The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly make that wind power generation plant mechanical structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, reliable, wind energy utilization is high, the stable wind power generation of power supply send transformation device.
For achieving the above object, one of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of device that improves the wind power generation capacity usage ratio, and this device rises voltage stabilizing circuit, storage battery, SPWM half-bridge converter and output filter by rectifier filter, wide region pump and forms; Two outputs of input 1, the 2 order phase permanent magnet generatores of rectifier filter, its output 3,4 connects the input that the wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit, and the output 5,4 that the wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit meets storage battery B respectively
1Positive pole and negative pole, the SPWM half-bridge converter two the input termination end 5, the end 4, output 6,7 connects the input of output filter respectively, output 8, the 9 order phase loads of output filter.
Rectifier filter is by diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4With capacitor C
1Form; D
1And D
2, D
3And D
4Be connected into single-phase rectification bridge and C
1Parallel connection forms output 3,4, and two other interface of this rectifier bridge forms input 1,2.
The wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit by reactor L
1, switch transistor T
1, diode D
5, capacitor C
2, C
3, resistance R
1, R
2, driver element Q
1With control unit DY
1Form; L
1Connect end 3, another termination D
5Positive pole and T
1, T
1Control termination Q
1, another termination common port 4, R
1And R
2Series connection back and C
1, C
3Parallel connection, R
1End and D
5Negative pole connects formation output 5, R
2End links R with common port 4
1And R
2Tie point meet DY
1End 1, Q
1Another termination DY
1End 2.
The SPWM half-bridge converter is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, driver element Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22With Single-phase SPWM generator DY
2, voltage negative feedback unit DY
3, over-current detection unit DY
4Form; T
11And T
12, T
21And T
22, D
11And D
12, D
21And D
22Be connected across on end 5, the end 4 T respectively after the series connection
11And T
12, D
11And D
12The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 7 to connect inductance L
2, T
21And T
22, D
21And D
22The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 6 to connect inductance L
2In addition end, Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22Two ends separately be connected on T respectively
11, T
12, T
21, T
22The control utmost point and DY
2Output on, DY
2respectively import termination DY
3, DY
4Output, DY
3Two inputs connect respectively the end 6,7, DY
4Two inputs meet current transformer S respectively
41, S
42
Output filter is by inductance L
2With capacitor C
41, C
42, C
43Form; L
2Be made of two groups of coils, wherein a winding is on end 6,8, and C is being held on 7,9 in another winding
41And C
42Series connection back and C
43Be connected in parallel on the end 8,9 C together
41And C
42The middle interface of series connection connects end 4.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of transformation device that send that improves the wind power generation capacity usage ratio, and this device is controlled three phase inverter bridge by PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, storage battery, SPWM, and three groups of LC filters and common port PE form; The input 1 of PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, end 2, end 3 connect three outputs of three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator respectively, its common port PE connects the neutral point of three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator, and two outputs 8 of PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, end 9 meet series connection storage battery B respectively
11, B
12Two ends, its another output 7 meets storage battery B
11, B
12Middle interface after connect PE end again; Positive-negative power termination end 8, the end 9 of SPWM control three phase inverter bridge, its three-phase output end connects end 10, end 11, the end 12 of three groups of LC filters, the earth point of three groups of LC filters meets PE, and its three outputs 13, end 14, end 15 connect U, V, the W end of threephase load, and the PE utmost point connects the neutral point of load.
PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit is by reactor L
11, L
12, L
13, diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, D
6, capacitor C
11, C
12, C
13, C
21, C
22, C
31, C
32, resistance R
31, R
32, R
33, R
11, R
12, R
21, R
22, rectifier bridge Z
1, Z
2, Z
3, switching tube Q
1, Q
2, Q
3, detect control drive unit DY
1, DY
2, DY
3, testing circuit DY
4Form; Z
1, Z
2, Z
3Each ac input end be connected across respectively the end 4, the end 5, the end 6 and common port PE on, its each rectification output end meets Q respectively
1, Q
2, Q
3Source electrode and drain electrode, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3The control utmost point and source electrode 27,28,29,30,31,32 meet control unit DY respectively
1, DY
2, DY
3Output.DY
1, DY
2, DY
3Input current signal end 16,19,22 meet current transformer S respectively
11, S
12, S
13, its input voltage signal end 18,21,24 meets R respectively
31, R
32, R
33, R
31, R
32, R
33The other end connect end 1, end 2, end 3 and C respectively
11, C
12, C
13, C
11, C
12, C
13Another termination PE end; DY
4Two the input termination end 25,26, ground wire meets PE, its three output meets DY respectively
1, DY
2, DY
3End 17,20,23; D
1And D
2, D
3And D
4, D
5And D
6Be connected across on end 8, the end 9 after being connected into three-phase commutation bridge, its AC input terminal meets end 4, end 5, end 6, C respectively
21And C
22, C
31And C
32Be connected across after the series connection respectively on end 8, the end 9, become end 7 and PE to join after its interface joins; R
11, R
12, R
22, R
21Be connected across after the series connection on end 8, the end 9, interface meets PE in the middle of it, and two tie points 25,26 meet DY in addition
4L
11, L
12, L
13Be connected on end 1,4 respectively, end 2,5 is between the end 3,6.
SPWM control three phase inverter bridge is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, T
31, T
32, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, D
31, D
32, driving stage Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Q
31, Q
32, three-phase SPWM generator DY
5, voltage negative feedback unit DY
7, over-current detection unit DY
8Form; T
11And T
12, T
21And T
22, T
31And T
32, D
11And D
12, D
21And D
22, D
31And D
32Be connected across on end 8, the end 9 T respectively after the series connection
11And T
12, D
11And D
12The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 10 to meet reactor L
41, T
21And T
22, D
21And D
22The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 11 to meet reactor L
42, T
31And T
32, D
31And D
32The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 12 to meet reactor L
43, Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Q
31, Q
32Two ends separately be connected on T respectively
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, T
31, T
32The control utmost point and DY
5Output on, DY
5Each input control termination DY
6, DY
7, DY
8Output, DY
7Three inputs connect respectively the end 10,11,12, DY
8Three inputs meet current transformer S respectively
51, S
52, S
53
Three groups of LC filters are by reactor L
41, L
42, L
43With capacitor C
41, C
42, C
43Form; L
41And C
41, L
42And C
42, L
43And C
43Series connection respectively, its reactor end connects end 10,11,12 respectively, and capacitor termination PE, the mid point after the series connection become three outputs of this device respectively.
The system that is made of first technical scheme is adapted to the single-phase unit of small-size wind power-generating of isolated operation, and three camera set to medium above capacity can adopt second technical scheme.Simultaneously second technical scheme is also applicable to the situation of wind power generation and electrical network parallel running.
Because the present invention has adopted the wide region pump to rise voltage stabilizing circuit or PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, make low velocity wind energy and be interrupted unstable wind energy and be fully used, because realization of the present invention, wind energy receiving device needn't be made the variable pitch structure, traditional governing system will no longer need, thereby make wind energy conversion system simple in structure, cheap, operating cost is low, it is more reliable and more stable to power.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 2, a kind of single-phase wind power generation shown in Figure 4 send transformation device, and this device rises voltage stabilizing circuit, storage battery, SPWM half-bridge converter and output filter by rectifier filter, wide region pump and forms; Two outputs of input 1, the 2 order phase permanent magnet generatores of rectifier filter, its output 3,4 connects the input that the wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit, and the output 5,4 that the wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit meets storage battery B respectively
1Positive pole and negative pole, the SPWM half-bridge converter two the input termination end 5, the end 4, output 6,7 connects the input of output filter respectively, output 8, the 9 order phase loads of output filter.
Rectifier filter is by diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4With capacitor C
1Form; D
1And D
2, D
3And D
4Be connected into behind the single-phase rectification bridge and C
1Parallel connection forms output 3,4, and two other interface of this rectifier bridge forms input 1,2.
