CN1305575A

CN1305575A - Modular ceramic combustion reactor

Info

Publication number: CN1305575A
Application number: CN99807483A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·因诺维乌斯; C·P·A·因诺维乌斯; L·M·因诺维乌斯
Original assignee: REACTOR COMBUSTION WORLD ORGANISATION SA
Current assignee: REACTOR COMBUSTION WORLD ORGANISATION SA
Priority date: 1998-04-17
Filing date: 1999-04-16
Publication date: 2001-07-25
Also published as: WO1999054660A1; EP1080326A1; KR20010042792A; NO20005134D0; CZ20003816A3; HU9800902D0; JP2002512355A; NO20005134L; HK1042335A1; NO320092B1; IL139033A0; UA54589C2; CA2328717A1; CZ300872B6; ZA200005672B; SK15402000A3; PL343568A1; AU3437599A; PL192179B1; HUP9800902A1

Abstract

A ceramic combustion reactor with a tubular body, consisting of several ceramic drum-shaped modules (2) and top (3) and bottom modules. The modules (2, 3) are fixed to each other with rigid connection means (5). According to the invention, the drum-shaped modules (2, 3) are comprising several segments (6, 61) together forming a drum-shaped module (2, 3), the segments (6, 61) and/or the modules (2, 3) being connected together by connection means (5).

Description

Modular ceramic combustion reactor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic combustion reactor.Reactor of the present invention has a tubular body that is made of module.These modules are fixed to one another by the device that is rigidly connected.

Technical background

U.S. Pat 5041268 discloses a kind of combustion reactor with elongated tubular body.This tubular body is enclosed in the shell of a steel.In combustion process, tubular body is heated to high temperature.Have only heat-resisting material just can be suitable for the tubular body of this reactor.Below we are referred to as full combustion reactor with the reactor of this specific type.Have been found that if the wall of tubular body is thinner preferably less than 10mm, then the disclosed the sort of reactor service behaviour of US5041268 is best, thereby the heat that is produced in the combustion process dissipates rapidly by the strong IR radiation of tubular wall.Find that also when size was big, the function of these reactors was very satisfactory, but the wall of tubular body still must be thinner.Verified, it is fully feasible that length is approximately one meter reactor greater than five meters, diameter, and the efficient of combustion process is very high, and is also very clean.The unique material advanced ceramic that is suitable for making above-mentioned reactor of Fa Xianing so far.Yet the large-scale manufacturing of this reactor has some problems.

The big ceramic tubular body that manufacturing has thin wall is very complicated.At first, be used to make the mould of required ceramic body because size is expensive greatly and very.Secondly, the conveying of tubular body also is very complicated, because the rigidity of ceramic material is very big, is easy to fragmentation.

And along with the prolongation of using, the appearance slight crack of ceramic material is inevitable.The reactor that wants to change big single-piece is very expensive, therefore, needs a kind of reactor, and the cost of its maintenance is lower.

U.S. Pat 4416619 discloses a kind of ceramic combustion reactor that is used for a heating system that has a tubular body.Burning wherein is not the inside at reactor, but carries out in its outside.The outer surface of reactor has some breach, thereby makes the surface discontinuous.Therefore, Yin Re and stress in the ceramic material that causes reduces significantly, and prevented surperficial formation fish scale shape and crackle occurred.Yet this reactor is undersized, and therefore, the problem of size does not need to solve.

The large-size ceramic stove that is used to fire clay and porcelain is known in the art.These ceramic stoves usually by some by steelframe or case and bag round pottery constitute.In these known stoves, the ceramic block that constitutes the stove wall is very thick, and therefore, they are self-supportings.But because the thickness of wall, this structure is inapplicable for the internal combustion type reactor, because the heat that produces can not dissipate by heavy wall.

U.S. Pat 5687572 has been lectured a kind of thin-walled burner with the cooling of dorsal part bump.This burner is used for a kind of gas turbine, and it has the pottery lining of a thin-walled atresia, and the dorsal part of this lining is subjected to the bump cooling.Ceramic shell is supported by a porose outer metal housing body.In order to prevent that this outer metal housing body from bearing high temperature, must cool off.Owing to the essential cooling system that uses, so this ceramic shell is not suitable for full combustion reactor, because the existence that the burning of the cleaning of catalytic oxidation and minimizing combustion product needs the high temperature wall takes place.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ceramic combustion reactor of thin-walled, it can be with cheap cost manufacturing, and manufactures also during large scale and be easy to.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of easy reactor, and it is carried easily, and repairs with simple and inexpensive method easily, perhaps can replace the parts that damage under the situation of not changing whole reactor.Another target is to make a kind of reactor, and the parts of its damage can be replaced and need not to take apart whole reactor.

