CN1321981C - Hydroxyindoles, their use as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and process for their preparation - Google Patents

Hydroxyindoles, their use as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and process for their preparation Download PDF

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CN1321981C
CN1321981C CNB2005100746573A CN200510074657A CN1321981C CN 1321981 C CN1321981 C CN 1321981C CN B2005100746573 A CNB2005100746573 A CN B2005100746573A CN 200510074657 A CN200510074657 A CN 200510074657A CN 1321981 C CN1321981 C CN 1321981C
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aryl
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CN1699342A (en
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N·赫夫根
U·埃格尔兰德
H·波佩
D·马克斯
S·斯策伦伊
T·克隆巴赫
E·波利梅洛普罗斯
S·赫尔
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/18—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D209/24—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with an alkyl or cycloalkyl radical attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/18—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D209/22—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with an aralkyl radical attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

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Abstract

The invention relates to hydroxyindoles of formula (1) wherein R1、R5Is C1－12Alkyl radical, C2－12-alkenyl, mono-, di-or tricyclic carbocycle, mono-, di-or tricyclic heterocycle, carbocycle-or heterocycle spirocycle, and R2、R3May be hydrogen or-OH, wherein at least one of the two substituents must be-OH. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and to a method for the production thereof.

Description

Oxyindole, it is as application of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and preparation method thereof
The application be the applying date be on April 24th, 1999 invention and created name for " new oxyindole, its as application of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and preparation method thereof (the dividing an application of Chinese patent application (national applications number be No.99807976.6, international application no is PCT/EP99/02792).
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oxyindole of the replacement of general formula 1,
Figure C20051007465700061
Their preparation methods, the pharmaceutical preparation that contains these compounds, and these phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors compounds can exert an influence to described disease to the active restraining effect of phosphodiesterase 4 in immunologically competent cell (for example scavenger cell and lymphocyte) by The compounds of this invention as the medicinal application of active compound in the treatment disease.
Background technology
Make the cell-membrane receptor activation cause the activation of " second messenger " system by mediator.Adenylate cyclase is by AMP and GMP composite reactive ring AMP (cAMP) or cyclo GMP (cGMP).This just causes the synthetic of smooth muscle cell for example is lax or amboceptor discharges inhibition or inflammatory cell.Phosphodiesterase (PDE) destroys " second messenger " cAMP and cGMP.Known so far have 7 class PDE enzymes (PDE1-7), and they are different from the specificity (cAMP, cGMP or both include) of its substrate and depend on other substrates (for example calmodulin).These isozymes have different functions in vivo, and have in various degree significance (Beave JA, Conti M and Heaslip RJ, many cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, Mol.Pharmacol.1994,46:399-405 in various types of cells; Hall IP, the isozyme selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor; Possible clinical application, Br.J.clin.Pharmacol.1993,35:1-7).The result that all kinds PDE isozyme suppresses causes the cAMP or the cGMP that can play therapeutic action to accumulate (Torphy TJ in cell, Livi GP, Christensen SB, the new phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is used for the treatment of asthma, Drug News and Perspectives 1993,6:203-214).
In the cell important (lymphocyte, mastocyte, eosinocyte, scavenger cell) to alterative inflammation, dominant PDE isozyme is 4 type (Torphy, J T. and Undem, B.J., phosphodiesterase inhibitor: antasthmatic new opportunity, Thorax 1991,46:512-523).Therefore, suitable inhibitor is the important starting point (Schudt Ch, Dent G, Rabe K, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Academic Press London 1996) that the many allergy of treatment are induced disease to the restraining effect of PDE4.
The critical nature of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors is to suppress by inflammatory cell release tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α).TNF α is important former inflammatory cytokine, and this cytokine influences a lot of bioprocesss.TNF α for example discharges in the stellate cell from activatory scavenger cell, activated T cell, mastocyte, basophilic leukocyte, inoblast, endotheliocyte and brain.It has the self-activation effect for neutrophilic leukocyte, eosinocyte, inoblast and endotheliocyte, and the result is that various disorganizations medium is released.In monocyte, scavenger cell and T lymphocyte, TNF α make former inflammatory cytokine for example the generation of GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimutaing factor) or interleukin-8 increase.Because its inflammatory promotes and the katabolism effect that TNF α for example plays a crucial role in inflammation in respiratory system, sacroiliitis, endotoxin shock, tissue rejection, AIDS and various other immune phlegm diseases at numerous disease.Therefore, the inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 also is applicable to such disease that treatment is relevant with TNF α.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is very general and have a great Economic Importance in the crowd.The COPD disease causes the cost that accounts for the about 10-15% of all diseases in developing country, and account for about 25% (Norman P.:COPD: new development and treatment opportunity of all deaths in this reason of the U.S., Drug News Perspect.11 (7), 431-437,1998), but surpass 55 years old usually during these deaths (Nolte D.:ChronischeBronchitis-eine Volkskrankheit multifaktorieller Genese.Atemw.-Lungenkrkh.[chronic bronchitis-general multiplefactor cause disease].20(5)，260-267，1994)。WHO estimates that COPD causes the 3rd dead reason in following 20 years.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) syndrome has comprised the various syndromes of chronic bronchitis, comprises cough and expectoration and gradation and irreversible pulmonary function injury symptom (breath especially is affected).The process of this disease is sporadic and often with infectation of bacteria (Rennard S.I.:COPD: the summary of definition, epidemiology, and the factor that influences its development.Chest，113(4)Suppl.，235S-241S，1998)。In the process of disease, pulmonary function constantly descends, pulmonary emphysema constantly increase and patient's breathing significant difficulties.This disease causes tangible negative impact (expiratory dyspnea, harmonic motion tolerance) to patient's quality of life and significantly reduces their life expectancy.Except environmental factors, principal risk factor is smoking (Kummer F.: asthma and COPD.Atemw.-Lungenkrkh 20 (5), 299-302,1994; Rennard S.I.:COPD: the summary of definition, epidemiology, and the factor that influences its development.Chest, 113 (4) Suppl., 235S-241S, 1998), so the male sex is than obvious more frequent being affected of women.In any case along with the change of living habit and the increase of smoker's number, this situation will change in future.
