Overrunning clutch
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of overrunning clutch, this overrunning clutch comprises: inner race; Outer race; In the space in roller, this roller are arranged between the outer race; And elastic member, in the space in this elastic member is arranged between the outer race, and be merely able to along the specific direction transmission.
Background technique
Fig. 5 by case representation the sectional view of critical piece of common overrunning clutch.With reference to figure 5, common overrunning clutch 001 comprises: inner race 002, this inner race 002 rotate by external impetus; Outer race 003, this outer race 003 is used for to the driven member transmission around inner race 002, and is provided with depression 004; Roller 005, this roller 005 are arranged in this depression 004; And spring, this spring is pushed roller 005 along specific direction.
In the following description, the spring direction that promotes roller is called " forwards to ".In the surface of depression 004, bottom surface 004a (that is) bending on the surface of the outer circumferential side of outer race, like this, depression is littler in the degree of depth at its front end place.Therefore, between the periphery of this bottom surface 004a and inner race 002, form the inclined spaces that diminishes gradually along the direction of spring 006 promotion roller.When the overrunning clutch transfixion, roller 005 presses the outer surface of inner race 002 and the bottom surface of depression 004 by spring 006, and keeps being still in the basic center of depression 004.In the following description, the stop position when the roller maintenance is still in the basic middle part of depression is called " static roller stop position ".
When inner race 002 during along the rotation of the direction of arrow W, roller 005 stops up in the space that turns forward between the bottom surface 004a of the periphery that is formed at inner race 002 and depression 004.Therefore, from inner race 002 to outer race 003 transmission, thereby make outer race 003 along the sense of rotation of inner race 002 and rotate.Driven member is fixed on the outer race 003 by unshowned bolt is screwed in the tapped hole 003a that is formed in the outer race 003.Therefore, this driven member rotates by the power that passes to outer race 003.When inner race 002 rotated with respect to outer race 003 in the opposite direction along the side with arrow W, roller 005 discharged, and will not carry out transmission.
Usually, three rollers 005 such as are arranged at center angle intervals (around the angle intervals of central axis), like this, and roller 005 and inner race even contact.When overrunning clutch bears than heavy load, the multiplication of the number of roller.The number of depression 004 equals the number of roller.Equally, the number of tapped hole 003a also is three, so that reliably driven member is installed on the outer race.These tapped holes 003a equates from the distance at outer race center, and the center angle intervals such as is arranged to.Overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 5 has six rollers, six depressions and three tapped holes.
The buffer gap is arranged in the front of roller 005 and in depression 004, so that the size error of the periphery of the bottom surface of absorption depression 004 and inner race, this depression 004 has determined to be tapered forward the space.Therefore, roller 005 does not contact with the front end surface 004b of depression.
For all depressions, the position relation between standard roller stop position and the depression 004 is all identical.Equal center angle intervals between adjacent standard roller stop position in the center angle intervals between the adjacent depression 004.In common overrunning clutch, the center angle between the adjacent depression of six depressions is spaced apart 60 °, and the center angle between the adjacent screw holes of three tapped hole 003a is spaced apart 120 °.
The spaced apart depression of center angle such as be provided with and in the overrunning clutch of certain nominal size, is 2mm apart from d between three hole 003a and corresponding depression 004.As if consider the rigidity of outer race, this is very little apart from d, it is believed that this distance must be less times greater than 2mm.
In order to increase the ability of overrunning clutch, the external diameter of inner race must increase, and therefore, roller must move by radially outward.When the external diameter of outer race 003 increases and tapped hole 003a radially outward when moving, the device size that is provided with overrunning clutch increases, but this is undesirable.As the tapped hole 003a in the outer race 003 that is formed at a plurality of depressions when radially outward does not move, will reduce between tapped hole 003a and respective front ends surface 004b apart from d, this has reduced rigidity irrelevantly.
The invention provides a kind of device, being used to guarantee has sufficiently long distance between the tapped hole of overrunning clutch and corresponding depression front end surface, this overrunning clutch comprises the outer race with a plurality of depressions, thereby under the situation that does not enlarge outer race, prevent to reduce outer race, and can save the space.
