CN1315275C - System for monitoring and diagnosing statas and faults of devices in mobile working machine cluster based on network - Google Patents
System for monitoring and diagnosing statas and faults of devices in mobile working machine cluster based on network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1315275C CN1315275C CNB021467498A CN02146749A CN1315275C CN 1315275 C CN1315275 C CN 1315275C CN B021467498 A CNB021467498 A CN B021467498A CN 02146749 A CN02146749 A CN 02146749A CN 1315275 C CN1315275 C CN 1315275C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a system for monitoring device states and diagnosing faults based on a network mobile working machine group, particularly to a platform of a device monitoring and diagnosing system based on a distribution and delamination type mobile operation machine group of a global system for mobile communication (GSM) / general packet radio service (GPRS) network. A system for monitoring device states and diagnosing faults of a machine group combined with centralized monitoring, diagnostic analysis and decentralized monitoring and operation is arranged between the unified management and the single machine operation. Each single machine is provided with an intelligent monitoring and diagnosing subsystem, and is connected with a mobile communication module. The upper layer of the whole machine group is a machine group monitoring and diagnosing center of a computer, and is connected with the mobile communication module. The present invention carries out data exchange through a GSM/GPRS wireless communication network, and then the distribution and delamination type monitoring and diagnosing system is formed. The present invention has the advantage of easy construction, low cost, strong practicability, high reliability and wide application range, generally and accurately reports operating states of the mobile operation machine group in real time, particularly fault diagnosis of abnormal phenomenon of the single machine device discovered by field operators in time, and solve the problem that fault diagnosis expert systems are utilized on mobile operation devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine-building and automatic technology, equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology field, particularly a kind of based on network mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system.It is object with equipment and colony thereof that equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology are one, is based upon the comprehensive cross discipline on the modern science and technology bases such as detection technique, message transmission, signal processing, identification theory, artificial intelligence, expert system, forecast decision-making.
Technical background
Modern large-scale basis Facilities Construction is the production process by many kinds, most amount engineering construction mechanical execution group of planes work compounds.Construction enterprises have proposed more and more higher requirement to fail safe, the reliability of equipment operation on the basis of pursuing efficiency of construction and construction cost.Because the uncertainty of the complexity of engineering machinery structure, construction load, the abominable of working environment cause the incidence of engineering machinery fault higher.Therefore, along with technological progress and big demand for development of producing, domestic and international project circle, business circles are more and more paid attention to status monitoring, the failure diagnosis of modern comfort, and status monitoring, the fault diagnosis technology of equipment are also constantly developed.Present engineering machinery prison is examined system type and is mainly contained following several:
(1) keypoint part on unit is provided with transducer, configuration electronic monitor (instrument), structure electronic supervisory system.Realize monitoring of working condition and carry out online fault alarm.
(2) electronic supervisory system is realized monitoring of working condition, fault alarm, and can store data, carries out communication with portable microcomputer (repeater) afterwards, realizes the off-line fault analysis and diagnosis.
(3), use the standard rule of the relation formation between engineering mechanical equipment fault pattern, sign and the reason in advance, but expertise knowledge etc. are configured to the diagnostic expert system of reasoning based on the fault diagnosis expert system of knowledge.Be applied to the overhaul of the equipments place, by the form of man-machine interaction, expert system is obtained failure symptom, carries out the off-line analysis diagnosis.
(4) be applied to the monitoring car of construction site, can realize status monitoring and intelligent trouble diagnosis, the function that prison is examined system can obtain bigger raising, and when implementing monitoring, diagnosing, construction equipment needs the suspension of engineering work operation.Several problems and main difficulty that above-mentioned achievement in research is used for the existence of a mobile operating group of planes are:
(1) electronic monitor mode.Only can monitor and overload alarm the state parameter of unit.Can not store data; Can not be further analyzed processing; Monitor can not collect the more equipment state information.
(2) form of portable microcomputer (repeater).The electronic monitoring data are entered into repeater, need manually carry repeater to office's analyzing and processing.Be a kind of diagnostic mode of off-line, real-time is poor, and the immesurable important information of the transducer that occurs in the equipment construction operation can not enter analytical system, has reduced diagnostic function.
(3) based on the microcomputer diagnostic expert system mode of knowledge.Influence construction operation, be not suitable for working at the construction field (site); Can not directly monitor the state information of plant equipment, be difficult to realize forecast mechanical breakdown.
(4) engineering machinery monitoring maintenance vehicle mode.The installation monitoring facilities that need stop during monitoring, diagnosing influences construction progress; And can not realize that the online equipment state of work progress monitors; Monitoring maintenance vehicle cost height is difficult to promote.
(5) above-mentioned achievement in research lacks the firsthand information of remote in-service monitoring and group of planes state only at unit, is difficult to the management and the Real-Time Scheduling of science that a group of planes is carried out.
Towards concrete engineering duty, construction machine is implemented condition monitoring and fault diagnosis, failure judgement type, reason, position, the order of severity, the research that aspects such as foundation are provided for the construction machine dispatching management is state-detection, fault diagnosis field frontier nature problem.The main difficulty (bottleneck) of its research and development is: the abominable of the complexity of engineering machinery structural complexity, fault cause, the mobility of operation, operational environment and prison examined the economy requirement of system, the work that makes foundation examine system based on the real-time intelligent prison of large database is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of based on network mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system.Realize the application of mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring and intelligent trouble diagnosis system.