Present treatment only helps relief of symptoms and can not intervene the process of disease.Use can can improve pulmonary function by bronchiectasis by (muscarinergic) antagonist (for example ipratropium bromide (ipratropium)) bonded long-acting beta 2 stimulants (for example Salmeterol) with muscarine, and this is conventional use the (Norman P.:COPD: new development and treatment opportunity, Drugs News Perspect.11 (7), 431-437,1998).The accidental major cause of COPD is an infectation of bacteria, and this just must be with antibiotic therapy (Wilson R.: the effect of infecting in COPD, Chest, 113 (4) Suppl., 242S-248S, 1998; Grossman R.F.: increase the weight of the value of antibiotic under the situation and the result of antibiotic therapy at COPD.Chest，113(4)Suppl.，249S-255S，1998)。Up to now, this treatment of diseases still can not be satisfactory, and is especially true for the continuous decrease pulmonary infection.The new treatment approach that influences inflammatory mediator, proteolytic enzyme or adhesion molecule will be very promising (Barnes P.J.: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the new opportunity of drug development, TiPS10 (19), 415-423,1998).
In segmental bronchus, found the independently infectation of bacteria concurrent, the active chronic inflammatory diseases of neutrophilic granulocyte with this disease.Infer, particularly responsible to observed structural changes (pulmonary emphysema) in the respiratory system by the medium and the enzyme of neutrophilic granulocyte release.Therefore, suppressing neutrophilic granulocytic activity is prevention or the reasonable approach of slowing down COPD (lung function parameter damage) process.Granulocyte activatory important stimulus thing is former inflammatory cytokine TNF α (tumour necrosis factor).Therefore, known TNF α stimulates formation (Jersmann, the H.P.A. of oxyradical by neutrophilic granulocyte; Rathjen, the enhancing that D.A. and Ferrante A.:LPS-inductive produce the neutrophilia oxyradical by TNF α is infected and immunity, 4,1744-1747,1998).The PDE4 inhibitor can suppress TNF α very effectively and discharge from many cells, thereby suppresses neutrophilic granulocytic activity.Non-specific PDE gives as security the formation that the preparation pentoxifylline can suppress oxyradical, also can suppress neutrophilic granulocytic phagocytic activity (Wenisch, C.; Zedtwitz-Liebenstein, K.; Parschalk, B. and Graninger W.: estimate pentoxifylline by flow cytometry and the neutrophilia active oxygen is produced and bites the influence that gulps down cell ability, Clin.Drug.Invest., 13 (2): 99-104,1997 external).
Various PDE4 inhibitor are known.From the priority order, these inhibitor be xanthine derivative, rolipram analogue or Nitraquazone derivative (complete investigation: Karlsson J-A, Aldos D is used for the treatment of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors of asthma, Exp.Opin.Ther.Patents 1997,7:989-1003).Up to the present, also any in these compounds is not applied to clinical.Must determine that also known PDE 4 inhibitor also have for example nausea and vomiting of the present various side effects that still can't suitably suppress.Therefore need exploitation to have new PDE 4 inhibitor of better therapeutic domain.
Although be unusual part and parcel at the exploitation indoles of the new activating compounds that is used for various indications for many years, up to now, be unknown fully as the oxyindole of PDE 4 inhibitor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to the oxyindole of the replacement of general formula 1
Wherein
R 1, R 5Be
-straight or branched C 1 ... 12-alkyl,
This group is randomly by the single replacement of following groups or polysubstituted :-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14Aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6Alkyl) (C 6 ... 14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1 ... 6Alkyl ,-OSO 2C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6 ... 14-aryl and as its a part included carbocyclic ring and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by R 4One-or polysubstituted,
-one-or polyunsaturated, straight or branched C 2 ... 12-alkenyl,
This group is randomly by the single replacement of following groups or polysubstituted :-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14Aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6Alkyl) (C 6 ... 14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1 ... 6Alkyl ,-OSO 2C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6 ... 14-aryl and as its a part included carbocyclic ring and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by R 4One-or polysubstituted,
-have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics,
This group is randomly by the single replacement of following groups or polysubstituted :-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14Aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6Alkyl) (C 6 ... 14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1 ... 6Alkyl ,-OSO 2C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6 ... 14-aryl and as its a part included carbocyclic ring and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by R 4One-or polysubstituted,
-have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles,
This group is randomly by the single replacement of following groups or polysubstituted :-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14Aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6Alkyl) (C 6 ... 14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1...6Alkyl, OSO 2C 6...14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6 ... 14-aryl and as its a part included carbocyclic ring and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by R 4One-or polysubstituted,
-have the saturated of 3...10 annular atoms or-or many unsaturated carbons ring-type-or heterocycle shape volution, wherein 1...6 heteroatoms, preferably N, O and S are contained in heterocycle system,
This group is randomly by the single replacement of following groups or polysubstituted :-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14Aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6Alkyl) (C 6 ... 14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1 ... 6Alkyl ,-OSO 2C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6 ... 14-aryl and as its a part included carbocyclic ring and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by R 4One-or polysubstituted,
R wherein 1And R 5Can be identical or different;
R 2, R 3Can be hydrogen or-OH, wherein at least one must be-OH in two substituting groups;
R 4Be
-H ,-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2, NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl, N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14-aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) (C 6 ... 14-aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-COOH ,-(CO) R 6The R of ,-(CS) 6,-F ,-C1 ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14-aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 2R 6,
R 6Can be
-H ,-NH 2,-NHC 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6 ... 14-aryl ,-N (C 6 ... 14Aryl) 2,
-N (C 1 ... 6-alkyl) (C 6 ... 14-aryl) ,-O-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-O-C 6 ... 14Aryl ,-S-C 1 ... 6-alkyl ,-S-C 6 ... 14-aryl,
-straight or branched-C 1 ... 12-alkyl,
-one-or polyunsaturated, straight or branched-C 2 ... 12-alkenyl,
-have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics,
-have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles,
A is a key, or
-(CH 2) m-，-(CH 2) m-(CH＝CH) n-(CH 2) p-，-(CHOZ) m-，-(C＝O)-，-(C＝S)-，-(C＝N-Z)-，-O-，-S-，-NZ-，
Wherein m, p=0...3, and n=0...2, and
Z is
-H, or
-straight or branched-C 1 ... 12-alkyl,
-one-or polyunsaturated, straight or branched-C 2 ... 12-alkenyl,
-have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics,
-have one of 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms, preferred N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles;
B can be carbon or sulphur or-(S=O)-;
D can be oxygen, sulphur, CH 2Or N-Z,
If wherein B is a carbon, then D only is S or CH 2
E can be a key, perhaps
-(CH 2) m-,-O-,-S-,-(N-Z)-, wherein the implication of m and Z is as mentioned above.
The invention still further relates to the salt that can tolerate on the physiology of formula 1 compound.
