CN1317232C - Lightweight foamed ceramic tile preparation method - Google Patents
Lightweight foamed ceramic tile preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1317232C CN1317232C CNB2006100010634A CN200610001063A CN1317232C CN 1317232 C CN1317232 C CN 1317232C CN B2006100010634 A CNB2006100010634 A CN B2006100010634A CN 200610001063 A CN200610001063 A CN 200610001063A CN 1317232 C CN1317232 C CN 1317232C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of decorative materials of buildings. The existing light weight foamed ceramics wall tiles easily cause the deformation in the baking process, and have a harmful effect on the appearance and the performance. The present invention comprises the following steps: mixing zeolite, diatomite, clay soil, calcium sulphate and sodium sulfate, wherein the weight ratio of zeolite to diatomite is from 8:1 to 8:4, the weight ratio of zeolite to clay soil is from 16:1 to 16:8, the weight ratio of zeolite to sodium sulfate is from 80:1 to 80:5 and the weight ratio of zeolite to calcium sulphate is from 100:1 to 100:5; after compounding, adding a polyvinyl alcohol solution containing 5 wt % of zeolite to obtain the powder compounding materials by ball milling and drying; mixing the powder compounding materials and zeolite particles by the mixing weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:1, and then obtaining the light weight raw bodies by forming under atmospheric pressure of 3 to 6MPas; after baking, raising the temperature from the room temperature to 150 DEG C at a speed of 2 DEG C /min, carrying out heat preservation for 1 hours, raising the temperature to 500 DEG C at a speed of 3 DEG C /min, raising the temperature to 1000 DEG C at a speed of 5 DEG C /min and to the temperature of 1200 to 1260 DEG C at a speed of 10 DEG C /min, carrying out heat preservation for 1 to 2h, and cooling the raw bodies with the furnace. The present invention can produce light weight foamed ceramics wall tiles with regular shapes and controllable dimensions, the water absorption rate of the wall tiles is less than 1%, the specific weight is from 0.8 to 1.0 g/cm<3>, and the bending strength is from 24 to 28MPa.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method of making light foam ceramic tiles belongs to architectural decoration material field.
Background technology
Along with increasingly sharpening of energy shortage sense, in recent years, building energy-saving has become an important topic of country, and the exterior-wall heat insulation of building has obtained unprecedented attention.And ceramic veneer is owing to have the excellent decoration effect, it then is the finishing material of being favored very much, but present ceramic veneer is a main flow with highly dense solidity, the shortcoming that has two aspects, the big ceramic veneer that must cause of first degree of compactness is than great, increase wall weight, and ceramic veneer comes off easily under the deadweight effect, make ceramic veneer have limitation in use; It is two under the identical situation of material, and degree of compactness is big, must cause the thermal conductivity height of ceramic veneer, and the heat insulation effect of body of wall is produced detrimentally affect, advocates in country under the situation of building energy conservation and has embodied its limitation.And be the low water absorption light foam ceramic tiles light weight of feature with the unicellular structure, because of its vesicular structure has effect of heat insulation preferably, thereby have good development prospect.
It seems from situation both domestic and external, Japan before more than 20 years just the foam porous block to closed pore study and industrialization.Japanese enterprises is a main raw material with silicon-dioxide, feldspar, makes light foam ceramic tiles, and its proportion is less than 1g/cm
3, can bubble through the water column.But because raw material ratio such as clay, feldspar are great, in burning till foaming process, there is the volume process of contraction-after earlier, produce bigger base substrate volume change and be easy to cause distortion in the sintering process, irregular etc. as the corner, these weak points produce detrimentally affect to the appearance property of light foam ceramic tiles.According to data-searching, although zeolite and diatomite have been used to make multiple light material, do not find as yet to utilize zeolite to be main raw material, cooperate diatomite, make the report of light foam ceramic tiles by the method for burning till.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention provides the light foam ceramic tiles preparation method, can be used for making regular shape, the light foam ceramic tiles of controllable size, and this ceramic veneer water-intake rate is less than 1% (mass percent), and proportion is 0.8-1.0g/cm
3, bending strength is 24-28MPa.
