CN1291047C

CN1291047C - Method for preparing AL-Si-Fe alloy using powdered coal ash as raw material

Info

Publication number: CN1291047C
Application number: CN 200510011394
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢惠民; 陈明法; 刘强; 徐佩声
Original assignee: BEIJING YANHUANG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT Co Ltd; University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Current assignee: BEIJING YANHUANG INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT Co Ltd; University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Priority date: 2005-03-07
Filing date: 2005-03-07
Publication date: 2006-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2025-03-07
Also published as: CN1657640A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing AL-Si-Fe alloy by using powdered coal ash as raw material, which belongs to the field of metal material. The present invention is characterized in that the method adopts powdered coal ash as raw material and adopts coal slurry and petroleum coke as reducing agents; the content of the powdered coal ash is from 50 to 70%, and the content of the coal slurry and the petroleum coke is from 20 to 40%; 5 to 8% of waste paper slurry, 4 to 6% of water and 1% to 4% of barium calcium compound additive are added; the raw material is respectively ground into powdered material whose granularity is less than 1mm; the powdered material is uniformly mixed in a mixing machine; the mixture is prepared into ball groups in a briquetting machine; the ball groups are dried and dewatered at the temperature of 100 to 150 DEG C, and that moisture is not more than 1% is required; the dried ball groups are added to an alternating current ore heat arc furnace or a direct current ore heat arc furnace; the temperature in the furnace is from 1700 to 1900 DEG C, and the time of reduction reaction is from 3 to 4 hours; after 2 to 4 hours, AL-Si alloy liquid is released into a ladle from an aluminum outlet; a scouring agent is added to the ladle in order to remove slag; after filtering, deslagging, mixing and diluting, ingots are cast, and crude Al-Si-Fe alloy is obtained. The method fully utilizes powdered coal ash which is solid waste discharged by Chinese coal fired power plants. The present invention has the advantages of short production flow, low energy consumption, low cost and no industrial waste.

Description

Method for producing aluminum silicon iron alloy by using fly ash as raw material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a method for producing an aluminum-silicon-iron alloy by using fly ash as a raw material.

Background

The Al-Si-Fe alloy is used as deoxidant for smelting steel, and is produced mainly by mixing method in China. The alloy is prepared by remelting and proportionally melting and mixing raw aluminum produced by an electrolytic method and industrial ferrosilicon. Therefore, the process from ores to finished products can be finished through a plurality of procedures such as an alumina plant, an electrolytic aluminum plant, an industrial ferrosilicon plant and the like, the production process is long, the energy consumption is high, the cost of the aluminum-silicon alloy is high, and the production process has great influence on the environment. In order to reduce the production cost of sendust, there are reports of methods for producing sendust in an electric arc furnace by using silumin, such as bauxite, kyanite, and sillimanite, or iron filings as raw materials, which bring greater social and economic benefits than the blending method, but the raw material costs of bauxite, kyanite, and sillimanite still make the sendust production cost very high. The invention utilizes fly ash to produce the ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy. The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas by taking coal as fuel, the content of the fine ash accounts for 5-20% of the total weight of the coal and is main solid waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant. The annual emission of fly ash from coal-fired power plants in China is over 1000 million tons, and with the development of the power industry, the annual emission of fly ash is increasing day by day, which pollutes the environment, wastes resources and occupies the field. Fly ash is a solid phase aggregate with high dispersity, wherein the main mineral components are alumina and silica, and hematite, unburned fine carbon particles, coal gangue and the like are also contained. The total content of alumina, silicon oxide and iron-containing minerals is more than 80%, and the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy is an excellent raw material for smelting aluminum-silicon-iron alloy. The production of the ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy by using the fly ash can not only reduce the construction investment of an ash storage yard and reduce the environmental pollution, but also bring great economic benefits for a power plant.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a method for producing an Al-Si-Fe alloy by using fly ash as a raw material, which solves the problems of long production flow, high energy consumption and high cost of a blending method.

