CN1315912C - Block copolyamide and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Block copolyamide and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1315912C CN1315912C CNB200510012842XA CN200510012842A CN1315912C CN 1315912 C CN1315912 C CN 1315912C CN B200510012842X A CNB200510012842X A CN B200510012842XA CN 200510012842 A CN200510012842 A CN 200510012842A CN 1315912 C CN1315912 C CN 1315912C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a copolyamide and a preparing method thereof, particularly to a block copolyamide and a preparing method thereof. The present invention solves the problems of high cost of nylon resin, rebound resilience under low temperatures and poor flexibility existing in the prior art. The present invention has the structure shown as the structural formula and is formed by the copolymerization of prepolymers corresponding to monomers which can be prepared by using one group of 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 12-amino lauric acid and 6-amino acetic acid or caprolactam, amino acetic acid, amino butyric acid and 8-amino octanoic acid or octane lactam and 9-amino nonanoic acid or nonane lactam and 10-amino caprate or quinane lactam, 11-aminoundecanoic acid and dodecylactam or 12-amino lauric acid and 14-amino myristic acid. The block copolyamide and the preparing method thereof make nylon resin products diversified, reduce the cost, improve the performance and make the nylon resin products practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copolyamide and preparation method thereof, specifically is a kind of block copolyamide and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polymeric amide is commonly called as nylon, has excellent characteristic and is widely used and fields such as automobile, electronics.Particularly have the general general character and the good comprehensive performances of polymeric amide based on the Ni Long11 of 11-aminoundecanoic acid or the nylon 12 of dodecanoic lactam or 12, has unique physicochemical property again, little as relative density, the influence that mechanical property is absorbed water is little, and shock strength is good at low temperatures.But costing an arm and a leg of Ni Long11 or nylon 12 the more important thing is that not adding softening agent just can not make flexible pipe, and gasoline is the good solvent of softening agent, thus nylon in a single day run into gasoline will sex change, and can't normally use.The alloy or the multipolymer of normally several different nylon of business-like nylon, the purpose for preparing these mixed type nylon resins are to improve wherein a kind of performance of the nylon as main component, but usually to lose other performance as cost.CN1214349 discloses the method (having any different with the present invention) that a kind of mixture polycondensation that is made of dodecanoic lactam or 12 and 11-aminoundecanoic acid prepares copolyamide on performance, US4507465 has described a kind of lactan/poly-hydroxy block polymer and preparation method thereof, US4485213 has described a kind of preparation method of high-impact block copolyamide, and it is that ω-lactan obtains by anionoid polymerization under the condition that a kind of prepolymer polymerization accelerator exists.A kind of improved block copolyamide preparation method is disclosed among the EP1141023.EP355017A2 has described a kind of method for preparing block copolyamide, promptly makes prepolymer with diamine and the polycondensation of binary lipid acid, drops into a kind of monomer of polyamide again and prepares segmented copolymer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is higher in order to solve the nylon resin cost that exists in the prior art, and the low temperature rebound resilience provides a kind of block copolyamide and preparation method thereof with flexible poor problem.
The molecular formula of block copolyamide of the present invention is as follows:
Wherein, a=2,4,6,8,9,10,11,12,14; B=11 or 12; C=2,4,6,8,9,10,11,12,14; x
1=1-100, y
1=0-200, x
2=1-100, y
2=1-100, x
3=1-100, y
3=0-200, wherein a ≠ b ≠ c; y
1, y
3Be not zero simultaneously.
The preparation method of block copolyamide of the present invention comprises the preparation of prepolymer and segmented copolymer,
1., the preparation of nylon prepolymer: in a kind of monomer and deionized water adding autoclave by its weight 5～50%, emptying gas, and airtightly be heated to 170～190 ℃ again to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～3 hour, environmental stress again reduces pressure, post-heating to 220～230 ℃, vacuumized 0.5～2 hour, and replenished nitrogen or rare gas element during discharging, obtain prepolymer.The number-average molecular weight of nylon prepolymer is between 500-10000.
2., the preparation of segmented copolymer, a kind of prepolymer of above-mentioned steps preparation is added in the stirring-type polymerization reactor with the deionized water that another kind of or several prepolymers mix and add described mixture weight 5～50%, emptying gas 3～5 times, be heated to 170～240 ℃ to reactor is airtight, to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～4 hour, venting was decompressed to environmental stress under the condition of autogenous pressure, reheat to 210～270 ℃ further reaction, after vacuumized 0.5～5 hour, reaction is finished.When discharging, replenish nitrogen or rare gas element as required.At the front-seat air of reaction can mainly be for air being drained only, preventing side reaction with nitrogen or rare gas element.Vacuumizing mainly is for the deionized water that adds is drained, and avoids the existence of water is arranged in the product and the performance that influences product.170～230 ℃ of its melting ranges, limiting viscosity is between 1.1～2.5.