Content of the present invention is: first, based on GSM/GPRS public mobile communication network, in conjunction with the construction management of a mobile operating group of planes and operation, the maintenance characteristics of plant equipment, the intellectuality prison that proposes mobile operating group of planes distributed-hierarchical formula is examined system architecture and system platform.
The second, propose to obtain the method for plant equipment state information in the mode of man-machine symbiosis, realize that this method supervises the structure and the principle of examining subsystem on plant equipment.
The technical scheme that adopts is: a kind of based on network mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is characterized by: it is based on the mobile operating group of planes equipment prison of the distributed-hierarchical formula of GSM/GPRS net and examines system architecture and system platform; Between unified management at the construction field (site) and single-set operation, control, maintenance, the adjustment working in dispersion, group of planes equipment condition monitoring, fault diagnosis system that structure concentrates supervision, diagnostic analysis to combine with decentralized supervision, operation;
(1) intelligence prison being set on every unit, to examine device be that unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem, and unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem and connected unit mobile communication module;
(2) group of planes prison that the computer that comprises expert system, database is set on whole group of planes upper strata is examined the center, and the group of planes prison center of examining connects upper system mobile communication module;
(3) by GSM/GPRS wireless communication networks, unit mobile communication module, upper system mobile communication module bottom unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem and examine the center calculation interconnect plane, carry out exchanges data, constitute the distributed-hierarchical formula and supervise the system of examining with upper strata group of planes prison;
Each unit is shared group of planes prison and is examined the same set of diagnostic expert system in center, with different databases, makes the management of group of planes equipment and single-set operation realize the real time monitoring equipment state, and obtains the treatment measures of safeguarding of equipment; Unit intelligence prison is examined each parameter operating condition that subsystem is wanted the real time monitoring unit, sends the indication of reporting to the police under the abnormal conditions; Simultaneously, also want to receive the dispatch command that send at the group of planes prison center of examining.
Described unit intelligence prison is examined the hardware platform that the unit intelligence prison of constructing in the man-machine symbiosis mode that subsystem hardware is based on embedded microprocessor is examined subsystem; On embedded microprocessor, connect:
Realize RS-232/CANbus interface with GSM/GPRS module serial communication;
Realize the I/O interface of engineering machinery state parameter sensor signal conversion;
Realize CANbus bus with the transmission of engineering machinery unit controller data;
Realize application software, the data upload/following USB port that passes;
Realize the typing of man-machine symbiosis failure symptom, receive keypad, display led and interface thereof that the upper strata prison is examined system command information;
Prison is examined the memory and the hard disk of systems soft ware and database.
The operational process of examining system based on GSM/GPRS net Engineering Machinery of Cluster prison is:
(1) to examine system as follows to the execution of the unit in group of planes monitoring, diagnosing flow process by touring scan mode for the prison computer prison of examining the center:
1. when gating equipment i, promptly state and the failure symptom information that receives this equipment by the GSM port is upstream data;
2. after system call data link protocol standard was decoded, the one tunnel sent monitor to show, monitors analysis for group of planes apparatus manager, and one the tunnel send diagnostic expert system, diagnosed, reasoning, analysis;
3. expert system is called knowledge base, database, man-machine interaction, and to the information analysis diagnosis, drawing diagnostic result is downlink data;
4. diagnostic result one tunnel send monitor to show, the one tunnel delivers on i the unit GSM port behind the data link protocol coding, instructs this equipment operation, has finished the prison of this equipment and has examined task;
5. counter adds 1 automatically, points to next device, repeats 1.～4. process, till the whole n platform of traversal group of planes equipment, thereby has finished the work that a prison is examined the cycle.
6. repeat 1.～5. process by the clock cycle, move in circles, go round and begin again, realized mobile operating group of planes condition monitoring and fault diagnosis task.
7. in system's running, the tension management person can intervene at any time, and selected certain the equipment i that is concerned about carries out the emphasis Stateful Inspection to this equipment.Prison is examined main system at running background.
