CN1307323C - Trivalent chromic rainbow color passivating agent for galvanizing and its production - Google Patents
Trivalent chromic rainbow color passivating agent for galvanizing and its production Download PDFInfo
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- CN1307323C CN1307323C CNB2004100275867A CN200410027586A CN1307323C CN 1307323 C CN1307323 C CN 1307323C CN B2004100275867 A CNB2004100275867 A CN B2004100275867A CN 200410027586 A CN200410027586 A CN 200410027586A CN 1307323 C CN1307323 C CN 1307323C
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- passivator
- passivating agent
- concentrated solution
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- sequestrant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
Abstract
The present invention discloses a trivalent chromic ion rainbow color passivating agent for galvanization. The passivating agent contains the composition and the mole ratio of the composition that trivalent chromic salt to a chelating agent to an oxidizing agent is equal to 1: 1: 2.5 to 1: 2: 5.5; the concentration of trivalent chromic ions in a passivating tank liquid is from 2.5 to 25 g/L. The passivating agent is a trivalent chromic ion buffer solution, controls and stabilizes the concentration of free Cr<3+> in the solution, is good for forming an even and dense passivation layer on the surface of a galvanizing workpiece by the Cr<3+> and enhances operation stability. The present invention also discloses a manufacture method of the passivating agent. The method is characterized in that components are added into a reactor to be heated and agitated so as to take chelation reaction; the components continue to be boiled and refluxed after reaction so that nitrogen oxide is removed; after materials are discharged, the materials are added with water to be adjusted to obtain a passivating agent concentrated solution of which the Cr<3+> concentration is from 30 to 80 g/l. The passivating agent can not generate hexavalent chrome pollution in the production process, and a product does not contain hexavalent chrome. The present invention has the advantages of wide operating range and comprehensive enhancement of product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of passivator and manufacture method thereof that is used to handle galvanizing surface, relate in particular to a kind of 3-valance chromium contained rainbow-colour passivator and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
For the aesthetic property and the solidity to corrosion that improve galvanizing surface, people adopt Cr always since a century
6+It is carried out chromating handles.It is multiple that this processing is divided into white zine, blue white zine, rainbow zinc, military green zinc, black zinc etc. because of its prescription is different, and wherein the over-all properties of rainbow zinc is the most comprehensive, so its shared ratio is also maximum.
As everyone knows, sexavalent chrome is the material of serious environment pollution, and long-term contact will cause chrome ulcers, erosive rhinitis, perforation of nasal septum etc.It should be noted that especially it has carinogenicity by a large amount of studies confirm that in recent years.Use sexavalent chrome that product is carried out chromate treating in the zinc-plated industry, have the environmental problem of two aspects: the firstth, the pollution that production process causes, people have paid great cost this have been administered for this reason.The secondth, the pollution of product itself is through Cr
6+Itself just has Cr the product of Passivation Treatment
6+, pollution of chromium is then along with product enters in people's the life.
In recent years, the problem pay attention to day by day of people's environmental pollution.Cr in the zinc-plated industry
6+Pollution problem places on the agenda, and developed country has in those early years just formulated and forbid using chromic timetable in galvanizing production.For electronics, electrical equipment and automotive field, must not use after 1 day July in 2006 and contain Cr
6+The galvanized metal component.For parts manufacturer, this time should be advanced to not a half year by nine months.For developing country, the shared ratio developed country of traditional industry is big, the more significant of this problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be applicable to that cyaniding is zinc-plated, zincate galvanizing and chloride galvanizing not chromyl zinc-plated with the agent of trivalent chromic ion iridescent passivation, to eliminate produce in the production process hexavalent chromium polluted, the more important thing is to make galvanizing production also not contain sexavalent chrome.The present invention also aims to provide the manufacture method of this passivator, so that when eliminating production process and product itself hexavalent chromium polluted, in the operating restraint of broad, obtain the better galvanizing production of performance for this reason.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of zinc-plated trivalent chromic ion iridescent passivation agent of using provided by the invention, the composition and the mol ratio thereof that contain are as follows: chromic salt: sequestrant: oxygenant is 1: 1: 2.5～1: 2: 5.5, trivalent chromic ion concentration is 2.5～25g/L in the passivation tank liquor.Its preferred version is: chromic salt in molar ratio: sequestrant: oxygenant=1: 1.15: 4～1: 1.5: 5, trivalent chromic ion concentration is 4～8g/L in the passivation tank liquor.The present invention adopts trivalent chromic ion, provides ligating atom to have the inner complex of ring texture with generation with the carboxylic acid of one or more hydroxyls.Because sequestrant is excessive and inner complex and sequestrant all have enough concentration, therefore form trivalent chromic ion buffered soln, this buffered soln can control with stabilizing solution in the concentration of free trivalent chromic ion, can be because of adding or consuming some trivalent chromic ions and make that free trivalent chromic ion concentration takes place by significant the variation in the solution, helping trivalent chromic ion forms on the surface of galvanized workpiece evenly and fine and close passivation layer, improve the stability of operation, thereby guaranteed in the operating restraint of broad, to obtain the product of high conformity.The oxygenant that adopts helps trivalent chromic ion and forms even, fine and close passivation layer on the galvanized workpiece surface, and this passivation layer has enough thickness, the chemical stability height.
