CN106856759A - A kind of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106856759A CN106856759A CN201710004844.7A CN201710004844A CN106856759A CN 106856759 A CN106856759 A CN 106856759A CN 201710004844 A CN201710004844 A CN 201710004844A CN 106856759 A CN106856759 A CN 106856759A
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- fertilizer
- fertilizer applicator
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- processor
- applicator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/02—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method, and fertilizer applicator includes that fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device, processor, at least two are used to holding the hopper of fertilizer, at least two are used for the fertilizer mechanism and at least two drive devices of fertilizer；Each hopper is provided with defertilizing opening, and each fertilizer mechanism is correspondingly arranged with the defertilizing opening of each hopper, and fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device and at least two drive devices are all connected with processor, and each drive device connects at least one fertilizer mechanism.Fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects the state of fertilizer applicator, and the state of fertilizer applicator is sent into processor；Processor determines the rotating speed of target of at least two drive devices according to the state of fertilizer applicator；Drive device rotates according to rotating speed of target, to drive fertilizer mechanism to discharge the fertilizer in correspondence hopper.Due to putting every kind of fertilizer into a hopper respectively, each hopper is individually controlled, and solves the problems, such as that mixed fertilizer is applied uneven.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, more particularly to a kind of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method.
Background technology
It is an important cargo handling operation in staple crops production process using chemical fertilizer, directly affects the product of crops
Amount.Many agricultural producers constantly pursue the high yield of grain, and largely chemical fertilizer is used in agricultural production, are significantly carried in grain yield
While high, problem of environmental pollution is but increasingly serious, and the problem that is excessively used of chemical fertilizer is increasingly paid attention to.Tree Precise Fertilization
Be according to Analysis of Policy Making after the prescription fertilising information that provides of electronic map, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields to fertilizer in field carries out positioning tune
Control, targetedly spreads fertilizer over the fields different formulations and different amounts of mixed fertilizer.Tree Precise Fertilization can be to make fertilizers input rationally, reductionization
Fertilizer is wasted, environmental protection, reduces water and soil pollution, improves crop yield and quality.Tree Precise Fertilization has turned into solution crops chemical fertilizer
An important technical being excessively used.
Currently, base manure is generally the mixed fertilizer that the chemical fertilizer such as urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, micro- fertilizer are mixed, and is applied
Using simple substance fertilizer fertilizer applicator more than equipment.Because various simple substance fertilizer density is different, because equipment vibrations cause during Term Fertilization
Mixed fertilizer is layered, and the fertilizer for causing density big is first applied, applied after the small fertilizer of density, and Term Fertilization is uneven caused by, is reduced
The utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, environmental pressure has been aggravated increased while peasant household puts into.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of at least part of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method for solving above-mentioned technical problem.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of fertilizer applicator, including：Fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device, processor, at least
Two be used for hold fertilizer hopper, at least two be used for fertilizer fertilizer mechanism and at least two drive devices；
Each described hopper is provided with defertilizing opening, and each described fertilizer mechanism is corresponding with the defertilizing opening of hopper each described to be set
Put, the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device and at least two drive device are all connected with the processor, described in each
Fertilizer mechanism described in drive device connection at least one；
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device, the state for detecting fertilizer applicator, and by the state of the fertilizer applicator
It is sent to the processor；
The processor, the target for determining at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator turns
Speed；
The drive device, for being rotated according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism by correspondence hopper
Fertilizer discharge.
Preferably, the fertilizer applicator also includes：Positioner and speed measuring device, the positioner and the speed measuring device
It is all connected with the processor；
The positioner, the current location for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent to
The processor；
The speed measuring device, the current gait of march for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the current traveling of the fertilizer applicator is fast
Degree is sent to the processor；
The processor, for when the state of the fertilizer applicator is working condition, according to the present bit of the fertilizer applicator
Put, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default fertilizer applicator working width, the default fertilising of the target fertilizer of current location
Amount, the discharge capacity and the quantity of the target fertilizer mechanism of target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer, calculate for driving
The rotating speed of target of the drive device of the target fertilizer mechanism.