(2) bottom unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem function composition, correlation and workflow
Bottom prison examine subsystem function by equipment working condition monitoring and fault alarm, artificial fault message input, state information sends and receive the upper strata prison examines 4 parts such as system information and form; Monitoring of working condition and fault alarm are the major functions that the bottom prison is examined, and multiple task real-time operation system RTOS can remain the real time execution of this module, and no matter whether other module triggers; It is as follows that bottom prison is examined the system works flow process:
1. stand-alone device monitoring of working condition and fault alarm
Under multiple task real-time operation system RTOS, the first floor system primary control program reads the sensor signal that directly monitors and comes from the indirect monitoring signal of RS232 or CANbus bus, on screen, show these state parameters, and with this machine data storehouse in corresponding normal condition parameter value relatively, if surpass prescribed limit, then start the fault alarm program, realize acousto-optic, literal, image alarm, remind the operator;
2. adopt the man-machine symbiosis mode, obtain status information of equipment;
The mode of status information of equipment is obtained in people-operator, machine-transducer cooperation jointly, and m is the transducer number that definite monitor signal is used after the analysis unit structural behaviour, and k can borrow the bottom prison to examine the transducer number of system in the control system.The prison system of the examining transducer number that need increase newly is m-k, and when k=0, that is: during the unit non control system, the required monitoring sensor of unit is all provided by the prison system of examining;
The keypad that the typing of operator's failure symptom is made up of display screen, several special operational key, handwriting input device, sign select the typing module to form;
Failure symptom selects the typing module to be made up of recording program and failure symptom database; Consider the convenient, fast, accurate of operator, recording program and failure symptom database all comprise system, parts, element composition according to the plant equipment hierarchical structure; When operator's discovering device is undesired, touch prison and examine the device keypad button, system is in observation process, constantly scan keypad, when receiving artificial input instruction, start " failure symptom recording program ", transfer " failure symptom database ", according to the possible failure symptom of form demonstration of tree.Judge, select, confirm for the operator; To the fault of typing not as yet in the database, adopt the mode of handwriting input, the scene is imported temporarily; For this new failure symptom, after first floor system passed to the upper strata, the knowledge that will be made new advances by domain expert's analytic induction was added in the expert system knowledge base, upgraded simultaneously " failure symptom database ";
3. the GSM/GPRS wireless data of status information of equipment sends
According to the gerentocratic requirement of upper system, determine the clock cycle T of up-downgoing data; By this clock, system will start " GSM/GPRS wireless data router ", the state information of finishing through monitoring facilities that derives from three aspects, according to upper base interlayer data link protocol, convert corresponding number to, be sent to upper system by transmit port by GSM/GPRS wireless data router.
4. receive the result that the upper strata prison system of examining transmits
First floor system is in real-time observation process, constantly scan GSM/GPRS Data Receiving port, when triggering signal, system will start " GSM/GPRS Data Receiving program " and receive the information that send on the upper strata, again according to data link protocol, convert the character string text to by " prison is examined result database ", on LED, show, instruct the Field Force that equipment is keeped in repair, adjusts.
Advantage that the present invention has and good effect:
(1) system is easy to structure, and is with low cost, practical, realized that fault diagnosis expert system is mobile operating applying mechanically.The reasons are as follows: 1. utilize parameter monitoring, the signal conversion unit of single bus borne control system, realize the collection of part machine performance information.2. examine in the subsystem at unit intelligence prison, solved obtaining of failure diagnosis information with the plain mode of man-machine symbiosis.3. utilize GSM/GPRS public mobile communication net to realize the remote-wireless communication of machine performance information, solved mobile operating machine performance transmission of Information.This net broad covered area, opening is strong, with low cost, data transmission rate is high.4. utilize the big capacity of computer, high-speed, multi-functional characteristics, set up group of planes fault diagnosis expert system, realize concentrated diagnosis, the analysis of group of planes equipment state.Tens of equipment of a construction work, the diagnostic expert system that only needs a cover to concentrate.
(2) high reliability.Unit intelligence prison based on microprocessing is examined device, and because of its capacity is little, simple in structure, present manufacturing technology has solved the integrity problem that mechanically bears adverse circumstances at mobile operating; Concentrated diagnostic system can place office environment; GSM/GPRS public mobile communication net reliability reaches a standard and improves constantly.Therefore the reliability that a whole set of prison is examined system is higher.
(3) scope of application is wide.The present invention is directed to the Device Diagnostic of road construction Engineering Machinery of Cluster and develop, but its technology contents and road construction engineering it doesn't matter, only relevant with structure, performance, the intelligent monitor system of construction machinery.The present invention is applicable to the group of planes (as: cubic metre of earth and stone construction work machinery, building machinery, mining machinery etc.) of other mobile operating constructions fully.
In a word, the present invention is in mode economic, reliable, that be easy to the engineering application, and structure group of planes prison is examined system.Report the improper phenomenon (fault examines million) of the stand-alone device that mobile operating group of planes running status, particularly execute-in-place person are in time found more comprehensively, accurately and real-time; Solved a difficult problem of on mobile operating equipment, utilizing fault diagnosis expert system; Realized online, real time fail diagnosis; For effective management of maintenance, scheduling and the engineering of construction machine provides foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on a GSM/GPRS group of planes and concentrates prison to examine the compartment system pie graph;
Fig. 2 is based on GSM/GPRS distributed-hierarchical intelligence prison and examines fabric in the system;
Fig. 3 is based on GSM/GPRS distributed-hierarchical prison and examines system's operational flow diagram;
Fig. 4 is that unit bottom intelligence prison is examined device and peripheral interface figure;
Fig. 5 is that the status information of equipment of man-machine symbiosis obtains;
Fig. 6 is a bottom monitoring diagnosis system workflow diagram;
Fig. 7 is based on the embedded hardware system assumption diagram of ARM7 framework.
Embodiment
At first construct Engineering Machinery of Cluster network prison and examine system of systems
First main points of the present invention are: examine system architecture and system platform based on GSM/GPRS mobile operating group of planes equipment prison net, the distributed-hierarchical formula.
Between manager's unified management at the construction field (site) (centralized direction, scheduling, coordination) and single-set operation person's the working in dispersion (operate, control, keep in repair, adjust), construct group of planes equipment condition monitoring, fault diagnosis system that concentrated (supervision, diagnostic analysis) and dispersion (monitor, operate) combine.As shown in Figure 1, the intelligence prison is set on every unit examines device (unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem), at a whole group of planes prison is set and examines the center, by the GSM/GPRS wireless communication networks unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem and examine central computer (expert system, database) with group of planes prison and network, carry out exchanges data, constitute the distributed-hierarchical formula and supervise the system of examining.Each unit is shared group of planes prison and is examined the same set of diagnostic expert system in center (different databases), makes manager and operator's energy real time monitoring equipment state of group of planes equipment, and obtains the treatment measures of safeguarding of equipment.
