CN1291831C - Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process - Google Patents
Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1291831C CN1291831C CN 200310114495 CN200310114495A CN1291831C CN 1291831 C CN1291831 C CN 1291831C CN 200310114495 CN200310114495 CN 200310114495 CN 200310114495 A CN200310114495 A CN 200310114495A CN 1291831 C CN1291831 C CN 1291831C
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- resin
- prefabricated component
- permeable medium
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- exhaust passage
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- IXSZQYVWNJNRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoxazole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1N=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2F)F)OC1 IXSZQYVWNJNRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical filed of a forming process for composite materials, which relates to a technique of the vacuum auxiliary forming process, particularly to a method used for improving the interior and surface quality of a vacuum auxiliary forming product. The basic requirements of the technology method of the present invention are the same with that of the traditional process. The present invention has the obvious characteristics that a method that a resin braking region is arranged at the edge of a prefabricated component is adopted, the flow rate of resin at the edge of the prefabricated component is reduced, and the completely good immersion of the prefabricated component in the resin is realized; by a method that an exhaust passage is arranged in an exhaust system, the 'point' exhaust structure in the traditional process becomes a 'line type' exhaust structure, and the rapid and effective exhaust of gases in a vacuum bag is realized by adjusting the structure of a gas path; a structure of multiple-stack and laying for a diversion medium of the resin is designed according to the structure of a formed product, the effective control to the flow state of the resin is realized, and thus, the reliability of the forming process for the complicated product and the quality of the product are improved. The technology method of the present invention has the advantages of low consumption of auxiliary materials and good economic effect, and the technology method can effectively avoid the resin from flowing into the exhaust passage and polluting working equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the composite material process planning technical field, relate to the vacuum assistant resin infused technology, particularly be used to improve the inside of vacuum assisted resin infusion goods and the method for surface quality.
Background technology
Vacuum assistant resin infused is a kind of composite material process planning that only utilizes negative pressure of vacuum to realize resin importing, fiber impregnation, resin solidification as power.,, resin is sucked in the prefabricated component that is laid in the vacuum bag as power with negative pressure of vacuum, realize the infiltration of resin, curing molding under the condition that does not need additionally to exert pressure fiber by default resin flow channel.In many factors that influences vacuum assisted resin infusion composite product quality, the design of resin flows control system and vacuum pumping system and pattern have material impact to the inherent quality of goods.
In the resin flows control system, flow-guiding structure is the key factor that influences Forming Quality.Usually the method that adopts has two kinds, the one, at preform surfaces lay resin permeable medium, resin is full of its surface rapidly along permeable medium, under suction function, flood prefabricated component, use this method to carry out the processing of large tracts of land product, when resin was not finished thorough impregnation to prefabricated component as yet, the resin just less prefabricated component edge of longshore current dynamic resistance directly entered the exhaust passage and causes the resin short circuit, produced mass defects such as hole, dry spot behind the product molding in inside.Another kind method is to process the netted guiding gutter of taking measurements greatly and not waiting by certain mode design at die surface, form master, branch flow passage as the resin flow passage, lay resin permeable medium between mould and prefabricated component, make resin be full of the preform surfaces of close mould rapidly, resin floods prefabricated component from bottom to top from lower surface then, use this method to carry out big thickness product processing, though can effectively improve the resin short circuit problem, but because the resin flow channel depression easily produces defective effect product appearance quality such as flute mark at composite material surface.
In vacuum pumping system, process commonly used is the corner location that vacuum nozzle is placed on prefabricated component, finds time to discharge the gas in the prefabricated component, under suction function, realizes the quick dipping of resin to prefabricated component.
At the large-sized composite material product, Chinese patent 01120577.6 has proposed a kind of vacuum infiltration moulding process, change adhesive pouring nozzle into injected rubber hose, solved the flow field problem of resin on the large scale product width, effectively improved the inside and the presentation quality of composite.