The salt that can tolerate on the physiology be in a usual manner, by making with mineral acid or organic acid neutralization bases or with mineral alkali or organic bases neutralizing acid.Possible mineral acid is a hydrochloric acid for example, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or Hydrogen bromide, organic acid is a carboxylic acid for example, sulfonic acid is acetate for example, tartrate, lactic acid, propionic acid, oxyacetic acid, propanedioic acid, toxilic acid, fumaric acid, tannic acid, succsinic acid, alginic acid, phenylformic acid, the 2-phenoxy benzoic acid, the 2-acetoxy-benzoic acid, styracin, amygdalic acid, citric acid, oxysuccinic acid, Whitfield's ointment, the 3-aminosallcylic acid, xitix, pounce on acid, nicotinic acid, Yi Yansuan, oxalic acid, amino acid, methylsulfonic acid, ethyl sulfonic acid, the 2-ethylenehydrinsulfonic acid, second-1, the 2-disulfonic acid, Phenylsulfonic acid, 4-toluene sulfonic acide or naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid.Possible mineral alkali is for example sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, ammoniacal liquor, possible organic bases is an amine, but preferred tertiary amine is Trimethylamine 99, triethylamine, pyridine, N for example, accelerine, quinoline, isoquinoline 99.9, α-Jia Jibiding, beta-picoline, γ-picoline, 2-toluquinoline or pyrimidine.
In addition, the salt that can tolerate on the physiology of formula 1 compound of the present invention can be according to known mode itself, be converted into corresponding quaternary ammonium salt by the derivative that will have tertiary amine groups with quaternizing agent and make.Possible quaternizing agent is for example methyl iodide, monobromethane and a n-propyl ammonia of alkylogen for example, also comprises aralkyl halogen for example benzyl chloride or 2-phenethyl bromide.
Moreover formula 1 compound that the present invention has unsymmetrical carbon relates to D configuration, L configuration and D, L configuration mixture, and if a plurality of unsymmetrical carbons are arranged, then comprise diastereomer.Those formula 1 compounds that contain unsymmetrical carbon and usually obtain with racemic modification can the known mode of employing itself, for example the acid with optically active is separated into the optically active isomer.Certainly, also can bring into use the initial substance of optically active from raw material, the diastereomer compound that obtains corresponding optically active thus is as final product.
Have been found that the important pharmaceutical properties of The compounds of this invention, can utilize these character to treat.
The compounds of this invention is that preparation is given as security in the release of TNF α.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, formula 1 compound and salt thereof and the pharmaceutical preparation that contains these compound or its salts can be used for treating wherein useful to the inhibition of TNF α disease.
These diseases comprise for example arthritis, comprise sacroiliitis, rheumatoid arthritis and other joint disease for example rheumatoid spondylitis and osteoarthritis.Other possible application are patients that following disease is suffered from treatment: sepsis, septic shock, Gram-negative sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, asthma or other chronic lung diseases, bone absorpting disease or transplant rejection or other auto-immune diseases be lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, glomerulonephritis and uveitis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and chronic demyelination (demyelinization) for example.
In addition, The compounds of this invention can also be used for the treatment of and infects for example virus infection and parasite sense seven, for example treats malaria, the heating relevant with sense seven, myalgia, AIDS and the emaciation relevant with infection.
The compounds of this invention is a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, formula 1 compound and salt thereof and the pharmaceutical preparation that contains these compound or its salts can be used for treating wherein useful to the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 disease.
Therefore, compound of the present invention can and be used for prevention asthma as bronchodilator.
In addition, formula 1 compound still is that eosinocyte gathers and active inhibitor.Therefore, The compounds of this invention also can be used for the disease that eosinocyte wherein works.These diseases comprise inflammatory respiratory disease for example for example bronchial allergy, rhinallergosis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, eczema, allergic vasculitis, eosinocyte mediation for example eosinophilic fascitis of inflammation, have a liking for eosin pneumonia and PIE syndrome (lung with eosinophilia soaks into), urticaria, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and proliferative skin disorders for example psoriasis or keratosis.
The objective of the invention is, the lung neutrophilia is overflow profit in the body that formula 1 compound and salt thereof can suppress that lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-inductive TNF α discharges from external human blood and LPS-inductive ferret and family raise pigs.The pharmaceutical preparation that the discovery of all pharmacology critical natures has confirmed formula 1 compound and salt thereof and contained these compound or its salts can be used for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The compounds of this invention also has neuroprotective character, and can be used for treating wherein useful to neuroprotective disease.These phlegm diseases be for example senile dementia (Alzheimer's), lose the memory of, Parkinson's disease, signature are strongly fragrant, apoplexy and intermittent claudication.
The possible application of other of The compounds of this invention is for example bladder and the colon atony that are caused by urinary stone disease of benign prostatic hyperplasia, pollakiuria, nycturia and treatment of prevention and treatment prostatosis.At last, The compounds of this invention also can be used for suppressing to use repeatedly pain killer for example morphine cause the development of pharmacological dependence, and be used for reducing to using these pain killer tolerance development repeatedly.
When the preparation medicine, except auxiliary agent, carrier and the additive of routine, use The compounds of this invention or its salt of effective dose.
The dosage of active compound can change according to similar factors such as the character of route of administration, patient's age and body weight, the disease for the treatment of and severity.
Per daily dose can or be divided into the form administration of every day 1 or multidose with single dose, and per daily dose is 0.001-100mg usually.
Possible form of medication is oral, non-enteron aisle, intravenously, through skin, part, suction and intranasal administration preparation.
But the possible conventional medicine dosage form that is used for administration is for example tablet, coating tablet, capsule dispersed powders, particle, the aqueous solution, aqeous suspension or oil suspension, syrup, juice or drops.
Solid drug forms can contain inert fraction and carrier, the for example silicic acid of lime carbonate, calcium phosphate, sodium phosphate, lactose, starch, mannitol, alginate, gelatin, guar gum, Magnesium Stearate or aluminum stearate, methylcellulose gum, talcum, high dispersing, silicone oil, high molecular weight fatty acid (for example stearic acid), gelatin, agar or plant or animal tallow and oil, solid macromolecule weight polymers (for example polyoxyethylene glycol); If desired, be suitable for oral preparation and can contain other correctives and/or sweeting agent.
The liquid medicine form can be aseptic and/or randomly contain auxiliary agent for example sanitas, stablizer, wetting agent, permeate agent, emulsifying agent, spreading agent, solubilizing agent, salt, sugar or sugar alcohol to regulate osmotic pressure or to be used for buffering and/or viscosity modifier.
This class additive is for example tartrate and citrate buffer agent, ethanol, Synergist S-421 95 (for example ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and non-toxic salt thereof).The possible high-molecular weight polymer that is used to regulate viscosity is for example liquid polyethylene oxide, Microcrystalline Cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextran or gelatin.Solid carrier is silicic acid, high molecular weight fatty acid (for example stearic acid), gelatin, agar, calcium phosphate, Magnesium Stearate, animal and plant fat, the solid macromolecule weight polymers polyoxyethylene glycol for example of for example starch, lactose, mannitol, methylcellulose gum, talcum, high dispersing.