On the other hand, common overrunning clutch needs very accurately processing, this comprises making to have very that the highi degree of accuracy spring compressor and the machining of highi degree of accuracy external diameter go out to have the very patchhole of highi degree of accuracy internal diameter, slides smoothly inserting in the hole so that guarantee spring compressor.This high-precision processing has increased manufacture cost and man-hour inevitably.And when forming a large amount of depression in outer race, the external diameter of outer race must increase, and arranges to avoid the approaching of patchhole and depression.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve foregoing problems, and a kind of overrunning clutch is provided, and this overrunning clutch comprises: inner race; Outer race, this outer race is along the driven rotation of specific direction, and it facing to the inner race periphery be provided with a plurality of depressions interior week, and this outer race has the threaded mounting hole that is arranged on the position between the adjacent depression about the outer race circumferencial direction, is used for driven member is installed in outer race; Roller, this roller are arranged in a plurality of depressions; And elastic member, this elastic member is pushed roller along a circumferencial direction direction of described inner race and outer race; Wherein, between interior outer race, carry out transmission along a described circumferencial direction; It is characterized in that: the center angle intervals between adjacent with other the by this way depression of at least one the center angle intervals in the center angle intervals between the adjacent depression in a plurality of depressions is different, that is, the distance from the end of the depression relevant with described at least one center angle intervals to the mounting hole adjacent with the described end of depression increases.
Because the center angle intervals between some adjacent depression is greater than the center angle intervals between other depression, therefore, can increase the spacing between the depression of the threaded mounting hole that is formed in the outer race and outer race, this can effectively prevent to reduce the rigidity of outer race.
Depression can be divided into m depression group, the n of each a depression group depression with 360 °/n etc. center angle intervals and spaced apart, the center angle intervals between at least one depression group and another depression group and be not equal to 360 °/(mn).
Like this, in the center angle intervals between some adjacent depression greater than the center angle intervals between other adjacent depression.Therefore, the threaded mounting hole that is formed in the part between the adjacent depression of opening big center angle intervals can be from the longer distance of depression, and this effectively prevents to reduce the rigidity of outer race.
Usually, elastic member is the circular coil spring, the coil component spring cap can be arranged in coil spring, on the end of roller side.
Elastic member can be spring, respectively have the thin spring compressor of U-shaped of pair of sidewalls be arranged in spring, on the end of roller side, spring can be the flat coil spring, the cross section of this flat coil spring have the length direction that is parallel to roller than long side.
Therefore, each spring can be stably extends in by the opposing sidewalls of spring compressor and lid space that determine, that have the rectangular cross-section, like this, can prevent the oblique promotion roller of spring.
Preferably, first lid links to each other with a side surface of outer race, and the part of this first lid curves inwardly, so that form the spring compressor supporting portion of the sidewall of support spring cap.Preferably, the opposite side of second lid and outer race surface links to each other, and this opposite side surface is relative with the side surface of connection first lid, and the part of second lid curves inwardly, so as with spring compressor supporting portion Elastic Meshing.
Therefore, spring and spring compressor can keep by simple manufacturing method, and it can come off from outer race by the lid that straightforward procedure prevents to cover the opposite flank of outer race.
In the present invention, also provide a kind of overrunning clutch, this overrunning clutch comprises: inner race; Outer race, it faces toward a plurality of depressions that are provided with in interior week of inner race periphery this outer race; Roller, this roller are arranged in a plurality of depressions; And elastic member, this elastic member is pushed roller along specific direction; Wherein, between interior outer race, carry out transmission along a direction; It is characterized in that: elastic member is a spring, the U-shaped spring compressor be arranged in spring, on the end of roller side, described spring compressor respectively has pair of sidewalls.
Common overrunning clutch needs the assembling work of very high-precision processing and trouble.The spring compressor of said structure also needs these troubles.Spring compressor can be processed to form by tinsel, like this, spring compressor can by than common spring compressor still less processing and more easily make.Therefore, can make the outer race of more depression.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of the associated components of the overrunning clutch of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and this overrunning clutch along the line I-I among Fig. 2;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view along the line II-II among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the view that helps the structure of explanation overrunning clutch pocket shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 A is illustrated in coil spring and the amplification view that places the spring compressor on this coil spring front end in a kind of version;
Fig. 4 B is the sectional view along the line B-B among Fig. 4 A; And
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that helps to explain in the structure of common overrunning clutch pocket.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and 2 has represented to be used for the overrunning clutch of car combustion engine, is used for giving generator and bent axle with the transmission of power of starter motor.