At big thickness composite product, Chinese patent 01120575.x has proposed a kind of vacuum infiltration moulding process, with the exhaust passage by the corner location that only is located at prefabricated component, change in the direction relative and on the top of composite prefabricated component and set up the exhaust passage with adhesive pouring nozzle, effectively reduce the porosity and the dry spot defective of big thickness product, improved the inside and the presentation quality of composite.
The process of above-mentioned two patent disclosures, for alleviating moulded products inside and blemish, improving the Forming Quality tool has certain effect, but do not overcome when adopting above-mentioned moulding process to carry out the composite product moulding resin short circuit phenomenon that produces owing to the resin flows state is wayward.The resin short circuit easily makes and wraps bubble in the composite prefabricated component and produce mass defects such as hole, dry spot, has influenced the stability of product quality, and when serious even cause the moulding failure, the reliability of technology is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that the vacuum assisted resin infusion technology exists, a kind of cost-effective vacuum assisted resin infusion method has been proposed, under the prerequisite that does not increase technology cost and frock input substantially, effectively improve the reliability of moulding process, significantly improve the quality of composite product.
The moulding technique that the present invention relates to (basic structure is illustrated in accompanying drawing 1) is based on general vacuum assisted resin infusion method, be included on the one-side mould 1 lay lower floor release cloth 3, prefabricated component 4, upper strata release cloth 5 and resin flow guide system 6 successively, resin flow guide system 6 connects prefabricated component 4 and injecting glue system 7, in direction exhaust outlet 9 is set away from the injecting glue system, with vacuum bag 2 whole system is sealed, find time to make resin to distribute rapidly along resin flow guide system 6 by injecting glue system 7 under acting under negative pressure, the realization resin is to the infiltration of prefabricated component 4.Characteristics of the present invention are: resin choked flow district 8 is set on the direction that injecting glue system 7 is not set above the prefabricated component 4---be upper strata release cloth 5, resin flow guide system 6 along the edge of prefabricated component 4 to shop floor center indentation one segment distance, in marginal portion near prefabricated component 4, the no flow guide system in prefabricated component 4 surfaces, reduce the flowing velocity of resin when flow process draws to an end, avoid causing product defect, guarantee in prefabricated component 4 effective coverages, to realize complete, the good dipping of resin fiber because the resin flows excessive velocities directly enters exhaust outlet 9 generation resin short circuits.
The set-up mode in resin choked flow district 8 is versatile and flexible, can directly be provided with on prefabricated component 4, also can lay fabric separately near prefabricated component 4 edges and realize that the thickness in resin choked flow district 8 can be less than the thickness of prefabricated component 4.According to the difference of resin injection mode, can on the direction of prefabricated component 4 surfaces, choked flow district 8 be set away from injecting glue system 7, also resin choked flow district 8 can be set on any direction except that resin injected system 7.The width in resin choked flow district 8 is with relevant by the structure of moulded products, size, thickness, the width in simple in structure, thin thickness, the required resin choked flow of goods district 8 that size is little is little, and the width in complex structure, the required resin choked flow of the goods that thickness is big, size is big district 8 is big.Generally speaking, the width in resin choked flow district 8 is not less than the thickness of product, and the width in resin choked flow district 8 must not be less than 10mm.
The resin flow guide system 6 that the present invention adopts is made of the single or multiple lift permeable medium, for small sized article simple in structure, by screening permeable medium network, lay the individual layer permeable medium and can satisfy technological requirement, for baroque massive article, resin flow path is long, the influence factor complexity, the individual layer permeable medium is not enough to satisfy the product molding requirement to the guide function of resin flows, can adopt the multilayer permeable medium (general two-layerly can reach designing requirement, can lay permeable medium more than three layers or three layers in case of necessity) synergy, realization is to effective guiding of resin flow path with to the resin flows state, effective control of route, at the position that requires resin preferentially to flow to or be difficult to flow to, lay multi-layer resinous permeable medium, form bilayer even multilayer flow-guiding channel at part surface, the flowing velocity of resin in double-deck (or multilayer) flow-guiding channel flowing velocity in the individual layer permeable medium significantly accelerated, realize the successively dipping of resin, the technology stability and the improving of goods inherent quality of the part with complicated structure had remarkable result prefabricated component 4.
