CN1304634C - Bath formula of chemical plating for magnesium and magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Bath formula of chemical plating for magnesium and magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1304634C CN1304634C CNB200410017369XA CN200410017369A CN1304634C CN 1304634 C CN1304634 C CN 1304634C CN B200410017369X A CNB200410017369X A CN B200410017369XA CN 200410017369 A CN200410017369 A CN 200410017369A CN 1304634 C CN1304634 C CN 1304634C
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- magnesium alloy
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a chemical plating bath formula for magnesium and magnesium alloy for the field of the surface treatment of metal material. The present invention comprises the components of the following proportion by weight: 1.5 to 4% of nickel sulfate, 1 to 3% of citric acid, 2 to 6% of fluoride, 1.5 to 4% of sodium hypophosphite, and 0.00005 to 0.0003% of additive and water as the rest. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that the chemical plating cost of the magnesium alloy is greatly reduced because chemical plating bath uses the nickel sulfate to replace basic nickel carbonate as nickel salt leading, bath preparation is greatly simplified, and efficiency is increased. Plating layers obtained by the present invention can be used as single protective layers for the magnesium and the magnesium alloy, and can also be used as basements of general chemical plating layers or electroplated layers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical plating bath prescription, specifically is a kind of magnesium and magnesium alloy chemical plating electroplate liquid formulation.Be used for the metal material surface process field.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is a structural metallic materials the lightest in the practical application, it is little to have proportion, specific tenacity, specific rigidity height, advantages such as damping and amortization, machinability, good casting property, at automobile, machinery, aspects such as aerospace field and portable electronic appliance, computer, hand-operated tools and camera component are just obtaining increasingly extensive application.But the solidity to corrosion difference is one of principal element of restriction magnesium alloy widespread use.On magnesium alloy, carry out chemical nickel plating and handle, not only can obtain high solidity to corrosion and wear resistance, and can on complex-shaped foundry goods, obtain the uniform coating of thickness.Requiring the surface to have electroconductibility, thermal conductivity, the occasion of solderability, a kind of especially irreplaceable surface treatment method.
The Study on Electroless Nickel of magnesium alloy starts from the 1950's, and existing up till now standard can be followed.Find the B480-88 of ASTM standard: magnesium and magnesium alloy plating standard guide (ASTMB480-88.Standard guide for preparation of magnesium and magnesium alloysfor electroplating) by retrieval.The chemical nickel-plating solution that standard method is adopted is the aqueous solution, mainly contains basic nickel carbonate 1%, hydrofluoric acid 0.6%, citric acid 0.5%, ammonium bifluoride 1%, inferior sodium phosphate 2%, ammoniacal liquor 0.4%.Because the nickel salt of the chemical plating fluid of magnesium alloy uses basic nickel carbonate, and the price of basic nickel carbonate is too high, make the cost of electroless plating be multiplied, and basic nickel carbonate is water insoluble, before preparation, must be earlier with HF acid dissolving, and dissolution process continue again more than 20 minutes could wiring solution-forming, make chemical plating fluid process for preparation complexity like this, production efficiency reduces.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the shortcoming in the existing magnesium alloy direct chemical plating technology, a kind of magnesium and magnesium alloy chemical chemical plating bath prescription are provided, replace basic nickel carbonate to introduce with single nickel salt as nickel salt, make that the plating bath preparation is convenient, cost reduces greatly, thereby solved because the cost that uses basic nickel carbonate to cause is too high, preparation is complicated, the problem of inefficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and in the chemical plating bath prescription of the present invention, each that comprises formed and weight percent is:
Single nickel salt (2NiSO
46H
2O): 1.5-4%, citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O): 1-3%, inferior sodium phosphate (NaH
2PO
2H
2O): 1.5-4%, fluorochemical: 2-6%, additive: 0.00005-0.0003%, surplus is a water.
Described fluorochemical is one of following medicine or more than one mixtures: hydrofluoric acid, ammonium bifluoride, Neutral ammonium fluoride.
Described additive is one of following medicine: thiocarbamide, heavy metal such as lead, the acetate of cadmium, Potassium Iodate.
Water is with deionized water or distilled water.