The wide region pump rises voltage stabilizing circuit by reactor L
1, switch transistor T
1, diode D
5, capacitor C
2, C
3, resistance R
1, R
2, driver element Q
1With control unit DY
1Form; L
1Connect end 3, another termination D
5Positive pole and T
1, T
1Control termination Q
1, another termination common port 4, R
1And R
2Series connection back and C
1, C
3Parallel connection, R
1End and D
5Negative pole connects formation output 5, R
2End links R with common port 4
1And R
2Tie point meet DY
1End 1, Q
1Another termination DY
1End 2.
The SPWM half-bridge converter is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, driver element Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22With Single-phase SPWM generator DY
2, voltage negative feedback unit DY
3, over-current detection unit DY
4Form; T
11And T
12, T
21And T
22, D
11And D
12, D
21And D
22Be connected across on end 5, the end 4 T respectively after the series connection
11And T
12, D
11And D
12The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 7 to connect inductance L
2, T
21And T
22, D
21And D
22The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 6 to connect inductance L
2In addition end, Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22Two ends separately be connected on T respectively
11, T
12, T
21, T
22The control utmost point and DY
2Output on, DY
2respectively import termination DY
3, DY
4Output, DY
3Two inputs connect respectively the end 6,7, DY
4Two inputs meet current transformer S respectively
41, S
42
Output filter is by inductance L
2With capacitor C
41, C
42, C
43Form; L
2Be made of two groups of coils, wherein a winding is on end 6,8, and C is being held on 7,9 in another winding
41And C
42Series connection back and C
43Be connected in parallel on the end 8,9 C together
41And C
42The middle interface of series connection connects end 4.
Wind energy conversion system FL is a fixing slurry distance, the high-efficient wind turbine that possesses the aerodynamics requirement, its output shaft drives a magneto alternator FD, because used fixedpiston wind energy conversion system and magneto alternator, makes this two-part designs simplification, cost reduce, safeguard simple.
Generator FD output is received by D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4On the full-wave rectification brachium pontis that diode is formed, the output of rectifier bridge meets capacitive filter C
1, when generator for electricity generation, capacitor C
1On be charged to the peak value of generator output voltage.
Capacitor C
1Two terminate to by reactor L
1, switch transistor T
1, diode D
5, capacitor C
2, C
3, resistance R
1, R
2, driver element Q
1, control unit DY
1The wide region pump of being formed rises voltage stabilizing circuit, the switch transistor T of this circuit
1, be connected on reactor L
1With diode D
5Between, resistance R
1, R
2After the voltage that has raise carried out the dividing potential drop sampling, sampling voltage delivered to cells D Y
1, capacitor C
2, C
3Be connected on diode D
5Afterwards, at C
2, C
3The last voltage that has obtained to raise as single-phase wind generator system, generally is raised to voltage about 390V, and capacitor C
1On voltage can be in 100-300V wide region change, it is from unsettled wind power generation voltage, the simple principle that pump rises is T
1Capacitor C during conducting
1On electric energy be stored in L in the magnetic energy mode of electric current
1In, work as T
1During shutoff, L
1On magnetic energy change high voltage into and pass through D
5To C
2, C
3Charging is through R
1, R
2Dividing potential drop obtains the feedback voltage signal after boosting, again through DY
1The unit is to T
1Adjust, make T
1Pulse break-make interval variation, thereby stablize C
2, C
3On voltage.
Storage battery B
1By switch J
1Same C
2, C
3Parallel connection, the pump up voltage passes through D
5To C
2, C
3In the time of charging, in fact to storage battery B
1Charging in storage battery, in order to change battery, is provided with switch J with electrical power storage
1,, be provided with current sensor S for safe charging
1, by S
1Obtain the charging current signal, in case as generation, the then S of overcharging
1The signal of output passes through DY
1Control T after the cell processing
1, make charging current not too large.
Battery B
1What connect later is inverter bridge, and it is transformed into alternating current with high direct voltage (390V), and this inverter bridge is with SPWM mode (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) work, and it is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, driver element Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Single-phase SPWM generator DY
2Unit, voltage negative feedback unit DY
3, over-current detection unit DY
4Form.Its output becomes the series of rectangular ripple of Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation, and through behind the filter, what export to load still is sinusoidal wave.DY
3And DY
4The effect of two unit makes the output voltage of inverter bridge stablize because of negative feedback, and electric current is because of S
41, S
42The sampling and monitored, in case external loading generation overcurrent, inverter can not exported super-high-current and suffer damage.
