CN101319316B - Method for chemical nickel plating on aluminum and aluminum alloy surface - Google Patents
Method for chemical nickel plating on aluminum and aluminum alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN101319316B CN101319316B CN200810029009XA CN200810029009A CN101319316B CN 101319316 B CN101319316 B CN 101319316B CN 200810029009X A CN200810029009X A CN 200810029009XA CN 200810029009 A CN200810029009 A CN 200810029009A CN 101319316 B CN101319316 B CN 101319316B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for chemically plating nickel on the surfaces of aluminum and an aluminum alloy, comprising the steps of surface oil removal, water washing, acid etching, water washing, catalytic liquid processing, and chemical nickel plating. In this invention, the 'catalytic liquid' of a complexing agent having a capacity of pre-planting catalytic particle is used to treat and directly deposit dispersed particles having a catalytic activity on the surfaces of the aluminum and an aluminum alloy matrix at a room temperature by controlling the components, pH value and processing time of the catalytic liquid, and the pre-planted catalytic active particles induce a chemical plating solution to deposit a nickel-base ally coating with favorable binding performance with the matrix. The method can form a very thin Ni layer on the surfaces of the aluminum and aluminum alloy to induce the deposition of a nickel-base alloy without adopting the method for pre-processing of zinc dipping and so on, thereby simplifying the prior process for chemically plating ickel-base alloy by the aluminum and aluminum alloy with low cost and high rate of finished products and evenly compact of the obtained nickel-base alloy coating, and having good binding performance with aluminum and aluminum alloy matrix and good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal material surface treatment technology, be specifically related to a kind of method at aluminium and chemical nickel plating on surface of aluminum alloy.
Background technology
Electroless plating is meant and does not need power supply and rely on the catalyzed reaction ejected electron of reductive agent in the solution to make metal ion be reduced into the process of atoms metal.Electroless plating is material surface wear resistance and corrosion proof a kind of surface reinforcing methods such as raising metal, the Ni-based alloy layer of electroless plating have good solidity to corrosion and wear resistance, hardness height, thickness evenly, bonding force will be got well than electrolytic coating and characteristics such as good surface smooth finish, now has been widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronic industry, petrochemical complex, precision instrument, machinery, weaving and automobile and other industries.
Aluminium and aluminium alloy have light weight, and specific tenacity height etc. are specific, and alumina is the important metallic substance that a class consumption is only second to iron and steel, has obtained application more and more widely in modern industry.The serious weakness of alumina is shortcomings such as matter is soft, frictional coefficient is high, wearing and tearing are big, the visitor easily pulls and be difficult to lubricate.The Ni-based alloy of electroless plating is a kind of new modified technology of aluminum alloy surface, can improve surface hardness, erosion resistance, wear resistance, welding property and the magnetic property of aluminium and aluminium alloy.Development is very fast abroad since 20th century the mid-80s, and american chemical nickel plating accounts for 25% of aluminium alloy plating, extensively adopts in neck cities such as military affairs, electronics, space flight, computer, machinery, automobiles now.
Aluminium is the more active metal of a kind of chemical property, and there is natural, the fine and close oxide film of one deck on the surface of aluminium, and the thickness of this tunic is about 50nm, does not remove it, just is difficult to obtain the coating in conjunction with good, and can forms rapidly in atmosphere after removing.The electropotential of aluminium is very negative, is easy to lose electronics, when immersing plating bath, can replacement(metathesis)reaction take place immediately with multiple metal ion, thereby make other metal and aluminum products surface form tectorium, it is very poor with high base strength, so has a strong impact on the bonding force of coating and matrix.Generally be between matrix metal and coating, produce both good with the base aluminum bonding force, simultaneously good with binding force of cladding material again middle layer, make the generation again that behind the natural oxide film of removing the aluminium surface, can prevent oxide film, and prevent that part from immersing the reaction that produces the displacement metal of loose rough surface in the plating bath, could guarantee normally carrying out and obtaining the good coating of bonding force of electroless plating like this.
Up to now, researching and developing also, the application technology method mainly is to adopt the zinc-pre-plating layer method of soaking.Abroad the pre-treatment before aluminium and the aluminum alloy chemically plating is divided into six roads usually, that is: soaks zinc → nitric acid oil removing → etch → first time and soak the chemical nickel plating of zinc → alkaline chemical nickel-plating → normally stripping → the second time.Soak the layer of zinc as thin as a wafer that obtains behind the zinc and when chemical nickel plating, almost completely dissolve, poison plating bath.Therefore soak carry out earlier behind the zinc flash chemical nickel as preplating to prolong the work-ing life of main coating bath solution.Dip galvanizing technique complex process, its main drawback are in the corrosive atmosphere of humidity, and zinc is anode with respect to nickel coating, will be subjected to lateral encroaching, finally cause nickel dam to peel off.In addition, transition zinc layer fusing point is low, has limited range of application, and soaks that one more nitric acid moves back the zinc operation between the zinc for twice, pollutes production environment.Zinc-impregnating layer also pollutes chemical nickel-plating solution.And the present commodity that adopt soak zinc liquid and contain prussiate, and hazardness is big, does not meet environmental requirement.