The present invention is main raw material with the zeolite, and utilize diatomite to be auxiliary material, successfully suppressed the volume change of foamed ceramics face brick in sintering process, thereby the fine regular external form that keeps the foamed ceramics face brick has superiority at more in the past foamed ceramics face brick aspect the outward appearance of foamed ceramics face brick.
The present invention is main raw material with the zeolite and adds diatomite, clay, and sodium sulfate or calcium sulfate are made light-weight powder admixtion; With the particulate zeolite is aggregate, itself and powder admixtion is mixed manufacturing lightweight green compact, to suppress volumetric shrinkage and the blank deformation of base substrate temperature rise period in sintering process; Volumetric shrinkage in a large amount of liquid phase forming processes in the base substrate when utilizing zeolite simultaneously the character of foaming and intumescing suppressing to burn till in melting process, and regulate the proportion of the light foam ceramic tiles of finally burning till by regulating foaming agents content, make the ceramic veneer base substrate form the pore structure of holding one's breath in sintering process, obtaining proportion is 0.8-1.0g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent less than 1%, folding strength is the light foam ceramic tiles of 24-28MPa.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of light foam ceramic tiles, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1: with zeolite, diatomite, clay, calcium sulfate or sodium sulfate mix, zeolite and diatomaceous mass ratio are 8: 1-8: 4, the mass ratio of zeolite and clay is 16: 1-16: 8, the mass ratio of zeolite and sodium sulfate is 80: 1-80: 5, the mass ratio of zeolite and calcium sulfate is 100: 1-100: 5, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding weight is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of zeolite weight 5%, this polyvinyl alcohol solution concentration is 5%, add entry then and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass percent that tails over up to 10000-hole sieve is 0.2-0.4%, and slurry is dried the water ratio mass percent is 20-40%, obtains the powder admixtion;
Step 2: with powder admixtion and granularity is the zeolite granular mixing of 0.097-1.0mm, and the mass ratio of powder admixtion and zeolite granular is 4: 1-1: 1, then at the forming under the pressure of 3-6MPa, obtain the lightweight green compact;
Step 3: the resulting green compact of above-mentioned steps are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, be incubated 1 hour, then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1200～1260 ℃ then, and at last 1200～1260 ℃ of insulations, soaking time is 1-2h, and insulation back furnace cooling obtains light foam ceramic tiles of the present invention.
The present invention makes light ceramic and forefathers at zeolite to utilize clay, feldspar to make on the technical foundation of foamed ceramics face brick to grow up, utilize zeolite and diatomite light-weight characteristics, make light foam ceramic tiles.Its originality has two aspects; the first utilizes zeolite to make green compact for main raw material; and adding diatomite alleviates the green compact quality; make light foam ceramic tiles by the method for burning till; its two be will the light powder admixtion and zeolite granular mix back compacting green compact, be the distortion that aggregate suppresses the volume change of porcelain base in sintering process and brings therefrom with the zeolite granular.According to law of Archimedes, utilize the fluid removal method to measure, the proportion that obtains light foam ceramic tiles is 0.8-1.0g/cm
3. utilize model to measure for the ceramic tile water-intake rate vacuum unit of CXK and obtain the water-intake rate mass percent less than 1%, utilize model to measure for the nonmetal thin plate bending test of FZS-5000 digital display machine, the folding strength of ceramic veneer is 24 ~ 28MPa.
Ceramic veneer of the present invention is used in the exterior wall of buildings, can play good heat insulating effect, also can alleviate the weight of exterior wall surface, reduces the probability that the exterior wall ceramic veneer comes off too greatly because of deadweight.Thereby, be expected to have vast market prospect.
Embodiment
Example 1, zeolite, diatomite, clay, sodium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 50g, clay are 50g, sodium sulfate 5g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.34%, and being baked to the water ratio mass percent is 20%, obtains the powder admixtion; The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 4: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 3MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact; The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1200 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind insulation 2h under 1200 ℃, and obtaining proportion is 0.97g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.20% light foam ceramic tiles, the ceramic veneer folding strength is 28MPa.
Example 2, zeolite, diatomite, clay, sodium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 200g, clay 25g, sodium sulfate 25g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.26%, and being baked to the water ratio mass percent is 40%, obtains the powder admixtion; The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 1: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 6MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact; The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1220 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind 1220 ℃ of insulation 1h, and obtaining proportion is 0.81g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.95% lightweight foamed ceramic tile, the ceramic tile folding strength is 24MPa.