General introduction of the present invention

According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose is finished by a kind of reactor, this reactor comprises the some drum type modules that linked together by the device that is rigidly connected, drum type module wherein comprises some sections, these sections form a drum type module together, and each section and/or module are linked together by jockey.

In a preferred embodiment, jockey comprises connecting plate and is connected folder; Wherein

A. connecting plate is positioned near described the angular region on the section, and extends radially outwardly; With

B. connection is folded with at least one recessed portion, and it receives at least two connecting plates.

Advantageously, for being folded with, connecting plate and/or connection be used to prevent to connect the fixing device that folder comes off from connecting plate.This fixing device can comprise ceramic pins, in the hole on this ceramic pins can be inserted connecting plate and be connected folder.

Particularly advantageously be to connect on the edge that folder is included in connecting plate and be connected the flange that matches on the recessed portion that presss from both sides.In most preferred embodiment, connecting plate and/or connection folder are made by ceramic material.

Have been found that a drum type module can comprise nearly eight portion's sections, but less quantity also is feasible.In general, less portion's section is enough for less reactor, but larger-diameter reactor then needs to use more portion's section.

In a special embodiment, the tubular reactor body comprises the fire-retardant insert of a taper.This insert is vital for the normal function of disclosed the sort of full combustion formula reactor in U.S. Pat 5041268.In order to be positioned properly and to connect insert, this insert is provided with the support of radially extending, and each section of at least one module is provided with the recessed portion that receives this insert.

Advantageously, connect the recessed portion that is folded with two symmetries, each recessed portion receives two connecting plates on two adjacent section.Therefore, a connection is clipped in four portion's sections and holds them in together in their district, so the quantity of used connection folder can be very low.

In order to make mechanical performance better, connection is folded with reinforcement.Have been found that it is the most practical making connecting plate and described section constitute one.

Brief description of the drawings

Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in more detail, these accompanying drawings only illustrate the preferred embodiment according to reactor of the present invention by way of example.Wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the reactor of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 a-c is respectively perspective, side-looking and the front view of the portion's section in the central module of reactor shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 a-c is respectively perspective, side-looking and the front view in portion's section of the top module of reactor shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 a-d be respectively as one of the jockey of reactor shown in Figure 1 connect folder perspective, look up, side-looking and top view;

Fig. 4 e is the top view of a kind of improved connection folder of jockey that is used for some parts of reactor shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 5 a-d is perspective, side-looking, top view and the front view that is used for the retention pin of the connection folder shown in Fig. 4 a-c;

Another perspective view of Fig. 6 reactor in a preferred embodiment of the invention, two portion's sections wherein are not shown, and the inside with the expression reactor illustrates flame hysteresis device and is inserted on its position;

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of an improved embodiment of taper insert that is used to have the module of a reactor that is similar to structure shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 8 is a drawing in side sectional elevation of another reactor of being made of general portion's section.

Implement optimal mode of the present invention

Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of reactor of the present invention.This reactor is so-called full burning type burner.The less model of this reactor is reacted general ability limited company with NOCO Reactor by Hungarian RCWO completing combustion ^Trade mark make.These previous little reactors are by the material manufacturing of a single-piece.Shown in Fig. 1 is a large-scale reactor 1, and it comprises center module 2 and a top module 3 of two

drum types.Module

2 and 3 fixed to one another by the device 5 that is rigidly connected.Can see a top module 3 on the right side with dome end 31.Reactor 1 is supported on the U-shaped afterbody 9, and this afterbody is received in the jockey 5 on the downside of reactor 1.Reactor also comprises a bottom module, in Fig. 1, in order to clearly show that the inside of reactor 1, bottom module is not shown.Can be clear that in Fig. 1 each center module 2 is formed by four portion's sections 6, top module 3 is made of four portion's sections 61.