Preferably, the positioner and the speed measuring device use GNSS receiver；
The fertilizer applicator also includes：Display device；
The processor, for by the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator work as
The default dose of the target fertilizer of preceding gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location is sent to the display device；
The display device, state, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator for showing the fertilizer applicator
Current gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location target fertilizer default dose.
Preferably, the drive device includes electro-hydraulic proportional valve and hydraulic motor；
The processor connects the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic pressure
The output of motor connects the fertilizer mechanism.
Preferably, the fertilizer applicator also includes：At least two speed probes；
Each described speed probe connects a rotating shaft for the hydraulic motor, and the speed probe connects the place
Reason device, the speed probe is used to detecting the actual speed of the hydraulic motor, and by the actual speed of the hydraulic motor
It is sent to the processor；
The processor, for the actual speed according to the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor, meter
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve that calculation is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to correspondence
Electro-hydraulic proportional valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve, for adjusting opening degree according to the regulated quantity, to control the hydraulic motor to reach mesh
Mark rotating speed.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of fertilizing method based on the fertilizer applicator, including：
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects the state of fertilizer applicator, and the state of the fertilizer applicator is sent to
The processor；
The processor determines the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator；
The drive device rotates according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism by the fertilizer in correspondence hopper
Discharge.
Preferably, if the state that the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects fertilizer applicator is working condition；
Correspondingly, the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects the state of fertilizer applicator, and by the shape of the fertilizer applicator
State is sent to after the processor, and the processor determines at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Rotating speed of target before, methods described also includes：
Positioner detects the current location of fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent into the treatment
Device；
Speed measuring device detects the current gait of march of fertilizer applicator, and the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator is sent into institute
State processor；
Correspondingly, the processor determines that the target of at least two drive device turns according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Speed, including：
The processor according to the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default apply
Fertile machine operation breadth, the default dose of the target fertilizer of current location, target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer
The quantity of discharge capacity and the target fertilizer mechanism, the target for calculating the drive device for driving the target fertilizer mechanism turns
Speed.
Preferably, methods described also includes：
The processor by the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator current line
The default dose for entering the target fertilizer of speed, fertilizer applicator working width and current location is sent to the display device；
The display device shows that the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator are worked as
The default dose of the target fertilizer of preceding gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location.
Preferably, if the state that the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects fertilizer applicator is off working state；
Correspondingly, the processor determines that the target of at least two drive device turns according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Speed, including：
The processor determines that the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device is zero.
Preferably, if the drive device includes electro-hydraulic proportional valve and hydraulic motor；The processor connection is described electro-hydraulic
Proportioning valve, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, and the output of the hydraulic motor connects the fertilizer mechanism；
Correspondingly, methods described also includes：
Each speed probe detects an actual speed for hydraulic motor, and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor is sent out
Give the processor；
The processor is calculated and institute according to the actual speed of the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve of hydraulic motor connection is stated, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to corresponding electro-hydraulic
Proportioning valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve adjusts opening degree according to the regulated quantity, is turned with controlling the hydraulic motor to reach target
Speed.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention is due to putting every kind of fertilizer into a hopper respectively, each hopper according to
Fertilization prescription chart (recording the consumption of the various fertilizer that each position in field needs thereon) individually control, and different fertilizer is same
Step applies, therefore solves when mixed fertilizer is applied using the fertile hopper of simple substance because equipment vibrations make mixed fertilizer fertile caused by being layered
Material applies uneven problem, is capable of achieving the precise control applied to every kind of fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, is reducing agriculture
Family alleviates environmental pressure while input, and then can promote cost-saving synergistic, energy-saving and emission-reduction, has ten to Agri-ecological security
Divide important meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
The electric control theory figure of the fertilizer applicator that Fig. 1 is provided for one embodiment of the invention；
The electric control theory figure of the fertilizer applicator that Fig. 2 is provided for second embodiment of the invention；
The electric control theory figure of the fertilizer applicator that Fig. 3 is provided for the third embodiment of the invention；
The flow chart of the fertilizing method that Fig. 4 is provided for one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.Hereinafter implement
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
A kind of electric control theory figure of fertilizer applicator that Fig. 1 is provided for one embodiment of the invention.