Example 3, zeolite, diatomite, clay, sodium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 100g, clay 200g, sodium sulfate 15g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.29%, and drying the water ratio mass percent is 30%, obtains the powder admixtion.The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 2: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 4MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact.The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1260 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind insulation 2h under 1260 ℃, and obtaining proportion is 0.87g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.87% light foam ceramic tiles, folding strength is 25MPa.
Example 4, zeolite, diatomite, clay, calcium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 100g, clay 50g, calcium sulfate 20g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.37%, and drying the water ratio mass percent is 30%, obtains the powder admixtion; The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 3: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 4MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact; The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1240 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind insulation 2h under 1240 ℃, and obtaining proportion is 0.83g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.66% lightweight foamed ceramic tile, the ceramic tile folding strength is 24MPa.
Example 5, zeolite, diatomite, clay, calcium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 100g, clay 50g, calcium sulfate 10g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.26%, and drying the water ratio mass percent is 25%, obtains the powder admixtion; The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 2: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 4MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact; The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1240 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind insulation 1.5h under 1240 ℃, and obtaining proportion is 0.90g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.77% lightweight foamed ceramic tile, the ceramic tile folding strength is 26MPa.
Example 6, zeolite, diatomite, clay, calcium sulfate are mixed, zeolite 400g, diatomite 100g, clay 50g, calcium sulfate 4g, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding 20g concentration is 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, add water and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass ratio that tails over up to the 10000-hole sieve of slurry is 0.31%, and drying the water ratio mass percent is 25%, obtains the powder admixtion; The zeolite granular that with powder admixtion and granularity is 0.097～1.0mm mixes with 2: 1 mass ratio, then at the forming under the pressure of 5MPa, obtains the lightweight green compact; The green compact that obtain are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, is incubated 1 hour, and then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1240 ℃ then, furnace cooling behind insulation 2h under 1240 ℃, and obtaining proportion is 0.95g/cm
3, the water-intake rate mass percent is 0.86% lightweight foamed ceramic tile, the ceramic tile folding strength is 27MPa.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of light foam ceramic tiles is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: with zeolite, diatomite, clay, calcium sulfate or sodium sulfate mix, zeolite and diatomaceous mass ratio are 8: 1-8: 4, the mass ratio of zeolite and clay is 16: 1-16: 8, the mass ratio of zeolite and sodium sulfate is 80: 1-80: 5, the mass ratio of zeolite and calcium sulfate is 100: 1-100: 5, after above-mentioned raw materials pressed proportion ingredient, adding weight is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of zeolite weight 5%, this polyvinyl alcohol solution concentration is 5%, add entry then and carry out wet ball grinding, the mass percent that tails over up to 10000-hole sieve is 0.2-0.4%, and slurry is dried the water ratio mass percent is 20-40%, obtains the powder admixtion;
Step 2: with powder admixtion and granularity is the zeolite granular mixing of 0.097-1.0mm, and the mass ratio of powder admixtion and zeolite granular is 4: 1-1: 1, then at the forming under the pressure of 3-6MPa, obtain the lightweight green compact;
Step 3: the resulting green compact of above-mentioned steps are burnt till by following temperature schedule: the heat-up rate with 2 ℃/min is warmed up to 150 ℃ from room temperature, be incubated 1 hour, then the heat-up rate with 3 ℃/min is warmed up to 500 ℃, and the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min is warmed up to 1000 ℃ again; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 1200～1260 ℃ then, and at last 1200～1260 ℃ of insulations, soaking time is 1-2h, and insulation back furnace cooling obtains light foam ceramic tiles of the present invention.
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| CNB2006100010634A CN1317232C (en) | 2006-01-18 | 2006-01-18 | Lightweight foamed ceramic tile preparation method |
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| CN101875556B (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2012-07-04 | 北京工业大学 | Light ceramic tiles and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN102515678B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-12-26 | 湖北格林森新型建材科技有限公司 | Algae calcium compound material, decorative panel and production method |
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| CN1003654B (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1989-03-22 | 波利顿股份公司 | Method for producing metallic lead by direct lead-smelting |
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