Portion's

section

6 and 61 is made by advanced ceramic, normally a kind of silica-based compound of this advanced ceramic.Bottom module does not need to bear the sort of high temperature that bears as other module, and therefore, it can still also can use the material of pottery as bottom module by the high-grade steel manufacturing.

Jockey 5 comprises connecting plate 51 (also seeing Fig. 2 and 3) and is connected folder 52 (also seeing Fig. 4).Connecting plate 51 is positioned on portion's

section

6 and 61 near its angle 53.Connecting plate 51 extends radially outward, and therefore, the plane of the contact-making surface 62 of connecting plate 51 comprises the central axis of reactor 1.Connecting plate 51 becomes one with each section, and they have the thickness identical with the wall of each section.As what be clear that in Fig. 2 a and 3a, connecting plate constitutes the part of a broadside 65, and this broadside " outwards bends " and forms from straight line one side of each section, and it is perpendicular to the arcwall of portion's section 6 and 61.Fig. 2 a and 3a can also be clear that relatively portion's

section

6 and 61 structure just have dome end 31 on portion's section 61 much at one.The shape of dome end 31 plays very important effect for form suitable disturbed conditions in the chamber of reactor 1.

Portion's section 6 and a curved side of 61 comprise an arcuate zone 66, and when these sections were assembled into a tubular body, this arcuate zone constituted the part of a ring 10.The internal diameter of ring 10 is bigger than the external diameter of drum type module 20.When module 20 is assembled into tubular body, encircle the edge 11 that portion's section 6 is lived in 10 imbrication.

With reference to Figure 4 and 5, connect folder 52 and be provided with at least one recessed portion 54, be used to receive two connecting plates 51.In order to prevent that connecting plate 51 from coming off from connect folder 52, can predict connecting plate 51 and/or connect folder 52 being provided with fixing device 7.In the of the present invention best pattern of being advised, fixing device 7 comprises ceramic pins 70, in the hole 55 on it can insert connecting plate 51 and be connected folder 52.

Ceramic pins 70 also is provided with oval end plate 71.Connecting plate 51 is oval-shaped with being connected the hole 55 that presss from both sides on 52, and their size and dimension is corresponding to oval end plate.After inserting slotted eye,, thereby make oval end plate 71 keep retention pin 70 can not deviate from retention pin 70 half-twists.

Shape by jockey 5 locks the mechanical connection of realizing between the module 2.Therefore, jockey 5 is included in the flange that matches 57 in flange 56 and the recessed portion 54 that is connected folder 52 on the edge of connecting plate 51.Flange 56 and 57 provides connection power between module 20 and portion's section 6 and 61.How many sizes that constitutes the parts of jockey 5, particularly flange wants looser, so that be the expansion or the displacement slot milling of different parts.This expansion is necessary, because the thermal expansion of ceramic material is different with rigidity.Also allow pin 70 in elliptical aperture 55, to move to the side, thus

permission portion section

6 and 61 displacements to a certain degree with respect to other portion's section in the adjacent block.Mechanical stress between the

adjacent modules

2 and 3 that this structure has prevented to cause owing to heat.Essential explanation, the relative motion between portion's section can not be too big.Particularly not sealing between portion's section and module is so little gap is inevitable.If too many by the gap escaping gas between module or the portion's section, the efficient of the combustion process in the reactor will reduce.

Because the thermic load on the tubular body of full combustion reactor is very high, jockey 5 must be made by heat proof material.Have been found that connecting plate 51 and/or connect folder 52 and made by ceramic material that its performance is preferably same or similar with the ceramic material of reactor, then effect is best.These sections of ad hoc proposal adopt senior SiSiC.At this moment a kind of pottery of costliness, but the high temperature that it can anti-height to 1800 ℃.Another kind of material as portion's section is SiC, and it is cheap, but can only be used for the burning that temperature is lower than 1300 ℃.Suggestion uses Corderite as the material that connects folder, and it is made by extruding, and cost is low.Therefore the preferred Corderite that adopts, is not easy fracture also because its elasticity is more bigger under stress.Yet,, also advise making the connection folder with SiC or SiSiC for special applications.But using for great majority, is complete acceptable with Corderite.This also is economical, because more cheap by a large amount of manufacturings of extruding.On the other hand, SiC and SiSiC need the molded of costliness.Therefore, the invention provides a very important advantage, Here it is, and the parts of the fragmentation in the reactor 1 are easy to change, and replace whole reactor in the highland very much and need not cost.A kind of replacement is can make each section with Corderite, if combustion process remains on lower temperature.