For further impelling trivalent chromic ion to form passivation layer on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivator of the present invention also contains promotor, and the mol ratio of chromic salt and this promotor is 1: 0.05～1: 0.5.Its preferred version is: chromic salt in molar ratio: promotor=1: 0.1～1: 0.28.
The chromic salt of passivator of the present invention can be chromium nitrate, hafnium halide, chromium sulphate or their subsalt.Sequestrant can be the combination of one or more hydroxycarboxylic acids or its alkali metal salts or ammonium salt, and the composition of sequestrant and their molar percentage can be tartrate or an alkali metal salt or its alkali-metal acid salt 40～100%, gluconic acid or an alkali metal salt or its calcium salt 0～40%, citric acid or its an alkali metal salt or its ammonium salt 0～30% particularly; Its preferred version is: tartrate 50～60%, gluconic acid 20～30%, citric acid 15～25%.Described oxygenant can be SODIUMNITRATE and/or saltpetre.Described promotor can be Xiao Suangu.
Make for convenience, transport and store, above-mentioned passivator is made the concentrated solution type, its manufacture method may further comprise the steps:
A, the adding of each component according to the above ratio have in the reactor of stirring, backflow, heating and cooling function, are diluted to Cr with pure water
3+Ionic concn is 30～80g/L; When sequestrant is the salt of hydroxycarboxylic acid, should be earlier with equivalent or dissolve and acidifying than equivalent 3～5% 40～48% rare nitric acid of Duo in advance;
B, heating and stirring are all dissolved each component; When being heated to 86～96 ℃, chelatropic reaction takes place and heat release, and temperature rises to 102～106 ℃ voluntarily, reduces heating;
C, fall after rise naturally when temperature, regulate heat supply this moment to keep the reaction boiling and to reflux, reacted under 102～106 ℃ reflux temperature 4～5 hours, this process constantly has NO
2Emit, the sign that reaction finishes is that henna nitrogen peroxide stops to overflow;
D, treat that temperature imposes decompression when being reduced to 70～80 ℃, make material boiling again under 70～80 ℃, drive away remaining nitrogen peroxide, keep 0.5～1h postcooling to normal temperature;
After e, the discharging the passivator concentrated solution, add water and readjust its cumulative volume and make Cr
3+Ionic concn is 30～80g/l, and the pH value of adjusting concentrated solution simultaneously is in 0.5～1 scope.
Among the above-mentioned passivator step of manufacturing e, the Cr of passivator concentrated solution
3+Ionic concn preferably is adjusted into 33～55g/l.
The passivation flow process of galvanized workpiece is with existing general flow, that is: zinc-plated → washing → washing → bright dipping → washing → passivation → washing → washing → drying → cooling → packing.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) passivator of the present invention does not contain sexavalent chrome, and not only production process can not produce hexavalent chromium pollutedly, the more important thing is that product itself does not contain sexavalent chrome yet.
(2) passivator of the present invention has the operating restraint of broad, can make product quality obtain to promote comprehensively, and product appearance is graceful and beautiful, color consistency is good, has the Cr of ratio
6+The better corrosion resistance nature of iridescent passivation layer.(GB6458-86) behind the 96h, the grading of test-results reaches above (press GB12335) product high-temperature baking resistant of B8 level through 5% neutral brine spray testing (NSS), and passivation is after 210 ℃, and 2h dehydrogenation processing can not produce detrimentally affect to erosion resistance.