The monomer that above-mentioned steps is chosen in 1. can be its corresponding prepolymer of any system in Padil, aminobutyric acid, 6-aminocaprolc acid or hexanolactam, 8-aminocaprylic acid or octane lactan, 9 aminononanoic acid or nonane lactan, the amino certain herbaceous plants with big flowers acid of 10-or certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkane lactan, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanoic lactam or 12, the amino TETRADECONIC ACID of 14-.
The preparation method of block copolyamide of the present invention is preferably as follows step:
1., the preparation of nylon prepolymer: in a kind of monomer and deionized water adding autoclave by its weight 5～50%, emptying gas, and airtightly be heated to 170～190 ℃ again to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～3 hour, environmental stress again reduces pressure, post-heating to 220～230 ℃, vacuumized 0.5～2 hour, and replenished nitrogen or rare gas element during discharging.Obtain prepolymer.
The monomer that above-mentioned steps is chosen in 1. can be the 11-aminoundecanoic acid, dodecanoic lactam or 12 (PA12) and hexanolactam or 6-aminocaprolc acid (PA6), Padil, aminobutyric acid, 8-aminocaprylic acid or octane lactan, 9 aminononanoic acid or nonane lactan, amino certain herbaceous plants with big flowers acid of 10-or certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkane lactan, its corresponding prepolymer Ni Long11 (PA11) of any system in the amino TETRADECONIC ACID of 14-, prepolymer nylon 12 (PA12), prepolymer nylon 6 (PA6), prepolymer nylon 2 (PA2), prepolymer nylon 4 (PA4), prepolymer nylon 8 (PA8), prepolymer nylon 9 (PA9), prepolymer nylon 10 (PA10).
2., the preparation of segmented copolymer, the deionized water that mixes and add described mixture weight 5～50% by the prepolymer Ni Long11 that mixes back gross weight 1%～99% or prepolymer nylon 12 and other prepolymer nylon of 99～1% that above-mentioned steps is prepared into is put into the stirring-type polymerization reactor, emptying gas 4～5 times, be heated to 180～190 ℃ to reactor is airtight, under the condition of autogenous pressure to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 1～2 hour, venting is decompressed to environmental stress, reheat to 230～240 ℃ further reaction, after vacuumized 2～3 hours, reaction is finished.When discharging, replenish nitrogen or rare gas element as required.
Block copolyamide of the present invention is the block copolyamide that contains two or more polymeric amide copolymerization formation, 180～220 ℃ of melting ranges.Limiting viscosity is between 1.1～2.5.
Block copolyamide has been carried out above research, and preparation technology's method provided by the present invention and block copolyamide goods compared with prior art have the following advantages:
1, preparation technology is fully easy, and it utilizes the polymeric kettle polymerization fully.Converging operation is convenient, and easy access can reach desired polymerization temperature fully.The polymeric capacity is big, is convenient to mass production, can make polymerization, pelletizing integrated, makes things convenient for its industrialized realization.
2, the monomer 11-aminoundecanoic acid of our employed raw material Ni Long11, and the main raw material of production 11-aminoundecanoic acid is a Viscotrol C, Viscotrol C and methyl alcohol reaction generate the Viscotrol C methyl esters, get undecylenic acid and enanthaldehyde through cracking, vacuum fractionation again.Undecylenic acid adds Hydrogen bromide and generates 11 bromination undeeanoic acids in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, be converted into aminoundecanoic acid with ammonia react then.And China is Viscotrol C big producing country, thereby uses 11-aminoundecanoic acid ideal, is easy to get.
3, the present invention does not add any auxiliary agent in preparation process, can add oxidation inhibitor, coupling agent etc. in the preparation yet, makes the physicals of block polymer more excellent.
4, prepared block copolyamide of the present invention and preparation method thereof can make the single Ni Long11 of modification or 12, make the product diversification of Ni Long11 or 12 by copolymerization, reduced cost, improved performance, made its more practical (wherein the performance measurement of portioned product is seen shown in the specific embodiment).