Accompanying drawing 2 provides a kind of lay structure that resin flow guide system 6 adopts double-deck permeable medium, lay release cloth 5 successively on prefabricated component 4, lower-layer resin permeable medium 13, upper strata resin permeable medium (similar triangle) 14, resin permeable medium 14 pairs of tops in upper strata are laid on the lower-layer resin permeable medium 13, do not contact with prefabricated component 4, the edge that is covered with upper strata resin permeable medium 14 on prefabricated component 4 is provided with injecting glue system 7 simultaneously, injecting glue system 7 is made up of gum-injecting port 11 and injecting glue pipeline 12, injecting glue pipeline 12 is laid on the upper strata resin permeable medium 14, in the direction that the injecting glue pipeline is not set resin choked flow district 8 is set.
Upper strata resin permeable medium 14 is similar leg-of-mutton structure, has a base and the pinnacle near straight line (or straight line), and both sides can be that straight line also can be a curve, and drift angle is generally less than 90 °, and two to the top lay.Similar leg-of-mutton base and injecting glue pipeline 12 lay on prefabricated component 4 that shape is consistent or approaching, and the length of length and injecting glue pipeline 12 is suitable, and height is advisable with two point contacts, and structure principle thinks that it is purpose that resin provides symmetrical flow channel, is symmetrical arranged as far as possible.
For the complex structure goods, should design different upper strata permeable medium structures according to the version of goods, compound by the multilayer permeable medium realized the expected flow of resin.
In gas extraction system, the present invention adopts the method for laying the exhaust passage at the prefabricated component edge to make " point " exhaust in the traditional handicraft become " line style " exhaust, by adjusting gas circuit structure, realize stablizing, flow in order and effectively discharging fast of resin to gases in the vacuum bag 2.Exhaust passage 10 (structural representation is in accompanying drawing 3) is laid with overlapping mode in edge away from the injecting glue system on prefabricated component 4, stop resin choked flow district 8 between exhaust passage 10 and the resin flow guide system 6, exhaust passage 10 connects prefabricated components 4 and the exhaust outlet 9 that is provided with placed in the middle, and exhaust outlet 9 is fast and effeciently discharged gas in the vacuum bag 2 by exhaust passage 10.
Poromeric material is adopted in exhaust passage 10, has the strip structure of coordinating mutually with prefabricated component 4 corresponding edges.Length is not more than the equidirectional size that goes up flow guide system 6, and width is not less than 10mm.When prefabricated component 4 sizes are big, can arrange a plurality of exhaust outlets 9 (structural representation is in accompanying drawing 4) symmetrically according to actual conditions.
Adopt technique scheme, by the effective control of multilayer permeable medium realization to the resin flows situation, by line style exhaust passage and symmetrically arranged exhaust outlet, guarantee that the gas in the prefabricated component is effectively discharged fast, effectively avoid producing the dry spot phenomenon owing to wrap up in the air inlet bubble in the prefabricated component that the resin short circuit phenomenon causes, the realization resin is complete to the prefabricated component effective coverage, good dipping, improve the reliability of forming process, to the goods discovery of testing, products thickness is even, outward appearance is good, the inner imporosity of goods, mass defects such as dry spot are molded into power and reach more than 99%.
The process that employing the present invention relates to need not processing guiding gutter or vacuum passage on mould, saves die manufacturing cost, has certain economic; The process that employing the present invention relates to does not have specific (special) requirements to the moulding frock, and auxilliary material consumes low, and good economy performance can effectively avoid resin to flow into the exhaust passage simultaneously, pollutes tooling device.
