CN1290624C - Multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and apparatus - Google Patents
Multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1290624C CN1290624C CN 200410020626 CN200410020626A CN1290624C CN 1290624 C CN1290624 C CN 1290624C CN 200410020626 CN200410020626 CN 200410020626 CN 200410020626 A CN200410020626 A CN 200410020626A CN 1290624 C CN1290624 C CN 1290624C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and a device. A loading table of a special device of the method is provided with a test piece, spraying distances are adjusted in sequence, a cabin door is sealed, and a vacuum is pumped. Inert gas is poured, the test piece is heated, and an electric arc and a plasma spraying gun are used for spray. Temperature preservation and drop is carried out, and the test piece is taken out in the device after the spray is finished, wherein a vacuum degree is (5.5-6.5)*10<-4>hpa, base materials are heated to 500 DEG C to 700 DEG C, spray distances are from 80 to 180 millimeters, and preservation temperature is from 650 DEG C to 750 DEG C. Temperature preserving time is from 25 to 35 minutes, and the test piece is taken out when the temperature is dropped to 60 DEG C to 50 DEG C. The spray voltage of the electric arc is from 30 to 33V, electricity is from 150 to 200A, the pressure of the inert gas is from 0.4 to 0.7MPa, and the spray power of plasma is from 60 to 100KW. A main gas flux is from 40 to 60 L/min, the diameter of a spray wire is from 1.6 to 2.0mm, and a powder size is from 200 to 325 meshes. A box body of the special device is provided with a gas inlet, a gas exhausting port and a gas extracting port, a support plate and the loading table which is connected with the support plate and is capable of moving upwards, downwards, leftwards and rightwards are arranged in the box body, a heating plate is arranged on the loading table, and the electric arc and the plasma spraying gun are arranged outside the box body. Composite material bodies prepared in the method have the advantages of large bonding strength, good performance and low expenses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spraying method and device,, utilize plasma spray technology to prepare the method and apparatus of composite volume moulding especially about under the multicomponent atmosphere controlled condition.
Background technology
At present, in order to prepare various wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, anti-oxidant, heat insulation, conductions and other property parts, often adopt plasma spray technology, to its surface spraying one deck composite coating.Technology such as the jet deposition of employing are also arranged, the bulk forming spare of preparation composite, the former carries out under atmospheric conditions, certain effect is arranged, but the molten drop or the particle that usually are heated to high temperature are oxidized, form deposited oxide layer, so just, destroyed between particle, interfacial bonding strength, and in deep layer, easily form field trash and hole, even this interface also can't be improved by diffusion and phase transformation in later stage solid-state phase changes and recrystallization process, especially when coating layer thickness is thicker, easily take place to ftracture and peel off, let alone the preparation bulk forming; It is to carry out under the metal melting condition that the latter prepares bulk forming, and this just makes the fusing point difference, and the different composite of proportion is difficult to accomplish mix consistent, brings the difficulty that is difficult to overcome, and Expected Results is affected, even some material can not mix use.And this equipment investment is big, production cost is high; although Chinese and overseas scholars plants vacuum, argon shield, fuel gas reduction technique in the spraying technology, obtain positive progress, in preparation process because phase transformation need be finished; and lack control, make its phase structure and institutional framework desirable not to the utmost.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned weak point, the present invention will provide a kind of spraying atmosphere, environment temperature, workpiece temperature, spray distance, particle flying speed, particle layer temperature and part, and variations in temperature is adjustable subsequently, make between particle, the interfacial bonding strength height, no field trash, imporosity, do not ftracture, do not peel off, utilize plasma spray technology to prepare composite volume forming method and simple in structure, easy to operate, the device that small investment is directly related with its method.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is: comprise in the method base material test specimen surface degreasing, rust cleaning, blasting treatment, the base material test specimen is inserted in the isolated plant, vacuumize thereupon, inert gas injecting such as argon gas, vacuumize repeated multiple times again, diluent air is treated O
2And N
2After content reaches requirement, the heated substrate test specimen, utilize spraying technology to prepare composite bodies, promptly utilize electric arc and plasma spraying equipment individually or simultaneously the base material test specimen to be replaced or layering spraying composite, insulation in device, cooling, taking-up after the moulding, vacuum is (5.5～6.5) * 10 in this process holding device
-4Hpa, base material temperature is controlled at according to spraying material difference more than the plasticity temperature of material or more than the solidus temperature, usually remain on 500 ℃～700 ℃, spray distance remains on 80～180 millimeters, spraying finishes the back and is incubated between 25～35 minutes in 650 ℃～750 ℃ scopes, after stopping heating, when product progressively was cooled to 60 ℃～50 ℃, taking-up got final product.Operating voltage 30～33V during electric arc spraying wherein, electric current 150～200A, inject atomization gas such as argon gas, pressure 0.4～0.7MPa, its operating power 60～100KW during plasma spraying, main gas (argon gas) flow 40～60L/min, auxiliary gas (hydrogen) flow 80～100L/min, powder feeding gas (argon gas) flow 8～12L/min, Spray Wire material diameter 1.6～2.0mm, the dusty material granularity is 200～325 orders, Spray Wire can be a kind of of solid silk, tubular silk, device powder or filiform in the wherein tubular silk, and different with the body material.