Preparation-obtained block copolymerization PA6/11, block copolymerization PA11/12, block copolymerization PA6/11/12 etc., the performance of product can obtain certain raising aspect different, as tensile strength or shock strength, water-absorbent, or the like.Because at present, the nylon of one-component far can not satisfy demands of applications, by the modification by copolymerization product performance with to reduce production costs be the valid approach that Application Areas was developed new product, widened to nylon.The block copolymerization modification makes the product diversification of nylon, has reduced production cost, has also widened the application of nylon, adapts to people's living needs.
Preparation-obtained block copolyamide can be used for making the various flexible pipes and the spiral tube of devices such as fuel transfer system in the automobile, breaking system, clutch coupling, air-conditioning; Also can be widely used as petroleum transportation pipeline and gas line in addition.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1,
The preparation of block copolymerization PA611:
With hexanolactam (PA6) is raw material, and the deionized water of monomer and 5-50wt% (by monomer weight) is added in the stirred autoclave, and the feeding quantity of polymeric kettle is no more than still volumetrical 2/3.Get rid of in the polymeric kettle air 4-5 time with nitrogen replacement, heating, arrive 190 ℃ in temperature, under the autogenous pressure condition reactant was carried out pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation 2 hours, exhaust decompression is heated to 220 ℃ and vacuumized 60 minutes to environmental stress, according to the practical viscosity inflated with nitrogen discharging of reaction product, through tank cooling, pelletizing, make the PA6 prepolymer.
The PA6 prepolymer is handled,, can be utilized boiling water to remove wherein unreacted caprolactam monomer, be about to product and put in a certain amount of water, boil, keep taking out after 30 minutes the PA6 prepolymer because caprolactam monomer is water-soluble.Remainder water solution can be continued the extraction caprolactam monomer.
Nylon 6 prepolymer reaction formulas following (containing hexanolactam hydrolysis process and polycondensation process):
(1) open loop
(2) condensation
(3) addition
With 11-aminoundecanoic acid (PA11) is raw material, the deionized water of monomer and 5-50wt% (by monomer weight) is added in the stirred autoclave, with the identical experimental procedure of preparation PA6 prepolymer, waiting intensification to reach 230 ℃ and vacuumizing 60 minutes, discharging obtains the PA11 prepolymer again.Adopt the treatment process purification PA11 prepolymer the same with the PA6 prepolymer.
PA11 performed polymer copolycondensation formula is as follows:
PA6 prepolymer and the PA11 prepolymer deionized water by proportioning shown in the table 1 and 5-50wt% (by mixture weight) is added in the stirred autoclave, behind nitrogen replacement 4-5 time, be heated to 190 ℃, pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation is 2 hours under the autogenous pressure condition, exhaust is depressurized to environmental stress, be heated to 230 ℃ and vacuumize and carried out copolycondensation 2 hours,, prepare block copolymerization PA6/11 through tank cooling, pelletizing according to the discharging of practical situation inflated with nitrogen.
Block copolymerization PA611 copolycondensation formula is as follows:
The preparation technology and the physicals thereof of block copolyamide are listed in table 2.
Table 1
Continuous table 1
Table 2
Continuous table 2
Reference examples 1
Add caprolactam monomer equally according to the preparation process of embodiment 1 and prepare nylon 6 prepolymers, but the pumpdown time was respectively 80 minutes and 100 minutes.
The ratio of the preparation of Ni Long11 prepolymer, two kinds of prepolymers, polymerization technique and process are identical with embodiment 1, and the physicals test result of prepared block copolyamide is shown in continuous table 2.
Embodiment 2,
The preparation of block copolymerization PA11/12:
With 11-aminoundecanoic acid (PA11), 12 (PA12) and deionized water is raw material, stirred autoclave with 10L, the preparation process of embodiment 1 is pressed in the polymerization of oligopolymer can smooth implementation, and the proportioning of prepolymer in the block copolyamide, polymerizing condition are identical with embodiment 1 with process.
The physicals of the molecular weight of prepolymer and prepared block copolymerization PA11/12 is as shown in the table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 3,
The preparation of block copolymerization PA6/11/12:
With hexanolactam (PA6), 11-aminoundecanoic acid (PA11), 12 9 (PA12) and deionized water is raw material, stirred autoclave with 10L, the preparation process of embodiment 1 is pressed in the polymerization of oligopolymer can smooth implementation, and the polymerizing condition of block copolyamide and process and embodiment are 1 identical, the proportioning of prepolymer is as shown in table 4 in the block copolyamide.
Table 4
The physicals of prepared block copolymerization PA6/11/12 and the molecular weight of prepolymer are shown by table 5.