Non-enteron aisle or the local oil suspension that uses can be phytosynthesis or semi-synthetic oil, the liquid aliphatic acid esters that for example has 8-22 carbon atom in fatty acid chain is for example with having palmitinic acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, eicosanoic acid, interior myristic acid, docosoic acid, pentadecylic acid, linolic acid, elaidic acid, brassidic acid, erucic acid or the oleic acid of the monohydroxy-alcohol of 1-6 carbon atom to trivalent alcohol (as methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, amylalcohol or their isomer, ethylene glycol or glycerine) esterification.The fatty acid ester of the type is for example to discuss the caprylic/capric ester of selling Miglyols, interior isopropyl myristate, Wickenol 111, isopropyl stearate, PEG6-capric acid, saturated fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene triolein, ethyl oleate, for example artificial duck glandula uropygialis of wax shape fatty acid ester fat, coconut fatty acid isopropyl ester, Oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, ethyl lactate, dibutyl phthalate, Wickenol 116, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester etc.Silicone oil that different viscosity is arranged that other are fit to or Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) (for example different tridecanol, 2-Standamul G, hexadecyl stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol), lipid acid is oleic acid for example.In addition, can also use vegetables oil for example Viscotrol C, Prunus amygdalus oil, sweet oil, sesame oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, peanut oil or soybean oil.
Possible solvent, jelling agent and solubilizing agent are the water or the solvent that can dissolve each other with water.These The suitable solvent be for example alcohol as ethanol or Virahol, benzylalcohol, 2-Standamul G, polyoxyethylene glycol, phthalic ester, adipic acid ester, propylene glycol, glycerine, two or tripropylene glycol, wax, methylcyclohexane, cellosolve, ester, morpholine, two  alkane, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide, tetrahydrofuran (THF), pimelinketone etc.
Operable membrane-forming agent be water soluble or organic solvent or can be in water or organic solvent expansible ether of cellulose, for example Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose or Zulkovsky starch.
Mixed form between jelling agent and membrane-forming agent equally also is possible.Especially operable is the ionic macromole, for example Xylo-Mucine, polyacrylic acid, polymethyl acrylic acid and salt thereof, amylopectin half hydroxyethanoic acid sodium, alginic acid or propylene glycol sodiun alginate, gum arabic, xanthan gum, guar gum or carrageenin.
Operable other formulation auxiliary agents: the paraffin of glycerine, different viscosity, trolamine, collagen, wallantoin, novantisolic acid.
Preparation also needs to use tensio-active agent, emulsifying agent or wetting agent, for example sodium lauryl sulphate, fatty alcohol ether sulphate, N-lauryl-β-imino-disodium beclomethasone, GREMAPHOR GS32 or anhydro sorbitol monooleate, anhydro sorbitol monostearate, polysorbate (for example tween), hexadecanol, Yelkin TTS, monostearin, polyoxyethylene stearic acid ester, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene glycol ether, chlorination hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium or one/dialkyl group polyglycol ether ortho-phosphoric acid Monoethanolamine MEA BASF salt.
Prepare required preparation and also randomly need stablizer, for example make the montmorillonite or the collodial silica of emulsion-stabilizing, perhaps prevent active substance destructive material for example antioxidant such as tocopherol or butyl hydroxyanisole, perhaps sanitas p-Hydroxybenzoate for example.
Non-intestinal drug delivery agent can exist with independent dosage unit form, for example ampoule or bottle.Preferably use the solution of active compound, preferred aqueous solutions, preferred especially isotonic solution also has suspension.These injection types can be made the preparation of finishing preparation, perhaps only make before use as required and other solid carriers and required solvent or the preparation of suspension agent blended active compound, for example lyophilized powder.
Preparation can be the aqueous solution or oil solution in the nose, or aqeous suspension or oil suspension.Preparation can also be the lyophilized powder of preparing with suitable solvent or suspension agent before use in the nose.
Under the antibiotic and aseptic condition of routine, carry out preparation, packing and the sealing of said preparation.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of The compounds of this invention.
According to the present invention, by removing R 7, incite somebody to action wherein R 2Or R 3Perhaps R 2And R 3For-O-R 7Formula 1 compound be converted into formula 1 compound of the present invention, prepare wherein R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, A, B, D and E aforesaid general formula 1 compound of implication
R herein 7Expression is suitable for the substituting group as leavings group; the for example aminocarboxyl, silyl or the alkylsulfonyl that replace of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl group, carbalkoxy, aryloxy carbonyl, aminocarboxyl, N-, and Synergist S-421 95 be metal for example zinc, aluminium or the copper of the compound of compound, the phosphoric acid of boric acid and covalency or coordination bonding for example.
Particularly preferredly in preparation method of the present invention, remove R 7Reaction be with for example sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or yellow soda ash or the salt of wormwood hydrolysis of suitable alkali.
Work as R 7Preferably carry out this hydrolysis when being following group: aminocarboxyl, silyl or alkylsulfonyl that acyl group, carbalkoxy, aryloxy carbonyl, aminocarboxyl, N-replace, and for example following compound of Synergist S-421 95: the metal of boric acid, phosphoric acid and covalency or coordination bonding is zinc, aluminium or copper for example.
Particularly preferred in preparation method of the present invention from R wherein 7Be to remove R in the compound of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or heteroaryl 7Reaction be that ether-splitting is separated, for example have or do not have other activator (for example second-1,2-two mercaptan or benzyl mercaptan) exist down, with Hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid HI and use activatory Lewis acid, for example AlCl 3, BF 3, BBr 3Or LiCl carries out ether-splitting and separates, and under elevated pressure or normal pressure,, carries out ether-splitting with hydrogen and separates for example in the presence of palladium or the iridium catalyst in appropriate catalyst.
According to the present invention, can also adopt known reaction, by transforming down array structure, formula 1 compound is converted into other formula 1 compound of the present invention, prepare wherein R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, A, B, D and E aforesaid general formula 1 compound of implication:
Particularly preferred formula of the present invention 1 conversion of compounds method is, for example, and with known reductive agent sodium borohydride or for example itself, with A=-(C=O)-be reduced into A=-(CH-OH)-or A=-CH by hydrogenation 2-, this reduction reaction can randomly three-dimensionally be carried out single-mindedly.
Other preferred conversion reactions are to be that the compound of oxygen is converted into that wherein to have only D be the material of oxygen and E is-(N-Z)-(wherein the implication of Z as mentioned above) with wherein D and E.