At the problem that double zincate process exists, Chinese scholars has been launched research to the electroless plating pre-treatment of aluminium and aluminium alloy.Yan Jun, Wang Hangfang etc. have carried out the research of aluminium and aluminium alloy direct chemical copper-plating technique, but need to add multiple organic chemistry material.The report that causes chemical nickel plating at aluminium surface replacement one deck nickel is also arranged, but this technology is carried out between 40～60 ℃.Also have the wicking layer, soak aluminium and aluminium alloy pre-treating technologies such as copper method, laser method.No matter be secondary soaking zinc method or soaking the nickel method all is to form the deposition that the very thin Ni layer of one deck brings out nickel-base alloy on aluminum alloy surface, technology is loaded down with trivial details.Patent of invention 02133822.1 is soaked nickel liquid before disclosing a kind of aluminium and Electroless Nickel Plating of Aluminum Alloy plating, this invention can be simplified aluminium and Electroless Nickel Plating of Aluminum Alloy technology, but contained component is more, also needs to form a middle transition nickel dam on aluminium and alloy matrix aluminum, does not also state operating process in the literary composition.Patent of invention 200510100994.5 has been reported the process for chemical nickel plating on surface of aluminum alloy of a kind of siliceous, copper, magnesium, though this method has been simplified technology, this invention process object is the aluminium alloy of siliceous, copper, magnesium, and also need dry after the surface passivation in the technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method at aluminium and chemical nickel plating on surface of aluminum alloy, promptly at room temperature aluminium and aluminium alloy directly deposit the discrete particle with catalytic activity in aluminium and aluminium alloy matrix surface after catalytic liquid is handled, these catalytic activity particles of planting in advance bring out the method that deposits with the well behaved nickel alloy plating layer of matrix bond in chemical plating fluid, solve the problems such as complex process, contaminate environment, power consumption, poor corrosion resistance and coating adhesion difference that exist in the prior art.
A kind of method at aluminium and chemical nickel plating on surface of aluminum alloy provided by the invention comprises following processing step:
1) cleaning oil removing;
2) distilled water flushing, room temperature;
3) acid etching, room temperature 10～60s;
4) distilled water flushing, room temperature;
5) catalytic liquid is handled, and 15 ℃～35 ℃, 10～60s, each moiety and concentration thereof are in the catalytic liquid:
Nickel salt 10～55g/L
Complexing agent 80～150g/L
The deionized water surplus;
PH value: 8～14;
6) nickel plating base alloy;
7) stop plating, sample dries up.
Described step 2) solution used of acid etching is that to contain volume ratio be that 20%～60% nitric acid and volume ratio are 0.1～5.0% the hydrofluoric acid and the mixing solutions of balance of deionized water in, and the acid etching time is 10～60 seconds.
Nickel salt during catalytic liquid is handled in the described step 5) in the used catalytic liquid solution is one or more compound in nickelous chloride, nickel sulfamic acid, nickelous hypophosphite, nickelous carbonate, single nickel salt or the nickelous nitrate.
Network during catalytic liquid is handled in the described step 5) in the used catalytic liquid solution and agent are one or more compound in lactic acid, acetic acid, oxysuccinic acid, citric acid, sodium-acetate, Trisodium Citrate or the boric acid.
Above-mentioned aluminium and aluminium alloy are directly put into chemical plating fluid and are carried out plating after catalytic liquid is handled..
The present invention has following advantage:
1. employing the inventive method is handled without soaking zinc, has simplified the technology of traditional Electroless Nickel Plating of Aluminum Alloy, has reduced cost.
2. employing the inventive method is handled without soaking zinc, need not nitric acid and moves back the zinc operation, avoids polluting production environment, has reduced the healthy effect to operator.
3. employing the inventive method is handled without soaking zinc, can not pollute and poisons chemical nickel-plating solution, prolongs the work-ing life of main coating bath solution.
4. employing the inventive method, catalytic liquid are handled and at room temperature carried out, and do not need heating, and be energy-saving and cost-reducing.
5. employing the inventive method, the gained nickel alloy plating layer combines well with aluminium and alloy matrix aluminum, the coating even compact, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, hardness is high, has the good metal outward appearance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this.
Embodiment 1
Fine aluminium is handled by following operation steps:
1) cleaning oil removing, distilled water flushing, room temperature;
2) use and to contain 20% nitric acid and 1% HF acid solution, handle 30s under the room temperature, distilled water flushing;
3) use contains in the mixing solutions of nickelous chloride 15g/L and sodium-acetate 112g/L, and under 25 ℃, the treatment time is 40s;
4) chemical plating Mi-P alloy;
5) stop plating, sample dries up.
Embodiment 2
The LY12 aluminium alloy is handled by following operation steps:
1) cleaning oil removing, distilled water flushing, room temperature;
2) use and to contain 50% nitric acid and 0.5% HF acid solution, handle 60s under the room temperature, distilled water flushing;
3) use contains in the mixing solutions of nickelous nitrate 10g/L and lactic acid 90g/L, and at 30 ℃, the treatment time is 15s;
4) Electroless Ni-W-P Alloy Coating;
5) stop plating, sample dries up.
