CN1322593C - Solar cell modular and solar cell modular array - Google Patents

Solar cell modular and solar cell modular array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1322593C
CN1322593C CNB2004100329477A CN200410032947A CN1322593C CN 1322593 C CN1322593 C CN 1322593C CN B2004100329477 A CNB2004100329477 A CN B2004100329477A CN 200410032947 A CN200410032947 A CN 200410032947A CN 1322593 C CN1322593 C CN 1322593C
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solar cell
solar
solar module
correct
mentioned
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CN1540771A (en
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片冈一郎
牧田英久
松下正明
向井隆昭
糸山诚纪
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Canon Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A solar cell module and a solar cell mudule array. The solar cell module is provided which comprises a solar cell element, and a front surface member provided so as to cover a light incidence surface of the solar cell element to provide an outermost surface of the solar cell module, wherein the front surface member comprises a fluoride polymer film having a light incidence surface subjected to a discharge treatment and which is, therefore, hard to stain even when placed outdoors for a long period of time, whereby it is possible to suppress a lowering in output caused by a decrease in quantity of incident light due to staining.

Description

Solar module and solar cell module array
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar module, relate in particular to the solar module and its solar cell module array of use that cover light entrance face with the fluoride polymer film.
Background technology
Solar cell has various forms.As representative, crystal silicon solar energy battery, polysilicon solar cell, film crystal solar cell, microcrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell, Cu-In selenide solar cell, compound semiconductor solar cell etc. are arranged.Wherein, the series thin film solar cell of film crystal silicon solar cell, microcrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell, Cu-In selenide solar cell etc. is owing to have and can realize large tracts of landization with lower cost, and use the few advantage of raw material, so carrying out active exploitation recently from every side.
These series thin film solar cells form on the substrate of glass, pottery, stainless steel, resin molding etc., but when using stainless steel or resin molding as substrate, can become lightweight, resistance to impact and flexible good solar module.But,, with the occasion difference of glass substrate side, must cover the light entrance face side surface, the protection solar cell with transparent cladding material as light entrance face with deposition of semiconductor photoactive layer on glass substrate.For this reason, proposed up to now by using, and generated feature, the lightweight of the solar cell of series thin film and solar module with surface elements flexibility as the transparent fluoride polymer film of the fluororesin film of surface elements etc. and the various thermoplastic transparent organic resins as encapsulant of side within it.As the reason of using these materials, can enumerate 1) fluoride polymer has good weatherability and hydrophobicity, and can reduce the output that the light transmission rate that causes because of xanthochromia, gonorrhoea or surface contaminants that the resin deterioration causes reduces the solar module that causes and reduce; 2) thermoplastic transparent resin cheapness can be used as and is used for protecting the encapsulant of inner photoelectric cell to use in a large number.In addition, the various collecting electrodes that are used for taking out effectively the electric power that sends generally will be set on solar cell device, and be used for making the metal parts of series connectionization between the element or parallel connectionization, by seal the installing component of such electrode and metal parts etc. with the thermoplastic transparent organic resin, have concavo-convex on the landfill element surface, make the effect of cladding material surface smoothingization.
But the surface of the existing solar module that discovery usefulness fluoride polymer film covers is opposite, easier to be contaminated with anticipation.As its reason, consideration is 1) because hydrophobicity is strong, rainwater is difficult to soak into the surface, the dirt that once was stained with is difficult to be fallen by rain-out, 2) rainwater is from the teeth outwards residual with drops, if with such state drying, the dirt of the sand dust that comprises in rainwater etc. is concentrated, residual mottled dirt down on the module surface.
At such problem, open in the 2000-31509 communique disclosed as Japanese patent laid-open 9-83005 communique, spy, carried out following trial so far, promptly, use the film of the photocatalyst layer that is provided with titanium oxide etc. on the surface as the surface elements of solar module, utilize the photocatalyst layer effect to decompose dirt, and by making the super hydrophiling in surface, wash dirt simply with rainwater, thus the reduction of the output that the inhibition dirt causes.But at this moment, because photocatalyst layer can decompose the film as base material, photocatalyst layer can peel off from film, and the reasons such as cost height of photocatalyst layer are set, and makes to be difficult to adopt.