A kind of fertilizer applicator as shown in Figure 1, including：Fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101, processor 102, at least two
Fertilizer mechanism and at least two drive devices that individual hopper for holding fertilizer, at least two are used for fertilizer；Row shown in Fig. 1
Fertile mechanism is respectively the first fertilizer mechanism 104 to N fertilizer mechanisms 106, and drive device is respectively first driving means 103 to
N drive devices 105；
Each described hopper is provided with defertilizing opening, and each described fertilizer mechanism is corresponding with the defertilizing opening of hopper each described to be set
Put, (first driving means 103 to N are driven for the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101 and at least two drive device
Dynamic device 105) processor 102 is all connected with, (first drives each fertilizer mechanism described in the drive device connection at least one
Dynamic device 103 connects the first fertilizer mechanism 104, the connection N of N drive devices 105 fertilizer mechanisms 106)；
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101, the state for detecting fertilizer applicator, and by the shape of the fertilizer applicator
State is sent to the processor 102；
The processor 102, the target for determining at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Rotating speed；
The drive device, for being rotated according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism by correspondence hopper
Fertilizer discharge.
It is understood that hopper and drive device are usually one-to-one relation.
In a kind of specific embodiment, can be using inertial navigation sensor as fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device.For leading
Draw formula fertilizer applicator, detect whether fertilizer applicator attitude and detection fertilising start button are pressed by inertial navigation sensor；It is outstanding for 3 points
Whether hanging fertilizer applicator, detection fertilizer applicator migration support wheel oil cylinder state and detection fertilising start button are pressed；Wherein, fertilising is opened
Dynamic button and fertilizer applicator migration support wheel oil cylinder are existing part in existing fertilizer applicator, no longer describe in detail.
Fertilizer applicator of the present invention is mainly used in applying the fertilizer containing Multiple components, due to putting every kind of fertilizer into a material respectively
Case, each hopper is according to Fertilization prescription chart (recording the consumption of the various fertilizer of each position needs in field thereon) individually control
System, and different fertilizer synchronously applyings, therefore solve when mixed fertilizer is applied using the hopper of simple substance fertilizer because equipment vibrations make
The uneven problem of Term Fertilization caused by mixed fertilizer layering, is capable of achieving the precise control applied to every kind of fertilizer, improve
The utilization rate of fertilizer, environmental pressure is alleviated reducing while peasant household puts into, and then can promote cost-saving synergistic, energy-saving and emission-reduction,
Agri-ecological security tool is of great significance.
As shown in Fig. 2 used as a kind of preferred embodiment, the fertilizer applicator also includes：Positioner 107 and speed measuring device
108, the positioner 107 and the speed measuring device 108 are all connected with the processor 102；
The positioner 107, the current location for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent
To the processor 102；
The speed measuring device 108, the current gait of march for detecting fertilizer applicator, and by the current traveling of the fertilizer applicator
Speed is sent to the processor 102；
The processor 102, for when the state of the fertilizer applicator is working condition, according to the current of the fertilizer applicator
Position, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default fertilizer applicator working width, the pre- facility of the target fertilizer of current location
Fertilizer amount, the discharge capacity and the quantity of the target fertilizer mechanism of target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer, calculate for driving
Move the rotating speed of target of the drive device of the target fertilizer mechanism.
What deserves to be explained is, typically fertilizer applicator be in field in need fertilising position, if any plant position when, apply
Fertile machine is applied fertilizer, and now confirms that fertilizer applicator is in running order by above-mentioned monitoring method, needed for the diverse location in field
Various fertilizer amounts it is different, therefore, need to consider the target fertilizer of current location when the rotating speed of target of drive device is calculated
Default dose and above-mentioned other factors.
Such as apply N fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the N fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of N fertilizer；
Such as apply P fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the P fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of P fertilizer；
Such as apply K fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the K fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of K fertilizer；
Such as apply M fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the M fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of M fertilizer.
It is understood that the positioner 107 can use GPS locator, or, the positioner 107 and institute
Stating speed measuring device 108 uses GNSS receiver, two such function to be realized using a part, can simplify structure, reduces dress
Volume is put, working service cost etc. is reduced.