A process for preparing Al-Si-Fe alloy from powdered coal ash includes such steps as mixing powdered coal ash with coal slurry and petroleum coke as reducer, mixing with waste paper pulp, and adding Ba-Ca compound additive. 50-70% of fly ash, 20-40% of coal slime and petroleum coke, and 5-8% of waste paper pulp liquid and 1-4% of barium-calcium composite additive are added. The weight percentage content of alumina in the fly ash is 15-45%, the weight percentage content of silicon oxide is 35-50%, the weight percentage content of ferric oxide is 5-15%, wherein part of the fly ash is reduced into iron powder and ferroferric oxide; the coal slime fixed carbon content is 40-60%, the petroleum coke fixed carbon content is 80-90%, and the mixing ratio of the coal slime to the petroleum coke is 8: 2-6: 4.

The production steps are as follows:

1. respectively grinding coal slime and petroleum coke serving as reducing agents into powder with the granularity smaller than 1 mm; all the materials are mixed in proportion and then are uniformly mixed in a mixer. Pelletizing the mixed materials in a pelletizing machine, wherein the pelletizing pressure is 20-30 MPa; drying and dehydrating the prepared pellets at 100-150 ℃, wherein the water content is requiredto be not more than 1%.

2. And adding the dried pellets into an alternating current or direct current ore-heating arc furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 1700-1900 ℃, and the reduction reaction time is 3-4 hours.

3. And discharging the liquid of the ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy from the aluminum outlet to the ladle at regular intervals (2-4 hours). Because the alloy contains a certain amount of non-metallic impurities, a refining agent is added into the ladle to remove slag. Adding a refining agent into the ladle, filtering to remove slag, mixing, diluting, and then casting ingots to obtain the coarse ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy. The Al-Si-Fe alloy obtained by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 30 percent of aluminum, 10 to 50 percent of silicon, and the balance of iron and other elements contained in the fly ash which enters the ferro-aluminum-silicon alloy through smelting.

The principle of the invention is According to the chemical reaction formula, the ratio of the sum of pure aluminum oxide, silicon oxide and ferric oxide to pure carbon is 161: 48, and the optimal carbon distribution amount is 93-95% of the theoretical requirement of complete reaction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

1. at present, the accumulated amount of fly ash in China reaches 5 hundred million tons, and the fly ash can be directly used as a raw material for producing the ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy without grinding ore and without counting the cost, which is incomparable with other silicon-containing and aluminum-containing raw materials;

2. the raw materials of the fly ash are mixed with various contents of aluminum-containing silicon-containing and iron-containing ores to produce various grades of aluminum-silicon-iron alloys containing aluminum, silicon and iron.

3. An alternating current or direct current ore-smelting electric arc furnace can be used as long as the reaction temperature in the furnace is maintained at 1700-1900 ℃.

5. The aluminosilicate slag obtained in the smelting process can be used as a raw material of cement or ceramics, so that the method for producing the ferro-silicon-aluminum alloy by using the fly ash as the raw material has the process characteristic of no waste.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

example 1: production of Al-Si-Fe alloy from flyash as raw material in 100KVA DC arc furnace

A100 KVA direct current electric arc furnace is adopted, and the raw materials are proportioned as follows: 58% of fly ash, 30% of coal slime and petroleum coke, and 6% of pulp waste liquid, 4% of water and 2% of barium-calcium composite additive. The raw materials comprise 35 percent of aluminum oxide, 45 percent of silicon oxide, 14 percent of ferric oxide and the balance of other impurity minerals; coal slime and petroleum coke are reducing agents, wherein the coal slime contains 4.0% of water, 30.0% of volatile components, 8.0% of ash, 0.5% of petroleum coke water and 12.0% of volatile components, and the ratio of the coal slime to the petroleum coke is 6: 4; the paper pulp waste liquid is adhesive, the water content is 50.0%, the ash content is 10.0%, and the volatile component is 40.0%. The operating voltage was 35V and the current was 1600A. The aluminum-silicon alloy is discharged every 4 hours to prepare the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy with the aluminum content of 25 percent by weight, the silicon content of 45 percent by weight and the iron content of 28 percent by weight, and the balance of other elements.