In addition, as the spy hold the 2001-177130 communique, the spy holds 2002-270866 number and can report disclosed, proposed on the solar module surface, to be provided with the film that comprises organosilicate, coating comprises the anti-fouling agent as the silicone oil of principal component, improve the scheme of stain resistance, but when it is applicable to the fluoride polymer film and since with the adhesion of the film of antifouling film or anti-fouling agent a little less than, can not get enough durability, antifouling processing needs the reason of certain cost etc. and is difficult to realize.
And, open flat 11-298030 communique, spy the spy and open the surface roughness that has proposed in the 2001-358346 communique by the regulation light entrance face, the used for solar batteries cover glass that makes dirt be difficult to slide is even but be provided with concavo-convex veining on surface and can not obtain effect on the fluoride polymer film.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of these problems just.For this reason, even it is contaminated to wish to provide long-term without setting also to be difficult to low cost, the result can suppress to result from the solar module that output that incident light that dirt causes reduces descends.
Promptly, a kind of solar module of the present invention, it is characterized in that comprising at least: solar cell device and on the most surperficial the surface elements of the light entrance face side of the above-mentioned solar cell device of covering of configuration, and the fluoride polymer film that above-mentioned surface elements is crossed by discharge process by its light entrance face constitutes.
According to the present invention, even it is contaminated to provide without long-term setting also to be difficult to low cost, the result can suppress to result from the solar module that output that incident light that dirt causes reduces descends.
In the present invention, be the discharge process of in the mist that comprises inactive gas and carbon dioxide at least, carrying out by making above-mentioned discharge process, anti-fouling effect is kept for a long time.
And, by on the light entrance face of above-mentioned fluoride polymer film, being formed with Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, can further suppress dirt.
And, be 0.5～3 μ m by the arithmetic average height Ra that makes above-mentioned Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, maximum height Rz is 5-20 μ m, can realize soil resistance and anti-glare simultaneously.
And the light entrance face by making above-mentioned fluoride polymer film and the surface contact angle of water are 75～95 °, can not reduce the mechanical strength ground of film and realize soil resistance.
And, be ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer by making above-mentioned fluoride polymer film, can obtain big anti-fouling effect by discharge process.
And, by obtaining solar cell module array a plurality of above-mentioned solar modules to be set smaller or equal to 20 ° inclination angle, can improve significantly that the existing output that causes because of dirt significantly descends, descend with the output that the dirt in the solar cell module array that the angle is provided with causes that is provided with below 20 ℃.
Can be more apparent from following description taken together with the accompanying drawings other characteristic of the present invention and advantage.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A is the general view according to an execution mode of solar module of the present invention, and Figure 1B is the summary section along the line 1B-1B among Figure 1A;
Fig. 2 A is the general view of the solar module of embodiment 1, and Fig. 2 B is the summary section along the line 2B-2B among Fig. 2 A;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of diode installation portion of the solar module of Fig. 2 A, 2B.
Embodiment
Figure 1A, 1B have showed the summary construction diagram of solar module of the present invention.Among Figure 1A, the 1B, the 1st, solar cell device, the 2nd, at the surface elements that constitutes by the fluoride polymer film of the sensitive surface side of solar cell device 1 configuration, the 3rd, in the back part of the non-sensitive surface side configuration of solar cell device 1, the 4th, at the encapsulant of the inboard of surface elements 2, back part 3 configuration, the 5th, busbar (bus bar) electrode, the 6th, collector electrode.Light from the outside arrives solar cell device 1 from 2 incidents of the most surperficial surface elements, by lead-out terminal (not shown) electromotive force that produces is got the outside.
Among the present invention as the fluoride polymer film of surface elements 2, so long as by being membranaceous as the forming polymer of its inscape with fluorine atom, just there is no particular limitation, but as the fluoride polymer film, for example can enumerate: Kynoar (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene based copolymer (ETFE), polytrifluorochloroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl copolymer (ECTFE), perfluor (alkyl vinyl ether)-tetrafluoroethene based copolymer (PFA), hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethene based copolymer (PEP), hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)-vinylidene based copolymer, or the material of their two or more mixing.Wherein, from weatherability with mechanical strength is taken into account and the good viewpoint of the transparency, ETFE is outstanding as the surface elements of solar module the time, so preferred the use.And forming reactant easily by discharge process on the film surface also is one of reason of selecting ETFE.
