CN1594651A - Trivalent chromium pearl opal passivator for galvanizing and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Trivalent chromium pearl opal passivator for galvanizing and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1594651A CN1594651A CN 200410027734 CN200410027734A CN1594651A CN 1594651 A CN1594651 A CN 1594651A CN 200410027734 CN200410027734 CN 200410027734 CN 200410027734 A CN200410027734 A CN 200410027734A CN 1594651 A CN1594651 A CN 1594651A
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- passivator
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
Abstract
The invention discloses a trivalent chromium pearl opal passivator for galvanizing, whose composition and mol ratio is : trivalent chromium salt: nitrate or nitric acid : fluoride being 1:1:0.25-1:10:1.25, trivalent chromium ion concentration in passivation liquid being 1-10g/L. The invention also discloses the passivator production method, i.e. adding each ingredient in stirrer and stirring, resolving material, then adding water, acid, adjusting passivator concentration liquid Cr#+[3+]ion concentration to 25-30g/l,pH 0.8-1. The inventive passivator not only has no production of hexavalent chrome pollution in production process, but does not contain hexavalent chrome itself, which comprehensively promote the product quality, appearing color uniformity, and more resistance to corrosion than Cr#+[6+].
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of zinc-plated passivator of using, relate in particular to a kind of zinc-plated trivalent chromium blue-white deactivator of using, the invention still further relates to the manufacture method of this passivator.
Background technology
For aesthetic property and the solidity to corrosion that improves galvanizing surface, adopted Cr since a century always
6+It is carried out chromating handle, the past is carried out Cr earlier for the Zincing passivation film that obtains pearl opal
6+The rainbow passivation, and then with alkali it is bleached.Invented the disposable pearl opal passivation technology of low chromium afterwards, chromic content is reduced to 2～5g/L in the passivating solution, and the chromic anhydride that in last hot water is scalded, adds 0.2～0.5g/L with salt-fog resistant test time of improving product (referring to " electro-galvanizing and zinc alloy " China Machine Press, Shen Pinhua, the Tu Zhenmi work).There are two aspect deficiencies in above blue white zine passivation technology: the first still will be used Cr
6+, and still have 0.002～0.004mg/dm in the passive film of product
2Sexavalent chrome; It two is generally can only reach 24h with blue white zine product tolerance time in 5% neutral brine spray testing [(NSS) GB-6458-86] that these two kinds of technologies are made, and by GB12335-90 " ground is the tectum corrosion test of positive polarity after sample grading ", can only reach the C7 level, solidity to corrosion is not ideal enough.From in appearance, the blue white zine that old technology is made, more yellow than being easier to occur, particularly fail in time to touch the place of air after some corner locations and the passivation.
In recent years, the problem pay attention to day by day of people's environmental pollution, the Cr of zinc-plated industry
6+Pollute and placed on the agenda, developed country has in those early years just formulated and forbidden using chromic timetable in galvanizing production.For electronics, electrical equipment and automotive field, must not use after 1 day July in 2006 to contain Cr
6+The galvanized metal component.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be applicable to that cyaniding is zinc-plated, the not chromyl zinc-plated trivalent chromic ion blue-white deactivator of using of zincate galvanizing and chloride galvanizing, to eliminate produce in the production process hexavalent chromium polluted, the more important thing is to make galvanizing production also not contain sexavalent chrome.The present invention also aims to provide the manufacture method of this passivator, so that when eliminating production process and product itself hexavalent chromium polluted, in the operating restraint of broad, obtain the better galvanizing production of performance for this reason.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of zinc-plated trivalent chromium blue-white deactivator of using provided by the invention, the composition and the mol ratio thereof that contain are as follows: chromic salt: nitrate or nitric acid: fluorochemical is 1: 1: 0.25～1: 10: 1.25, and trivalent chromic ion concentration is 1～10g/L in the passivation tank liquor.Its preferred version is: chromic salt in molar ratio: nitrate or nitric acid: fluorochemical is 1: 2: 0.55～1: 5: 1, and trivalent chromic ion concentration is 1.5～2.5g/L in the passivation tank liquor.
Passivator of the present invention also contains cobalt salt, and the mol ratio of chromic salt and cobalt salt is 1: 0.05～1: 0.55.Its preferred version is: chromic salt in molar ratio: cobalt salt is 1: 0.2～1: 0.4.If do not contain cobalt salt, can obtain the passivation layer of white, but the tolerance of neutral salt spray test (NSS) is poor, and the azure degree of color and luster shows inferior.