Embodiment
Illustrate the method for preparing formula 1 compound of the present invention by the material of described type below,
R wherein 7Be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or heteroaryl:
Embodiment 1:
N-(3,5-diamino pyridin-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide (1)
With 1.4 g N-(3,5-diamino pyridin-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-methoxyl group indol-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide (3mmol) is dissolved in the 100ml methylene dichloride.With this vlil and under agitation be used in 14mmol BBr in the 15ml methylene dichloride 3Handle.Made reaction mixture refluxed 3 hours.After the cooling, 20 ℃ with this solution with 200ml sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution vigorous stirring 3 hours.Product crystallizes out in this process.Separated product, 60 ℃ of dryings, and from 80ml ethanol recrystallization.
Output: 1.1g (theoretical value 80%)
Fusing point: 213-214 ℃
Embodiment 2:
N-(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide (1)
To 50ml second-1, add 5g (38mmol) Aluminum chloride anhydrous in 2-two mercaptan.At 0 ℃ of 4.7g N-(3,5-diamino pyridin-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-methoxyl group indol-3-yl that is added in the 50ml methylene dichloride]-2-oxo ethanamide (10mmol).Stirred this mixture 4 hours at 0 ℃.0-10 ℃ and stir under, Dropwise 5 0ml concentration is 10% hydrochloric acid.The fractional crystallization product washes with water, and 20 ℃ of dryings.Recrystallization obtains pure product from ethanol (180ml).
Output: 3.1g (theoretical value 67%)
Fusing point: 212-214 ℃
Illustrate the method for preparing formula 1 compound of the present invention by the material of described type below, wherein R 7Be aminocarboxyl, silyl or the alkylsulfonyl of acyl group, carbalkoxy, aryloxy carbonyl, aminocarboxyl, N-replacement:
Implement 3:
N-(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide sodium salt (2)
At 40-50 ℃, with 5g N-(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-yl)-2-[5-acetoxyl group-1-(4-luorobenzyl)-indol-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide (10mmol) stirred 1 hour in the 50ml diluted sodium hydroxide solution.Ice-cooled down, with hydrochloric acid (concentration 10%) this solution that neutralizes, and be concentrated into dried.Resistates is dissolved in the 80ml acetone.Remove insoluble composition.The 0.4g NaOH that clear soln is used in the 3ml water handles, and stirs 2 hours at 20 ℃.The product of fractional crystallization is with washing with acetone and 60 ℃ of dryings.
Output: 2.44g (theoretical value 51%)
Fusing point: 265 ℃
Illustrate method below by other formula 1 compound of the present invention formula 1 compound of the present invention.
Embodiment 4:
N-(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-hydroxyl acetamide (3)
With 1g N-(3,5-dichloropyridine-4-yl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide (1; 2mmol) be suspended in the 75ml methyl alcohol.After being added in the 0.2g sodium borohydride solution in the 3ml diluted sodium hydroxide solution, reaction mixture was stirred 6 hours at 20 ℃.After distillation removed and desolvates, resistates is recrystallization from 40ml ethanol.
Output: 0.5g (theoretical value 50%)
Fusing point: 205-207 ℃
Adopt the changing method of above-mentioned various examples, can preparation example following many other formula 1 compounds of enumerating that example provides:
Compound R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 A B D E Fusing point [℃]
1 The 4-luorobenzyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 215
2 The 4-luorobenzyl -O-Na + -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(C=O)- C O -(N-H)- 265
3 The 4-luorobenzyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(CHOH)- C O -(N-H)- 205-207
4 2, the 6-difluorobenzyl -OH -H -H The 4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 327-329
5 2, the 6-difluorobenzyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 266-268
6 The 3-nitrobenzyl -O-Na + -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 235-238 dec.
7 N-propyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 280-282
8 Sec.-propyl -OH -H -H 3,5-dichloro bucket pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 245-247
9 Cyclopentyl-methyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 246-248
10 The 4-luorobenzyl -OH -H -H 2, the 6-dichlorophenyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 216-218
11 The 4-luorobenzyl -OH -H -H 2,6-two chloro-4-three fluoro-aminomethyl phenyls -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 199-201
12 The 4-luorobenzyl -OH -H -H 2,6-two chloro-4-three fluoro-p-methoxy-phenyls -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 176-178
13 The 4-luorobenzyl -H -OH -H 3,5-two-4-pyridyl -(C＝O)- C O -(N-H)- 212-213
14 The 4-methoxy-benzyl -OH -H -H 3,5-two chloro-4-pyridyl - C O -(N-H)- 239-241
The compounds of this invention is the potent inhibitor that phosphodiesterase 4 and TNF α discharge.The possibility of its treatment is confirmed in vivo, for example suppresses the asthma late phase response of cavy, and influences the blood vessel perviousness that the brown Norway rat allergen of effective sensitization causes.
The inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Measure the PDE4 activity in the zymin of people's polymorphic nucleus lymphocyte (PMNL), the hematoblastic PDE that chooses measures PDE2,3 and 5 activity.Prevent people's haemagglutination with citric acid.By room temperature centrifugal 20 minutes, separate by supersound process with white corpuscle with red corpuscle and make thrombocytolysis being rich in hematoblastic blood plasma in the supernatant liquor, and be used for PDE3 and PDE5 analyzes with the rotating speed of 700xg.In order to measure the PDE2 activity, with kytoplasm thrombocyte part purifying on anion-exchange column, use the sodium-chlor gradient elution, reclaim the PDE2 peak and be used for analyzing.Dextran precipitation by subsequently and use the Ficoll-Paque gradient centrifugation is afterwards separated and is used for the PMNL that PDE4 measures.Behind twice of washed cell, in the red corpuscle that still contains, add 10ml hypotonic buffer agent (155mM NH 4Cl, 10mM NaHCO 3, 0.1mM EDTA, pH7.4), 4 ℃ of dissolvings 6 minutes.Still complete PMNL PBS washed twice, and carry out supersound process and make its dissolving.Through 4 ℃, with 48, the rotating speed of 000xg contains kytoplasm PDE4 composition after centrifugal 1 hour in the supernatant liquor, this composition is used for PDE4 measures.
Methods described, some change of process such as employing Thompson are measured phosphodiesterase activity (Thompson, W.J.; Appleman, M.M., the fractionation of the polymolecular form of the analysis of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and enzyme, Adv.Cycl.Nucl.Res.1979,10,69-92).