Construct based on the unit of microprocessor intelligence prison in the man-machine symbiosis mode and to examine subsystem
Second main points of the present invention are: propose to obtain in the mode of man-machine symbiosis the method for plant equipment state information, structure is examined subsystem based on the unit intelligence prison of microprocessor.
It is to set up the basis that group of planes equipment prison is examined system that the stand-alone device prison is examined subsystem.The mobile operating engineering machinery mainly is made up of dynamical system (engine), steering, drive system, braking system, equipment and electronic monitoring and control system etc.These systems are connected with element by the parts of machinery, electronics, hydraulic pressure, fluid power, realize the various functions of machinery, and obtain corresponding state parameters in the region of interest of machinery by transducer.Setting up unit intelligence prison, to examine subsystem be exactly the correlation behavior parameter that will monitor these systems in real time.
Set up prison and examine subsystem, at first will determine the content of status monitoring, concerning prison was examined the demand of center expert system, Jian Ce information was The more the better in theory, but on-the-spot realization and cost factor do not allow to do like this.This programme considers that unit intelligence prison examines subsystem and obtain the information of following three aspects with the method for transducer and non-transducer (people's perception), offers diagnostic expert system.
(1) utilize the control monitor signal of mobile operating plant equipment, construction machinery electronic monitoring systems is at carrying out such as engine, hydraulic system.These parameters that are used to control can reflection system part working condition.
(2) increase the characteristic parameter that is easy to measure in each system, characterize the machine abnormal conditions, as temperature, pressure, rotating speed etc.
(3) some important failure symptom can be judged with experience, as the engine over-emitting black exhaust, and gearbox shriek, phenomenons such as operating efficiency reduction, device operator can in time perceive intuitively, and is then relatively more difficult with sensor monitors.The failure symptom that the present invention makes full use of execute-in-place person's sense organ perceives is as another part state information of equipment state analysis, failure diagnosis.
Unit intelligence prison is examined each parameter operating condition that subsystem is wanted the real time monitoring unit, sends the indication of reporting to the police to the operator under the abnormal conditions.Simultaneously, also want to receive group of planes prison and examine the dispatch command that send at center (manager).
Distributed-hierarchical formula Engineering Machinery of Cluster prison based on GSM/GPRS net is examined system, and the intelligence of setting up on each unit prison examines subsystem, for mobile operating group of planes condition monitoring and fault diagnosis has been set up good system platform.Can be according to performance, structure, the operation characteristic of group of planes equipment, analysis of failure mechanism is determined failure cause, proposes solution, sets up database, knowledge base on computers, expert system.Thereby having solved engineering machinery is difficult to utilize expert system to implement the difficulty of on-line condition monitoring failure diagnosis.
" a mobile operating group of planes " lexical or textual analysis among the present invention:
(1) group of planes: refer to by many kinds, the most colony that engineering construction plant equipment (engineering machinery, building machinery etc.) are formed, the abbreviation group of planes measured.
(2) unit: each separate unit (cover) plant equipment in the group of planes is called for short unit.
(3) mobile operating: be meant that an engineering construction group of planes is in the construction operation process, the integral construction place is unfixing, as the expressway construction engineering along with construction schedule integral body is extended forward, and unit construction operation process is carried out in moving (complete machine motion), as most engineering machinery such as loading machine, road roller, pavers running gear being arranged all, is the walking Work machine.
Examine the distributed-hierarchical formula architecture of system based on GSM/GPRS net structure Engineering Machinery of Cluster prison
Distributed-hierarchical intelligence prison is examined bottom structure function and correlation in the system
The center expert system examined by the prison that cluster network prison is examined system and each unit intelligence prison is examined between the subsystem, on integral layout and function, system construction is become distributed frame, each unit intelligence prison is examined the subsystem emphasis and is finished obtaining of status information of equipment (fault signature signal), and prison is examined center expert system emphasis execution unit state and concentrating again of fault message handled.
From group of planes manager, single-set operation person's actual needs, the system of examining is divided into two levels from performance with group of planes prison, that is: upper strata (prison is examined the center expert system) and bottom (each unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem).Manager's requirement is satisfied on the upper strata, can monitor the operating condition of each unit at any time, and a situation arises to analyze, diagnose, forecast each unit fault, and send dispatch command to the single-set operation person, or the suggestion of maintenance of equipment, adjustment measure is provided.Bottom satisfies operator's requirement, and the operating condition of real time monitoring unit is sent the indication of reporting to the police to the operator under the abnormal conditions, and accepted the unusual condition (failure symptom) that the operator perceives.Further, receive group of planes prison and examine dispatch command or the suggestion that send at center (manager).The upper strata needs powerful analytic function, and bottom needs the fast reaction function.The processing cycle of considering the upper strata in the net structure is that minute level (as 1～2 minute) can satisfy manager's requirement under the computer configuration of less expensive and mobile communication speed, and the processing cycle of bottom is a few tens of milliseconds level.Mobile operating group of planes distributed-hierarchical intelligence prison is examined the last bottom structure-function relationship of system and is seen shown in Figure 2.