Overrunning clutch 1 has: inner race 2, and this inner race 2 is by 11 supportings of the needle bearing on bent axle 10 1 ends; Outer race 3, this outer race are used for to the driven member transmission around inner race 2, and the depression 4 on week is within it arranged; Roller 5, this roller are arranged in the depression 4 of outer race 3; Coil spring 6, this coil spring 6 is pushed roller 5 along specific direction respectively; Cylindrical spring cap 7, this cylindrical spring cap 7 is arranged in the end of coil spring 6; Lid 8, this lid 8 covers the periphery and a side of outer race, so that cover the opening side of depression; And annular slab 9, this annular slab 9 is arranged to contact with the opposite side surface of outer race, so that cover another opening side of depression.The part of lid 8 is crooked, so that be formed on the supporting portion 8a below the spring compressor 7, promptly extends on the radially inner side of spring compressor 7.The part of annular slab 9 is crooked vertically, so that the retaining part 9a of the bottom surface Elastic Meshing of formation and supporting portion 8a, thereby prevent that lid 8 and annular slab 9 break away from outer races 3.In Fig. 2, annular slab 9 partial cut are so that expression roller 5 and coil spring 6.
Pad 12 is fixedly mounted on the boss of inner race 2.The rotary driving force of unshowned starter motor passes to overrunning clutch 1 by unshowned chain and sprocket wheel 12.
Outer race 3 has threaded mounting hole 3a.The rotary unit 15 (being driven member) that is included in the generator 14 is fixed on the outer race 3 by construction bolt 13 is screwed among the threaded mounting hole 3a.Rotary unit 15 prevents with respect to bent axle 10 rotations by mechanical keys 16, and fixedly is held in place on bent axle by bolt 17.Therefore, the output of overrunning clutch passes to bent axle 10.
Each depression 4 has the crooked bottom surface 4a surface of the outer circumferential side of outer race (promptly), and therefore, the degree of depth of depression 4 is littler at its front end place.Therefore, the inclined spaces that the direction of formation coil spring promotion along the line roller 5 diminishes gradually between the periphery of bottom surface 4a and inner race 2.When overrunning clutch was in transfixion, roller 5 pressed the periphery of inner race 2 and the bottom surface 4a of depression 4 by coil spring 6, and kept static at the basic middle part of depression 4.Stop position when roller keeps static naturally (standard roller stop position) is in the basic central part office of depression 4.
When inner race 2 during along the rotation of the direction of arrow W, roller stops up in the space that turns forward between the bottom surface 4a of the periphery that is formed at inner race 2 and depression 4.Therefore, because transmission, outer race 3 is with inner race 2 rotations.Then, carry out transmission from outer race to the rotary unit 15 and the bent axle 10 of generator 14, so that drive their rotations by construction bolt 13.When inner race 2 rotated with respect to outer race 3 in the opposite direction along the side with arrow W, roller 5 was released, and will not carry out transmission.
In common overrunning clutch, six depressions 4 such as are arranged at the center angle intervals; Just, the angle intervals between the standard roller stop position of adjacent depression all is 60 °.Therefore, threaded mounting hole 3a is in from the short position of the distance of the front end 4b of corresponding depression, and this rigidity to outer race has a negative impact.
Fig. 3 is the view of structure of explaining the overrunning clutch pocket of present embodiment.Wherein, omitted with this and explained incoherent parts, the coil spring signal is drawn.For all depressions, the position relation between standard roller stop position and the corresponding depression 4 is all identical, is represented by the angle intervals between the standard roller stop position at adjacent depression in the angle intervals between the adjacent depression 4.
Similar with common overrunning clutch, three threaded mounting hole 4a of present embodiment are formed on the circle with 120 ° center angle intervals.Six depressions are arranged on the circle, and are divided into two depression groups, i.e. the first and second depression groups, and each group has three depressions.
Three first depression A of the first depression group are arranged to 120 ° center angle intervals (around the angle intervals of central axis), in three first depression A of first group and the relation of the position between the threaded mounting hole 3a with identical at the common overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 5.Three second depression A of the second depression group are arranged to 120 ° center angle intervals.As shown in Figure 3, three first depression A of the first depression group and three second depression B arranged alternate of the second depression group, and when in Fig. 3, seeing, the second depression B of the second depression group moves with respect to the first depression A clockwise direction of the first depression group, promptly away from adjacent threaded mounting hole 3a, like this, center angle intervals between the adjacent first depression A of each second depression B and this second depression B rear side is less than 60 °, for example 58 ° 50 ', and the center angle intervals between the adjacent first depression A of each second depression B and this second depression B front side is greater than 60 °, for example 61 ° 10 '.Therefore, the second depression B of the second depression group leaves respective threads mounting hole 3a.Therefore, between the threaded mounting hole 3a of the front end surface 4b of each second depression B of the second depression group and this second depression B front side apart from d (Fig. 3) greater than in common overrunning clutch apart from d (Fig. 5).