Device with its method, comprise the shell of suit from outside to inside, insulating, the casing that sealed compartment is formed, one end is provided with flange seat and coupled flange, be provided with the support plate that is divided into gas storage chamber and spray booth and can ventilates in the casing, gas storage chamber is provided with the gas access, spray booth is provided with exhaust outlet and the bleeding point that links to each other with vavuum pump, in spray booth, be provided with support plate and link to each other, and the microscope carrier that can move up and down, be provided with thermocouple in the platform, the indoor support plate breach that passes of gas storage is provided with the electric hot plate that links to each other with microscope carrier, but flange is provided with the arc pistol and the plasma gun that link to each other with relevant paint finishing of the displacement of corner energy, casing and flange connecting portion are provided with water cooling tube, the microscope carrier that can move up and down, the mechanism that its control moves up and down is axle sleeve and the interior vertical pull bar that is provided with of this axle sleeve, described axle sleeve has water collar and fixedlys connected with casing.One end of this vertical pull bar links to each other with being linked to be the slideway that is slidingly connected with microscope carrier, and microscope carrier limit portion has vertical bar hole; The mechanism of control microscope carrier move left and right is the girt that is provided with in horizontal axle sleeve and this horizontal axle sleeve, the trunnion axis cover has water jacket and fixedlys connected with casing, one end of this girt is the Contraband type, its middle part is provided with girt and microscope carrier be linked to be to be slidingly connected and runs in the guide pin in the vertical bar hole, the microscope carrier bottom is provided with its spacing mobile left plate washer and right plate washer that make of fixedlying connected with casing, the other end of vertical pull bar and girt can link to each other with a kind of mechanism manual, electronic, that surge, and the various operating procedures of stipulating in the energy implementation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can be easily layer temperature and the variations in temperature of working is subsequently controlled spraying atmosphere, environment temperature, device temperature, spray distance, particle flying speed, particle, make between particle, the interfacial bonding strength height, no-sundries, imporosity, do not ftracture, do not peel off, utilize plasma spray technology just can prepare various composite material formings, use simple, easy to operate, the small investment of apparatus structure of this method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be this method schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2: be this method apparatus structure principle schematic;
Fig. 3: be microscope carrier structural principle schematic diagram among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4: be microscope carrier sectional structure schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 shell, 2 insulatings, 3 sealed compartments, 4 gas accesses, 5 electric hot plates, 6 thermocouples, 7 microscope carriers, 8 test specimens, 9 coatings, 10 support plates, 11 exhaust outlets, 12 water cooling tubes, 13 arc pistols, 14 plasmas are coated with rifle, 15 flanges, 16 bleeding points, 17 water collars, 18 vertical pull bars, 19 axle sleeves, 20 slideways, 21 pins, 22 vertical bar holes, 23 right plate washers, 24 water jackets, 25 horizontal axle sleeves, 26 girts, 27 right baffle-plates.
The specific embodiment
Multicomponent atmosphere controllable type spraying method and device, when preparation bulk forming or the moulding of composite volume, at first matrix material is carried out surface degreasing, rust cleaning, blasting treatment, again it is inserted in the isolated plant, distance between fixing accent spray gun and the matrix, seal hatch door more successively, vacuumize, inert gas injecting vacuumizes again, and inert gas reinjects, repeated multiple times, diluent air is treated O
2And N
2After content reached requirement, the heating test specimen utilized spraying technology to prepare composite bodies, promptly utilizes electric arc and plasma equipment, individually or simultaneously base material was replaced or layering spraying composite, and insulation in device, cooling are taken out after the moulding.This process is (5.5～6.5) * 10 with vacuum in the holding device
-4Hpa, base material temperature is controlled at according to sprayed on material material difference more than the plasticity temperature of material or more than the solidus temperature, normally remain on 500 ℃～700 ℃, spray distance remains on 80～180 millimeters, spraying finishes the back and is incubated between 25～35 minutes in 650 ℃～750 ℃ scopes, after stopping heating, when product progressively was cooled to 60 ℃～50 ℃, taking-up got final product.