Screening formulation of the present invention is: single nickel salt 2.5-3.5%, and citric acid 1.8-2.2%, inferior sodium phosphate 2.5-3.5%, fluorochemical 3-5%, additive 0.00008-0.00011%, surplus is a water.In plating bath, carry out electroless plating according to the screening formulation preparation, the matrix magnesium alloy can not be subjected to bath corrosion, plating speed moderate (per hour being about 15 microns), and the coating that obtains is smooth, coating is in conjunction with good, and have certain corrosion resistance: the anti-neutral salt spray test time can reach 80-120 hour.The preparation of chemical plating solution: dissolve above-mentioned medicine respectively with a small amount of distilled water or deionized water earlier, mix and be diluted to requiring concentration then, adjust the pH value of solution value, so just finished the process for preparation of plating bath to 6.5-7.0.
For magnesium and magnesium alloy chemical nickel plating solution, the sulfate radical, the chlorion that contain higher concentration all can produce bigger corrosion to the magnesium alloy substrate, so the chemical plating fluid that uses on the common iron and steel is not suitable for magnesium alloy.
The present invention addresses the etching problem of plating bath to substrate from the following aspects: at first; before the plating magnesium and magnesium alloy are carried out activation treatment in hydrofluoric acid; form one deck fluorochemical protective membrane on magnesium and the magnesium alloy; this layer fluoride films be the energy stable existence in plating bath, and substrate is had good provide protection: second measure is the fluorochemical that adds capacity in the solution.The fluorion of high density can the new fluoride films of very fast formation, can effectively repair the destructive fluoride films, thereby well at the bottom of the protecting group; The 3rd measure is to adopt high pH value.The 4th is to use stablizer, increases bath stability, reduces the sedimentation velocity of nickel, mainly is embryo deposit speed.Because the embryo deposit of nickel can destroy fluoride films, control embryo deposit speed and also just controlled corrosion.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that chemical plating bath uses single nickel salt to replace basic nickel carbonate and introduces as nickel salt, make magnesium alloy chemical be plated to this and reduce greatly, and the efficient raising is simplified in the preparation of plating bath greatly.The coating that utilizes the present invention to obtain can be used as magnesium and the independent protective layer of magnesium alloy, also can be used as the substrate of general chemistry plating or electrolytic coating.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment one:
Take by weighing medicine by following prescription: single nickel salt 30g, citric acid 20g, hydrofluoric acid (7%) 60mL, inferior sodium phosphate 30g, thiocarbamide 0.001g earlier uses a small amount of dissolved in distilled water respectively with above-mentioned medicine, mixed diluting to 1 liter then, the bath pH value for preparing is 6.5.
With area 0.8dm
2Magnesium alloy AZ91 foundry goods through alkaline degreasing, pickling after the activation, is put into the chemical plating fluid that is heated to 80 ℃, plating 2 hours obtains the uniform and smooth nickel-phosphorus alloy coating that thickness is about 30 μ m on magnesium alloy.Listed the performance of magnesium alloy chemical coating in the table 1.The numerical value of wherein, plating speed is calculated according to following formula by the mean value of 4 samples;
Wherein V is plating speed, m
0Be respectively before the plating with m and the quality of plating back sample, its numerical value is to read on the electronic balance of 0.1mg in precision, and A is the plating area of sample, and ρ is the density of coating, the approximate 8g/cm that is taken as
3, t is a plating time.
The numerical value of phosphorus content is that the ICP emission spectrometer of IRIS Advantage 1000 records by model.
The employing model is that the salt-spray cabinet of SM-FQY010A has carried out the test of coating neutral salt spray (NSS) corrosive with reference to GB6458-86.Be coated with the edge corner angle envelope of silica gel before the test sample.The result of test begins to occur corroding peeling for specimen surface time (h).
The employing model is the hardness that the microhardness tester of MHT-1 have been tested coating.Test load 25g, each sample is surveyed 5 points, averages.
The thermal shock method is adopted in the binding force of cladding material check.
Table one magnesium alloy chemical coated coating performance
| Plating speed, μ m/h | 15 |
| Hardness, HV | 480 |
| Phosphorus content, weight percent | 10.8 |
| Bonding force | Qualified |
| Neutral salt spray test, h | 80-120 |
Embodiment two
Take by weighing medicine by following prescription: single nickel salt 15g, citric acid 10g, ammonium bifluoride 20g, inferior sodium phosphate 15g, Potassium Iodate 0.003g earlier uses a small amount of dissolved in distilled water respectively with above-mentioned medicine, mixed diluting to 1 liter then, the bath pH value for preparing is 7.0.
With area 0.8dm
2Magnesium alloy AZ91 foundry goods through alkaline degreasing, pickling after the activation, is put into the chemical plating fluid that is heated to 80 ℃, plating 2 hours obtains the uniform and smooth nickel-phosphorus alloy coating that thickness is about 20 μ m on magnesium alloy.After tested, binding force of cladding material is qualified, and salt mist experiment can reach 48 hours.