In the common overrunning clutch of certain nominal size, depression such as is arranged at the center angle intervals, and between the threaded mounting hole 3a of the front side of the front end surface of second depression and this depression is 2mm apart from d.In same nominal size (external diameter equal'ss aforementioned common overrunning clutch) overrunning clutch of the present invention, depression is divided into first depression of the first depression group and second depression of the second depression group, and the depression of the first and second depression groups forms as in the structure described in the overrunning clutch of preferred embodiment, and between the threaded mounting hole of the front end surface of second depression and this second depression front side is 3mm apart from d.Therefore, can prevent to reduce the rigidity of outer race under the situation of the diameter that does not increase outer race, this can effectively save installing space, and improves the quality of overrunning clutch.
Overrunning clutch in a preferred embodiment is characterised in that: depression be divided into 120 ° etc. the spaced apart first depression group of center angle three first depressions and with 120 ° etc. three second depressions of the spaced apart second depression group of center angle, center angle intervals between adjacent first depression of each second depression and this second depression rear side is not 60 °, usually, when overrunning clutch has m depression group, the n of each a depression group depression with 360 °/n etc. center angle intervals when arranging, in each depression of a depression group and another depression group, center angle intervals between the depression of the rear side of the depression of last depression group be not 360 °/(mn), in the center angle intervals between some adjacent depressions greater than the center angle intervals between other adjacent depressions.Therefore, by forming threaded mounting hole greater than in the outer race between the adjacent depression of other the adjacent depressions part, can prevent to reduce the rigidity of outer race in the center angle intervals.
Usually, when depression carried out irregular layout with different centers angle intervals, the interval between the depression was irregular.Therefore, be formed in the outer race part between the adjacent depression of opening big center angle intervals by making threaded mounting hole, threaded mounting hole and adjacent depression can separate the distance that is enough to guarantee rigidity under the situation of the diameter that does not increase outer race.
The manufacturing of common overrunning clutch need accurately form the spring compressor external diameter and accurately form the high-precision processing of bore dia, so that accurately make spring compressor, and guarantee the smooth motion of this spring compressor, also need the assembling work that seals simultaneously, this has increased manufacture cost, and aspect efficient operation problem is arranged.When outer race had more depression, the side surface in hole must separate with depression, and this must need to increase the diameter of outer race.
Fig. 4 A and 4B have represented the coil spring 6 in a kind of version and have placed the spring compressor 7 of coil spring 6 front ends.Fig. 4 A is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 B is the sectional view along the line B-B among Fig. 4 A.Coil spring 6 is flat coil springs, the basic elliptic cross-section that replaces two shorter lateral sides of such of rectangle to form by by circular arc is arranged, shown in Fig. 4 B.Be parallel to the length of roller 5 than long side in the cross section of flat coil spring 6.Spring compressor 7 forms by plate is curved U-shaped, and opposing sidewalls is arranged.The sidewall of spring compressor 7 covers the flat sides surface of flat coil spring 7.
The part of lid 8 can curve inwardly, so that be formed for the supporting portion 8a of the downside wall sidewall of crankshaft side (promptly) of supporting U-shaped spring compressor 7.The part of annular slab 9 can curve inwardly, like this, this curved section can with the bottom surface Elastic Meshing of supporting portion 8a, break away from outer race 3 to prevent lid 8 and annular slab.
Common overrunning clutch needs point-device processing, is used for forming the hole at outer race, inserts the depression so that have the spring of spring compressor to pass the hole from the periphery of outer race each, and needs the assembling work of trouble.In this version, spring compressor does not need the hole.The spring compressor that is processed to form by tinsel can by than common spring compressor still less processing and more easily make.Therefore, can make outer race with a large amount of depressions.
Because the cross section of each flat coil spring be parallel to the length direction of roller than long side, the flat coil spring can remain on settling position in the space of being determined by upper side wall and downside wall, lid and the annular slab of spring compressor, rectangular cross-section, so that prevent the oblique roller of pushing of flat coil spring.
Support unit 8a can be easy to form by the part of lid 8 is inwardly bent, and retaining part 9a can form by crooked being easy to of a part that makes annular slab 9; But, supporting portion 8a and retaining part 9a can prevent effectively enough that lid and annular slab break away from outer race.