CN1292218C - Non-pump sorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration, solar energy and other waste heat utilization, particularly to a non-pump absorption refrigerator. The present invention comprises a thermosiphon pump, a condenser (9), an evaporator (12), an absorber (14) and a liquid storage tank (16), wherein the thermosiphon pump is connected with the inlet end of the condenser (9) through a gas outlet pipe (6) of refrigeration agents; the outlet end of the condenser (9) is connected with the evaporator (12); the outlet end of the condenser (9) is divided into two small pipes, wherein one pipe directly faces downwards to be connected with the front end of the evaporator, and the other pipe firstly faces upwards, and then, the other pipe bends downwards. The present invention has the advantages of high thermal utilization ratio, high refrigerating capacity of a unit volume device, etc.

Description

A kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator

Technical field

The present invention relates to refrigeration, solar energy and other used heat and utilize the field, is a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator more accurately.

Background technology

Refrigerating machine is a kind of machinery commonly used at present, no matter is industry or civilian, all needs a large amount of such machineries.Refrigerating machine commonly used at present is a compression refigerating machine, but compression refrigeration needs consumed power, and might produce the gas of greenhouse gases and destruction atmospheric ozone layer in the cold-producing medium.Along with the development of producing and the raising of living standards of the people, air conditioner refrigerating and the electric power that other various refrigeration consumed are more and more, have caused a series of problems such as power tense, energy shortage and environmental pollution thus on the other hand.People more and more pay attention to the use of clean energy resource and regenerative resource, and the various electric power that need not to consume are developed in urgent hope, the refrigerating method and the refrigerating machine of no greenhouse gases and destruction atmospheric ozone layer gas.

The diffusion absorbent refrigeration system is a kind of a kind of environmental protection type refrigeration method of utilizing solar energy and other used heat just can obtain cold, and its compressor-free does not produce greenhouse gases, does not destroy atmospheric ozone layer yet, therefore earns widespread respect.But problem such as have still at present that lower, the crucial parts siphon pumps systematic function of heat utilization efficiency is not good, the refrigerating capacity of riser excessive height, unit volume equipment is less than normal, above problem has seriously restricted the commercial applications of diffusion refrigeration system.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat utilization efficiency height, the environmental protection diffusion absorption refrigeration equipment that the refrigerating capacity of unit volume equipment is high.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and realize by following scheme:

The present invention includes siphon pumps, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber, fluid reservoir, siphon pumps connects the arrival end of condenser by the refrigerant gas outlet, the port of export of condenser is connected to evaporimeter, the condensator outlet end is divided into two tubules, one directly downwards, be connected to the front end of evaporimeter, another root is upwards first and then elbow is downward, interior refrigerant gas and incondensible diffusion gas for not being condensed, this pipe links to each other with the gas vent of evaporimeter, continue again under differential pressure action, to enter the arrival end that the solution storage tank also together is connected to fluid reservoir downwards; Fluid reservoir is provided with two side outlets, and first side outlet links to each other with the inlet of concentrated solution inlet tube, and second side outlet links to each other with the absorber tube arrival end; The port of export of absorber tube has a tubule to enter to front end from the rear end of evaporimeter, mainly unabsorbed diffusion gas in the tubule, another port of export of absorber tube links to each other with the weak solution outlet, and the port of export of concentrated solution inlet tube and weak solution outlet is connected to siphon pumps respectively.In absorber tube, weak solution is along pipeline one road direction current downflow, and comes the mist of flash-pot and condenser and on lower end one road direction of absorber pipeline, both anti-phases flow and contact, refrigerant gas is absorbed substantially, and weak solution has also just become concentrated solution, enters fluid reservoir.

Like this, because the dividing potential drop effect of diffusion gas, make that the stagnation pressure of the stagnation pressure of jar condenser to the greatest extent and evaporimeter is equal substantially, but condensed refrigerant evaporated constantly still, reached the purpose of refrigeration at the evaporimeter front end.

Above-mentioned siphon pumps is based on pipe in seamless for becoming annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps, is made up of interior pipe, separating tube and outer tube, and wherein, separating tube lower end and interior pipe weld, upper end open, and link to each other with the concentrated solution inlet tube in the lower end; Outer tube is welded in the outside of separating tube, last termination refrigerant gas outlet, following termination weak solution outlet.