Can not produce when (3) using chromyl " waste water ", its " waste water " only need carry out simple acid-alkali treatment can reach secondary discharge standard, can reduce the expense of processing " waste water ", reduces operation risk.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention one passivator
See Table 1.
The composition of table 1 embodiment one passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium nitrate | 99.5 | 261.3 | 0.65 | -Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.16 |
| 2 | Nitric acid | 48 | 107.8 | 0.8213 | |
| 3 | Seignette salt | 99.5 | 111.5 | 0.3933 | |
| 4 | Gluconic acid | 50 | 68.3 | 0.1742 | |
| 5 | Citric acid | 99 | 39.4 | 0.1857 | |
| 6 | SODIUMNITRATE | 98 | 196 | 2.259 | |
| 7 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 30.3 | 0.1031 | |
| 8 | Pure water | - | 445 | - |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
A. nitric acid in the table 1 and pure water adding are had in the reactor of stirring, heating, condensation and reflux, stir adding Seignette salt down, be heated to 70～80 ℃ and make its also acidifying of dissolving.Successively the rest materials in the table that feeds intake is added in the reactor then.
B. be warming up to 86～96 ℃, chelatropic reaction begins and heat release, and temperature rises to 102～106 ℃ voluntarily, too acutely dashes material for avoiding reaction, and should reduce heating this moment.Be accompanied by chelatropic reaction, a large amount of NO overflows
2Can coagulate partial condensation liquid in the upstream and reflux the non-condensable gas discharge.
C. when temperature falls after rise naturally, regulate heat supply,, NO is arranged constantly in this process to maintain 102～106 ℃ of following boiling refluxs 4～5 hours
2Overflow, the sign that reaction finishes is henna NO
2Stop to overflow.
D. be cooled to 70～80 ℃ and impose decompression, make reaction solution boiling again under 70～80 ℃, remove to remain in NO in the reaction solution with ease
2, keep decompression 1 hour, be cooled to normal temperature afterwards.
E. discharging, making its volume with the pure water adjustment is 1L, gets Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 33～34g/L, and adding nitric acid adjustment concentrated solution pH is 0.5～1.
3. the using method of passivator
A. prepare the passivation tank liquor
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution 170ml, convert water, the Cr of passivation this moment tank liquor to 1L
3+Ionic concn is 5.5～5.57g/L.With rare nitric acid or Na
2CO
3Liquid is adjusted passivation tank liquor pH=2.1 ± 0.2, is heated to 60 ± 2 ℃, bubbling 1 hour, and this passivation tank liquor can come into operation.
B. passivation
Workpiece after zinc-plated (galvanized layer thickness 6～10 μ m) is through washing 2 times, washed once again in 15 seconds with rare nitric acid (pH=1.5～1.8) bright dipping, put into above-mentioned passivation tank liquor, keep 58～60 ℃ of temperature, pH=2.2 ± 0.2, and with air bubbling or mechanical stirring it, after 55～60 seconds, take out, wash must multicolored bright-coloured finished product after 2 warm air dryings.
Embodiment two
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention two passivator
See Table 2.
The composition of table 2 embodiment two passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium nitrate | 99.5 | 261.3 | 0.65 | Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.257 |
| 2 | Gluconic acid | 50 | 85 | 0.2168 | |
| 3 | Tartrate | 99 | 65.7 | 0.4333 | |
| 4 | Citric acid | 99 | 35.4 | 0.1667 | |
| 5 | SODIUMNITRATE | 98 | 269 | 3.1 | |
| 6 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 30 | 0.103 | |
| 7 | Water | - | 494 | - |
Gluconic acid 26.51%, tartrate 53.05%, citric acid 20.4% in the sequestrant.(above-mentioned is molar percentage)
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Need not carry out dissolving acidization earlier.Material in the table 2 is added in the reactor, and operation is with embodiment one described preparation method, and obtaining volume is 1L, Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 33～34g/1.
3. the using method of passivator
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution 125ml, convert water, the Cr of passivation this moment tank liquor to 1L
3+Ionic concn is 4.0～4.23g/L.All the other operations are with the using method of embodiment one described passivator.
Embodiment three
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention three passivator
See Table 3.