Embodiment three:
Take by weighing medicine by following prescription: single nickel salt 40g, citric acid 30g, Neutral ammonium fluoride 60g, inferior sodium phosphate 40g, plumbic acetate 0.0005g earlier uses a small amount of dissolved in distilled water respectively with above-mentioned medicine, mixed diluting to 1 liter then, the bath pH value for preparing is 7.0.
With area 0.8dm
2Magnesium alloy AZ91 foundry goods through alkaline degreasing, pickling after the activation, is put into the chemical plating fluid that is heated to 80 ℃, plating 2 hours obtains the uniform and smooth nickel-phosphorus alloy coating that thickness is about 30 μ m on magnesium alloy.After tested, binding force of cladding material is qualified, and salt mist experiment can reach 72 hours.
Embodiment four
Take by weighing medicine by following prescription: single nickel salt 30g, citric acid 10g, hydrofluoric acid (70%) 30mL, ammonium bifluoride 20g, inferior sodium phosphate 30g, thiocarbamide 0.001g, earlier above-mentioned medicine is used a small amount of dissolved in distilled water respectively, mixed diluting to 1 liter then, the bath pH value for preparing is 6.5.
With area 0.8dm
2Magnesium alloy AZ91 foundry goods through alkaline degreasing, pickling after the activation, is put into the chemical plating fluid that is heated to 80 ℃, plating 2 hours obtains the uniform and smooth nickel-phosphorus alloy coating that thickness is about 30 μ m on magnesium alloy.After tested, binding force of cladding material is qualified, and salt mist experiment can reach 72 hours.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of magnesium and magnesium alloy chemical plating plating bath, it is characterized in that, each that comprises formed and weight percent is: single nickel salt: 1.5-4%, citric acid: 1-3%, fluorochemical: 2-6%, inferior sodium phosphate: 1.5-4%, additive: 0.00005-0.0003%, surplus is a water, adjusts bath pH value to 6.5-7.0;
Described fluorochemical is one of following medicine: hydrofluoric acid, ammonium bifluoride, Neutral ammonium fluoride;
Described additive is one of following medicine: thiocarbamide, the acetate of lead and cadmium, Potassium Iodate.
2, magnesium according to claim 1 and magnesium alloy chemical plating plating bath is characterized in that, each that comprises formed and weight percent is: single nickel salt 2.5-3.5%, citric acid 1.8-2.2%, fluorochemical 3-5%, inferior sodium phosphate 2.5-3.5%, additive 0.00008-0.00011%, surplus.
3, magnesium according to claim 1 and 2 and magnesium alloy chemical plating plating bath is characterized in that, water is with deionized water or distilled water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410017369XA CN1304634C (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2004-04-01 | Bath formula of chemical plating for magnesium and magnesium alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410017369XA CN1304634C (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2004-04-01 | Bath formula of chemical plating for magnesium and magnesium alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1563488A CN1563488A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
| CN1304634C true CN1304634C (en) | 2007-03-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410017369XA Expired - Fee Related CN1304634C (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2004-04-01 | Bath formula of chemical plating for magnesium and magnesium alloy |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102817019A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-12-12 | 西安理工大学 | Plating solution for chemical plating of nickel-phosphorus metal layer on surface of magnesium alloy as well as preparation and use method for plating solution |
| CN105239125A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-13 | 无锡桥阳机械制造有限公司 | Electroplating technology |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1323919A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2001-11-28 | 上海交通大学 | Acid chemical plating liquid of nickel-base multicomponent alloy resisting corrosion of sea water |
| JP2003073843A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-12 | Hiroshima Pref Gov | Electroless nickel plating method for magnesium alloy material |
| CN1434149A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-08-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing corrosion-resisting wearing-resisting coat used for magnesium and alloy thereof |
| JP2004068087A (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Meltex Inc | Electroless nickel plating solution for magnesium alloy |
-
2004
- 2004-04-01 CN CNB200410017369XA patent/CN1304634C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1323919A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2001-11-28 | 上海交通大学 | Acid chemical plating liquid of nickel-base multicomponent alloy resisting corrosion of sea water |
| JP2003073843A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-12 | Hiroshima Pref Gov | Electroless nickel plating method for magnesium alloy material |
| CN1434149A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-08-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing corrosion-resisting wearing-resisting coat used for magnesium and alloy thereof |
| JP2004068087A (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Meltex Inc | Electroless nickel plating solution for magnesium alloy |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1563488A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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