In order further to improve the performance of riser in the siphon pumps, it is radially asymmetric that riser annular space cross section is produced, because it is radially asymmetric, make it in the maximal rate of the short-axis direction of ring-like passage and unequal in the maximal rate of long axis direction, the thrust that this speed difference drew can be pushed fluid to long axis direction by short-axis direction, consequent secondary stream can reduce the thickness of laminar flow low layer, the augmentation of heat transfer effect, promote solution evaporation boiling, and then the lifting performance of raising riser becomes the interior pipe of annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps into oval.

In order to strengthen the heat-transfer effect of the extraneous thermal source of siphon pumps, the inboard of interior pipe is provided with fin, and thickness is therefrom intracardiac to outward by Bao Jianhou, and one side can less metal consumption like this, guarantee that on the other hand the heat flux on fin unit's cross section keeps equal substantially, helps the transmission of heat.

In order to strengthen the boiling heat transfer effect in the pipe outside in the siphon pumps, the porous surface processing has been adopted in the interior pipe outside, this porous surface is to process by the chipless Machining Technology, adopt the structure of antipriming pipe, can increase heat transfer area on the one hand, and making fluid when flowing through the rough surface of porous, produce various secondary streams, another prior reason is because the capillarity of porous surface can reduce the boiling occurrence temperature.

In order to improve the siphon pumps heat utilization efficiency, concentrated solution inlet tube and weak solution outlet are made double pipe heat exchanger, the heat utilization efficiency of whole siphon pumps is further improved.

Above-mentioned condenser adopts the high finned tube of machining directly to process, relatively with the outer skewer cover of conventional light pipe fin, reduce manufacturing procedure on the one hand, simultaneously because the contactless thermal resistance that fin that directly processes on the light pipe and pipe itself are one, improve heat-transfer effect, can reduce the length of the required pipe of condenser.

Above-mentioned absorber adopts strengthens absorption tube, in have the three-dimensional convex body of crescent moon, form by certain gradient bend pipe, be installed between wet tank and the evaporimeter.Strengthening absorption tube is to utilize different seamless pipes, forms by chipless machining.Utilize the crescent moon said three-dimensional body of arranging in the pipe, produce various secondary streams such as complicated shunting, mixing, boundary layer separation flow when fluid is flow through, promote the heat and mass process; The outer fin that utilizes of pipe increases heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area, and whole absorber utilizes this reinforcement mass transfer pipe to process; The required tube length of whole absorber is compared with plain tube can less about 40%.

Above-mentioned refrigerant gas outlet is welded with distillation cascade, and the other end of distillation cascade connects condenser.

For the ease of can and vacuumize, fluid reservoir is provided with the canned valve of vacuum, is used for that system hunts leak, vacuumizes, the can refrigerant comprises diffusion gas, it with the valve pipeline system arrangement of complexity outside equipment, make equipment be easy to sealing, eliminated the valve on the equipment pipeline.

The canned valve of above-mentioned vacuum is made up of valve matrix, valve rod, seal, spring, spring adjusting bolt, seal washer, the valve matrix is the body of an inner hollow, there is a baffle plate at the middle part, baffle plate is provided with first group of blowhole, valve rod is positioned at the valve matrix, both contact portions are the outer peripheral face of seal, play the mechanical seal effect; Seal washer is enclosed within on the valve rod, moves with valve rod; Spring is positioned at the bottom of seal, the other end is regulated bolt with spring and is connected, regulate the tension force that bolt is used for regulating spring, can be adjusted according to the pressure of bulking system, after the adjustment, it is dead fixing to regulate the weldering of bolt and valve matrix, gets loose in system's vibrations that cause owing to a variety of causes in service in order to avoid regulate bolt, thereby influences the sealing property of system.After can was finished, spring tension will push up on the valve rod, seal washer also with on move with the valve body portion and closely contact, play the dual-seal effect.The valve matrix is provided with second group of blowhole corresponding to the position of seal bottom.The inflation inlet outer edge of valve matrix is provided with screw thread.

The processing of this valve is comparatively simple, at first select and system works medium and the compatible material of container of this valve is installed, utilize the parent of casting processing valve matrix, valve rod and spring bolt, and then the method by various machinings, make it reach required precision; Also can directly utilize material,, obtain meeting valve matrix, valve rod and the spring bolt of required precision by the method for machining not by casting.After processing above-mentioned part, earlier seal washer is enclosed within on the valve rod, then the rear portion of valve rod from the valve matrix is upwards pushed away, again spring is loaded onto from valve matrix rear portion, then, will be regulated bolt and load onto, and after being adjusted to certain tension force itself and valve matrix are welded extremely, be welded on the fluid reservoir at last.