This reaction mixture contains 50mM tris HCl (pH7.4), 5mM MgCl 2, different concns inhibitor, corresponding zymin and measure other required compositions of single isozyme (referring to as follows).Add substrate 0.5 μ M[ 3H] cAMP or [ 3H)-cGMP (about 6000 CPM/ test) begins reaction.Final volume is 100ml.Substances is formed in liquid storage form among the DMSO.The concentration of DMSO is 1%v/v in reaction mixture.In this DMSO concentration, the PDE activity is unaffected.After the adding substrate begins reaction, sample was hatched 30 minutes at 37 ℃.110 ℃ of reacting by heating pipes 2 minutes with termination reaction.Sample was kept on ice 10 minutes.After adding 30 μ l, 5 '-phosphonuclease (1mg/ml, crotalus adamanteus poison suspension), hatched 10 minutes at 37 ℃.Sample is placed on stopped reaction on ice, and adding respectively is Dowex-water-ethanol (1+1+1) mixture of 400 μ l, and with the sample thorough mixing, hatches on ice 15 minutes again.With reaction flask centrifugal 20 minutes with the rotating speed of 3000xg.The supernatant liquor of 200 μ l five equilibriums is directly moved in the scintillation vial.Add after the 3ml scintillator, sample is carried out the β count measurement.
With [ 3H]-cAMP is as measuring PDE4,3 and 2 active substrates, with [ 3H]-cGMP mensuration PDE5 activity.In various situations, for PDE4, in the presence of 100 μ M roliprams, measure non-specific enzymic activity, and in the presence of 100 μ M IBMX, measure the activity of PDE3 and 5, and deduct trial value.The analysis nutrient solution of PDE3 contains the possibility of 10 μ M roliprams to suppress to be polluted by PDE4.Use the SPA analyser of Amersham company that PDE2 is tested.This analysis is carried out in the presence of PDE2 activator (5 μ M cGMP).
The compounds of this invention is given as security the IC of system phosphodiesterase 4 50Value is 10 -9To 10 -5M.PDE2,3 and 5 selectivity factor are 100 to 10,000.
The inhibition that TNF α discharges from breath inner cell Shen
Basically adopt Campbell, A.M. and the described method of Bousquet J are tested (H 1The anti-allergy activity of-retarding agent, Int.Arch.Allergy Immunol., 1993,101,308-310).Raw material is patient's the nasal polyp (raw material that operation obtains) of need being treated surgically.
To organize with RPMI1640 washing, then at 37 ℃ with proteolytic enzyme (2.0mg/ml), collagenase (1.5mg/ml), Unidasa (0.75mg/ml) and DNA enzyme (0.05mg/ml) (the 1g tissue contains the RPMI1640 of enzyme than 4ml) fragmentation 2 hours.The gained cell is epithelial cell, monocyte, scavenger cell, lymphocyte, inoblast and granulocytic mixture, with its filtration and by centrifugal repeatedly washing the in nutritive medium, add people IgE and make its passive sensitization, and this cell suspending liquid is adjusted to the concentration of 200 ten thousand cells/ml with RPMI1640 (being supplemented with antibiotic, 10% foetal calf serum, 2mM glutamine and 25mM Hepes).With this suspension distribution in 6-porocyte culture plate (1ml/ hole).With the substances of cell and different final concentrations preincubate together 30 minutes, adding anti-IgE (7.2 μ g/ml) then stimulated THF α to discharge.The maximum that has taken place after about 18 hours in the nutrition base discharges.During this period, with cell at 37 ℃ and 5%CO 2Hatch under existing.Centrifugal (5 minutes, 4000rpm) reclaim nutrition base (supernatant liquor), and be stored in-70 ℃ until carrying out cytokine assay.Adopt the TNF α in so-called sandwich ELISA method (basic material Pharmingen) the mensuration supernatant ripple, wherein detectable cytokine concentration scope is 30-1000pg/ml.
Do not produce THF α hardly with anti-IgE stimulated cells, stimulated cells then secretes a large amount of TNF α, and the generation of TNF α can reduce with dose-dependent mode, usefulness PDE 4 inhibitor.Percentage by the different concns substances suppresses (the TNF α with anti-IgE stimulated cells discharges=100%) and calculates IC 50Value (50% inhibition concentration).
The IC of the The compounds of this invention of being measured 50Value is 10 -7To 10 -5M.
Excite effective sensitized guinea pig eosinocyte increases late period after 24 hours sucking Protalbinic acid Many inhibition
Use is carried out in vivo test with the male Dunkin-Hartley cavy (200-250g) that Protalbinic acid (OVA) effectively excites, to study the inhibition that various materials soak into the lung eosinocyte.In continuous two days,, make the animal sensitization by giving every animal peritoneal injection 2 times 20 μ g OVA and the suspension of 20mg aluminium hydroxide assistant agent in the 0.5ml normal saline solution.After injecting 14 days for the second time,, prevent its supersensitivity death to protect these animals with Thylogen maleate (10mg/kg, peritoneal injection) pre-treatment animal.After 30 minutes, animal is contacted 30 seconds with OVA aerosol (0.5mg/ml) in plastics casing, the OVA aerosol is (allergen excites) that produces by the atomizer that pressurized air (19.6kPa) drives.Control animals is only sprayed with normal saline solution.Excite back 24 hours, make Animal Anesthesia with excessive ethylurethan (1.5g/kg body weight, peritoneal injection), and carry out bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with 2 * 5ml normal saline solution.Collect BAL liquid, with 300rpm centrifugal 10 minutes, then with cell precipitation thing resuspending in the 1ml normal saline solution.Use automated cell identification device (BayerDiagnostics Technicon H1) that BAL is carried out the eosinocyte counting.In each test, also comprise 2 control groups (with normal saline solution spraying and use the OVA solution spray).
Calculate the inhibition percentage ratio of the test group eosinophilia of handling with active substance according to following formula:
A=excites with OVA and the eosinocyte number of the control group handled with vehicle
B=excites with OVA and the eosinocyte number of the test group handled with active substance
C=excites with 0.9%NaCl and the eosinocyte number of the control group handled with vehicle
Substances before allergen excites 2 hours, with the form of suspension in 10% Liquid Macrogol and 0.5%5-Natvosol through peritoneal injection or oral administration administration.Control group then adopts the administering mode same with substances, handles with vehicle.
Can suppress the eosinophilia in late period by 30%-80% behind the peritoneal injection 10mg/kg The compounds of this invention, and can suppress the eosinophilia in late period by 40%-70% behind the oral 30mg/kg The compounds of this invention.
Therefore, The compounds of this invention is particularly useful for making the medicine of treatment and eosinophilic effect diseases related.