Four, description of drawings
The basic structure schematic diagram of 1 one kinds of composite vacuum auxiliary molding techniques of accompanying drawing
2 one kinds of double-deck permeable medium lay structural representations of accompanying drawing
3 one kinds of line style exhaust system structures of accompanying drawing schematic diagram
Accompanying drawing 4 another kind of line style exhaust structure schematic diagrames
Accompanying drawing 5 embodiment one adopting process method structural representation
Accompanying drawing 6 embodiment two adopting process method structural representations
Five, the specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.Embodiment only is described further summary of the invention, not as the restriction to summary of the invention.
Embodiment one
Prepare one and be of a size of 400mm * 300mm * 10mm glass fibre reinforced composion flat board
Raw material: prefabricated component: the employing surface density is 400 glass fabric preparation;
Resin system: 100 parts in 196# mylar; 1 part of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide; 1 part of cobalt naphthenate;
Release cloth 3: adopt the thick polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) glass cloth of 0.1mm;
Release cloth 5: adopt the thick polyester film of 0.08mm;
Mesh resin permeable medium 6: adopt 40 order weave mesh cloth;
Exhaust passage 10: adopt 60 purpose weave mesh cloth;
Forming process: the structural representation of each layer lay is in accompanying drawing 5.The cloth sheet that the fiber reinforcement fabric is cut into 420mm * 310mm is some, makes prefabricated component 4, prepares 3 one of 420mm * 310mm release cloth, the release cloth 5 of 400mm * 300mm and mesh resin permeable medium 6 each one, 10 1 of 300mm * 100mm exhaust passage.
On plane template 1, lay release cloth 3, prefabricated component 4 successively, by minor face lay release cloth 5 and resin permeable medium 6 successively between two parties,, in the middle of resin distribution pipeline 12, connect resin couplers 11 at fiber preform 4 upper surfaces at edge lay resin distribution pipeline 12; Resin distribution pipeline 12 to lay exhaust passage, prefabricated component edge, edge 10, exhaust passage 10 and prefabricated component 4 overlap joint 10mm, exhaust outlet 9 is laid in 10 centre position in the exhaust passage, with the above system of vacuum bag 2 sealings, and with exhaust outlet 9 and resin coupler 11 and the connection of outside corresponding system.Above-mentioned sealing system is found time by common molding mode, and injecting glue stops behind the resin gel vacuumizing, normal temperature cure 1 hour.Through check, the sheet material fiber volume fraction that makes is more than 50%, and thickness is even, mass defects such as the inner tight of goods, dry spot, and the products appearance quality is good.
Embodiment two:
Prepare one and be of a size of the dull and stereotyped used raw material of 4000mm * 2000mm * 25mm glass fibre reinforced composion with embodiment one.
Forming process: the structural representation of each layer of forming process lay is in accompanying drawing 6.The cloth sheet that the fiber reinforcement fabric is cut into 4100mm * 2100mm is some, make prefabricated component 4, prepare 3 one of 4100mm * 2100mm release cloth, respectively one of the release cloth 5 of 4000mm * 2100mm and mesh resin permeable medium 13, appearance and size is 14 two of the netted resin permeable mediums of the triangle of the end * height=4000mm * 1050mm, 10 two of 500mm * 200mm exhaust passage.
