crop growth is required, and intelligent decision generates nutrient fertilization prescription 30.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus of being used for, this device comprises video camera (1), video signal preprocessor (2), video digitizer (3), Video Controller (4), nutritional labeling detector (5), nutritional labeling signal processor (6), digitizer (7), sampling controller (8), robot calculator (9) and the internet access facility (10) that is electrically connected successively, it is characterized in that:
The structure of described device is a dispersed structure that connects with lead or connect with transmission of wireless signals;
Described Video Controller (4) and sampling controller (8) all are subjected to the control of robot calculator (9) software program, the former produces the duty of control signal corresponding control video camera (1), video signal preprocessor (2) and video digitizer (3), and the latter produces control signal corresponding control nutritional labeling detector (5), nutritional labeling signal processor (6) and digitizer (7);
The monitor signal of described video camera (1) converts digital signal to by described video digitizer (3) and enters described robot calculator (9) through lead or through wireless transmission after described video signal preprocessor (2) carries out pre-service; The monitor signal of described nutritional labeling detector (5) is after described nutritional labeling signal processor (6) carries out pre-service, convert digital signal to by described digitizer (7) and enter described robot calculator (9) through lead or through wireless transmission, the detection data that obtain after described robot calculator (9) will be handled insert the internet through described internet access facility (10).
2, crop growth status monitoring according to claim 1 and nutrient fertilization prescription generating apparatus, it is characterized in that: the front end signal that described video camera (1) and nutritional labeling detector (4) are formed the crop growth state monitor jointly obtains part, and the detection data that software program is handled in the described robot calculator (9) are based on raw data.
3, a kind of method that is used for crop growth status monitoring and the generation of nutrient fertilization prescription, it is characterized in that: the software program that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method of robot calculator (9) operation comprises that crop map is as data (11), nutritional labeling detects data (12), multimedia database (13), nutritional labeling database (14), multi-medium data pre-service (15), nutritional labeling data pre-service (16), property data base (17) grows, image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition (18), nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition (19), nutritional character database (20), the status information of growing (21), soil and plant nutrient ingredient information (22), growth conditions historical data base (23), information fusion is handled (24), fertilizer uses historical data base (25), the knowledge base of growing (26), knowledge reasoning intelligent decision (27), ecological balance fertilization knowledge base (28), agricultural machinery controlled variable (29), nutrient fertilization prescription (30), long-distance user's diagnosis consulting (31);
The software program flow process that is used for crop growth status monitoring and nutrient fertilization prescription generation method of described robot calculator (9) operation comprises the following steps:
1) described video camera (1) is faced the plant of crops from aerial or ground, comprise stem, leaf, flower, really, skin carries out optics shooting and sequential image acquisition at interval, obtain in the multimedia database (13) that described crops view data (11) deposits described robot calculator (9) in;
2) described nutritional labeling detector (5) carries out the nutritional labeling detection to crops and soil, and the described nutritional labeling of the relevant plant of acquisition and soil detects data (12) and deposits in the nutritional labeling database (14) of described robot calculator (9);
3) start described multi-medium data pre-service (15) program and nutritional labeling data pre-service (16) program respectively, detection data in described multimedia database (13) and the nutritional labeling database (14) are carried out data processing, remove data noise, eliminate the vacancy data;
4) start described image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition (18) program, extract the status flag that grows on the crops, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process with the described property data base that grows (17), obtain described crop growthing development status information (21);
5) start described nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition (19) program, extract the nutritional labeling data characteristics, carry out the characteristic matching pattern recognition process with described nutritional labeling property data base (20), obtain described soil and plant nutrient ingredient information (22);
6) start described information fusion and handle (24) program, use the information of historical data base (25) according to described growth conditions historical data base (23) and fertilizer, the described status informations of growing of crops (21) and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information (22) to monitoring are carried out the information fusion processing, obtain crop growthing development state, trend and with soil and plant nutrient ingredient concentration and the comprehensive relevant information that distributes;
7) start described knowledge reasoning intelligent decision (27) program, according to the knowledge in described knowledge bases of growing of crops (26) and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base (28), generate described nutrient fertilization prescription (30), contain the fertilizer ratio, trace element ratio and the described agricultural machinery controlled variable of operation (29) that is used for applying fertilizer automatically that are useful on realization ecological balance fertilization purpose in the described nutrient fertilization prescription (30), and the knowledge and the information that are used to carry out described long-distance user's diagnosis consulting (31);
Described image feature extraction growth conditions pattern-recognition (18) programmed algorithm is: to the sequence image of crops, carrying out the feature extraction of shape, size, texture and color handles, extract the status flag information of growing of crops, to grow characteristic information and the described property data base that grows (17) of growth conditions algorithm for pattern recognition program carries out characteristic matching identification and handles, and obtains described crop growthing development status information (21);
Described nutritional labeling feature extraction fertility pattern-recognition (19) programmed algorithm is: to through organic extraction, physical excitation, the data of separating physics and electrochemical process acquisition that heat up are carried out the feature extraction processing, fertility algorithm for pattern recognition program will extract is that the nutritional labeling feature of representative and described nutritional labeling property data base (20) carry out characteristic matching identification and handle with the fertility, obtains described soil and plant nutrient ingredient information (22);
Described information fusion is handled (24) programmed algorithm: the historical experience information of using the database of historical data base (25) different themes according to described growth conditions historical data base (23) and fertilizer, the described status informations of growing of crops (21) and soil and plant nutrient ingredient information (22) to monitoring are carried out data qualification, excavation and correlation analysis processing, obtain crop growthing development state, state of development and with soil and plant in the integrated information of nutrient kind, content and concentration;
Described knowledge reasoning intelligent decision (27) programmed algorithm is: to handle through described information fusion crop growthing development state that (24) program obtains, state of development and with the integrated information of soil and plant nutrient, according to the knowledge in described knowledge bases of growing of crops (26) and the ecological balance fertilization knowledge base (28), logical derivation goes out to promote nutrient and the fertilizer that crop growth is required, and intelligent decision generates described nutrient fertilization prescription (30).
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