The effect of allergen inductive blood vessel perviousness in the brown Norway rat of effective sensitization
In continuous two days,, make the effective sensitization of male brown Norway rat of heavy 280-300g by giving twice 1mg Protalbinic acid of every animal peritoneal injection and the suspension of 100mg aluminium hydroxide in the 1ml normal saline solution.After 3 weeks of sensitization, make rat anesthesia with Thiopental Sodium, and get supine position and fix.In order to carry out the nasal cavity perfusion, polyethylene catheter is rearward inserted tracheae, as far as possible choana inside opened, so that solution can ooze nasal cavity.Orthograde mode inserts in the tracheae brachytracheae conduit so that it can be breathed.With pump roller the salt brine solution (PBS) of phosphate buffered is continuously pumped into nasal cavity (0.5ml/ minute), and collects with run tank.With Evans Blue as the plasma markers thing, and by conduit, advance in the jugular vein through intravenous injection (every animal is injected the 1% concentration solution of 1ml in PBS respectively).
Substances is through topical.In the administration process, substances is added in the perfusion matrix (PBS).Poured into nasal mucosa 30 minutes with the solution that contains the PDE4 inhibitor.When beginning to pour into the solution (exciting) that contains Protalbinic acid, inject Evans Blue then immediately.Excite back 15 minutes of (being dissolved in the 10mg/ml Protalbinic acid among the PBS) beginning with Protalbinic acid, in 60 minutes, collected a cut in per 15 minutes with run tank.Use the Digiscan photometer, measure the concentration of Evans Blue at 620nm wavelength place.In this process, deduct blank value automatically.Calculate this process of 60 minutes with the AUC program.Calculate the % effect that substances contrasts with respect to vehicle in the preparation group.
After measured, the IC of The compounds of this invention 50Value is 10 -8To 10 -5M.
By suppress TNF α that LPS-causes in human blood release and overflow profit by suppressing lung neutrophilia that ferret that LPS-causes and family raise pigs, confirmed the application of formula I compound of the present invention in the treatment chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Stimulating isolating white corpuscle to discharge cytokine can take place in many ways.Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is to be suitable for studying the stimulator that TNF α discharges.LPS is the composition of bacteria cell wall, and discharges (antibiotic or immunity system) by killing bacteria.LPS especially stimulates and engulfs leukocytic activity (tissue macrophages, granulocyte, monocyte) and cause white corpuscle casual profit to affected tissue from blood flow.Cytokine is TNF α for the importance of these mechanism, TNF α a large amount of secretions from influenced cell come out (monocyte and scavenger cell are main sources) and cause and keep inflammation with other media.
The THF α that LPS-causes discharges from be diluted to 1: 5 human blood
In order to investigate the influence that THF α is discharged, obtain blood (suppressing hemopexis) and be diluted to 1: 5 with the RPMI1640 cell culture medium with Citrate trianion from different donors.Substances is added in the sample of different concns, excite with LPS then.With the final concentration that derives from Salmonella abortus equi (Salmonella abortus equi) is that the lipopolysaccharides of 10 μ g/ml stimulated white corpuscle 30 minutes.With every batch of trier in insulation can in 37 ℃ and 5%CO 2In hatched 24 hours, then with the centrifugal blood of dilution, and measure the concentration of TNF α in the acellular supernatant liquor by the ELISA method.
After measured, the IC of test compound of the present invention 50Value is 10 -7To 10 -5M.For example, the IC of preparation embodiment 1 compound 50Value is 0.8 μ mol/l, and the IC of reference standard thing SB207499 50Value is 7.0 μ mol/l.
Suppress the ferret neutrophilia of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-cause
The inhibition of adopting male ferret (0.6-2kg) in vivo test determination test material that the lung neutrophilia is soaked into.With vetanarcol (40mg/kg body weight, peritoneal injection) makes laboratory animal anesthesia, it is placed the spraying box of closing of 5 liter capacities respectively, and be that 0.01% LPS (lipopolysaccharides) aerosol solution (containing 0.1% azanol in PBS in addition) contacts 10 minutes with the concentration of ultrasonic atomizatio.Aerosol is to produce by the atomizer that pressurized air (0.2Mpa) drives.Control animals is only with the spraying of physiological saline aerosol solution.In whole process, animal is observed, and after supplying with fresh air, animal is shifted out from the spraying box.In case suck the LPS of atomizing, cause respiratory inflammation immediately, it is characterized in that neutrophilic granulocyte soaks in the lung of laboratory animal in a large number.Neutrophilia reaches maximum value contact 4-6 hour with LPS after.In order to measure the number of the casual neutrophilic granulocyte that moistens, excite back 6 hours at LPS, make Animal Anesthesia with excessive ethylurethan (1.5g/kg body weight, peritoneal injection), and bronchovesicular is carried out lavation with 2 * 10ml normal saline solution.Measure the number of cell in the original BAL liquid (100 μ l) that merges with Technicon H1E automated cell counting mechanism (Bayer Diagnostic), and differentiate different white corpuscle among every μ l.In each test, also comprise 2 control groups (with normal saline solution or use the LPS solution spray).Material with anti-inflammatory activity influences particularly that THF α discharges or the material of neutrophilic granulocyte function, suppresses leukocytic infiltration.By with the laboratory animal of being untreated (use or do not use LPS to excite) in overflow the neutrophil number of profit and compare, measure overflowing the inhibition of profit.
After measured, the ID of The compounds of this invention peritoneal injection 50Value is 1-20mg/kg.For example, excite preceding 2 hours at LPS, with 1,3 and the dosage of 10mg/kg use the compound of preparation embodiment 1 through peritoneal injection, each dosage is at most to 3 animals administers.Neutrophilia among the BAL is suppressed (18%, 64% and 78%) in dose-dependent mode.The ID of peritoneal injection 50Value is 2.4mg/kg.
Peritoneal injection 1mg/kg selectivity PDE 4 inhibitor RPR73401 (object of reference) cause that neutrophilia 49% suppresses.
If feeding drug into pulmones, at anesthesia (peritoneal injection 40mg/kg, 3% vetanarcol, 1.3ml/kg) under, tracheotomy with animal, insert the PVC conduit of 7 cm long, and excite the experiment material (being mixed into 20mg/kg) that in lung, injected powder type in preceding 2 hours with syringe with lactose at LPS.
With 1,3 and the dosage of 10mg/kg use the compound of preparation embodiment 1 through pulmonary injection, suppress the neutrophilia (43%, 65% and 100%) that LPS-causes in dose-dependent mode.ID 50Value is in the 1.65mg/kg lung.
LPS-causes family's neutrophilia of raising pigs
Can cause lung neutrophilia in raising pigs according to being in the similar method of ferret.Make Animal Anesthesia (Sodital, 10mg/kg, intravenous injection) and intubate.Carry out incomplete bronchoalveolar lavage with bronchoscope, to be determined at the ratio of neutrophilic granulocyte under the physiological condition.Use the experiment material then, and suck 0.03%LPS (lipopolysaccharides) aerosol solution (containing 0.1% azanol in PBS in addition) 20 minutes of ultrasonic atomizatio by tracheal catheter to animal.Suck LPS and cause that positive inflammation of respiratory tract and large-area neutrophilic granulocyte soak into.Neutrophilia reaches maximum value contact 4-6 hour with LPS after.After 6 hours, repeat bronchovesicular is carried out lavation, and calculate the increase of measuring the neutrophil number.