Message transmission on the cluster network prison is examined in the system between the bottom, adopt GSM or GPRS network media:
Adopt GSM digital mobile cellular telecommunication net as the data communication network media, realize point long-range (urban district, national transprovincially) data double-way real time communication to multiple spot.It is low that GSM has a communication cost, is not subjected to characteristics such as communication line and territorial restrictions, and easy to use, flexible, communication is quick etc., and speed is received/sent out to its short message: 160 bytes/time, the back response time that networks is about 0.2～1 second.For general construction work, Engineering Machinery of Cluster equipment is between 10～20, the time that diagnostic system itinerant monitor system each bottom prison in upper strata is examined system added to supervise and examines the center processing time requirement that focuses on that (second level) can satisfy network system about 10 second.
Adopt GPRS (general packet radio service) effect with better, operation cost will be lower, and along with the development of technology, the coverage rate of GPRS network will be more and more wider.GPRS is the mobile communication system of a kind of 2.5G of belonging to of growing up on the GSM basis, be different from the circuit switched data load mode that GSM adopts, therefore GPRS has taked packet-switch technology, in the carrying of data service with support to have very remarkable advantages.Put it briefly, GPRS has advantages such as " always online ", " chargeing according to quantity ", " high-speed transfer ", " quick login ".GPRS user's access speed has reached 40kbit/s at present.
The wireless data transmission protocols of upper base interlayer
Group of planes prison is examined system's upper base interlayer wireless transmission data and is divided upstream data (bottom → upper strata) and downlink data (upper strata → bottom), and upstream data is different with the downlink data content.What downlink data transmitted is that prison is examined the center to each unit state analysis, diagnosis, prediction result, the maintenance process measure of instruction or suggestion etc., and data structure is very simple, is (Chinese and English) character string substantially.The upstream data structure is comparatively complicated, data volume is big.Between the different computer system of last bottom, realize communication, must formulate the information flow form (being data link protocol) of system.The essence of data chainning is exactly various information and its physical quantity corresponding (as the character string of the digital quantity of state parameter, analog quantity, pulsed quantity, description fault etc.) are arranged with rule in sequence.Make the different physical quantitys of position representative different in the data chainning, and the different particular content of each physical quantity represented in different numerals or character.Data link protocol is exactly the implication of each (bit) in alignment sequence of data and the exclusive data in the definition of data chain (numeral, character string).Design a compiler again, between various digital quantities, character and its physical quantity corresponding (as controlled quentity controlled variable, state demonstration amount, fault demonstration amount etc.), play " translation " effect.Text as telegram.
The content that the downlink data structure comprises:
(1) device number: the sequential encoding of each stand-alone device in the group of planes, coding of every equipment;
(2) fault type: the description of failure cause, pattern;
(3) trouble location: by system, parts, three grades of location of element;
(4) order of severity: divide critical failure, catastrophe failure, generic failure, minor failure level Four;
(5) treatment measures: the maintenance that the prison system of examining in upper strata proposes, change the method that part, adjustment etc. are fixed a breakdown.
The content that the upstream data structure comprises:
(1) device number: the sequential encoding of each stand-alone device in the group of planes, coding of every equipment;
(2) state parameter: the parameter that directly detects by transducer.Every equipment has tens to the dozens of parameter.
(3) failure symptom: by the failure symptom of operator's input.Be divided into two kinds of forms: a kind of is existing malfunction coding data in the fault database, and the operator only needs to select input to get final product with each special keys on screen; Another kind is a fault database fault-free coded data still, needs the operator to import temporarily, and such data are character strings.
The up-downgoing data message stream is formulated to unified data chainning communications protocol.
[example]: certain group of planes fault message (being called for short the fault word) can be defined as follows:
The fault word is by 32 design: G0-----G31
Wherein: G0-----G19 is a unit switching value alarming value, belongs to generic failure pre-alarm situation in the fault word, 0=safety, and 1=reports to the police.These switch parameters have been included substantially and have been mixed and stirred, pave, pressed all types such as road, loading, dumper.In view of the machine that has does not need such many reference amounts, can when starting, all be initialized as zero.Like this, can guarantee that at any time default value is all zero.
G0: braking pressure is low.
G1: emergency brake signal.0=does not have, and 1=has.
G2: walking brake signal.0=does not have, and 1=has.
G3: the lubricating oil liquid level is low.
G4: lubricating oil (machine oil) forces down.
G5: hydraulic oil temperature height.
G6: the oil suction vacuum pressure is reported to the police.
G7: the oil return vacuum pressure is reported to the police.
G8: the drive axle oil pressure is reported to the police.
G9: coolant water temperature height.
G10: hydraulic oil oil dustiness is reported to the police.
G11: the power supply indication is reported to the police.
G12: engine air filter is reported to the police.
G13: engine prewarming indication.
G14: engine cylinder cover temperature height.
G15: left steering indication.
G16: right turn indication.
G17: decelerator (gearbox) is overheated.
G18: at a high speed/the low speed indication.The 1=high speed, 0=low speed.
G19: brake hard switch.0=does not have brake hard, and 1=has brake hard.