The fertilizer applicator also includes：Display device (not shown)；
The processor 102, for by the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator
The default dose of target fertilizer of current gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width (precognition) and current location be sent to institute
State display device；
The display device, state, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator for showing the fertilizer applicator
Current gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location target fertilizer default dose.
The embodiment of the present invention allows fertilising operators can be visually seen relevant information due to that can show above- mentioned information.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, the drive device includes electro-hydraulic proportional valve and hydraulic motor；
The processor connects the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic pressure
The output of motor connects the fertilizer mechanism.
It is preferably to do inventive drive means it is understood that the dust-proof shock resistance of hydraulic motor is good, and it passes through
Electro-hydraulic proportional valve is controlled, and is capable of achieving precise control rotation, is easy to reach accurate rotating speed of target.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, the fertilizer applicator also includes：At least two speed probes；
Each described speed probe connects a rotating shaft for the hydraulic motor, and the speed probe connects the place
Reason device, the speed probe is used to detecting the actual speed of the hydraulic motor, and by the actual speed of the hydraulic motor
It is sent to the processor；
The processor, for the actual speed according to the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor, meter
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve that calculation is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to correspondence
Electro-hydraulic proportional valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve, for adjusting opening degree according to the regulated quantity, to control the hydraulic motor to reach mesh
Mark rotating speed.
It is understood that usually, speed probe and hydraulic motor are one-to-one relations.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the actual speed of hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target (hydraulic motor herein of hydraulic motor
Rotating speed of target be the rotating speed of target of above-mentioned drive device) compare, you can know that needs tune up or turn down electro-hydraulic proportional valve
Opening degree, so as to make hydraulic motor reach corresponding rotating speed of target, such as target hydraulic by adjusting the opening degree of electro-hydraulic proportional valve
The actual speed of motor is more than rotating speed of target, then need to turn the opening degree of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve being connected with the target hydraulic motor down,
Conversely, tuning up the opening degree of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, the embodiment of the present invention can realize the precise control to hydraulic motor, reach it
To rotating speed of target.
For example：If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of N fertilizer is 20 revs/min, but rotating speed of target is 30 revs/min,
Then need to tune up the opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor；If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of N fertilizer is
30 revs/min, but rotating speed of target is 20 revs/min, then need to turn the opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor down；
If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of P fertilizer is 200 revolutions per seconds, but rotating speed of target is 300 revolutions per seconds, then need to adjust
The opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor greatly；If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of P fertilizer is 300 revolutions per seconds,
But rotating speed of target is 200 revolutions per seconds, then need to turn the opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor down；
If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of K fertilizer is 200 revolutions per seconds, but rotating speed of target is 300 revolutions per seconds, then need to adjust
The opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor greatly；If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of K fertilizer is 300 revolutions per seconds,
But rotating speed of target is 200 revolutions per seconds, then need to turn the opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor down；
If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of M fertilizer is 200 revolutions per seconds, but rotating speed of target is 300 revolutions per seconds, then need to adjust
The opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor greatly；If the actual speed for applying the hydraulic motor of M fertilizer is 300 revolutions per seconds,
But rotating speed of target is 200 revolutions per seconds, then need to turn the opening degree of the electric-hydraulic proportion being connected with the hydraulic motor down.
It is understood that above-mentioned processor can be realized using a car-mounted computer and a controller, it is such as vehicle-mounted
Computer connection locator 107, speed measuring device 108 and fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101, car-mounted computer connection control
Device processed, controller connection every speed sensor and each electro-hydraulic proportional valve；The current location of car-mounted computer reception fertilizer applicator,
The state of current gait of march and fertilizer applicator, and the rotating speed of target of the drive device calculated according to above- mentioned information is sent to institute
Controller is stated, controller obtains the actual speed of hydraulic motor, the rotating speed of target and actual speed according to hydraulic motor calculate electricity
The regulated quantity of liquid proportional valve, and the regulated quantity of electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to corresponding electro-hydraulic proportional valve, to realize to electro-hydraulic ratio
The control of example valve.