With further reference to Fig. 4 d, connect the recessed portion 54 that folder 52 is provided with two symmetries.Two connecting plates 51 that each recessed portion 54 receives on two adjacent portion's

sections

6 or 61, that is, one connects folder 52 and connect four portion's

sections

6 or 61 on the angular region.Fig. 4 e illustrates one and connects folder 52 ', and it has only a recessed portion 54.Connect folder 52 ' and be actually half that connects folder 52, it be used to connect with portion section 61 on the adjacent connecting plate 51 ' of part of dome end 31.One gripper shoe of bottom module (not shown) or bottom module is equipped with and connecting plate 51 similar connecting plates, therefore, can be fixed in adjacent drum type module 2 with common connection folder 52.

Be clear that in Fig. 4 d and 4e the recessed portion 54 that connects folder 52 and 52 ' forms an elongated groove.This groove receives two connecting plates 51 with suitable tolerance, makes that connecting folder 52 can slide on connecting plate 51 glossily, can be too not tightly or pine too.This elongated groove has an arrow shaped cross section.The head of arrow is widened, and forms the flange 56 that engages with flange 57 on the connecting plate 51.In order to improve the mechanical strength that connects folder 52, for they are equipped with reinforcement 58.The bottom of folder is provided with a recessed portion 59, its reserve be used to form ring 10 with 66 space.

In general, the drum type module is made of two to eight portion's sections.From design with make to consider, preferred even number, this never means and can not make a module by three, five, seven even more portion section.

A feature of full combustion reactor is a fire-retardant insert 8 of taper.This insert is shown in Fig. 6.Insert 8 is divided into two chambers with chamber of the reactor.The king-sized disturbance that is caused by insert 8 has increased the efficient of reactor, thereby fuel is fully contamination-freely burnt.For insert 8 is correctly located and reasonably support, suggestion insert 8 has the support 80 of radially extending.At least one module 2 or portion's section 6 of 3 are provided with to receive and support 80 recessed portion 81.Yet, in order to keep lower manufacturing cost, the quantity of different parts is remained on minimum magnitude suits.Therefore, can predict all portion's

sections

6 and 61 and all be provided with recessed portion 81, as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6.Recessed portion 81 is formed by two indentures 82 on the wall of each section.By this solution, the thickness of material is all very even at the each several part of each section, and thermal stress is lower.Support 80 becomes one with the tapering part of insert 8.For relatively large reactor 1, the support of fire-retardant insert 8 is provided with the support section (not shown) of separation.One end of the support section of these separation is connected in described tapering part by rights, and the other end of the support section that separates inserts in the recessed portion 81 of each section.In this case, has corresponding recessed portion in the tapering part that is supported on insert 8 of these separation.In another possible embodiment, the separation of insert be supported for hollow stem, a termination in the hole of bar is received from the extended pin of taper insert, and its other end receives the pin that extends to tapering part from each section.In another unshowned embodiment, the recessed portion that receives support 80 forms between the connecting plate of each section.

As 7 another favourable forms of implementation that the fire-retardant insert of taper is shown.At this, insert 8 also becomes one with support 83, is similar to embodiment shown in Figure 6, and still, the support 83 here has an annular or U-shaped cross-section.Insert 8 with support 83 castings built in.The carriage 85 of setting and its one on the wall of portion's section 61, this carriage 85 are used to receive hollow tubular or semicanal shape supports 83.Porose 84 at the base portion that supports 83, these holes will be supported interior chambers 83 and will be communicated with by the circumjacent space of the tapering part of insert 8.They are used for forming turbulent flow in reactor 1, and the hollow-core construction of support 83 guarantees the mechanical strength of increase.This insert 8 is specially adapted to the reactor that combines with gas turbine, and the gas pressure in the tapering part of the insert 8 in this reactor is bigger.This is an important use occasion, low-cost fuel and refuse because this gas turbine is used for burning.The hollow support structure can also prevent the fracture supported, has both made under the situation that a small amount of casting error is arranged.This certain embodiments illustrates with reference to portion's section 61 of top module 3, but also can realize very identical structure on portion's section 6.