G20-----G31 totally 12 be catastrophe failure emergency treatment information.Show trouble location and fault category, personnel's intervention degree etc.Per 5 is one group, allows an equipment two place's catastrophe failures can occur at every turn, as if the order of severity prioritization of then pressing fault mode more than two places, chooses preceding two places.
G20: catastrophe failure sign.1=has catastrophe failure, and 0=does not have catastrophe failure.
G21: personnel intervene sign.1=has personnel to intervene, and 0=does not have personnel to be intervened.
G22, G23, G24: trouble location.The 000=engine, the 001=hydraulic system, the 010=power train, 011=turns to and is, 100=braking system, 101=equipment, 110=vehicle frame and subframe, 111=complete machine performance.
G25, G26: fault category.00=is slight, and 01=is general, and 10=is serious, and 11=is fatal.
G27, G28, G29: trouble location.Same G22, G23, G24 definition.
G30, G31: fault category.Same G25, the G26 definition.
Adopt same procedure, can define state information (status word), schedule information (command content), device code etc.After defining various information codings, it is as follows to form group of planes communication data chain:
Initial symbol S-device code 1-device code, 2-STATE PARAMETER " state parameter "-STATE " status word "-FAULT PARAMETER " breakdown switch amount parameter "-FAULT " fault word "-RANDOM THING " character type chance event "-INSTRACT " command content "-end mark E.
This data chainning has been formed the information flow that group of planes prison is examined system just, has finished in a group of planes function of transmission information mutually.
Workflow is described
Examine the operational process of system based on GSM/GPRS net Engineering Machinery of Cluster prison and see Fig. 3.The computer prison system of examining that prison is examined the center implements monitoring, diagnosing by touring scan mode to the unit in the group of planes.Be described below:
1. when gating equipment i, promptly receive the state and the failure symptom information (upstream data) of this equipment by the GSM port;
2. after system call data link protocol standard was decoded, the one tunnel sent monitor to show, monitors analysis for group of planes apparatus manager, and one the tunnel send diagnostic expert system, diagnosed, reasoning, analysis;
3. expert system is called knowledge base, database, and man-machine interaction to the information analysis diagnosis, draws diagnostic result (downlink data);
4. diagnostic result one tunnel send monitor to show, the one tunnel delivers on i the unit GSM port behind the data link protocol coding, instructs this equipment operation, has finished the prison of this equipment and has examined task;
5. counter adds 1 automatically, points to next device, repeats 1.～4. process, till the whole n platform of traversal group of planes equipment, thereby has finished the work that a prison is examined the cycle.
6. repeat 1.～5. process by the clock cycle, move in circles, go round and begin again, realized mobile operating group of planes condition monitoring and fault diagnosis task.
7. in system's running, the tension management person can intervene at any time, and selected certain the equipment i that is concerned about carries out the emphasis Stateful Inspection to this equipment.Prison is examined main system at running background.
Intelligence prison based on embedded microprocessing is examined subsystem
The intelligence prison is examined the subsystem hardware and software platform and is formed
Adopt microprocessing structure bottom prison to examine system, realize unit status monitoring, fault alarm, the wireless telecommunications of man-machine symbiosis.Selection has microprocessor more than 32 and real-time multi-task embedded OS (RTOS) and examines the core of system as the bottom prison, and Fig. 7 is the hardware and software platform based on the embedded microprocessing systems of ARM7 framework that this programme is selected.Integrated on this basis following assembly, realization bottom intelligence prison is examined system, as shown in Figure 4.
(1) the RS-232/CANbus interface of realization and GSM/GPRS module serial communication;
(2) the I/O interface of realization engineering machinery state parameter sensor signal conversion;
(3) the CANbus bus of realization and engineering machinery unit controller data transmission;
(4) realize application software, the data upload/following USB port that passes;
(5) realize that the typing of man-machine symbiosis failure symptom, operator receive keypad, display and interface thereof that the upper strata prison is examined system command information;
(6) prison is examined systems soft ware and database.
The bottom prison is examined subsystem function composition, correlation and workflow
Bottom prison examine subsystem function by equipment working condition monitoring and fault alarm, artificial fault message input, state information sends and receive the upper strata prison examines 4 parts such as system information and form.Monitoring of working condition and fault alarm are the major functions that the bottom prison is examined, and the real time execution that system (RTOS) can remain this module is made in practical operation during multitask, and no matter whether other module triggers.The bottom prison is examined the system works flow process and is seen Fig. 6.
(1) stand-alone device monitoring of working condition and fault alarm
Under multiple task real-time operation system (RTOS), the first floor system primary control program reads the sensor signal that directly monitors and comes from the indirect monitoring signal of RS232 or CANbus bus, on screen, show these state parameters, and with this machine data storehouse in corresponding normal condition parameter value relatively, if surpass prescribed limit, then start the fault alarm program, realize acousto-optic, literal, image alarm, remind the operator.
(2) adopt the man-machine symbiosis mode, obtain status information of equipment.
The mode that status information of equipment is obtained in the cooperation of people (operator), machine (transducer) jointly as shown in Figure 5, m analyzes the transducer number that the monitor signal determined after the unit structural behaviour is used among the figure, k can borrow bottom to supervise the transducer number of the system of examining in the control system.The prison system of the examining transducer number that need increase newly is m-k, and when k=0, that is: during the unit non control system, the required monitoring sensor of unit is all provided by the prison system of examining.