The present invention is illustrated, such as one piece field needs to apply the fertilizer containing N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus), K (potassium) and M (micro- fertilizer)
Material, this fertilizer applicator has four hoppers, loads onto state four kinds of fertilizer respectively, each hopper to being provided with fertilizer mechanism, as shown in figure 3,
The fertilizer mechanism of the present embodiment includes fertilizer mechanism N 2053, fertilizer mechanism P 2063, fertilizer mechanism K 2073 and fertilizer mechanism M
2083, also including car-mounted computer 202, controller 204, GNSS receiver 201 and fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101；
GNSS receiver 201 and fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device 101 connect the car-mounted computer 202, the car-mounted computer
The 202 connection controllers 204, the controller 204 connect respectively electro-hydraulic proportional valve N 2051, electro-hydraulic proportional valve P 2061,
Electro-hydraulic proportional valve K 2071, electro-hydraulic proportional valve M 2081, speed probe N 2054, speed probe P 2064, revolution speed sensing
Device K 2074 and speed probe M 2084, electro-hydraulic proportional valve N 2051 are sequentially connected hydraulic motor N 2052 and fertilizer mechanism N
2053, electro-hydraulic proportional valve P 2061 are sequentially connected hydraulic motor P 2062 and fertilizer mechanism P 2063, electro-hydraulic proportional valve K 2071
Hydraulic motor K 2072 and fertilizer mechanism K 2073 is sequentially connected, electro-hydraulic proportional valve M 2081 is sequentially connected hydraulic motor M 2082
With fertilizer mechanism M 2083.
Car-mounted computer 202 obtains the state of fertilizer applicator, and the state according to the fertilizer applicator determines aforementioned four hydraulic pressure horse
The rotating speed of target for reaching；Specially：When the state of fertilizer applicator is working condition, the fertilizer applicator that GNSS receiver 201 sends is obtained
Current location and current gait of march, and current location according to the fertilizer applicator, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator,
Default fertilizer applicator working width, the default dose of the N fertilizer of current location, the discharge capacity of fertilizer mechanism N 2053 and fertilizer machine
The quantity of structure N 2053, calculates the rotating speed of target of hydraulic motor N 2052；Current location, the fertilising according to the fertilizer applicator
The current gait of march of machine, default fertilizer applicator working width, the default dose of the P fertilizer of current location, fertilizer mechanism P
2063 discharge capacity and the quantity of fertilizer mechanism P 2063, calculate the rotating speed of target of hydraulic motor P 2062；According to the fertilizer applicator
Current location, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default fertilizer applicator working width, the K fertilizer of current location it is pre-
The quantity of facility fertilizer amount, the discharge capacity of fertilizer mechanism K 2073 and fertilizer mechanism K 2073, calculates the target of hydraulic motor K 2072
Rotating speed；The current gait of march of current location, the fertilizer applicator according to the fertilizer applicator, default fertilizer applicator working width,
The quantity of the default dose, the discharge capacity of fertilizer mechanism M 2083 and fertilizer mechanism M 2083 of the M fertilizer of current location, calculates liquid
The rotating speed of target of pressure motor M 2082.And respectively by the rotating speed of target of hydraulic motor N 2052, the target of hydraulic motor P 2062
The rotating speed of target of rotating speed, the rotating speed of target of hydraulic motor K 2072 and hydraulic motor M 2082 is sent respectively to the controller
204, speed probe N 2054, speed probe P 2064, speed probe K 2074, speed probe M 2084 are examined respectively
Survey hydraulic motor N 2052, hydraulic motor P 2062, the actual speed of hydraulic motor K 2072 and hydraulic motor M 2082 sends
To the controller 204, the controller 204 is according to the rotating speed of target of hydraulic motor N 2052 and the reality of hydraulic motor N 2052
The regulated quantity that border rotating speed calculates electro-hydraulic proportional valve N 2051 is sent to electro-hydraulic proportional valve N 2051, according to hydraulic motor P's 2062
The regulated quantity that the actual speed of rotating speed of target and hydraulic motor P 2062 calculates electro-hydraulic proportional valve P 2061 is sent to electric-hydraulic proportion
Valve P 2061, the actual speed of rotating speed of target and hydraulic motor K 2072 according to hydraulic motor K 2072 calculates electro-hydraulic proportional valve
The regulated quantity of K 2071 is sent to electro-hydraulic proportional valve K 2071, rotating speed of target and hydraulic motor M according to hydraulic motor M 2082
The regulated quantity that 2082 actual speed calculates electro-hydraulic proportional valve M 2081 is sent to electro-hydraulic proportional valve M 2081, electro-hydraulic proportional valve N
2051st, electro-hydraulic proportional valve P 2061, electro-hydraulic proportional valve K 2071, electro-hydraulic proportional valve M 2081 are adjusted according to corresponding regulated quantity respectively
The opening degree of itself is saved, to control hydraulic motor N 2052, hydraulic motor P 2062, hydraulic motor K 2072 and hydraulic pressure horse respectively
Respective rotating speed of target is reached up to M 2082；When the state of fertilizer applicator is off working state, the control hydraulic pressure of car-mounted computer 202
The rotating speed of target of motor N 2052, hydraulic motor P 2062, hydraulic motor K 2072 and hydraulic motor M 2082 is zero.