Chromic salt described in the passivator of the present invention can be chromium trichloride, chromium nitrate, chromium sulphate or their subsalt, or potassium chromium sulfate, ammonium chromic sulfate or chromium sodium sulphate; Be preferably: chromium trichloride, chromium nitrate, chromium sulphate or potassium chromium sulfate.Described nitrate can be SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium nitrate or nitrocalcite; Be preferably: be SODIUMNITRATE or saltpetre.Described fluorochemical can be Neutral ammonium fluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, Sodium Fluoride, sodium hydrogen fluoride or hydrofluoric acid; Be preferably: Neutral ammonium fluoride or ammonium bifluoride.Described cobalt salt can be rose vitriol, Xiao Suangu or cobalt chloride.
Make for convenience, transport and store, above-mentioned passivator is made the concentrated solution type, its preparation method may further comprise the steps:
A, chromic salt, nitrate or nitric acid, fluorochemical and cobalt salt are added in the agitator;
B, adding pure water make the Cr of mixed solution
3+Ionic concn is 25～30g/L;
C, stirring make material dissolution in water;
D, the pH value of mixed solution is adjusted to 0.8～1, promptly get the concentrated solution type of described passivator.
Make material dissolution in water 45～55 ℃ of following stirrings of temperature among above-mentioned passivator preparation method's the step c, to quicken material dissolution.
The passivation flow process of galvanized workpiece: zinc-plated back workpiece → washing → washing → bright dipping (rare nitric acid aqueous solution, pH1.5～1.8, bright dipping time 10～20s) → washing → passivation → washing → hot water wash (or cold wash) → warm air drying (50～80 ℃ of hot blast temperatures) cooling → packing.Working conditions in the passivating process is as follows: the Cr of passivation tank liquor
3+Ionic concn is 1～10g/L, and pH is 1.8～2.6, and passivation temperature is 20～30 ℃, and passivation time is 5～30s.Tank liquor stirs: the oil-free compressed air bubbling stirs (air pressure: 0.03～0.05Mpa) continuously.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) passivator of the present invention does not contain sexavalent chrome, and not only production process can not produce hexavalent chromium pollutedly, the more important thing is that product itself does not contain sexavalent chrome yet.
(2) passivator of the present invention can make product quality obtain to promote comprehensively, and the product appearance color and luster is even, is bright silvery white with azure tone.Has the Cr of ratio
6+The better corrosion resistance nature of pearl opal passivation layer.(GB6458-86) behind the 72h, the grading of test-results reaches B8 level above (pressing GB12335) through 5% neutral brine spray testing (NSS).Product high-temperature baking resistant, passivation are after 210 ℃, and the 2h dehydrogenation is handled, and can not produce detrimentally affect to erosion resistance.
Can not produce when (3) using chromyl " waste water ", its " waste water " only need carry out simple acid-alkali treatment can reach secondary discharge standard, can reduce the expense of processing " waste water ", reduces operation risk.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
By the usage of trade passivator being mixed with concentrated type, so that make, transport and store. it is 27 ± 1g/L that following examples are all made trivalent chromic ion concentration to concentrated type passivator, and " building bath " or supply are used during for use.
Embodiment one
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention one passivator
See Table 1.
The composition of table 1 embodiment one passivator
| Title | Molecular formula | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L |
| Chromium trichloride | CrCL 3·6H 2O | ????99 | ??142.4 | ??0.5293 |
| Rose vitriol | CoSO 4·7H 2O | ????99 | ??32.3 | ??0.1139 |
| SODIUMNITRATE | NaNO 3 | ????98 | ??126 | ??1.453 |
| Ammonium bifluoride | NH 4HF 2 | ????99 | ??11.6 | ??0.2 |
| Nitric acid | HNO 3 | ????48 | ??10～20mL | (transferring pH to use) |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
A, the chromium trichloride with in the table 1, SODIUMNITRATE, ammonium bifluoride and rose vitriol add in the agitator;
B, add after mixing water to cumulative volume near one liter;
C, stirring make material dissolution in water. heat 45～55 ℃ of temperature while stirring in order to quicken material dissolution.
D, with 48% nitric acid in the table 1 the pH value of mixed solution is adjusted to 0.8～1, adding suitable quantity of water again, to adjust cumulative volume be 1L, promptly gets Cr
3+Ionic concn is the passivator concentrated solution of 27.5g/L, and it is standby to bottle.
3. the using method of passivator
A. build bath---the preparation of passivation tank liquor
Get above-mentioned concentrated solution (Cr
3+=27.5g/L) 160mL to convert water be 2L to volume, Cr
3+Content is: 27.5 * 0.16/2=2.2g/L, adjust passivation tank liquor pH=2.2～2.4 with rare nitric acid or sodium carbonate solution (20%), and can use.