The a large amount of interference that produce in order to eliminate SPWM modulation, electrical appliance on every side is unfavorable and capacity load to the infringement of inverter, inserted by L between inverter and the load
2, C
41, C
42, C
43The output filter of forming disturbs pulse feature and is suppressed.
Fig. 3, a kind of three-phase wind power generation shown in Figure 5 send transformation device, and this device is controlled three phase inverter bridge by PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, storage battery, SPWM, and three groups of LC filters and common port PE form; The input 1 of PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, end 2, end 3 connect three outputs of three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator respectively, its common port PE connects the neutral point of three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator, and two outputs 8 of PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit, end 9 meet series connection storage battery B respectively
11, B
12Two ends, its another output 7 meets storage battery B
11, B
12Middle interface after connect PE end again; Positive-negative power termination end 8, the end 9 of SPWM control three phase inverter bridge, its three-phase output end connects end 10, end 11, the end 12 of three groups of LC filters, the earth point of three groups of LC filters meets PE, and its three outputs 13, end 14, end 15 connect U, V, the W end of threephase load, and the PE utmost point connects the neutral point of load.
PFC type three phase rectifier filter circuit is by reactor L
11, L
12, L
13, diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, D
6, capacitor C
11, C
12, C
13, C
21, C
22, C
31, C
32, resistance R
31, R
32, R
33, R
11, R
12, R
21, R
22, rectifier bridge Z
1, Z
2, Z
3, switching tube Q
1, Q
2, Q
3, detect control drive unit DY
1, DY
2, DY
3, testing circuit DY
4Form; Z
1, Z
2, Z
3Each ac input end be connected across respectively the end 4, the end 5, the end 6 and common port PE on, its each rectification output end meets Q respectively
1, Q
2, Q
3Source electrode and drain electrode, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3The control utmost point and source electrode 27,28,29,30,31,32 meet control unit DY respectively
1, DY
2, DY
3Output.DY
1, DY
2, DY
3Input current signal end 16,19,22 meet current transformer S respectively
11, S
12, S
13, its input voltage signal end 18,21,24 meets R respectively
31, R
32, R
33, R
31, R
32, R
33The other end connect end 1, end 2, end 3 and C respectively
11, C
12, C
13, C
11, C
12, C
13Another termination PE end; DY
4Two the input termination end 25,26, ground wire meets PE, its three output meets DY respectively
1, DY
2, DY
3End 17,20,23; D
1And D
2, D
3And D
4, D
5And D
6Be connected across on end 8, the end 9 after being connected into three-phase commutation bridge, its AC input terminal meets end 4, end 5, end 6, C respectively
21And C
22, C
31And C
32Be connected across after the series connection respectively on end 8, the end 9, become end 7 and PE to join after its interface joins; R
11, R
12, R
22, R
21Be connected across after the series connection on end 8, the end 9, interface meets PE in the middle of it, and two tie points 25,26 meet DY in addition
4L
11, L
12, L
13Be connected on end 1,4 respectively, end 2,5 is between the end 3,6.
SPWM control three phase inverter bridge is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, T
31, T
32, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, D
31, D
32, driving stage Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Q
31, Q
32, three-phase SPWM generator DY
5, voltage negative feedback unit DY
7, over-current detection unit DY
8Form; T
11And T
12, T
21And T
22, T
31And T
32, D
11And D
12, D
21And D
22, D
31And D
32Be connected across on end 8, the end 9 T respectively after the series connection
11And T
12, D
11And D
12The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 10 to meet reactor L
41, T
21And T
22, D
21And D
22The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 11 to meet reactor L
42, T
31And T
32, D
31And D
32The series connection mid point connect the back and become end 12 to meet reactor L
43, Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Q
31, Q
32Two ends separately be connected on T respectively
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, T
31, T
32The control utmost point and DY
5Output on, DY
5Each input control termination DY
6, DY
7, DY
8Output, DY
7Three inputs connect respectively the end 10,11,12, DY
8Three inputs meet current transformer S respectively
51, S
52, S
53
Three groups of LC filters are by reactor L
41, L
42, L
43With capacitor C
41, C
42, C
43Form; L
41And C
41, L
42And C
42, L
43And C
43Series connection respectively, its reactor end connects end 10,11,12 respectively, and capacitor termination PE, the mid point after the series connection become three outputs of this device respectively.