Table 5
Embodiment 4,
The preparation of block copolymerization PA6/12:
With hexanolactam (PA6), 12 9 (PA12) and deionized water is raw material, stirred autoclave with 10L, the preparation process of embodiment 1 is pressed in the polymerization of oligopolymer can smooth implementation, and the polymerizing condition of block copolyamide and process and embodiment are 1 identical, the proportioning of prepolymer is as shown in table 6 in the block copolyamide.
The physicals test result of prepared block copolyamide is shown in continuous table 7
Table 6
Table 7
Claims (5)
1, a kind of preparation method of block copolyamide is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1., the preparation of nylon prepolymer: in a kind of monomer and deionized water adding autoclave by its weight 5～50%, emptying gas, and airtightly be heated to 170～190 ℃ again to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～3 hour, environmental stress again reduces pressure, post-heating to 220～230 ℃, vacuumized 0.5～2 hour, and replenished nitrogen or rare gas element during discharging.Obtain prepolymer;
2., the preparation of segmented copolymer, a kind of prepolymer of above-mentioned steps preparation is added in the stirring-type polymerization reactor with the deionized water that another kind of or several prepolymers mix and add described mixture weight 5～50%, emptying gas 3～5 times, be heated to 170～240 ℃ to reactor is airtight, to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～4 hour, venting was decompressed to environmental stress under the condition of autogenous pressure, reheat to 210～270 ℃ further reaction, after vacuumized 0.5～5 hour, reaction is finished.When discharging, replenish nitrogen or rare gas element as required.
2, the preparation method of block copolyamide according to claim 1 is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1., the preparation of nylon prepolymer: in a kind of monomer and deionized water adding autoclave by its weight 5～50%, emptying gas, and airtightly be heated to 170～190 ℃ again to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5～3 hour, environmental stress again reduces pressure, post-heating to 220～230 ℃, vacuumized 0.5～2 hour, and replenished nitrogen or rare gas element during discharging.Obtain prepolymer;
Monomer is its corresponding prepolymer Ni Long11, prepolymer nylon 12, prepolymer nylon 6, prepolymer nylon 2, prepolymer nylon 4, prepolymer nylon 8, prepolymer nylon 9, the prepolymer nylon 10 of any system in 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 12 and 6-aminocaprolc acid, Padil, aminobutyric acid, 8-aminocaprylic acid or octane lactan, 9 aminononanoic acid or nonane lactan, 10-amino certain herbaceous plants with big flowers acid or certain herbaceous plants with big flowers alkane lactan, the amino TETRADECONIC ACID of 14-
2., the preparation of segmented copolymer, the deionized water that mixes and add described mixture weight 5～50% by the prepolymer Ni Long11 that mixes back gross weight 99%～1% or prepolymer nylon 12 and other prepolymer nylon of 99%～1% that above-mentioned steps is prepared into is put into the stirring-type polymerization reactor, emptying gas 4～5 times, be heated to 180～190 ℃ to reactor is airtight, under the condition of autogenous pressure to reactant heat-insulation pressure keeping 1～2 hour, venting is decompressed to environmental stress, reheat to 230～240 ℃ further reaction, after vacuumized 2～3 hours, reaction is finished.When discharging, replenish nitrogen or rare gas element as required.
3, block copolyamide according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the number-average molecular weight of nylon prepolymer is between 500-10000.
4, block copolyamide according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the limiting viscosity of block copolyamide is between 1.1-2.5.
5, block copolyamide according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fusing point of block copolyamide is between 170-230 ℃.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011132456A1 (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-10-27 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | Polyamide compound |
| CN103497329B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-03-09 | 东莞市意普万尼龙科技股份有限公司 | A kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104031265B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-09 | 东莞市意普万尼龙科技股份有限公司 | A kind of copolymerization transparent nylon and preparation method thereof |
| WO2016042045A1 (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-24 | Rhodia Operations | Method for synthesising amino esters and polyamides |
| CN104213240A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-17 | 海安县华荣化纤有限公司 | Preparation method of heat-resisting and oxidization-resisting nylon 6 chemical fibers |
| CN104530420B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-10-26 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of synthetic method of 6-aminocaprolc acid-gamma aminobutyric acid copolymeric material |
| CN111072953B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-09-23 | 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 | Method for the continuous production of lactam copolymers |
| CN114917856B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-12-19 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Process system and method for preparing nylon 11 by polymerizing 11-aminoundecanoic acid |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268149A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2000-09-27 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | Process for preparing polyamides |
| CN1346378A (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2002-04-24 | Dsm有限公司 | Process for the preparation of polyamide granules |
| CN1242387A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2000-01-26 | 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 | Method for preparing biodegradable polyester-amide |
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