The composition of table 3 embodiment three passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium trichloride | 99 | 175 | 0.65 | Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.33 |
| 2 | Gluconic acid | 50 | 90 | 0.23 | |
| 3 | Tartrate | 99 | 69.7 | 0.46 | |
| 4 | Citric acid | 99 | 37.4 | 0.176 | |
| 5 | Saltpetre | 98 | 47 | 0.455 | |
| 6 | SODIUMNITRATE | 98 | 230 | 2.65 | |
| 7 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 40 | 0.136 | |
| 8 | Pure water | - | 560 | - |
Gluconic acid 26.56%, tartrate 53.12%, citric acid 20.32% in the sequestrant.(above-mentioned is molar percentage)
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Operation is with embodiment one described preparation method, and obtaining volume is 1L, Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 33～34g/l.
3. the using method of passivator
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution 150ml, convert water, the Cr of passivation this moment tank liquor to 1L
3+Ionic concn is 4.95～5.1g/L.All the other operations are with the using method of embodiment one described passivator.
Embodiment four
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention four passivator
See Table 4, present embodiment four passivator can be used as the complement agent of tank liquor.
The composition of table 4 embodiment four passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium nitrate | 99.5 | 425 | 1.0577 | Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.4 |
| 2 | Gluconic acid | 50 | 150 | 0.382 | |
| 3 | Tartrate | 99 | 117.9 | 0.778 | |
| 4 | Citric acid | 99 | 67.7 | 0.319 |
| 5 | Saltpetre | 98 | 75.7 | 0.7345 | |
| 6 | SODIUMNITRATE | 98 | 331.6 | 3.824 | |
| 7 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 40 | 0.1565 | |
| 8 | Pure water | - | 160 | - |
Gluconic acid 25.82%, tartrate 52.61%, citric acid 21.57% in the sequestrant.(above-mentioned is molar percentage)
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Operation is with embodiment one described preparation method, and obtaining volume is 1L, Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 55g/L.
3. the supply of passivation tank liquor
Along with the carrying out of passivation, each component in the tank liquor can reduce, the Cr in tank liquor
3+When ionic concn is lower than 4g/L, gets this routine passivator concentrated solution and add, keep Cr
3+Ionic concn is between 4～8g/L.
Embodiment five
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention five passivator
See Table 5.
The composition of table 5 embodiment five passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium nitrate | 99.5 | 232 | 0.5769 | Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.5 |
| 2 | Gluconic acid | 50 | 90 | 0.23 | |
| 3 | Tartrate | 99 | 69.7 | 0.46 | |
| 4 | Citric acid | 99 | 37.4 | 0.176 | |
| 5 | Saltpetre | 98 | 316 | 3.1 | |
| 6 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 53 | 0.18 | |
| 7 | Water | - | 460 | - |
Gluconic acid 26.55%, tartrate 53.11%, citric acid 20.32% in the sequestrant.(above-mentioned is molar percentage)
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Operation is with embodiment one described preparation method, and obtaining volume is 1L, Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 30～30.59g/l.
3. the using method of passivator
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution 150ml, convert water, the Cr of passivation this moment tank liquor to 1L
3+Ionic concn is 4.5～4.6g/L.All the other operations are with the using method of embodiment one described passivator.
Embodiment six
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention six passivator
See Table 6.
The composition of table 6 embodiment six passivator
| Sequence number | Title | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L | Remarks |
| 1 | Chromium nitrate | 99.5 | 261.3 | 0.65 | Cr 3+With the mol ratio of sequestrant be 1: 1.26 |
| 2 | Tartrate | 99 | 124.2 | 0.82 | |
| 3 | Saltpetre | 98 | 47 | 0.455 | |
| 4 | SODIUMNITRATE | 98 | 230 | 2.65 | |
| 5 | Xiao Suangu | 99 | 40 | 0.137 | |
| 6 | Water | - | 548 | - |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Operation is with embodiment two described preparation methods, and obtaining volume is 1L, Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 33～34g/l.
3, the using method of passivator
A. prepare the passivation tank liquor
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution 170ml, convert water, the Cr of passivation this moment tank liquor to 1L
3+Ionic concn is 5.61～5.78g/L.With rare nitric acid or Na
2CO
3Liquid is adjusted passivation tank liquor pH=1.7 ± 0.2, is heated to 60 ± 2 ℃, bubbling 1 hour, and this passivation tank liquor can come into operation.