Example 2: production of Al-Si-Fe alloy from powdered coal ash, kaolin and iron ore in 100KVA DC arc furnace

A100 KVA direct current electric arc furnace is adopted, and the raw materials are proportioned as follows: 50% of fly ash, 20% of kaolin, 20% of coal slime and petroleum coke, 6% of waste paper pulp liquid and 5% of water. The weight percentage content of alumina in the raw material is 40%, the weight percentage content of silicon oxide is 50%, and the weight percentage content of ferric oxide is 15%; coal slime and petroleum coke are reducing agents, wherein the coal slime contains 4.0% of water, 30.0% of volatile components, 8.0% of ash, 0.5% of petroleum coke water and 12.0% of volatile components, and the ratio of the coal slime to the petroleum coke is 7: 3; the paper pulp waste liquid is adhesive, the water content is 50.0%, the ash content is 10.0%, and the volatile component is 40.0%. The operating voltage was 35V and the current was 1600A. The aluminum-silicon alloy is discharged every 4 hours to prepare the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy with the aluminum content of 31 percent by weight, the silicon content of 47 percent by weight and the iron content of 20 percent by weight, and the balance of other elements.

Example 3: production of Al-Si-Fe alloy from flyash as raw material in 10000KVA AC electric arc furnace

Adopting 10000KVA AC ore-smelting electric arc furnace, wherein the raw materials comprise fly ash, 35.0 percent by weight of aluminum oxide, 48 percent by weight of silicon oxide and 10 percent by weight of ferric oxide; coal slime and petroleum coke are reducing agents, wherein the coal slime contains 4.0% of water, 30.0% of volatile components, 8.0% of ash, 0.5% of petroleum coke water and 12.0% of volatile components, and the ratio of the coal slime to the petroleum coke is 7: 3; the paper pulp waste liquid is adhesive, the water content is 50.0 percent, the ash content is 10.0 percent, and the volatile component is 40.0 percent; adding 2 percent of barium-calcium composite additive by weight percentage. The aluminum-silicon alloy is discharged every 4 hours to prepare the aluminum-silicon-iron alloy with the aluminum content of 28 percent by weight, the silicon content of 48 percent by weight and the iron content of 22 percent by weight, and the balance of other elements.

Claims

1. A method for producing aluminum-silicon-iron alloy by using fly ash as a raw material is characterized in that the method takes the fly ash as the raw material, coal slime and petroleum coke as reducing agents, the weight percentage content of the fly ash is 50-70%, the weight percentage content of the coal slime and the petroleum coke is 20-40%, waste paper pulp liquid with the weight percentage content of 5-8% and barium-calcium composite additives with the weight percentage content of 1-4% are added; the content of alumina in the fly ash raw material is 15-40%, the weight percentage content of silicon oxide is 35-50%, and the sum of the weight percentage contents of ferric oxide, iron powder and ferroferric oxide is 5-15%; the coal slime fixed carbon content is 40-60%, the petroleum coke fixed carbon content is 80-90%, and the mixing ratio of the coal slime to the petroleum coke is 8: 2-6: 4.

2. The method for producing AlSiFe alloy from fly ash as raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

a. respectively grinding coal slime and petroleum coke serving as reducing agents into powder with the granularity smaller than 1 mm; all materials are mixed in proportion and then are uniformly mixed in a mixer; pelletizing the mixed materials in a pelletizing machine, wherein the pelletizing pressure is 20-30 MPa; drying and dehydrating the prepared pellets at 100-150 ℃ until the water content is not more than 1%;

b. adding the dried pellets into an alternating current or direct current ore-heating arc furnace, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 1700-1900 ℃, and the reduction reaction time is 3-4 hours;

c. and discharging aluminum-silicon alloy liquid from an aluminum outlet to the ladle at intervals of 2-4 hours, adding a refining agent into the ladle to remove slag, filtering to remove slag, mixing, diluting, and then casting ingots to obtain the coarse aluminum-silicon-iron alloy.