Also comprise the copolymer that copolymerization has other comonomer in the copolymer of ETFE of Shi Yonging etc. in the present invention.As other comonomer, can enumerate fluoroolefins, other alkene, vinyl monomer etc.
Among the present invention, the light entrance face of surface elements 2 is carried out discharge process.As the method for discharge process, can use the processing of Corona discharge Treatment plasma discharge, glow discharge processing etc.Each all be by in gas atmosphere to the exposure of the treated side of film, between electrode, apply high frequency voltage and the corona discharge, plasma discharge or the glow discharge that produce handles.
As the atmosphere gas that in discharge process, uses, preferably, inactive gas, ethylene gas and the propylene gas etc. that have a reactive compounds gas, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon etc. of C=O key from oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, acetone gas etc. have select the polymerizable unsaturated compound gas etc. of two keys two or more.Especially,, can improve the durability of the reactant that on the film surface, generates, also can keep the effect handled for a long time even expose without, so be preferred by becoming the mist that comprises inactive gas and carbon dioxide at least.
In addition, preferably, the contact angle that makes the surface of surface elements 2 and water is 75～95 ° a discharge process.If contact angle greater than 95 °, may not fully show the effect of processing.If contact angle is less than 75 °, possible processing layer is too thick, the problem of degradation under the mechanical strength of generation film.
Preferably, on the light entrance face of surface elements 2, Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is set.It is also passable that Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct was set before discharge process.For Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is set, for example can use: 1) when slit is extruded the fluoride polymer film that dissolves and is shaped to film, after extruding, be expressed to the chill roll that has formed irregular concaveconvex shape from the teeth outwards, the method for transfer printing Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct on the film surface; 2) sand-blast etc.
The arithmetic average height Ra that is shaped as by making Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is 0.5～30 μ m, and maximum height Rz is 5～20 μ m, can be preferred with high-dimensional anti-glare and the soil resistance of realizing simultaneously.If Ra is less than 0.5 μ m or greater than 3.0 μ m then anti-glare is insufficient, and big in the reflection loss on the incidence angle hour surface of sunlights such as morning and evening, and the luminous quantity of solar module may descend.On the other hand, if Rz less than 5 μ m, may not improve soil resistance fully, and if greater than 20 μ m, the dirt of sand dust etc. may slide into concavo-convex the lowest point easily.
By on surface elements 2, Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct being set, need not to use the embossment that in existing solar module stacked, uses to form parts.Owing to also exist in the occasion that sticks to the encapsulant that flows out in the stacked operation on the surface that embossment forms parts, must safeguard termly, but, can cut down such operation by resembling the prior Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct that is provided with the present invention.
And preferably, Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is that the texture on the surface and the back side does not have correlation.It is in order further to improve anti-glare that the texture at the surface and the back side does not have correlation.In addition, also can only be arranged on Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct from the teeth outwards, the back side is minute surface.
Below, each parts that constitutes solar module are described.
As solar cell device 1, can select to use the existing known elements of various crystal silicon solar energy batteries, polysilicon solar cell, film crystal solar cell, microcrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell, Cu-In selenide solar cell, compound semiconductor solar cell etc. according to purpose.These solar cell devices connect a plurality of serial or parallel connections according to desirable voltage or electric current.In addition, therewith differently, also can be on the substrate of insulating the integrated solar cell element, obtain desirable voltage or electric current.And, in order to prevent to apply reverse blas, also carry out on element, connecting by-pass diode as required to element.
Encapsulant 4 makes element avoid the infringement of the too harsh external environment condition of variations in temperature, humidity, impact etc. in order to cover solar cell device 1, and guarantees that surface elements 2 or back part 3 use with engaging of element.As such material, can enumerate ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resin, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (EMA) resin, ethene-ethyl propylene acid copolymer (EEA) resin, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMAA) resin, ionomer resin, polybutadiene etc., but wherein the EVA resin have weatherability, zygosity, fillibility, thermal endurance, cold resistance, resistance to impact etc. as the equilibrium of solar cell purposes physical property, so be fit to adopt.But, because heat distortion temperature is low under such state, make under the high temperature service condition easy deformation and present rugosity, so wish to carry out crosslinked and improve thermal endurance.