B. passivation
The Cr of passivation tank liquor
3+Ionic concn is 2.2g/L, and pH is 2.2～2.4, and passivation temperature is 20～30 ℃, and passivation time is 5～30s.Tank liquor stirs: the oil-free compressed air bubbling stirs (air pressure: 0.03～0.05Mpa) continuously.
C. the maintenance of tank liquor
Along with the carrying out of passivating process, each effective ingredient can consume, and needs tank liquor is replenished.Facts have proved every passivation 10m
2Galvanizing surface needs supply concentrated solution 125～150mL (the workpiece depression is many, takes out of except the tank liquor severe patient), should keep Cr
3+Ionic concn is 1.5～2.5g/L, and the pH value maintains between 2.2～2.4 with rare nitric acid, but the tank liquor life-time service.But passivating process Zn
2+To enter tank liquor, as tank liquor Zn
2+When content reaches 8g/L, will make the product solidity to corrosion reduce, should change this moment.
Embodiment two
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention two passivator
See Table 2.
The composition of table 2 embodiment two passivator
| Title | Molecular formula | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L |
| Chromium nitrate | ??Cr(NO 3) 3·9H 2O | ??99 | ??214 | ??0.53 |
| Rose vitriol | ??COSO 4·7H 2O | ??99 | ??40 | ??0.142 |
| Saltpetre | ??KNO 3 | ??98 | ??85 | ??0.825 |
| Neutral ammonium fluoride | ??NH 4F | ??99 | ??15.3 | ??0.405 |
| Nitric acid | ??HNO 3 | ??48 | ??10～20ml | (transferring pH to use) |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
Identical with embodiment one.
3. the using method of passivator
With embodiment one.
Embodiment three
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention three passivator
See Table 3.
The composition of table 3 embodiment three passivator
| Title | Molecular formula | Specification % | Quantity | Mole number mol/L |
| Fluid sulphuric acid chromium | ??Cr(SO 4) 3 | ??Cr 3+67 ??g/l | ??410.5ml | ??M?Cr 3+＝0.5289 |
| SODIUMNITRATE | ??NaNO 3 | ??98 | ??122.5 | ??1.412 |
| Xiao Suangu | ??Co(NO 3) 2·6H 2O | ??99 | ??33.5 | ??0.1139 |
| Neutral ammonium fluoride | ??NH 4F | ??98 | ??15.3 | ??0.405 |
| Nitric acid | ??HNO 3 | ??48 | ??10～20ml | (transferring PH to use) |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
With embodiment one.
3. the using method of passivator
With embodiment one.
Embodiment four
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention four passivator
See Table 4.
The composition of table 4 embodiment four passivator
| Title | Molecular formula | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L |
| Potassium chromium sulfate | ??CrK(SO 4) 2·12H 2O | ??99 | ??267 | ??0.529 |
| Rose vitriol | ??CoSO 4·7H 2O | ??99 | ??60 | ??0.211 |
| SODIUMNITRATE | ??NaNO 3 | ??98 | ??123 | ??1.418 |
| Neutral ammonium fluoride | ??NH 4F | ??98 | ??15.3 | ??0.405 |
| Nitric acid | ??HNO 3 | ??48 | ??10～20ml | (transferring PH to use) |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
With embodiment one.
3. the using method of passivator
With embodiment one.
Embodiment five
1. the composition of the embodiment of the invention five passivator
See Table 5.
The composition of table 5 embodiment five passivator
| Title | Molecular formula | Specification % | Weight (g) | Mole number mol/L |
| Chromium trichloride | ??CrCl 36H 2O | ??99 | ??142.5 | ??0.53 |
| Cobalt chloride | ??CoCl 26H 2O | ??99 | ??27.3 | ??0.1134 |
| SODIUMNITRATE | ??NaNO 3 | ??98 | ??123 | ??1.418 |
| Ammonium bifluoride | ??NH 4HF 2 | ??98 | ??12 | ??0.208 |
| Nitric acid | ??HNO 3 | ??48 | ??10～20ml | Transfer PH to use |
2. the preparation method of passivator concentrated solution
With embodiment one.
3. the using method of passivator
With embodiment one.
The result of use of passivator of the present invention
1, product color unanimity, light is good, and azure degree is better than the once blue white zine passivation of low chromium, and scrap rate is lower.Owing to use the pearl opal passive film of this passivator workpiece surface in liquid phase, to form, just, just can form this film as long as liquid touches workpiece.And its passive film of the once blue white zine passivation of low chromium (sexavalent chrome passivation) that generally uses at present forms (slaughtering the close P138 of the writing～P141 that shakes " membrane formation mechanism of a low chrome blue white chromating film " joint referring to " electro-galvanizing and zinc alloy " China Machine Press Shen Pin China in 2002) in gas phase, if workpiece enters and fails to contact or contact insufficient (this place is deposited in more passivating solution) this place with air when putting forward behind the passivating solution and will turn to be yellow, this situation is more outstanding in the barrel plating operation.
