CN103497329B - A kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof, the method by the salt of monomer A hexanolactam, monomers B hexanodioic acid, hexanediamine or polyamide 66, monomer C and monomer D molecular weight higher than 1000 the four kinds of common polycondensations of composition of polyamide prepolymer aggressiveness and generate nylon copolymer, there is compared with conventional nylon 6, nylon66 fiber and nylon copolymer the more excellent over-all properties being adapted to the extensive market requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polymeric amide technical field, particularly, relate to a kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polymeric amide (PA, be commonly called as nylon) have that excellent mechanical property, oilness and rub resistance are good, fusing point is high, the advantage such as stable to chemical reagent (except strong acid, highly basic), heat-resisting good, electrical insulating property and weathering resistance, be the engineering plastics that output is maximum, purposes is the widest in the world, be widely used in the fields such as automotive industry, electronic apparatus industry, transportation, machine industry, electric wire communications industry, packaging and articles for daily use.But polymeric amide also exists the shortcomings such as shock strength is low, opaque, poorly soluble under dry state or low temperature, which has limited its application.
For this reason, people wish to carry out modification to polymeric amide, improve its physical strength, elasticity, plasticity, flexibility, second-order transition temperature, degree of plasticification, fusing point, resistance toheat, properties of transparency, solubility property, dyeing behavior, surface property, water absorbing properties, dimensional stability etc.Wherein, copolycondensation method has the features such as technique is simple, excellent effect, and development rapidly.According to the difference of copolymer structure, modified technique can be divided into: random copolymerization, block/short block copolymerization, graft copolymerization and alternating copolymerization etc.
The domestic and international most study of wherein random copolymerization technique, for being synthesized by different methods by the monomer of band different functional groups, but different functional groups and same functional group often different in the reactive behavior of different polymerizing condition, thus cause the difference of speed of reaction and product structure.The performance of random copolymers is the neutralization of each component property to a certain extent, thus makes performance diversified not, can not meet the needs of more extensive occasion.On the contrary, block copolymerization can by the performance regulating the composition of each segment, length, block number and aggregation structure to adjust product, with the requirement of satisfied different occasion, therefore block is widely used in polyamide modified, the synthesis of especially high performance polymeric amide.
Preparation block copolymerization acid amide mainly contains three operational paths: lactan or amino acid whose multistep processes active anionic polymerization; The acid amides permutoid reaction of equal polycondensation prepolymer melting mixing; The solid state condensation of equal polycondensation prepolymer, but these three equal existing defects of route.Adopt anionoid polymerization and acid amides permutoid reaction, product composition changes with level of response, be mainly homopolymer in the early stage, thereafter a certain amount of block polymer will be generated, to the mixture be made up of random copolymers, segmented copolymer and homopolymer be become when level of response is high again, be therefore difficult to synthesize segmented copolymer completely by these methods.Though adopt solid state condensation can improve to some extent to above problem, there is the defects such as speed of response is slow, plant factor is low, the crystallization aftertreatment trouble of product and be difficult to carry out suitability for industrialized production.In addition, when adopting anionoid polymerization synthesis block copolyamide, the selection of activation system is very important to raising block concentration.Marek etc., with containing the polymerization of bit-type low molecular weight aromatic polymeric amide between N-acidylate hexanamide terminal group for activator initiation hexanolactam, finally obtain the product that segmented copolymer content is higher.Stehlicek etc. have studied PA6-b-12 copolymerization system; low-molecular-weight nylon 12 and N-benzoyl-laurolactam are carried out acidolysis reaction and obtains activator; cause the polymerization of hexanolactam again, in its product, the content of segmented copolymer can up to 88.9%-98%.
In block copolyamide, the phase structure of each component is large to the performance impact of goods, and the factor affecting phase structure is a lot, as chemical constitution, reaction conditions and complete processing etc.Elllis etc. study discovery, and PA46/PA66 blend system exists macroface and is separated, even think that the close PA of structure is also incompatible.But when there is a small amount of segmented copolymer in above-mentioned system, consistency is improved greatly.Shu etc. find when studying the block copolymer systems of PA6 and aramid: no matter be that diblock system or many block copolymer systems all occur micron-scale phase separation, and form new crystal formation in many block copolymer systems.Ahn etc. find when studying the melt blending system of PA66 from semi-aromatic (being total to) polymeric amide: form different with adopted aliphatic dibasic acid, there is complicated change in consistency, and the Binary-phase Interaction Model of experimental result and ElliS is compared, find to there is certain deviation between the two.