It can be seen that, every kind of fertilizer of fertilizer applicator of the present invention puts a hopper into respectively, and every kind of fertilizer is individually controlled, and different
Fertilizer synchronously apply, therefore solve by mixed fertilizer using simple substance fertilizer hopper apply when because equipment vibrations be layered mixed fertilizer
The uneven problem of caused Term Fertilization, is capable of achieving the precise control applied to every kind of fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer,
Environmental pressure is alleviated reducing while peasant household puts into, and then cost-saving synergistic, energy-saving and emission-reduction can be promoted, Agro-ecology is pacified
Full tool is of great significance.
The flow chart of the fertilizing method that Fig. 4 is provided for one embodiment of the invention.
This method can be realized using above-mentioned fertilizer applicator.
A kind of fertilizing method based on the fertilizer applicator as shown in Figure 4, including：
S401, the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detect the state of fertilizer applicator, and by the state of the fertilizer applicator
It is sent to the processor；
S402, the processor determine that the target of at least two drive device turns according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Speed；
S403, the drive device rotate according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism by correspondence hopper
Fertilizer discharge.
Fertilizing method of the present invention is mainly used in applying the fertilizer containing Multiple components, due to putting every kind of fertilizer into one respectively
Hopper, each hopper is according to Fertilization prescription chart (recording the consumption of the various fertilizer of each position needs in field thereon) individually control
System, and different fertilizer synchronously applyings, therefore solve when mixed fertilizer is applied using the hopper of simple substance fertilizer because equipment vibrations make
The uneven problem of Term Fertilization caused by mixed fertilizer layering, is capable of achieving the precise control applied to every kind of fertilizer, improve
The utilization rate of fertilizer, environmental pressure is alleviated reducing while peasant household puts into, and then can promote cost-saving synergistic, energy-saving and emission-reduction,
Agri-ecological security tool is of great significance.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, if the state that the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects fertilizer applicator is work
Make state；
Correspondingly, after the step S401, before the step S402, methods described also includes：
Positioner detects the current location of fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent into the treatment
Device；
Speed measuring device detects the current gait of march of fertilizer applicator, and the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator is sent into institute
State processor；
Correspondingly, the step S402, including：
The processor according to the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default apply
Fertile machine operation breadth, the default dose of the target fertilizer of current location, target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer
The quantity of discharge capacity and the target fertilizer mechanism, the target for calculating the drive device for driving the target fertilizer mechanism turns
Speed.
What deserves to be explained is, typically when the position of fertilising is needed during above-mentioned fertilizer applicator is in field, fertilizer applicator is applied
Fertilizer, now confirms that fertilizer applicator is in running order by above-mentioned monitoring method, and the various fertilizer needed for the diverse location in field are used
Amount is different, therefore, the default dose of the target fertilizer of consideration current location is needed when the rotating speed of target of drive device is calculated
And above-mentioned other factors.