Operating voltage 30～33V during electric arc spraying wherein, electric current 150～200A, inject atomization gas, as argon pressure is 0.4～0.7MPa, its operating power 60～100KW during plasma spraying, main gas (argon gas) flow 40～60L/min, auxiliary gas (hydrogen) flow 80～100L/min, powder feeding gas (argon gas) flow 8～12L/min, Spray Wire material diameter 1.6～2.0mm, the dusty material granularity is 200～325 orders, Spray Wire can be a kind of of solid silk, tubular silk, device powder or filiform in the wherein tubular silk, and different with the body material.
Device with its method, comprise the shell 1 of suit from outside to inside, insulating 2, the casing that sealed compartment 3 is formed, one end is provided with flange seat and coupled flange 15, be provided with the support plate 10 that is divided into gas storage chamber and spray booth and can ventilates in the casing, gas storage chamber is provided with gas access 4, spray booth is provided with exhaust outlet 11 and the bleeding point 16 that links to each other with vavuum pump, in spray booth, be provided with support plate 10 and link to each other, and the microscope carrier 7 that can move up and down, be provided with thermocouple 6 in the platform, indoor support plate 10 breach that pass of gas storage are provided with the electric hot plate 5 that links to each other with microscope carrier 7, but flange 15 is provided with the arc pistol 13 and the plasma gun 14 that link to each other with relevant paint finishing of the displacement of corner energy, casing and flange connecting portion are provided with water cooling tube 12, the microscope carrier 7 that can move up and down, the mechanism that its control moves up and down has to be provided with in the axle sleeve of fixedlying connected with casing 19 of water collar 17 to make the vertical vertical pull bar 18 that moves of microscope carrier, this bar links to each other with being linked to be the slideway 20 that is slidingly connected with microscope carrier, and microscope carrier 7 limit portions have vertical bar hole 22; The mechanism of control move left and right has in the horizontal axle sleeve 25 of fixedlying connected with casing of water jacket 24 to be provided with the girt 26 that microscope carrier is moved horizontally, this end is the Contraband type, its middle part is provided with girt 26 and microscope carrier 7 be linked to be and is slidingly connected and runs in the guide pin 21 in the vertical bar hole, the microscope carrier bottom is provided with its spacing mobile left plate washer 27 and right plate washer that make of fixedlying connected with casing, the other end of 23 vertical pull bars 18 and girt 26 can link to each other with a kind of mechanism manual, electronic, that surge, and the various operating procedures of stipulating in the energy implementation method.
Example 1:
With this method and device preparation Fe
3The Al compound coat at first needs to prepare one and is used for Fe
3The base material of Al compound coat deposition, this base material can carbon steels, also can be that other fusing point is higher than 800 ℃ metal material.Substrate surface is beforehand with blasting treatment, deposition when depositing to increase coating.The technological process as shown in Figure 3 of concrete spraying process.After the base material test specimen is placed on the test specimen microscope carrier, shut the hatch door of closed cabin, begin closed cabin is vacuumized.Vacuum reaches 6 * 10 in closed cabin
-4Behind the hpa, to further dilute the composition of air in the closed cabin by the method for argon cleaning.The method of argon cleaning is: applying argon gas vacuumizes then.Generally speaking, twice argon cleaning can meet the demands repeatedly.
O in closed cabin
2And N
2After content reaches requirement, the heating process that begins the base material test specimen is that resistance wire is delivered to the base material test specimen by the heating to the test specimen microscope carrier with heat, for wherein Fe, Al elemental diffusion after coating is formed still carried out, heating-up temperature to the base material test specimen should be at 500 ℃～700 ℃, in arc spray process, arc-melting spraying wire, and make Fe, Al element generation metallurgical reaction in the molten drop simultaneously, when molten drop struck base material test specimen surface, molten drop was piled up and is formed coating.Because the distance that molten drop is flown before leaving paint spray gun and arrival substrate surface is weak point (general 100～150mm), flight time very short (being generally several milliseconds), the metallurgical reaction of molten drop is abundant inadequately, the coating that moment this moment forms form be rich Al district, rich Fe district and some Fe/Al compounds mutually.Because base material has higher temperature (be higher than Al fusing point 660 ℃), the Al elemental diffusion is carried out easily, in spraying process and the one section holding stage of spraying after finishing, all will guarantee Fe
3The smooth formation of Al intermetallic compound.Its technological parameter is when adopting electric arc spraying:
Spray voltage: 30V;
Spraying current: 150A;
Spray distance: 80mm;
Atomization gas: 0.4MPa;
Spray filament diameter: 2mm.
After spraying process finishes, test specimen is continued 700 ℃ of heating 30 minutes.After stopping heating, after temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ in closed cabin, open hatch door again, take out test specimen.