Segment copolymerization method is mainly used in improving impact-resistance and high performance material.Raevskaya etc. obtain PA6-b-12 polymkeric substance by melt blending, flexible due to PA12, and degree of crystallinity is low, is amorphous phase, act as soft component, thus improve erosion-resisting characteristics in system.The acquisition of high performance material mainly realizes by introducing aromatic polyamide chain link, and this is also the high molecular important means of synthesis PA class liquid crystal type.Scheetz etc. have studied PA46 and PA6,66, the segmented copolymer of 610 etc., not only improve the impact-resistance of material, and solve the unmanageable difficulty of PA46.Wang etc. find when studying the block copolymer system of nylon 6 and aromatic series PA: have Tg and Tm of the material of block all to increase, thermostability improves, mechanical property strengthens, and many block copolymer systems are better than the improvement effect of three block copolymer systems, also may define new crystal formation in many block copolymer systems.Malcolm etc. select the PA of fatty six-ring and phenyl ring, have synthesized processibility preferably block copolymerization acid amide liquid crystal material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of nylon copolymer and preparation method thereof, the method generates nylon 6 by monomer A, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D tetra-kinds of common polycondensations of composition, 66 series copolymers, both containing a certain amount of random copolymers in this multipolymer, again containing a certain amount of segmented copolymer, compared with conventional nylon 6, nylon66 fiber and nylon copolymer, there is more excellent over-all properties.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 4-94%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 4-94%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 1-25%: containing aliphatics, alicyclic, aromatic monoprotic acid, diprotic acid, the polyprotonic acid of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing aliphatics, alicyclic, aromatic monoamine, diamine, the polyamine of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing aliphatics, alicyclic, aromatic monohydroxy-alcohol, dibasic alcohol, the polyvalent alcohol of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing amino acid more than 4 carbon;
Mass content is the monomer D of 1-30%: molecular weight higher than 1000 polyamide prepolymer aggressiveness.
Described monomer C is SL-AH or m-phthalic acid.
Described monomer C is 12 carbon diamine or benzidines.
Described monomer C is pungent propylhomoserin.
Described monomer C is decanediol.
Described monomer D: molecular weight higher than 1000 polyamide 6 performed polymer, polyamide 66 performed polymer or polyamide 610 performed polymer.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer, comprises the steps:
By monomer A, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D drops into and automatically controls polymeric kettle with agitator, under the pressure, 220-320 DEG C temperature of 1-27bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon 6,66 multipolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: nylon copolymer of the present invention and preparation method thereof, by single step reaction by monomer A, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D tetra-kinds of common polycondensations of composition, generate not only containing random copolymers, but also nylon copolymer containing segmented copolymer, method is simple, product has the low and good stability of the dimension of the good transparency, excellent mechanical property, water-intake rate, has the more excellent over-all properties being adapted to the extensive market requirement compared with conventional nylon 6, nylon66 fiber and nylon copolymer.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 40%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 40%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 5%: SL-AH.
Mass content is the monomer D of 15%: molecular weight is nylon 6 performed polymer of 5000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 240-280 DEG C temperature of 5-10bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 1: get mass content be 50% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 50% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 1 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 35%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 35%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is monomer C: the ten two carbon diamine of 10%.
Mass content is the monomer D of 20%: molecular weight is the nylon66 fiber performed polymer of 3000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 250-280 DEG C temperature of 10-20bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 2: get mass content be 50% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 50% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 2 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 94%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 4%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 1%: m-phthalic acid.
Mass content is the monomer D of 1%: molecular weight is the polyamide 610 performed polymer of 5000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 240-260 DEG C temperature of 3-6bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 3: get mass content be 95% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 4% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 3 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 4%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 94%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 1%: benzidine.
Mass content is the monomer D of 1%: molecular weight is the polyamide 610 performed polymer of 4000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 270-285 DEG C temperature of 15-25bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 4: get mass content be 5% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 95% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 4 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 60%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 22%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 8%: pungent propylhomoserin.
Mass content is the monomer D of 10%: molecular weight is the nylon66 fiber performed polymer of 2000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 270-285 DEG C temperature of 15-28bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 5: get mass content be 60% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 40% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 5 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 20%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 60%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 5%: decanediol.
Mass content is the monomer D of 15%: molecular weight is the nylon66 fiber performed polymer of 5000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 270-285 DEG C temperature of 15-25bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 6: get mass content be 30% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 70% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 6 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 30%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 50%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 5%: SL-AH.