[example]: certain asphalt-spreader, have the microcomputer hydraulic control system, controlling object is two crawler belt hydraulic drive motors and hydraulic pump, the monitor signal that can use as control system has following 9 (k=9).That is: walk (at a high speed/low speed), the speed of travel, the vibration/speed of vibrating, low warnings of engine oil pressure, emergency switch (mechanical part fault), engine speed, water temperature highly report to the police, hydraulic oil temperature warning, paver radius of turn.
Construct this asphalt-spreader bottom intelligence and supervise when examining system newly-increased following 13 transducers.That is: diesel oil oil level, left and right sides scraper velocity (2), left and right sides helix speed (2), the warning of oil return vacuum pressure, the warning of hydraulic oil oil dustiness, engine air filter warning, engine water temperature, battery electric quantity, engine oil pressure, oil suction vacuum pressure warning (2).
Transducer can be monitored m=22 parameter altogether.With the exception of this, just need be by operator's typing failure symptom.
The keypad that the typing of operator's failure symptom is made up of display screen, several special operational key, handwriting input device, sign select the typing module to form.
Failure symptom selects the typing module to be made up of recording program and failure symptom database.Consider the convenient, fast, accurate of operator, recording program and failure symptom database are all formed according to plant equipment hierarchical structure (system, parts, element).When operator's discovering device is undesired, touch prison and examine the device keypad button, system is in observation process, constantly scan keypad, when receiving artificial input instruction, start " failure symptom recording program ", transfer " failure symptom database ", according to the possible failure symptom of form demonstration of tree.Judge, select, confirm for the operator.
To the fault of typing not as yet in the database, adopt the mode of handwriting input, the scene is imported temporarily.For this new failure symptom, after first floor system passed to the upper strata, the knowledge that will be made new advances by domain expert's analytic induction was added in the expert system knowledge base, upgraded simultaneously " failure symptom database ".
(3) the GSM/GPRS wireless data of status information of equipment sends
According to the gerentocratic requirement of upper system, determine the up-downgoing data clock cycle T (such as: T=1 minute).By this clock, system will start " GSM/GPRS wireless data router ", the state information of finishing through monitoring facilities that derives from three aspects, according to upper base interlayer data link protocol, convert corresponding number to, be sent to upper system by transmit port by GSM/GPRS wireless data router.
(4) receive the result that the upper strata prison system of examining transmits
First floor system is in real-time observation process, constantly scan GSM/GPRS Data Receiving port, when triggering signal, system will start " GSM/GPRS Data Receiving program " and receive the information that send on the upper strata, again according to data link protocol, convert the character string text to by " prison is examined result database ", on LED, show, instruct the Field Force that equipment is keeped in repair, adjusts.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of based on network mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is characterized by:
He is based on the mobile operating group of planes equipment prison of the distributed-hierarchical formula of GSM/GPRS net and examines system architecture and system platform; Between unified management at the construction field (site) and single-set operation, control, maintenance, the adjustment working in dispersion, group of planes equipment condition monitoring, fault diagnosis system that structure concentrates supervision, diagnostic analysis to combine with decentralized supervision, operation;
(1) intelligence prison being set on every unit, to examine device be that unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem, and unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem and connected unit mobile communication module;
Unit intelligence prison is examined the hardware platform that the unit intelligence prison that is configured in the man-machine symbiosis mode that subsystem hardware is based on embedded microprocessor is examined subsystem; On embedded microprocessor, connect:
Realize RS-232/CANbus interface with GSM/GPRS module serial communication;
Realize the I/O interface of engineering machinery state parameter sensor signal conversion;
Realize CANbus bus with the transmission of engineering machinery unit controller data;
Realize application software, the data upload/following USB port that passes;
Realize the typing of man-machine symbiosis failure symptom, receive keypad, display led and interface thereof that the upper strata prison is examined system command information;
The storage prison is examined the hard disk of systems soft ware and database;
(2) group of planes prison that the computer that comprises expert system, database is set on whole group of planes upper strata is examined the center, and the group of planes prison center of examining connects upper system mobile communication module;
(3) by GSM/GPRS wireless communication networks, unit mobile communication module, upper system mobile communication module bottom unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem and examine the center calculation interconnect plane, carry out exchanges data, constitute the distributed-hierarchical formula and supervise the system of examining with upper strata group of planes prison;
Each unit is shared group of planes prison and is examined same set of diagnostic expert system in center and different databases, makes the management of group of planes equipment and single-set operation realize the real time monitoring equipment state, and obtains the treatment measures of safeguarding of equipment; Unit intelligence prison is examined each parameter operating condition that subsystem is wanted the real time monitoring unit, sends the indication of reporting to the police under the abnormal conditions; Simultaneously, also want to receive the dispatch command that send at the group of planes prison center of examining.