Such as apply N fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the N fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of N fertilizer；
Such as apply P fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the P fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of P fertilizer；
Such as apply K fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the K fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of K fertilizer；
Such as apply M fertilizer in location A, then to consider the default dose of the M fertilizer of location A, and above-mentioned other factors, calculate
Apply the rotating speed of target of the drive device of M fertilizer.
Used as a kind of preferred embodiment, methods described also includes：
The processor by the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator current line
The default dose for entering the target fertilizer of speed, fertilizer applicator working width and current location is sent to the display device；
The display device shows that the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator are worked as
The default dose of the target fertilizer of preceding gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location.
The embodiment of the present invention allows fertilising operators can be visually seen relevant information due to that can show above- mentioned information.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, if the state that the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects fertilizer applicator is non-
Working condition；
Correspondingly, the processor determines that the target of at least two drive device turns according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Speed, including：
The processor determines that the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device is zero.
It is understood that general be in the position that need not be applied fertilizer in field, such as position without plant in above-mentioned fertilizer applicator
When putting, fertilizer applicator does not apply fertilizer, and now thinks that fertilizer applicator is in off working state by above-mentioned monitoring method, therefore, by institute
The rotating speed of target for stating at least two drive devices is disposed as zero, prevents from applying fertilizer by mistake.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, if the drive device includes electro-hydraulic proportional valve and hydraulic motor；The processor
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve is connected, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, and the output connection of the hydraulic motor is described
Fertilizer mechanism；
Correspondingly, methods described also includes：
Each speed probe detects an actual speed for hydraulic motor, and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor is sent out
Give the processor；
The processor is calculated and institute according to the actual speed of the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve of hydraulic motor connection is stated, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to corresponding electro-hydraulic
Proportioning valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve adjusts opening degree according to the regulated quantity, is turned with controlling the hydraulic motor to reach target
Speed.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the actual speed of hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target (hydraulic motor herein of hydraulic motor
Rotating speed of target be the rotating speed of target of above-mentioned drive device) compare, you can know that needs tune up or turn down electro-hydraulic proportional valve
Opening degree, so as to make hydraulic motor reach corresponding rotating speed of target, such as target hydraulic by adjusting the opening degree of electro-hydraulic proportional valve
The actual speed of motor is more than rotating speed of target, then need to turn the opening degree of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve being connected with the target hydraulic motor down,
Conversely, tuning up the opening degree of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve.The embodiment of the present invention can realize the precise control to hydraulic motor, reach it
To rotating speed of target.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, and
It is non-that it is limited；Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art
It should be understood that：It can still modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or to which part or
All technical characteristic carries out equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from this hair
Bright claim limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fertilizer applicator, it is characterised in that including：Fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device, processor, at least two are used to contain
Put fertilizer hopper, at least two be used for fertilizer fertilizer mechanism and at least two drive devices；
Each described hopper is provided with defertilizing opening, and each described fertilizer mechanism is correspondingly arranged with the defertilizing opening of hopper each described,
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device and at least two drive device are all connected with the processor, each described driving
Fertilizer mechanism described in device connection at least one；
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device, the state for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the state of the fertilizer applicator is sent
To the processor；
The processor, the rotating speed of target for determining at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator；
The drive device, for being rotated according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism by the fertilizer in correspondence hopper
Material discharge.
2. fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer applicator also includes：Positioner and the dress that tests the speed
Put, the positioner and the speed measuring device are all connected with the processor；
The positioner, the current location for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent to described
Processor；
The speed measuring device, the current gait of march for detecting fertilizer applicator, and the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator is sent out
Give the processor；
The processor, during for the state in the fertilizer applicator for working condition, current location, institute according to the fertilizer applicator
State current gait of march, default fertilizer applicator working width, the default dose of the target fertilizer of current location, the use of fertilizer applicator
In the discharge capacity and the quantity of the target fertilizer mechanism of the target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer, calculate for driving the mesh
Mark the rotating speed of target of the drive device of fertilizer mechanism.