Mass content is the monomer D of 15%: molecular weight is the NYLON610 performed polymer of 5000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 270-285 DEG C temperature of 15-25bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 7: get mass content be 40% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 60% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 7 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 50%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 30%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 5%: m-phthalic acid.
Mass content is the monomer D of 15%: molecular weight is nylon 6 performed polymer of 3000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 260-280 DEG C temperature of 10-20bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 8: get mass content be 70% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 30% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 8 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of nylon copolymer, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 60%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 20%: the salt of hexanodioic acid monomer, hexanediamine monomer or polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 5%: benzidine.
Mass content is the monomer D of 15%: molecular weight is the nylon66 fiber performed polymer of 2000.
The preparation method of described nylon copolymer is as follows:
By the monomer A of described weight part, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D input controls polymeric kettle automatically with agitator, under the pressure, 260-280 DEG C temperature of 10-20bar, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, and after reaction completes, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
Comparative example 9: get mass content be 60% above-mentioned monomer A and mass content be 40% above-mentioned monomers B, adopt with embodiment 9 identical device, prepare nylon 6/66 copolymer finished product by identical technique under the same conditions.
In order to further illustrate the performance of book novel nylon multipolymer of the present invention, the performance of the present inventor to described nylon copolymer prepared by embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-9 detects, and detection method and detected result record are as following table.
Data in comparison sheet are known, conventional nylon 6/66 multipolymer of comparing, and novel nylon multipolymer fusing point of the present invention is high, better crystallinity degree, Tc and heat-drawn wire high, there is excellent mechanical property.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, its framework form can be flexible and changeable, can subseries product.Just make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
Claims (7)
1. a nylon copolymer, is characterized in that, is formed by each component polycondensation of following weight parts:
Mass content is the monomer A of 4-94%: hexanolactam;
Mass content is the monomers B of 4-94%: the salt of polyamide 66;
Mass content is the monomer C of 1-25%: containing aliphatics, alicyclic, the aromatic diprotic acid of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing aliphatics, alicyclic, the aromatic diamine of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing aliphatics, alicyclic, the aromatic dibasic alcohol of aliphatics more than 4 carbon, alicyclic, aromatic series or band side base; Or
Containing amino acid more than 4 carbon;
Mass content is the monomer D of 1-30%: molecular weight higher than 1000 polyamide prepolymer aggressiveness.
2. nylon copolymer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monomer C is SL-AH or m-phthalic acid.
3. nylon copolymer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monomer C is 12 carbon diamine or benzidines.
4. nylon copolymer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monomer C is pungent propylhomoserin.
5. nylon copolymer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monomer C is decanediol.
6. nylon copolymer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described monomer D be molecular weight higher than 1000 polyamide 6 performed polymer, polyamide 66 performed polymer or polyamide 610 performed polymer.
7. the preparation method of the nylon copolymer as described in any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
By monomer A, monomers B, monomer C and monomer D drop into and automatically control polymeric kettle with agitator, and at the temperature of the pressure of 1-27bar, 220-320 DEG C, carry out polycondensation dehydration reaction, after reaction reaches design requirements, nitrogen injection discharges the moisture that reaction generates; And then copolymer nylon melt is discharged in pressurization, melt is shaping by die head Cast Strip, forms described nylon copolymer finished product finally by cooling and dicing.
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| CN104031264B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-05-25 | 东莞市意普万尼龙科技股份有限公司 | A kind of copolymerization transparent nylon and preparation method thereof |
| CN104031265B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-09 | 东莞市意普万尼龙科技股份有限公司 | A kind of copolymerization transparent nylon and preparation method thereof |
| CN109265678B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-07-06 | 中仑塑业（福建）有限公司 | Polyamide resin, preparation method thereof and molded product |
| CN112011175A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-01 | 广州辰东新材料有限公司 | Metallic copolymerized nylon modified material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3542745A (en) * | 1968-10-29 | 1970-11-24 | Monsanto Co | Terpolyamides useful in preparing textile fibers consisting essentially of nylon 66,nylon 6,and nylon 2-6ia |
| US5422418A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1995-06-06 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Polyamides and objects obtained from them |
| CN1746208A (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2006-03-15 | 中北大学 | Block copolyamide and preparation thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3542745A (en) * | 1968-10-29 | 1970-11-24 | Monsanto Co | Terpolyamides useful in preparing textile fibers consisting essentially of nylon 66,nylon 6,and nylon 2-6ia |
| US5422418A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1995-06-06 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Polyamides and objects obtained from them |
| CN1746208A (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2006-03-15 | 中北大学 | Block copolyamide and preparation thereof |
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