2, based on network mobile operating group of planes equipment condition monitoring according to claim 1 and fault diagnosis system is characterized by: the operational process of examining system based on GSM/GPRS net Engineering Machinery of Cluster prison is:
(1) to examine system as follows to the execution of the unit in group of planes monitoring, diagnosing flow process by touring scan mode for the prison computer prison of examining the center:
1. when gating equipment i, promptly state and the failure symptom information that receives this equipment by the GSM port is upstream data;
2. after system call data link protocol standard was decoded, the one tunnel sent monitor to show, monitors analysis for group of planes apparatus manager, and one the tunnel send diagnostic expert system, diagnosed, reasoning, analysis;
3. expert system is called knowledge base, database, man-machine interaction, and to the information analysis diagnosis, drawing diagnostic result is downlink data;
4. diagnostic result one tunnel send monitor to show, the one tunnel delivers on i the unit GSM port behind the data link protocol coding, instructs this equipment operation, has finished the prison of this equipment and has examined task;
5. counter adds 1 automatically, points to next device, repeats 1.～4. process, till the whole n platform of traversal group of planes equipment, thereby has finished the work that a prison is examined the cycle;
6. repeat 1.～5. process by the clock cycle, move in circles, go round and begin again, realized mobile operating group of planes condition monitoring and fault diagnosis task;
7. in system's running, the tension management person can intervene at any time, and selected certain the equipment i that is concerned about carries out the emphasis Stateful Inspection to this equipment; Prison is examined main system at running background;
(2) bottom unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem function composition and workflow
Bottom unit intelligence prison is examined subsystem function and is formed: by equipment working condition monitoring and fault alarm, artificial fault message input, state information sends and receive the upper strata prison examines system information 4 parts and form; Monitoring of working condition and fault alarm are the functions that the bottom prison is examined, and multiple task real-time operation system RTOS can remain the real time execution of this module, and no matter whether other module triggers;
It is as follows that bottom unit intelligence prison is examined the subsystem work flow process:
1. stand-alone device monitoring of working condition and fault alarm
Under multiple task real-time operation system RTOS, the first floor system primary control program reads the sensor signal that directly monitors and comes from the indirect monitoring signal of RS232 or CANbus bus, on screen, show these state parameters, and with this machine data storehouse in corresponding normal condition parameter value relatively, if surpass prescribed limit, then start the fault alarm program, realize acousto-optic, literal, image alarm, remind the operator;
2. adopt the man-machine symbiosis mode, obtain status information of equipment
The mode of status information of equipment is obtained in people-operator, machine-transducer cooperation jointly, comprises that the prison system of examining provides status information of equipment and the typing of operator's failure symptom;
The prison system of examining provides status information of equipment to lean on the signal transducer monitoring to obtain: m is the transducer number that definite monitor signal is used after the analysis unit structural behaviour, and k can borrow the bottom prison to examine the transducer number of system in the control system; The prison system of the examining transducer number that need increase is m-k, and when k=0, that is: during the unit non control system, the required monitoring sensor of unit is all provided by the prison system of examining;
Operator's failure symptom typing: select the typing module to form by keypad, handwriting input device, sign that display screen, operation keys are formed;
Failure symptom selects the typing module to be made up of recording program and failure symptom database; Recording program and failure symptom database all comprise system, parts, element composition according to the plant equipment hierarchical structure; When operator's discovering device is undesired, touch prison and examine the device keypad button, system is in observation process, constantly scan keypad, when receiving artificial input instruction, start " failure symptom recording program ", transfer " failure symptom database ", according to the possible failure symptom of form demonstration of tree; Judge, select, confirm for the operator;
To the fault of typing not as yet in the database, adopt the mode of handwriting input, the scene is imported temporarily; For this failure symptom, after first floor system passes to the upper strata, will go out knowledge by domain expert's analytic induction, add in the expert system knowledge base, upgrade simultaneously " failure symptom database ";
3. the GSM/GPRS wireless data of status information of equipment sends
According to the gerentocratic requirement of upper system, determine the clock cycle T of up-downgoing data; By this clock, system will start " GSM/GPRS wireless data router ", the state information of finishing through monitoring facilities that derives from three aspects, according to upper base interlayer data link protocol, convert corresponding number to, be sent to upper system by transmit port by GSM/GPRS wireless data router;
4. receive the result that the upper strata prison system of examining transmits
First floor system is in real-time observation process, constantly scan GSM/GPRS Data Receiving port, when triggering signal, system will start " GSM/GPRS Data Receiving program " and receive the information that send on the upper strata, again according to data link protocol, convert the character string text to by " prison is examined result database ", on LED, show, instruct the Field Force that equipment is keeped in repair, adjusts.
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| JP4626852B2 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2011-02-09 | 日本電気株式会社 | Communication network failure detection system, communication network failure detection method, and failure detection program |
| CN100409125C (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-08-06 | 四川创图科技有限公司 | Monitoring system |
| CN100366001C (en) * | 2006-01-05 | 2008-01-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method of constructing cluster management and monitoring system in resilient system architecture |
| CN100458858C (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2009-02-04 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Remote monitoring method with active alarm ability |
| CN102830694A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-12-19 | 上海华兴数字科技有限公司 | Automatic fault inspection system and client monitoring terminal |
| CN103389709B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-03-09 | 深圳市研慧科技有限公司 | Engineering machinery vehicle-mounted information service system and car-mounted terminal |
| CN103439965B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-05-11 | 上海华兴数字科技有限公司 | For the Auto-Test System of testing engineering mechanical control device system remote function |
| CN106444489B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2023-10-17 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Monitoring device and monitoring method based on digital monitoring of heavy equipment engine |
| CN111487075B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-10-11 | 三一石油智能装备有限公司 | Fault detection method, device, equipment and medium for construction equipment |
| CN114481759B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-07-25 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Small-radius connection sharp-bending paving method |
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