Selected pig is specially adapted to these tests, because they have very large similarity with the people on anatomy and physiology.
After measured, to using the neutrophilia inhibition 20-65% that the 10mg The compounds of this invention causes LPS-in every animal lung.
After measured, prepare the lung neutrophilia inhibition 51% that embodiment 1 compound (about 0.75mg/kg) causes LPS-to using 10mg in every animal lung.

Claims (13)

1. the oxyindole of formula 1
Figure C2005100746570002C1
Wherein
R 5Be to represent phenyl, its by at least two independently be selected from-F ,-Cl ,-Br and-the halogen residue of I replaces, and contains or do not contain following substituting group:
-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2,-NHC 1...6-alkyl ,-N (C 1...6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6...14Aryl ,-N (C 6...14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1...6Alkyl) (C 6...14Aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-F ,-Cl ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1...6-alkyl ,-O-C 6...14-aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1...6-alkyl ,-S-C 6...14Aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 3H ,-SO 2R 6,-OSO 2C 1...6Alkyl ,-OSO 2C 6...14Aryl ,-(CS) R 6-COOH ,-(CO) R 6, have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics, have 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms be selected from one of N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles, wherein C 6...14-aryl and as its included carbocyclic ring of part and heterocyclic substituent can be randomly by following substituting group one-or polysubstituted :-H ,-OH ,-SH ,-NH 2, NHC 1...6-alkyl, N (C 1...6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6...14-aryl ,-N (C 6...14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1...6-alkyl) (C 6...14-aryl) ,-NHCOR 6,-NO 2,-CN ,-COOH ,-(CO) R 6The R of ,-(CS) 6,-F ,-Cl ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1...6-alkyl ,-O-C 6...14Aryl ,-O (CO) R 6,-S-C 1...6-alkyl ,-S-C 6...14-aryl ,-SOR 6,-SO 2R 6
R 1Monocycle C saturated or singly unsaturated or the replacement of many unsaturated carbocyclics list or unsubstituted straight chain or side chain with 3...14 annular atoms 1...12Alkyl, wherein the carbocyclic ring substituting group does not replace or is replaced by following groups:
-NO 2,-F ,-Cl ,-Br ,-I ,-O-C 1...6-alkyl, C 1...6-alkyl;
R 6Can be
-H ,-NH 2,-NHC 1...6-alkyl ,-N (C 1...6-alkyl) 2,-NHC 6...14-aryl ,-N (C 6...14Aryl) 2,-N (C 1...6-alkyl) (C 6...14-aryl) ,-O-C 1...6-alkyl ,-O-C 6...14Aryl ,-S-C 1...6-alkyl ,-S-C 6...14-aryl,
Straight or branched-C 1...12-alkyl,
One-or polyunsaturated, straight or branched-C 2...12-alkenyl,
Have one of 3...14 annular atoms-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated carbocyclics,
Have 5...15 annular atoms and 1...6 heteroatoms and be selected from one of N, O and S-, two-or three ring fillings or-or many unsaturated heterocycles;
R 2And R 3Can be hydrogen or-OH, wherein at least one must be-OH in two substituting groups;
R 4Be hydrogen;
A be a key ,-(CHOH)-or-(C=O)-;
B is a carbon;
D be oxygen and E for-(N-H)-.
2. formula 1 compound of claim 1 has unsymmetrical carbon, is D configuration, L configuration and D, L configuration mixture, and if a plurality of unsymmetrical carbons are arranged, then comprise diastereomer.
3. formula 1 compound of claim 1 is a following compounds:
N-(2, the 6-dichlorophenyl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide;
N-(2,6-dichlor-4-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide;
N-(2,6-two chloro-4-Trifluoromethoxyphen-ls)-2-[1-(4-luorobenzyl)-5-oxyindole-3-yl]-2-oxo ethanamide.
4. the salt that can tolerate on the physiology of formula 1 compound of claim 1 is characterized in that making with mineral acid or organic acid neutralization bases or with mineral alkali or organic bases neutralizing acid or with tertiary amine is quaternized.
5. the method for each compound in the preparation claim 1 to 4 is characterized in that the substituent R that is suitable for as leavings group by removing 7, incite somebody to action wherein R 2Or R 3Perhaps R 2And R 3For-O-R 7Formula 1 compound be converted into formula 1 compound of the present invention, wherein R 2And R 3As defined in claim 1.
6. the preparation method of the compound of claim 5 is from R wherein 7Be formula 1 compound of metal of the Synergist S-421 95 that is selected from zinc, aluminium or copper of the compound of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl group, carbalkoxy, aryloxy carbonyl, aminocarboxyl, the N-aminocarboxyl, silyl or the alkylsulfonyl that replace or the compound that is selected from boric acid, phosphoric acid and covalency or coordination bonding, beginning preparation formula 1 compound.
7. each the method for compound in the preparation claim 1 to 4 is characterized in that by transforming down array structure, and general formula 1 compound is converted into other formula 1 compound of the present invention:
Wherein A, B, D, E and R 5As defined in claim 1.
8. each compound is as the application of therapeutical active compound in the medicine of preparation treatment disease in the claim 1 to 4, and wherein the inhibition to TMF α helps to treat described disease.
9. each compound is as the application of therapeutical active compound in the medicine of preparation treatment disease in the claim 1 to 4, and wherein the inhibition to phosphodiesterase 4 helps to treat described disease.
In the claim 1 to 4 each compound as the application of therapeutical active compound in the medicine of preparation treatment and eosinocyte effect diseases associated.
11. each compound is as the application of therapeutical active compound in the medicine of the preparation treatment chronic obstructive pulmonary disease relevant with the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 in the claim 1 to 4.
12. pharmaceutical composition, contain in one or more claims 1 to 4 each compound and conventional physiology on carrier and/or the thinner or the auxiliary agent that can tolerate.
13. the method for the pharmaceutical composition of preparation claim 12, it is characterized in that using carrier and/or thinner or other auxiliary agents that can tolerate on the conventional physiology, each compound in one or more claims 1 to 4 is processed into the pharmaceutical composition that can treat form of medication.
CNB2005100746573A 1998-04-28 1999-04-24 Hydroxyindoles, their use as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and process for their preparation Expired - Fee Related CN1321981C (en)

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