On plane template 1, lay release cloth 3, prefabricated component 4 successively, lay release cloth 5 placed in the middle successively and lower-layer resin permeable medium 13 on prefabricated component 4 are in lower-layer resin permeable medium zone, to lay triangle upper strata, top resin permeable medium 14; At upper strata resin permeable medium 14 upper edge prefabricated components 4 widths,, in the middle of resin distribution pipeline 12, connect resin coupler 11 at edge lay resin distribution pipeline 12; On prefabricated component 4 length directions, each one group of exhaust passage 10 of lay placed in the middle along both sides, prefabricated component 4 edge, exhaust passage 10 and prefabricated component 4 overlap joint 20mm, on exhaust passage 10, respectively lay an exhaust outlet 9 away from the position of prefabricated component 4 symmetry placed in the middle, with the above system of vacuum bag 2 sealings, and with exhaust outlet 9 and resin coupler 11 and the connection of outside corresponding system.Above-mentioned sealing system is found time by common molding mode, and injecting glue solidifies.Through check, the sheet material fiber volume fraction that makes is more than 50%, and thickness is even, mass defects such as the inner tight of goods, dry spot, and the products appearance quality is good.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of vacuum auxiliary molding technique of composite product, comprise one-side mould (1), the prefabricated component of lay (4) successively on mould, release cloth (5), resin flow guide system (6), and the technological equipment in forming process comprises injecting glue system (7), exhaust outlet (9) and be used for the vacuum bag (2) of system sealing, its characteristics are in formation system, on at least one direction except that the resin injection end, with upper strata release cloth (5), resin flow guide system (6) to shop layer center indentation one segment distance, forms the resin choked flow district (8) of the no flow guide system in surface along the edge of prefabricated component (4) in the marginal portion near prefabricated component (4).
2, the described vacuum auxiliary molding technique of claim 1 is provided with resin choked flow district (8) on the direction of prefabricated component (4) surface away from injecting glue system (7).
3, the described vacuum auxiliary molding technique of claim 1, the width in resin choked flow district (8) is not less than the thickness of product.
4, the described vacuum auxiliary molding technique of claim 1, the width in resin choked flow district (8) is not less than 10mm.
5, the described vacuum auxiliary molding technique of claim 1, exhaust outlet (9) is connected by exhaust passage (10) with prefabricated component (4), the edge of prefabricated component (4) and exhaust passage (10) overlap joint.
6, the described exhaust passage of claim 5 (10) have the strip structure of coordinating mutually with prefabricated component (4) corresponding edge, and length is not more than the equidirectional size that goes up flow guide system (6), and width is not less than 10mm.
7, the lap width of the edge of the described prefabricated component of claim 6 (4) and exhaust passage (10) is 10mm～400mm.
8, the described resin flow guide system of claim 1 (6) adopts the superimposed lay form of multilayer permeable medium.
9, the described resin flow guide system of claim 8 (6) adopts double-deck permeable medium iterative structure, is made of lower floor's permeable medium (13), upper strata permeable medium (14) superimposition, and upper strata permeable medium (14) does not contact with prefabricated component (4).
10, the described upper strata of claim 9 permeable medium (14) is similar triangular structure, has one near the base of straight line (containing straight line) and the drift angle pinnacle less than 90 °, and two permeable mediums (14) are to the top lay, the some contact.
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| CN 200310114495 CN1291831C (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process |
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| CN 200310114495 CN1291831C (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process |
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| CN1291831C true CN1291831C (en) | 2006-12-27 |
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| CN 200310114495 Expired - Fee Related CN1291831C (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process |
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Families Citing this family (19)
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| DK176296B1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-06-18 | Lm Glasfiber As | Preparation of laminate by resin injection |
| CN101725464B (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2012-03-07 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method for making vane of wind-driven generator by adopting ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber composites |
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| US8303882B2 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2012-11-06 | General Electric Company | Apparatus and method of making composite material articles |
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| CN102179942A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-09-14 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Liquid forming method of composite material for closed die built-in resin flow distributor |
| CN102166826B (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Forming process of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material |
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| CN107599450B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-03-17 | 山东非金属材料研究所 | Method for forming sandwich material |
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| CN113423563A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-09-21 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
| CN112659595B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-12-16 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Device and method for removing solvent in carbon fiber polyimide composite bottle body in layered mode |
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| CN117325484B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-01-26 | 广州赛奥碳纤维技术股份有限公司 | Forming device and forming method of carbon fiber composite material |
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Assignee: Kunshan Huafeng Wind Power Generation and Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: NO.53 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHINA NORTH INDUSTRIES Group Corp. Contract record no.: 2010320000861 Denomination of invention: Composite material vacuum auxiliary forming process Granted publication date: 20061227 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20041215 Record date: 20100705 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20061227 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |