CN1313713C - Multistage impulsion type steam turbine with damp being removed and heat being regained inside machine - Google Patents
Multistage impulsion type steam turbine with damp being removed and heat being regained inside machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1313713C CN1313713C CNB2005100341933A CN200510034193A CN1313713C CN 1313713 C CN1313713 C CN 1313713C CN B2005100341933 A CNB2005100341933 A CN B2005100341933A CN 200510034193 A CN200510034193 A CN 200510034193A CN 1313713 C CN1313713 C CN 1313713C
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides a multistage impulsion type steam turbine with the function of removing damp and reheating in the steam turbine. Interstage steam reheaters are arranged between one group of adjacent stages or multiple adjacent stages in a cylinder of the steam turbine. A blast of new steam is educed from a main steam pipe behind a main steam door of the steam turbine to be led to the steam reheaters for heating wet saturated steam expanded to a certain degree in the steam turbine and reducing humidity to prevent the steam turbine from being damaged by water erosion. Outlets of the steam reheaters are connected to a drainage expansion tank through a draining valve; a drainage port of the drainage expansion tank is connected to a condenser. The steam turbine can directly remove damp and reheat steam among steam turbine stages, and then, the steam of which the dry degree is improved directly enters the subsequent stages of the steam turbine to continuously expand and do work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steam turbine technology that is operated in wet-steam region, especially in, the thermal technology again of the steam dehumidifying in the machine of low parameter steam turbine.
Background technique
Known steam turbine is to be used for the thermal power transfer of steam is become the equipment of mechanical energy in the thermal power plant.Usually use multistage impulse turbine in China power plant.In multistage turbine, level is the elementary cell of transformation of energy.One row nozzle (or claiming static cascade) adds the level that upper level impeller blade (or claiming moving blades) is called steam turbine.Steam is through the nozzle decompressional expansion, converts its partial heat energy the kinetic energy of vapor stream to, and steam jet at a high speed promotes the impeller blade rotation then, the kinetic energy of vapor stream is converted to the mechanical energy of turbine rotor.In multistage turbine, steam step-by-step expands and does work, and its thermal power transfer is become the mechanical energy of turbine rotor.
During expansion working, along with the reduction of pressure, the humidity of steam increases rapidly saturated vapour in steam turbine.The increase of steam moisture is very unfavorable to the operation of steam turbine.At first, wet part of steam can make the internal efficiency of stage reduce.The every increase by 1% of the humidity of steam, the corresponding decline of stage efficient about 1%.More seriously the meeting of the droplet in steam erosion blade makes turbine blade produce water erosion, causes the damage of steam turbine.The humidity of steam is big more, and the water erosion phenomenon is serious more.Long-term design and running practical experience proves that the maximal humidity of steam turbine last stage steam must not surpass 10% to 12%, otherwise will have a strong impact on turbine work life-span and safe operation.
For fear of above-mentioned problem, generally use the initial steam of superheated vapor as steam turbine, the inflation process major part of steam is carried out in the steam superheating district.Pressure had been reduced to 2 or 3 absolute atmospheres when the inflation process of steam turbine arrived the saturated vapour district.When steam continued to expand into the final stage of steam turbine like this, steam moisture was still unlikely excessive.
But under a lot of situations, we have to use saturated vapour or the smaller superheated vapor of the degree of superheat generates electricity, and such as this situation just often occurring when the industrial afterheat power generation, inevitably can run into the excessive difficult problem of steam moisture in the steam turbine this moment.
The general way that solves an above-mentioned difficult problem be adopt steam again thermal cycle replace simple Rankine cycle.Just the wet vapor in the steam turbine is extracted, deliver in boiler or the heater and be heated into superheated vapor, send back to again and continue expansion working in the steam turbine.This way is very effective, but does very trouble.Wet vapor is drawn the front of sending into its following stages again from certain one-level back of steam turbine, must separate between steam ouput and the steam inlet.Like this, a cylinder just separates into two sections.Two steam turbine that this just is equivalent to be cascaded, its complex structure, cost height.Has only the measure that the powerful Turbo-generator Set of high parameter just is worth adopting this costliness.It will be non-remunerative adopting on the above-mentioned way Economy with steam turbine for the middle-size and small-size steam turbine below the power 25MW or industrial afterheat power generation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose the hot again multistage impulse turbine of dehumidifying in a kind of machine for solving above-mentioned technical barrier, directly to the steam heat treatment again that dehumidifies, the following stages that the steam that improves mass dryness fraction then directly enters steam turbine continues expansion working to this steamer function between stage.
The structure characteristic of the multistage impulse turbine of heat that dehumidifies in the machine of the present invention again is: the wherein adjacent level in the steam turbine or the inter-stage of some adjacent levels are provided with the inter-stage steam reheater, feed in the steam reheater by drawing one initial steam on the main steam pipe behind the main inlet throttle-stop valve of this steam turbine, be used for adding Hot gas turbine and expand into to a certain degree wet saturated steam, reduce its humidity, not damaged by water erosion with the protection steam turbine; The outlet of this steam reheater is connected to hydrophobic expansion tank by drain valve, and the drain opening of hydrophobic expansion tank is connected to condenser.
Described inter-stage steam reheater is a kind of surface-type heat exchanger, this heat exchanger is made up of two semicircular ring, two semicircular ring are formed a full circle, and the junction plane of two semicircular ring is passing through on the vertical surface of steam turbine center line, and two semicircular ring are cemented on the cylinder of steam turbine by lower leg separately.
Described inter-stage steam reheater can adopt common surface-type heat exchanger, also can adopt the hot tube heater.
In the multistage impulse turbine of the heat that in machine of the present invention, dehumidifies again, be provided with a described inter-stage steam reheater at least; Two or more inter-stage steam reheaters also can be set, lay respectively between two or more adjacent levels.
The interbank screen type or the corrugated plate dst dehumidification structure of being provided with of described inter-stage heater is to strengthen dehumidification function.
Described inter-stage steam reheater outlet port is by the installing drain valve, hydrophobicly is discharged into hydrophobic expansion tank; The steam that produces in the hydrophobic expansion tank can be introduced steam turbine intergrade or sealing system.Condensed water in the hydrophobic expansion tank then enters condenser.
Use technology of the present invention, the structure of steam turbine does not need to do big change, and steam is not sent to after not needing to extract from steam turbine again, has saved thick steam pipework and valve that steam is drawn from steam turbine, sent to.Only need the inter-stage axial clearance that will carry out the reheat in stage place is suitably strengthened, reserve the space that the reheat in stage device is installed.The thermal source of reheat in stage can be drawn a small gangs of initial steam the major steam line behind main inlet throttle-stop valve.Because the steam flow of hot usefulness seldom probably only accounts for about 5% of initial steam amount, so the reheated steam pipeline is very little again, cost easy to make is low.
The hot again multistage impulse turbine of dehumidifying can not done in structure and thoroughly solved the steam moisture problem under the excessive change situation in the machine of the present invention.Steam turbine can freely use saturated vapour or the lower steam of the degree of superheat, does not worry the water erosion problem of blade under keeping than higher efficient situation.This method has been widened the parameter area of the steam that steam turbine can utilize greatly.The saturated vapour of any pressure, wet vapor, the too small steam of the degree of superheat all can directly be used for generating electricity.This is significant to industrial afterheat power generation and low parameter heat energy power-generating.
From following contrast as can be seen the present invention than the superiority of common steam turbine:
Flow be 32 tons/time the saturated vapour of 1.0MPa, adopt common condensing turbine generating, the steam discharge back pressure is 0.006MPa.If the internal efficiency of this steam turbine is 76%, then its final stage steam moisture will be above 16%.This is unallowed.For making the final stage steam moisture be reduced to License Value, the internal efficiency of steam turbine must be reduced to 60%.This moment, the design power of this machine was 3600kW.
If adopt the thermal technology again that dehumidifies in the machine of the present invention, 32 tons/time need to take out in the initial steam 2 tons/time steam as the thermal source of heat again in the machine, all the other 30 tons/time steam enter steam turbine acting, when steam expansion when 0.2MPa humidity reaches 10%, continue the steam discharge when doing work that expands after utilizing the thermal technology that dehumidifies in the machine again to reduce its humidity to the 0.006MPa back pressure.In this case, the internal efficiency of unit can reach more than 76%, and design power can reach 4500kW.
From above-mentioned contrast, see, under identical condition, adopt the present invention can increase by 25% generated energy.The reason that generated energy increases is mainly derived from two aspects: at first be the backheat of steam and thermal effect again.The latent heat of vaporization of the steam of two tons of heating usefulness all enters working steam and does work in steam turbine, rather than as working steam the latent heat more than 80% is all brought into condenser and slattern.Next is working steam heat back mass dryness fraction raising again, has reduced the loss that steam moisture is brought, and has improved stage efficiency.The synergy of these two effects has significantly increased generated energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the heat flow diagrams of the multistage impulse turbine of heat again that dehumidifies in the machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of inter-stage steam reheater of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the A-A of Fig. 2 is to sectional view.
Embodiment
As the heat flow diagrams of the represented embodiment of the invention of Fig. 1 (we only illustrate in the one-level machine heat again among the figure, in fact two-stage can be set as required so that heat again in the multistage machine).Pick out the reheated steam pipe 3 of small-bore (for example DN80mm) on the major steam line behind the main inlet throttle-stop valve 12, this pipe is supplied with the inter-stage steam reheater 4 that is positioned at steam turbine to 3%～8% of total steam flow.The saturated water of condensation that steam becomes after the heat release in reheater 4 enters hydrophobic expansion tank 8 by drain valve 7 controls, flashes off part steam in this place's water of condensation step-down and enters steam turbine 5 expansion actings again via steam tube 9.Low pressure saturation water in the hydrophobic expansion tank 8 is discharged in the condenser 11 through pipeline 10 and mixes with the condensed water of main flow working steam, is extracted out to deliver to by condensate pump 12 then to become steam in the steam generator again.Formed a complete thermodynamic cycle like this.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the structural representation of inter-stage steam reheater 4.This inter-stage steam reheater is a surface-type heat exchanger, is made up of left and right two halves two semicircular ring 20,21.Its basic comprising is by semiorbicular heating pipe tube bank 22, the vapor collection case 24 of tube bank end, and interbank silk screen type droplet catching device 23, the adapter 25 and the mounting flange 26 of guiding steam and condensed water turnover heating tube nest are formed.The flow process of fluid in inter-stage steam reheater 4 is: steam flows into the vapor collection case 24 of left semicircle ring 20 from the adapter 25 of the heating tube nest of left semicircle ring 20, be assigned to the heating pipe tube bank 22 of left semicircle ring 20 by this vapor collection case 24, flow into the heating pipe tube bank 22 of right semi-circle ring 21 then, the condensed water that heat exchange produces is discharged by the adapter 25 of right semi-circle ring 21 heating tube nests behind the vapor collection case 24 of this right semi-circle ring 21.Among Fig. 2 28 is the housing of inter-stage steam reheater 4, and 27 is the main shaft of steam turbine.
Claims (5)
1, the hot again multistage impulse turbine of dehumidifying in a kind of machine, it is characterized in that the wherein adjacent level in steam turbine (5) cylinder or the inter-stage of some adjacent levels are provided with inter-stage steam reheater (4), feed in the steam reheater (4) by drawing one initial steam on the main steam pipe behind the main inlet throttle-stop valve of this steam turbine (5), be used for adding Hot gas turbine and expand into to a certain degree wet saturated steam, the outlet of this steam reheater (4) is connected to hydrophobic expansion tank (8) by drain valve (7), and the drain opening of hydrophobic expansion tank (8) is connected to condenser (11).
2, steam turbine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inter-stage steam reheater (4) is a kind of surface-type heat exchanger, this heat exchanger is made up of two semicircular ring, two semicircular ring are formed a full circle, the junction plane of two semicircular ring is passing through on the vertical surface of steam turbine center line, and two semicircular ring are cemented on the cylinder of steam turbine by lower leg separately.
3, steam turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described inter-stage steam reheater (4) is the hot tube heater.
4, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described steam turbine, it is characterized in that: the interbank screen type or the corrugated plate dst dehumidification structure of being provided with of described inter-stage heater (4).
5, steam turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the steam that produces in the described hydrophobic expansion tank (8) is introduced steam turbine intergrade or sealing system, and the condensed water in the hydrophobic expansion tank (8) then enters condenser (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100341933A CN1313713C (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Multistage impulsion type steam turbine with damp being removed and heat being regained inside machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100341933A CN1313713C (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Multistage impulsion type steam turbine with damp being removed and heat being regained inside machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1687566A CN1687566A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| CN1313713C true CN1313713C (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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| CNB2005100341933A Expired - Fee Related CN1313713C (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | Multistage impulsion type steam turbine with damp being removed and heat being regained inside machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110578568A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-17 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | External reheating power generation system for garbage power generation |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7744343B2 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2010-06-29 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a steam turbine |
| CN101749961B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2012-02-29 | 北京世纪源博科技股份有限公司 | Sintering product line saturated steam afterheat generating system |
| CN101968043B (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-09-05 | 北京世纪源博科技股份有限公司 | Solar thermal power generation system |
| CN103047639B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-04-01 | 山东滨州亚光毛巾有限公司 | Complementary solar energy and fuel coal heating system |
| CN103133062B (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-08-05 | 青岛捷能汽轮机集团股份有限公司 | Dehumidifier in steam turbine and cylinder thereof |
| CN104088677B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-02 | 北京越麓咨询有限责任公司 | Steam reheater in a kind of machine of multistage impulse turbine |
| CN106246248B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Dehumidification structure in steam turbine ripple |
| CN107965756A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-27 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | The super-pressure circulatory system and method for saturated vapor heating reheated steam in pot |
| GB2577932B (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2022-09-07 | Bae Systems Plc | Turbine module |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3973870A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1976-08-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Internal moisture removal scheme for low pressure axial flow steam turbine |
| US5199264A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-04-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Steam operated turbine-generator installations |
| US5377489A (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1995-01-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Internal moisture separation cycle for a low pressure turbine |
-
2005
- 2005-04-19 CN CNB2005100341933A patent/CN1313713C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3973870A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1976-08-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Internal moisture removal scheme for low pressure axial flow steam turbine |
| US5199264A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-04-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Steam operated turbine-generator installations |
| US5377489A (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1995-01-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Internal moisture separation cycle for a low pressure turbine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 热能动力工程 刘建成等，1-5 2005 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110578568A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-17 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | External reheating power generation system for garbage power generation |
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| CN1687566A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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