Back part 3 prevents the moisture intrusion in order to protect solar cell device 1, guarantees to use with outside electric insulation.As material, can guarantee that the material that good, the heat-resisting swelling heat of enough electrical insulating properties and long durability shrinks is preferred.As the material that is fit to adopt, can enumerate pvf film, nylon membrane, polyethylene terephthalate film, glass plate etc.
Also the outside of parts 3 attaches and is used for the stiffening plate of mechanical reinforcement overleaf.For example, can be metallic plate, fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) plate, ceramic wafer etc., also can be with this stiffening plate of building materials double as in the one-piece type solar module of building materials.
Below, the method for using above-mentioned surface elements 2, solar cell device 1, encapsulant 4, back part 3 to make solar module is described.
At first, configuration is shaped to laminar encapsulant 4 on the two sides of solar cell device 1, again on its outside respectively configuration surface parts 2 and back part 3 as light entrance face side and rear side and the laminated body that becomes.By under reduced pressure atmosphere, being heated crimping, can obtain solar module with the vacuum lamination machine.In addition, promptly use the roller laminated process also can make.
When solar module of the present invention being set on the pallet without forming solar cell module array, it is provided with the inclination angle and is preferably smaller or equal to 20 °.Reason is, the inclination angle is set smaller or equal to 20 ° the time, and the solar module light entrance face pollutes easily, can obtain significant anti-fouling effect by implementing the present invention.Therefore, by using solar module of the present invention, can expect big effect being provided with in the solar cell module array that pallet etc. is provided with the low dip angle of pallet and low latitudes region that be provided with that for example has capable shape distribution curve.
Below, explain the present invention based on embodiment.
＜embodiment 1 〉
Below, be used in and form backside reflection layer, optical semiconductor active layer, transparent electrode layer on the conductive board successively with Fig. 2 A, 2B explanation, and the non-crystal silicon solar cell (solar cell device) that has the collecting electrodes of comb shape and connected busbar electrode on transparent electrode layer is made the method according to the solar module of embodiments of the invention 1.
A plurality of solar cell devices 1 are connected in series busbar electrode 5 that on the solar cell device of holding of connecting of the solar cell device concatermer that is connected in series, is provided with and the output taking-up electrode 12 that installation is made of Copper Foil on the conductive board of the solar cell device that another series connection is held.And apply reverse blas to element in order to prevent, on solar cell device 1, by-pass diodes 7 are installed with Copper Foil 8.By-pass diode 7 is connected in parallel with the body that is connected in series of each element or a plurality of elements, but is that 1 diode 7 is installed on two solar cell devices 1 are connected in series the connector that obtains in the present embodiment.Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of diode mounting portion, but on each the busbar electrode 5 of adjacent solar cell device 1 and conductive board, connect the Copper Foil 8 that is connected with by-pass diode 7 with soldering 11 to the solar cell device 1 of the utmost point as busbar electrode 5.In addition, consider the sealing of encapsulant 4 described later, by-pass diode 7 adopts the mounted on surface Schottky block diode of thin small encapsulation as used herein.
Below, illustrate be used for sealed solar can cell device the cladding material of concatermer.
On surface elements 2, use ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film that is provided with the average thickness 25 μ m of Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct on the two sides.Make film pass through to be provided with between the embossment roller after the Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct extrusion modling immediately.The arithmetic average height Ra of the Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct that is provided with is 1.4～2.0 μ m, and maximum height Rz is 8～13 μ m.
Discharge process is carried out on two sides to the film that is provided with Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct in the mist that comprises argon gas and carbon dioxide.As a result, making the surface contact angle of the water on film surface is about 80 °.
Then, on polyester film, stack gradually thin plate (encapsulant 4) as the thick 0.4mm that constitutes by the EVA resin of encapsulating material for solar cell resin, solar cell device concatermer, the EVA resin sheet (encapsulant 4) of thick 0.4mm, above-mentioned ETFE film (surface elements 2) as the thick 100 μ m of back part 3, by adding thermo-compressed with vacuum laminated machine, sealed solar can cell device.
The EVA resin sheet of Shi Yonging is widely used as the encapsulant of solar cell herein, cooperates with EVA resin resin (vinyl acetate content 33wt%) 100 weight portions, crosslinking agent 1.5 weight portions, ultra-violet absorber 0.3 weight portion, light stabilizer 0.1 weight portion, antioxidant 0.2 weight portion, silane coupling agent 0.25 weight portion to form.
Take out electrode 12 from deriving output at the peristome of EVA resin sheet (encapsulant 4) and ETFE film (surface elements 2) setting in advance, link to each other with cable 10.In order to ensure watertightness, connecting portion is received in the terminal box 9 with sealings such as silica gel sealing agent.
The solar module of making of said method is carried out the exposure test room outside for 15 ° so that the angle to be set, two weeks afterwards, after one month, measure electrical characteristic with solar simulator respectively after two months.Table 1 illustrate be 1, two week back before testing, after one month and the output after two months and the relative value of short circuit current.In addition, the sample number is 10, gets its mean value.
＜embodiment 2 〉
Except in embodiment 1 not being provided with on the surface elements the Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, make solar module identically, estimate in the same manner with embodiment 1.The results are shown in table 1.
＜comparative example 1 〉
Except in embodiment 1 not being provided with on the surface elements the Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, make solar module identically, estimate in the same manner with embodiment 1.The results are shown in table 1. and do not carry out discharge process in the light entrance face side.
Table 1
After two weeks After one month After two months
Output Short circuit current Output Short circuit current Output Short circuit current
Embodiment
1 0.920 0.980 0.903 0.960 0.889 0.955
Embodiment 2 0.911 0.972 0.893 0.953 0.875 0.943
Comparative example 1 0.910 0.969 0.890 0.948 0.870 0.933
As can be seen from Table 1, the solar module of embodiment 1, the 2 output suppression ratio comparative example in the exposure test without is little, and wherein the decline of embodiment 1 is especially little.This tendency also is the same for short circuit current, so the decline inhibition of short circuit current suppresses relevant with the output decline of the module of embodiment as can be seen.And, owing to suppressed the decline of short circuit current, can infer that the light quantity that incides on the solar cell device is not easy to reduce.If observe the surface of these modules, the dirt accumulation of confirming all to have sand dust etc. on each module is on light entrance face, but clearly, its degree is embodiment 1 minimum, embodiment 2, comparative example subsequently, pollution level increases the weight of.Thus, can think that carrying out discharge process by the light entrance face to surface elements can suppress dirt, can be provided in to expose outside the room output is reduced few solar module.And, can find out from the comparison of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, by predetermined Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is set, can improve anti-fouling effect more on the light entrance face of surface elements.
Be not subjected to the restriction of above embodiment according to solar module of the present invention, can carry out various changes in the scope of its inventive concept.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, by making surface elements is the fluoride polymer film that light entrance face is crossed by discharge process, even it is contaminated that long-term without setting also is difficult to, the result can suppress to have covered with the fluoride polymer film output decline that incident light that dirt causes reduces that results from of surperficial solar module with low cost.
And, be that 0.5～3 μ m, maximum height Rz are the Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct of 5-20 μ m by on surface elements, forming arithmetic average height Ra, can have the anti-glare of raising, and reduce the effect of anti-glare and reflection loss sooner or later.
In addition, by the solar cell module array that a plurality of above-mentioned solar modules constitute being set, can improving output that the existing output that causes because of dirt significantly descends, that cause with the dirt that the solar cell module array that the angle is provided with is set below 20 ℃ significantly and descend with inclination angle smaller or equal to 20 °.

Claims (7)

1. solar module, it is characterized in that comprising at least: solar cell device and on the most surperficial the surface elements of the light entrance face side of the above-mentioned solar cell device of covering of configuration, and the fluoride polymer film that above-mentioned surface elements is crossed by discharge process by its light entrance face constitutes.
2. solar module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned discharge process is the discharge process of carrying out in the mist that comprises inactive gas and carbon dioxide at least.
3. solar module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be formed with Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct on the light entrance face of above-mentioned fluoride polymer film.
4. solar module as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the arithmetic average height Ra of above-mentioned Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct is 0.5～3 μ m, and maximum height Rz is 5-20 μ m.
5. solar module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the light entrance face of above-mentioned fluoride polymer film and the surface contact angle of water are 75～95 °.
6. solar module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned fluoride polymer film is an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
7. solar cell module array is characterized in that: have a plurality of solar modules as claimed in claim 1, this solar module is provided with the inclination angle smaller or equal to 20 °.
CNB2004100329477A 2003-04-17 2004-04-16 Solar cell modular and solar cell modular array Expired - Fee Related CN1322593C (en)

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