As seen from Figure 5, it has changed following content than Fig. 4: used three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator, rectifier filter and wide region pump have been risen voltage stabilizing circuit replaced by PFC type current rectifying and wave filtering circuit; The SPWM half-bridge converter makes the SPWM three phase inverter bridge into; Increased phase-locked Synchronization Control link.
Wind energy conversion system FL drives three-phase permanent magnet electricity generator FD, and the three phase winding output ACs electricity AC200-400V of FD sends into PFC type current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.The PFC type circuit that uses is connected into the three-phase form, and every all have reactor (L mutually
11, L
12, L
13) and positive negative value rectifier filter (D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5, D
6And C
21, C
31, C
22, C
32), pulse-width modulation drive circuit (Z
1, Z
2, Z
3, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3) input power factor correction control circuit for pulse-width modulation (DY
1, DY
2, DY3
1The unit), by sample resistance R
11, R
12, R
21, R
22The positive negative value rectifier output voltage testing circuit DY of signal is provided
4Deng form.Provide optimum power factor by these PFC type current rectifying and wave filtering circuits that constitute to generator FD, FD sends voltage when wide region changes, can both be made into its voltage+390V and-390V.
Capacitor C
21, C
31And C
22, C
32Be used for constituting the energy storage and the filter circuit of the three phase inverter bridge of the alternating current path of PFC type circuit and back, two groups of high voltage storage battery B that voltage equates
11And B
12Storage ± 390V direct current, it stores with the direct current form after the voltage lifting and feedback stability of pfc circuit passed through in wind-driven generator instability energy source.
SPWM control three phase inverter bridge is by switch transistor T
11, T
12, T
21, T
22, T
31, T
32, continued flow tube D
11, D
12, D
21, D
22, D
31, D
32, driving stage Q
11, Q
12, Q
21, Q
22, Q
31, Q
32Form, its signal is from three-phase SPWM generator DY
5, the SPWM generator is a three-phase sine-wave pulse-width modulator, the signal that it produces makes T
11-T
32Switch on request, thereby the pulse of sine law modulation is pressed in output, owing to be subjected to voltage feedback unit DY
7With current feedback cells D Y
8Control, the three phase sine voltage amplitude of output is stablized, the inverter power element is protected during output overloading.
In order to eliminate the interference that brings because of pulse modulation, at output L
41, C
41, L
42, C
42, L
43, C
43The filter that constitutes purifies output voltage, makes the user obtain high-quality sinusoidal voltage.
S
11, S
12, S
13And S
51, S
52, S
53Be respectively input and output end current instrument transformer, respectively to pfc circuit (DY
1, DY
2, DY
3) and over-current detection unit (DY
8) current signal is provided.
Diverter switch J
31, J
32Be used for the switching that the wind power generation plant power supply is transformed into mains supply, and the parallel running of these two electric systems is switched.Energy storage storage battery B in wind power generation plant is used as specially when electrical network provides the use occasion of electric energy, and this installs
11, B
12Can save, with the total cost of economy system.
For the voltage-phase that strictly makes the wind power generation three-phase electricity with the electrical network unanimity, to guarantee the parallel running of two systems, introduced phase-locked synchronous control unit DY
6
Each part and the unit of above circuit all are existing current techiques, and these circuit make the unstable energy of wind power generation stably to utilize through combination of the present invention, have improved the wind power generation energy utilization ratio.
Be converted to the device of electric energy for other unstable energy,, can use circuit theory of the present invention equally, unsettled electric energy is changed into the AC energy of amplitude and frequency stabilization as morning and evening tides generating, wave-power device.