2, product corrosion resistance and good
| The contrast project | 5% neutral brine spray testing (NSS) GB6458-86 | Metal cladding---ground is the sample grading after the tectum corrosion test of positive polarity, GB12335-90 |
| Sexavalent chrome hangs down the agent of chrome blue white chromating | 24h | C7 |
| Passivator of the present invention | 72h | B8 |
3, the product after the passivation is unaffected through 210 ℃ of 2 hours outward appearances of baking and salt-fog resistant test situation.
4, the product surface non-hexavalent chromium exists.The material that production process is used, " waste water " that washing produces is abandoned useless passivating solution and has not all been detected the sexavalent chrome existence." waste water " treatment process is simple only need adjust to pH9.5～10, all harmful metal ion (Zn
2+, Cr
3+, Co
2+) all with hydroxide form precipitation, add flocculation agent after, remove metal hydroxides after filtration, can discharge after adjusting back to pH=6～9 with dilute sulphuric acid again.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of zinc-plated trivalent chromium blue-white deactivator of using, the composition and the mol ratio thereof that contain are as follows: chromic salt: nitrate or nitric acid: fluorochemical is 1: 1: 0.25～1: 10: 1.25, trivalent chromic ion concentration is 1～10g/L in the passivation tank liquor.
2, passivator according to claim 1, the mol ratio of described chromic salt, nitrate and fluorochemical is a chromic salt: nitrate or nitric acid: fluorochemical is 1: 2: 0.55～1: 5: 1, and trivalent chromic ion concentration is 1.5～2.5g/L in the passivation tank liquor.
3, passivator according to claim 1 also contains cobalt salt, and the mol ratio of chromic salt and cobalt salt is 1: 0.05～1: 0.55.
4, passivator according to claim 3, the mol ratio of described chromic salt and cobalt salt are 1: 0.2～1: 0.4.
5, passivator according to claim 1, wherein said chromic salt are chromium trichloride, chromium nitrate, chromium sulphate, potassium chromium sulfate, ammonium chromic sulfate or chromium sodium sulphate.
6, passivator according to claim 1, described nitrate are SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium nitrate or nitrocalcite.
7, passivator according to claim 1, described fluorochemical are Neutral ammonium fluoride, ammonium acid fluoride, Sodium Fluoride, sodium hydrogen fluoride or hydrofluoric acid.
8, passivator according to claim 3, described cobalt salt are rose vitriol, Xiao Suangu or cobalt chloride.
9, the manufacture method of the described passivator of claim 1, the preparation of its concentrated solution type of described passivator may further comprise the steps:
A, chromic salt, nitrate or nitric acid, fluorochemical and cobalt salt are added in the agitator;
B, adding pure water make the Cr of mixed solution
3+Ionic concn is 25～30g/L;
C, stirring make material dissolution in water;
D, the pH value of mixed solution is adjusted to 0.8～1, promptly get the concentrated solution type of described passivator.
10,, make material dissolution in water 45～55 ℃ of following stirrings of temperature among the described step c according to the manufacture method of the described passivator of claim 9.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN100443634C (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2008-12-17 | 佛山市顺德区汉达精密电子科技有限公司 | Solution formulation for passivation technology for aluminum alloy containing silicon, copper, and magnesium |
| CN101173354B (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2010-04-14 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for preparing trivalent chromium colorful passivation liquid for NdFeB Zinc-plated parts |
| CN101812681A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-08-25 | 贵阳华科电镀有限公司 | Passivation formula of zincification trivalent chromium |
| CN101177785B (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2010-11-10 | 重庆建设摩托车股份有限公司 | Galvanizing inactivating liquid and preparation method |
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| CN103849867B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-04-13 | 段国波 | Trivalent chromium many colors passivator of a kind of zinc coating and preparation method thereof and deactivating process for the treatment of |
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| WO2019000452A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-03 | 深圳市恒兆智科技有限公司 | Coating agent, metal piece and surface coating treatment method therefor |
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| CN111485265A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-04 | 常州新纪元材料科技有限公司 | Composition of high corrosion-resistant blue zinc-nickel alloy passivator |
| CN111441043A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-07-24 | 广东比格莱科技有限公司 | Zinc-plated trivalent chromium color passivator and preparation method thereof |
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