B. passivation
Workpiece after zinc-plated (galvanized layer thickness 6～10 μ m) is through washing 2 times, washed once again in 15 seconds with rare nitric acid (pH=1.5～1.8) bright dipping, put into above-mentioned passivation tank liquor, keep 58～60 ℃ of temperature, pH=1.7 ± 0.2, and with air bubbling or mechanical stirring it, after 85～90 seconds, take out, wash must multicolored bright-coloured finished product after 2 warm air dryings.
The result of use of passivator of the present invention
The color zinc workpiece of the trivalent chromium that adopts passivator of the present invention to make, make comparisons with the low chromium chromatic passivation of former Cr VI, in the situation of plating piece of the same race, identical plating (middle cyanogen alkaline zinc plating, rack plating) and identical Zinc Coating Thickness (7～10 μ m), the result is as follows:
1) the beautiful elegance of workpiece appearance luster of using passivator of the present invention to produce.
2) salt spray test and result grade such as following table:
| The contrast project | Neutral salt spray test NSS GB-6458-86 | Metal cladding---to the grading of the sample after the cover layer corrosion test of being positive property of ground GB 12335-90 |
| This passivator | 96h | B8 |
| The Cr VI coloured silk is blunt | 72h | C8 |
Decay resistance is blunt significantly better than the Cr VI coloured silk.
3) workpiece of passivator production of the present invention toasted 2 hours continuously through 210 ℃, and appearance luster become golden yellow～Huang Hong, but corrosion resistance is uninfluenced from purplish red～yellow green five colours. And the color blunt product of Cr VI color after above-mentioned condition baking becomes yellowish-brownly from golden yellow, and corrosion resistance obviously descends, and NSS tests to workpiece and white rust occurred only surplus 8 hours.
4) workpiece of passivator production of the present invention does not contain Cr6+。
" waste water " that produces when 5) using passivator of the present invention to produce does not contain Cr6+。
Claims (2)
1, a kind of zinc-plated manufacture method with 3-valance chromium contained rainbow-colour passivator may further comprise the steps:
A, with chromic salt, sequestrant, oxygenant each component in chromic salt: sequestrant: oxygenant is that 1: 1: 2.5～1: 2: 5.5 ratio adds and has in the reactor of stirring, backflow, heating and cooling function, is diluted to Cr with pure water
3+Ionic concn is 30～80g/L; Wherein said oxygenant is SODIUMNITRATE and/or saltpetre; When sequestrant is the salt time-like of hydroxycarboxylic acid, should be earlier with equivalent or dissolve and acidifying than equivalent 3～5% 40～48% rare nitric acid of Duo in advance;
B, heating and stirring are all dissolved each component; When being heated to 86～96 ℃, chelatropic reaction takes place and heat release, and temperature rises to 102～106 ℃ voluntarily, reduces heating;
C, fall after rise naturally when temperature, regulate heat supply this moment to keep the reaction boiling and to reflux, reacted under 102～106 ℃ reflux temperature 4～5 hours, this process constantly has NO
2Emit, the sign that reaction finishes is that henna nitrogen peroxide stops to overflow;
D, treat that temperature imposes decompression when being reduced to 70～80 ℃, make material boiling again under 70～80 ℃, drive away remaining nitrogen peroxide, keep 0.5～1h postcooling to normal temperature;
After e, the discharging the passivator concentrated solution, add water and readjust its cumulative volume and make Cr
3+Ionic concn is 30～80g/L, and the pH value of adjusting concentrated solution simultaneously is in 0.5～1 scope.
2, according to the manufacture method of the described passivator of claim 1, adjust the Cr in the passivator concentrated solution among its step e
3+Ionic concn is 33～55g/L.
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| CNB2004100275867A CN1307323C (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2004-06-14 | Trivalent chromic rainbow color passivating agent for galvanizing and its production |
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| CNB2004100275867A CN1307323C (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2004-06-14 | Trivalent chromic rainbow color passivating agent for galvanizing and its production |
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| DE4135524A1 (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1993-04-29 | Gc Galvano Consult Gmbh | Chrome plating of zinc@, cadmium@ and their alloys - using aq. soln. of chromium (III) oxalate complex, at acidic pH to form blue corrosion-resistant coating |
| US6287704B1 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 2001-09-11 | Surtec Produkte Und System Fur Die Oberflachenbehandlung Gmbh | Chromate-free conversion layer and process for producing the same |
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| CN102002703A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-04-06 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Passivating process of trivalent chromium for zinc coating |
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| CN1584117A (en) | 2005-02-23 |
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