All related seamless pipes can be steel pipe, copper pipe or aluminum pipe among the present invention.

During this device fabrication, the seamless pipe that utilizes all size not wait earlier by aforementioned requirement, utilizes the chipless machining process, is processed into antipriming pipe, high finned tube and strengthens absorption tube; Then, utilize conventional machining process to process fluid reservoir, siphon pumps, absorber, condenser and evaporimeter; Method with the various parts processed previously and pipe fitting utilization welding is connected at last.After integral device machines, carry out pressure testing and leak detection by the vacuum filling valve, after pressure test leak-detecting is qualified, just can the can working media, after can was finished, equipment just can come into operation.

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:

1, adopts change annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps, solved problems such as absorbing critical component siphon pumps processed complex in the diffusion refrigeration, heat utilization efficiency are low, riser excessive height, utilized novel environmental-protection refrigeration method that various low grade heat energies (solar energy, stack gases and other various waste heats) freeze to enter commercial practical application technical support is provided for this;

2, adopt the vacuum filling valve to carry out vacuumizing of equipment and can, avoided other valve is installed on the equipment pipeline, simplified the processing of equipment, improved the sealing property of system, eliminate the leak point that may exist, conveniently carried out re-filling, prolonged the service life of equipment.

3, with strengthening absorption tube, promote the heat and mass process; The outer fin that utilizes of pipe increases heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area, the heat and mass transfer performance of whole absorber is improved, can less about 40% thereby the required tube length of whole absorber is compared with plain tube, for reducing equipment volume of the present invention, the refrigerating capacity that improves unit volume equipment provides condition.

4, directly process condenser among the present invention with high finned tube, improve heat-transfer effect, reduce the length of the required pipe of condenser.

5, owing to adopted multiple augmentation of heat transfer and mass transfer technology, and aspect siphon pumps, changed structure, adopted inner heating form, reduced thermal loss, improved the Btu utilization of entire equipment, used for the business promotion of this equipment and provide the foundation.

Figure of description

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is for strengthening the cutaway view of absorption tube;

Fig. 3 is for strengthening the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional convex body of crescent moon in the absorption tube;

The cutaway view of the canned valve of Fig. 4 vacuum.

Among the figure: pipe in the 1-; The 2-separating tube; The 3-outer tube; 4-weak solution outlet; 5-concentrated solution inlet tube; 6-refrigerant gas outlet; 7-weak solution discharge connection; 8-heat tunnel fin; The 9-condenser; The 10-tubule; The 11-tubule; The 12-evaporimeter; The 13-tubule; The 14-absorber; The 15-pipeline; The 16-fluid reservoir; The canned valve of 17-vacuum; 18-heats fluid intake; 19-heats fluid issuing; 20-valve matrix; The 21-valve rod; The 22-seal; The 23-spring; The 24-spring is regulated bolt; The 25-seal washer; First group of ingate of 26-gas-filling; Second group of ingate of 27-gas-filling.

The specific embodiment

Non-pump sorption refrigerator of the present invention, among Fig. 1, comprise siphon pumps, condenser 9, evaporimeter 12, absorber 14, fluid reservoir 16, siphon pumps connects the arrival end of condenser 9 by refrigerant gas outlet 6, the port of export of condenser 9 is connected to evaporimeter 12, condenser 9 ports of export are divided into two tubules 10 and 11, tubule 11 is connected to the front end of evaporimeter 12, tubule 10 links to each other with the gas vent of evaporimeter 12 and also together is connected to the arrival end of fluid reservoir 16, described fluid reservoir 16 is provided with two side outlets, first side outlet links to each other with the inlet of concentrated solution inlet tube 5, second side outlet links to each other with absorber 14 arrival ends, the port of export of absorber 14 has a tubule 13 to enter to evaporimeter 12 front ends, the side direction of absorber 14 upper ends links to each other with weak solution outlet 4, and the port of export of concentrated solution inlet tube 5 and weak solution outlet 4 is connected to siphon pumps respectively.Concentrated solution inlet tube 5 and weak solution outlet 4 are made double pipe heat exchanger.Condenser 9 directly processes for high finned tube.Absorber 14 adopts strengthens absorption tubes, shown in Fig. 2,3, in have the three-dimensional convex body of crescent moon, the inclination bend pipe forms, and is installed between fluid reservoir 16 and the evaporimeter 12.Refrigerant gas outlet 6 is welded with distillation cascade, and the other end of distillation cascade connects condenser 9.Fluid reservoir 16 is provided with the canned valve 17 of vacuum.