3. fertilizer applicator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the positioner and the speed measuring device use GNSS
Receiver；
The fertilizer applicator also includes：Display device；
The processor, for by the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator current line
The default dose for entering the target fertilizer of speed, fertilizer applicator working width and current location is sent to the display device；
The display device, for showing that the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator are worked as
The default dose of the target fertilizer of preceding gait of march, fertilizer applicator working width and current location.
4. the fertilizer applicator according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the drive device includes electric-hydraulic proportion
Valve and hydraulic motor；
The processor connects the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor
Output connect the fertilizer mechanism.
5. fertilizer applicator according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the fertilizer applicator also includes：At least two revolution speed sensings
Device；
Each described speed probe connects a rotating shaft for the hydraulic motor, and the speed probe connects the treatment
Device, the speed probe is used to detect the actual speed of the hydraulic motor, and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor is sent out
Give the processor；
The processor, for the actual speed according to the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor, calculate with
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve of the hydraulic motor connection, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to corresponding electricity
Liquid proportional valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve, for adjusting opening degree according to the regulated quantity, is turned with controlling the hydraulic motor to reach target
Speed.
6. a kind of fertilizing method based on fertilizer applicator any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that including：
The fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects the state of fertilizer applicator, and the state of the fertilizer applicator is sent to described
Processor；
The processor determines the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator；
The drive device rotates according to the rotating speed of target, to drive the fertilizer mechanism to arrange the fertilizer in correspondence hopper
Go out.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that if the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device is detected applying
The state of fertile machine is working condition；
Correspondingly, the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device detects the state of fertilizer applicator, and the state of the fertilizer applicator is sent out
Give after the processor, the processor determines the mesh of at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator
Before mark rotating speed, methods described also includes：
Positioner detects the current location of fertilizer applicator, and the current location of the fertilizer applicator is sent into the processor；
Speed measuring device detects the current gait of march of fertilizer applicator, and the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator is sent into the place
Reason device；
Correspondingly, the processor determines the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator,
Including：
Current location, the current gait of march of the fertilizer applicator, default fertilizer applicator of the processor according to the fertilizer applicator
Working width, the default dose of the target fertilizer of current location, the discharge capacity of target fertilizer mechanism for applying target fertilizer
With the quantity of the target fertilizer mechanism, the rotating speed of target of the drive device for driving the target fertilizer mechanism is calculated.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
The processor is fast by the current traveling of the state of the fertilizer applicator, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator
The default dose of the target fertilizer of degree, fertilizer applicator working width and current location is sent to the display device；
The display device shows state, the current location of the fertilizer applicator, the current line of the fertilizer applicator of the fertilizer applicator
Enter the default dose of the target fertilizer of speed, fertilizer applicator working width and current location.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that if the fertilizer applicator job state monitoring device is detected applying
The state of fertile machine is off working state；
Correspondingly, the processor determines the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device according to the state of the fertilizer applicator,
Including：
The processor determines that the rotating speed of target of at least two drive device is zero.
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that if the drive device includes electro-hydraulic proportional valve and hydraulic pressure
Motor；The processor connects the electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and the electro-hydraulic proportional valve connects the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor
Output connect the fertilizer mechanism；
Correspondingly, methods described also includes：
Each speed probe detects an actual speed for hydraulic motor, and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor is sent to
The processor；
The processor is calculated and the liquid according to the actual speed of the hydraulic motor and the rotating speed of target of the hydraulic motor
The regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve of pressure motor connection, and the regulated quantity of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is sent to corresponding electric-hydraulic proportion
Valve；
The electro-hydraulic proportional valve adjusts opening degree according to the regulated quantity, to control the hydraulic motor to reach rotating speed of target.
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| CN201710004844.7A CN106856759A (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2017-01-04 | A kind of fertilizer applicator and fertilizing method |
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| CN107926218A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-20 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of automatically controlled essence amount corn cave-applied fertilizer machine |
| CN108307754A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-24 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine |
| CN109085842A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2018-12-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of control system and its control method of orchard fertilizer apparatus |
| CN109168509A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-11 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of orchard fertilizer apparatus and its working method |
| CN116097958A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2023-05-12 | 株式会社久保田 | Powder supply device |
| CN116671323A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Intelligent fertilizing device and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170620 |