Fig. 8 shows the mode that the general portion section that adopts same type constitutes the bigger module of different-diameter.Figure 8 illustrates a reactor module 90 that constitutes by eight portion's sections 91.In fact, according to the design of general portion section 91, four or six portion's sections 91 just can constitute a good round die block.Yet, utilize the jockey of suitably design more portion section 91 can be coupled together, constitute a major diameter module.(mandatory declaration, less module still need to be made of two to four portion's sections).The design of portion's section 91 can link together it with any amount (in the practice at least four), forms the module of different-diameter.In this way, formed a kind of module as shown in Figure 8 with flower-shaped cross section.The operation principle of full combustion reactor can not be subjected to cross section basically and depart from circular influence slightly.This solution has tangible advantage economically, because only need portion's section of one type just can constitute the very big reactor of size difference.By this way, can produce general portion's section 91 in a large number, make that the cost of each section is lower.

Though the front has illustrated reactor of the present invention with reference to illustrated compression,, for those skilled in the art conspicuous other improvement embodiment also within the scope of the invention.For example, not necessarily to form all modules by portion's section of equal number.The end of constructing dome with less portion's section is fully feasible, for example by two semicircular part sections.It also is feasible that a such end module is connected in a center drum type module that is made of four 1/4th curved portions sections.And, it is also conceivable that with other novel exotic material and make described section and connector.

Claims

1. ceramic combustion reactor that has a tubular body, described tubular body comprises drum type module and the top and the bottom module of some potteries, these modules are fixed to one another by the device that is rigidly connected, wherein, the drum type module comprises some sections, these sections form a drum type module together, and each section and/or module are linked together by jockey.

2. reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, jockey comprises connecting plate and is connected folder, wherein

B. connection is folded with at least one recessed portion, is used for receiving at least two connecting plates.

3. reactor as claimed in claim 2, wherein, connecting plate and/or connection are folded with and are used to prevent to connect the fixing device that folder comes off from connecting plate.

4. reactor as claimed in claim 3, wherein, fixing device comprises ceramic pins, in the hole on this ceramic pins can be inserted connecting plate and be connected folder.

5. reactor as claimed in claim 4, wherein, ceramic pins is provided with oval end plate, and connecting plate is provided with the slotted eye that is used to receive this ellipse end plate.

6. reactor as claimed in claim 3 wherein connects on the edge that folder is included in connecting plate and the flange that matches in being connected the recessed portion that presss from both sides.

7. as the described reactor of claim 2 to 6, wherein, connecting plate and/or connection folder are made by ceramic material, and this ceramic material preferably has and the same or analogous performance of the ceramic material of reactor.

8. as each described reactor among the claim 1-7, wherein, a drum type module comprises two to eight portion's sections.

9. as each described reactor among the claim 1-8, it comprises a fire-retardant insert of taper, and this insert has radially the support of extending, and portion's section of at least one module is provided with the recessed portion of the support that is used to receive insert.

10. as each described reactor among the claim 2-9, wherein, connect the recessed portion that is folded with two symmetries, each recessed portion receives two connecting plates on two adjacent section.

11. as the described reactor of claim 2-10, wherein, the recessed portion that connects folder forms an elongated groove, the plane of this groove comprises the central axis of reactor.

12. reactor as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the elongated groove that connects folder has reinforcement.

13. as the described reactor of claim 2-12, wherein, connection is folded with reinforcement.

14. as the described reactor of claim 2-13, wherein, connecting plate and described section become one.

15. as the described reactor of claim 1-14, it comprises the module of a dome end.

16. as the described reactor of claim 9-15, wherein, the support of fire-retardant insert is provided with the support section of separation, these parts are inserted the recessed portion of each section.

17. as the described reactor of claim 9-15, wherein, the support of fire-retardant insert and described tapering part become one, and described support section forms the bar that has a hollow or U-shaped cross-section, and these bars are placed in the carriage that matches that is formed on each section.

18. as the described reactor of claim 1-17, wherein, each section forms and makes any amount of Duan Douke connect into a circular basically module.