Siphon pumps as shown in Figure 4, is made up of interior pipe 1, separating tube 2 and outer tube 3 for becoming annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps, and wherein, separating tube 2 lower ends and interior pipe 1 weld, upper end open, and link to each other with concentrated solution inlet tube 5 in the lower end; Outer tube 3 is welded in the outer survey of separating tube 2, last termination refrigerant gas outlet 6, following termination weak solution outlet 4.Interior pipe 1 is oval, and the inboard is provided with fin, and the outside adopts the fourth porous surface to handle, and thickness is therefrom intracardiac extremely outward by Bao Jianhou.

The canned valve 17 of vacuum is made up of valve matrix 20, valve rod 21, seal 22, spring 23, spring adjusting bolt 24, seal washer 25, valve matrix 20 is the body of an inner hollow, there is a baffle plate at the middle part, baffle plate is provided with first group of blowhole 26, valve rod is positioned at valve matrix 20, both contact portions are the outer peripheral face of seal 22, seal washer 25 is enclosed within on the valve rod, spring 23 is positioned at the bottom of seal 22, the other end is regulated bolt 24 with spring and is connected, and valve matrix 20 is provided with second group of blowhole 27 corresponding to the position of seal 22 bottoms.The inflation inlet outer edge of valve matrix 20 is provided with screw thread.

When system needs gas-filling or liquid, pipeline with rib-loop in the band, put the external screw thread on the valve matrix 20, rotate a fixing turn, valve rod 21 is moved down, both guaranteeing that second group of still sealed body 22 of air admission hole 27 seals, and institute's set of tubes and valve matrix 20 are taken out the gas in the jacket pipelines when reaching enough seal degree, the valve that the pipeline other end is adorned closes dead, then, continue the rotary sleeve pipeline, seal 22 is constantly descended, when second air admission hole 27 is opened fully, can connect filling liquid or gas tank at the pipeline other end, open the connection valve, the beginning can.After can finishes, close the connection valve earlier, all being connected of subsidiary conduit and other removed, then, subsidiary conduit screws off from valve matrix 20, and in the process of revolving, seal 22 at first can be closed sealing with second group of air admission hole 27, at last first group of air admission hole 26 closed sealing, system is canned to finish.