Embodiment 3
6063 aluminium alloys are handled by following operation steps:
1) cleaning oil removing, distilled water flushing, room temperature;
2) use and to contain 50% nitric acid and 0.5% HF acid solution, handle 60s under the room temperature, distilled water flushing;
3) use contains in the mixing solutions of nickelous carbonate 40g/L, Trisodium Citrate 95g/L and boric acid 15g/L, and at 20 ℃, the treatment time is 25s;
4) electroless plating plating Ni-Co-P alloy;
5) stop plating, sample dries up.
The aluminium alloy nickel plating base alloy components that adopts above-mentioned technology to obtain, through the bonding force test, its result is shown in subordinate list 1.
Subordinate list 1: the Ni-based alloy layer bonding properties of the electroless plating test result that adopts the inventive method to obtain
Claims (5)
1. the method at aluminium and chemical nickel plating on surface of aluminum alloy is characterized in that, this method comprises following processing step:
1) cleaning oil removing;
2) distilled water flushing, room temperature;
3) acid etching, room temperature 10～60 seconds;
4) distilled water flushing, room temperature;
5) catalytic liquid is handled, and 15 ℃～35 ℃, 10～60 seconds, each moiety and concentration thereof were in the catalytic liquid: nickel salt 10～55g/L, complexing agent 80～150g/L, deionized water surplus; PH value: 8～14;
6) nickel plating base alloy;
7) stop plating, sample dries up.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2) solution used of acid etching is that to contain volume ratio be that 20%～60% nitric acid and volume ratio are 0.1～5.0% the hydrofluoric acid and the mixing solutions of balance of deionized water in, and the acid etching time is 10～60 seconds.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the nickel salt during catalytic liquid is handled in the described step 5) in the used catalytic liquid solution is one or more compound in nickelous chloride, nickel sulfamic acid, nickelous hypophosphite, nickelous carbonate, single nickel salt or the nickelous nitrate.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, network during catalytic liquid is handled in the described step 5) in the used catalytic liquid solution and agent are one or more compound in lactic acid, acetic acid, oxysuccinic acid, citric acid, sodium-acetate, Trisodium Citrate or the boric acid.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned aluminium and aluminium alloy are directly put into chemical plating fluid and carried out plating after catalytic liquid is handled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810029009XA CN101319316B (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Method for chemical nickel plating on aluminum and aluminum alloy surface |
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| CN200810029009XA CN101319316B (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Method for chemical nickel plating on aluminum and aluminum alloy surface |
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| CN101319316A CN101319316A (en) | 2008-12-10 |
| CN101319316B true CN101319316B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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| CN102856694B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2015-02-25 | 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 | Electric connector terminal |
| CN103103508A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-15 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | Surface treatment method for aluminum or aluminum alloy and product prepared thereby |
| CN102400120A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-04-04 | 广东东硕科技有限公司 | Chemical nickel deposition solution |
| CN102936741A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-02-20 | 广东工业大学 | Nickel base alloy pre-planting electroplating method for aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN103556196A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-05 | 山东国强五金科技有限公司 | Stainless steel imitated surface treatment method for zinc alloy part |
| CN103668200B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-06-08 | 常熟市大康汽车座垫有限责任公司 | Aluminium alloy surface treatment method |
| CN103668135A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-26 | 常熟柏科汽车零件再制造有限公司 | Method used for processing surfaces of starter aluminium alloy shell |
| CN104894546B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-09-29 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | A kind of pretreatment fluid and its application method for being used to prepare conversion film in aluminum alloy surface |
| CN104928670B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2018-05-29 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | A kind of method for preparing conversion film in aluminum alloy surface |
| CN110117783A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-13 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method of Electroless Nickel Plating of Aluminum Alloy mixed metal activation |
| CN110453205B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-01-12 | 珠海市兴铝电子科技有限公司 | Chemical nickel plating process for aluminum foil material circuit board |
| CN111893464A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-06 | 西安工业大学 | Preparation method for plating Ni-P film on surface of aluminum alloy substrate |
| CN112251739B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-09-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Aluminum-induced chemical plating method for pre-plating copper film |
| CN113122846B (en) * | 2021-04-03 | 2023-04-28 | 昆山陆新新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy metal plating part |
| CN113106431B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2023-03-28 | 深圳市优讯佳电子科技有限公司 | Storage medium for heat assisted magnetic recording and preparation method thereof |
| CN113529079B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-10-31 | 惠州市安泰普表面处理科技有限公司 | Method for chemically plating nickel on surface of aluminum alloy |
| CN113774441A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-10 | 左利芸 | Aluminum alloy coating composite material |
| CN113913799A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of connecting piece for aviation power distribution |
| CN115341202B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2024-04-02 | 惠州市安泰普表面处理科技有限公司 | Activating solution for aluminum alloy before chemical nickel plating and pretreatment method |
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