During present device work, at first start the heating thermal source, hot fluid is entered by the heating fluid intake 18 of siphon pumps lower end, the heating fluid issuing 19 of upper end flows out, hot fluid is passed to the concentrated solution in the annular lifting passage between interior pipe 1 and separating tube 2 by interior pipe 1 inwall with heat, concentrated solution is heated in this circular passage, volatile components evaporation in the concentrated solution produces boiling, drives concentrated solution simultaneously and upwards promotes, in continuous lifting process, the concentration of solution constantly descends, and constantly separates between the gas-liquid, obtains heat in the also constantly middle simultaneously hot fluid, when hoisting depth surpasses the height of separating tube 2, weak solution just falls into the circular passage between separating tube 2 and the outer tube 3, and this passage is the weak solution decline passway, and weak solution is under gravity and differential pressure action, descend on one side, Yi Bian further carry out gas-liquid separation; Pass through gas outlet tube 6 at the gas that promotes the generation of passage and weak solution decline passway, also play the distillation cascade effect in fact, enter condenser 9, refrigerant gas is condensed into liquid in condensing gas, condenser ends has two tubules, one 10 directly downwards, and another root 11 makes progress earlier, and then elbow is downward.In the directly downward tubule 10 for being condensed into the cold-producing medium of liquid, this tubule descend an end distance from after, laterally turn, and enter the front end of evaporimeter 12; And another root 11 earlier upwards, and then elbow is downward, (be generally hydrogen or helium for refrigerant gas and the incondensible diffusion gas that is not condensed in the pipe, can not condensation be meant residing pressure and temperature in the absorption refrigeration process, rather than definitely can not condensation), outlet is connected this tubule 11 with the mist that comes out from evaporimeter 12 (containing refrigerant gas and diffusion gas), continues to enter solution storage tank 16 downwards under differential pressure action by pipeline 15 again; Evaporimeter 12 front ends have a tubule 13 to enter evaporimeter 12 except having condensed fluid enters in its back-end, and and evaporimeter 12 parallelism structurals, up to front end, this tubule 13 is from absorber 14 outlets, mainly is unabsorbed diffusion gas.Like this, in the dividing potential drop effect of evaporimeter 12 front ends owing to diffusion gas, although the stagnation pressure of the stagnation pressure of feasible condenser 9 and evaporimeter 12 is equal substantially, condensed refrigerant is still constantly evaporated, and reaches the purpose of refrigeration.Enter the mist of fluid reservoir 16 by tubule 13, enter the lower end of absorber 14, and along on absorber tube one road direction, and the side direction of 14 while of absorber upper end is connected by the weak solution outlet 7 from siphon pumps, weak solution is along absorber 14 pipelines one road direction current downflow, and both anti-phases flow and contact, and refrigerant gas is absorbed substantially, weak solution has also just become concentrated solution, enters fluid reservoir 16.And the refrigerant gas in the mist is absorbed substantially, and remaining diffusion gas enters evaporimeter 12 by tubule 13, and diffusion gas has just been finished a circulation like this.Concentrated solution on the fluid reservoir 16 is under gravity and differential pressure action, by concentrated solution inlet tube 5, concentrated solution in the annular lifting passage between pipe 1 and the separating tube 2 in entering, in this ebuillition of heated evaporation, also finished a circulation, whole process of refrigerastion is exactly continuous cyclic process.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator, comprise siphon pumps, condenser (9), evaporimeter (12), absorber (14), fluid reservoir (16), siphon pumps connects the arrival end of condenser (9) by refrigerant gas outlet (6), the port of export of condenser (9) is connected to evaporimeter (12), it is characterized in that condenser (9) port of export is divided into two tubules (10,11), wherein a tubule (10) is connected to the front end of evaporimeter (12), another root tubule (11) links to each other with the gas vent of evaporimeter (12) and also together is connected to the arrival end of fluid reservoir (16), described fluid reservoir (16) is provided with two side outlets, first side outlet links to each other with the inlet of concentrated solution inlet tube (5), second side outlet links to each other with absorber (14) arrival end, the port of export of absorber (14) also has a tubule (13), it enters to evaporimeter (12) front end, the side direction of absorber (14) upper end links to each other with weak solution outlet (4), and the port of export of concentrated solution inlet tube (5) and weak solution outlet (4) is connected to siphon pumps respectively; Described siphon pumps is made up of interior pipe (1), separating tube (2) and outer tube (3) for becoming annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps, and wherein, separating tube (2) lower end and interior pipe (1) weld, upper end open, and link to each other with concentrated solution inlet tube (5) in the lower end; Outer tube (3) is welded in the outside of separating tube (2), last termination refrigerant gas outlet (6), following termination weak solution outlet (4).

2, a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator according to claim 1, the interior pipe (1) that it is characterized in that described change annular space triple tube formula siphon pumps is into oval, the inboard is provided with fin, and the porous surface processing has been adopted in the outside, and thickness is therefrom intracardiac extremely outward by Bao Jianhou.

3, a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described concentrated solution inlet tube (5) and weak solution outlet (4) make double pipe heat exchanger.

4, a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described condenser (9) directly processes for high finned tube.

5, a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described absorber (14) adopt to strengthen absorption tube, in have the three-dimensional convex body of crescent moon, the inclination bend pipe forms, and is installed between fluid reservoir (16) and the evaporimeter (12).

6, according to the described a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator of claim 1, it is characterized in that described refrigerant gas outlet (6) is welded with distillation cascade, the other end of distillation cascade connects condenser (9).

7,, it is characterized in that described fluid reservoir (16) is provided with the canned valve of vacuum (17) according to the described a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator of claim 1.

8, according to the described a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator of claim 7, it is characterized in that the canned valve of described vacuum (17) is by the valve matrix, valve rod, seal, spring, spring is regulated bolt, seal washer is formed, the valve matrix is the body of an inner hollow, there is a baffle plate at the middle part, baffle plate is provided with first group of blowhole, valve rod is positioned at the valve matrix, both contact portions are the outer peripheral face of seal, seal washer is enclosed within on the valve rod, spring is positioned at the bottom of seal, the other end is regulated bolt with spring and is connected, and the valve matrix is provided with second group of blowhole corresponding to the position of seal bottom.

9,, it is characterized in that the inflation inlet outer edge of described valve matrix is provided with screw thread according to the described a kind of non-pump sorption refrigerator of claim 8.

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