Example 2:
With this method and device preparation TiAl/Al
2O
3Former step process of the technical process of composite layer are identical with foregoing application example 1 method, sprayed on material and spraying method that its difference mainly is to use.This technology has two kinds of schemes: scheme one is to use Al silk, Ti silk and Al
2O
3Ceramic powders is as sprayed on material, and using electric arc sprays and plasma spraying simultaneously.Wherein Al silk, Ti silk adopt electric arc spraying, and Al silk and Ti silk respectively are an electrode, adjust the wire feed rate of every rhizoid respectively, make the content ratio likely of Al and Ti in the coating of formation.In Arc sprayed Al and Ti, plasma spraying Al
2O
3Ceramic powders makes the spraying line of these two paint spray guns be deposited on the same area, forms Al, Ti and Al
2O
3Three's mechanical impurity coating.Another program is the Ti silk to be wrapped in make the Ti/Al recombination line among the Al pipe and carry out electric arc spraying, and isoionic spraying process is identical with scheme 1.No matter above-mentioned any process program all need the base material test specimen is heated in spraying process, and heating-up temperature is 700 ℃, and prepares Fe in the application example 1
3The heating process of Al is identical.Because metallurgical reaction in spraying process and heated substrate are to the facilitation of Al and Ti Elements Diffusion, coating finally forms by Ti/Al intermetallic compound and Al
2O
3The institutional framework that wild phase is formed.
Technological parameter when electric arc spraying Ti silk, Al silk or Ti/Al composite filament is:
Silk material diameter 1.6mm.
Spray voltage 30V;
Spraying current 180A;
Spray distance 120mm;
Atomization gas (argon gas) pressure 0.5MPa:
Plasma spraying Al
2O
3The time technological parameter be:
Al
2O
3Powder size 260 orders
Plant capacity 80KW
Main gas (argon gas) flow 50L/min
Auxiliary gas (argon gas) flow 90L/min
Powder feeding gas (argon gas) flow 10/min
Spray distance 150mm
After spraying process finishes, test specimen is continued 700 ℃ of heating 30 minutes, after stopping to heat, after temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ in closed cabin, open hatch door again, take out test specimen.
Except that above introduction two on the example application, adopt apparatus and method of the present invention can also prepare the composite that multiple cermet increases strong phase.
Claims (5)
1, multicomponent atmosphere controllable type spraying method, it comprises base material test specimen surface degreasing, rust cleaning, blasting treatment, and the base material test specimen is inserted in the isolated plant, vacuumize thereupon, inert gas injecting, diluent air is treated O
2And N
2After content reaches requirement, utilize spraying technology to prepare composite bodies, it is characterized in that: the heated substrate test specimen, utilize electric arc and plasma spraying device, individually or simultaneously the base material test specimen is replaced or layering spraying composite, insulation in device, cooling, taking-up after the moulding, this process keeps vacuum (5.5～6.5) * 10 in the described device
-4Hpa, base material test specimen temperature is controlled at according to spraying material difference more than the plasticity temperature of this material or more than the solidus temperature, be controlled at 500 ℃～700 ℃, spray distance remains on 80～180 millimeters, spraying finishes the back and be incubated 25～35 minutes in 650 ℃～750 ℃ scope, after stopping heating, when the base material test specimen is cooled to 60 ℃～50 ℃, take out and get final product, operating voltage 30～33V during electric arc spraying wherein, electric current 150～200A injects atomization pressure 0.4～0.7MPa, its operating power 60～100KW during plasma spraying, primary air amount 40～60L/min, secondary air amount 80～100L/min, powder feeding gas flow 8～12L/min, Spray Wire material diameter 1.6～2.0mm, the dusty material granularity is 200～325 orders; Described inert gas, atomization gas, main gas, powder feeding gas are argon gas, and described auxiliary gas is hydrogen.
2, multicomponent atmosphere controllable type spraying method according to claim 1 is characterized in that said Spray Wire is a kind of of solid silk, tubular silk, is equipped with powder or filiform and different with the body material in the wherein tubular silk.
3, a kind of device that is used for claim 1 method, comprise the shell of suit from outside to inside, insulating, the casing that sealed compartment is formed, one end is provided with flange seat and coupled flange, it is characterized in that being provided with in the casing support plate that is divided into gas storage chamber and spray booth and can ventilates, gas storage chamber is provided with the gas access, spray booth is provided with exhaust outlet and the bleeding point that links to each other with vavuum pump, in spray booth, be provided with the microscope carrier that links to each other and can move up and down with support plate, be provided with thermocouple in the platform, the indoor support plate breach that passes of gas storage is provided with the electric hot plate that links to each other with microscope carrier, but flange is provided with corner, the arc pistol and the plasma gun that link to each other with relevant paint finishing of energy displacement, casing and flange connecting portion are provided with water cooling tube.
4, device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the said microscope carrier that moves up and down, the mechanism that its control microscope carrier moves up and down is axle sleeve and the interior vertical pull bar that is provided with of this axle sleeve, described axle sleeve has water collar and fixedlys connected with casing, one end of this vertical pull bar links to each other with being linked to be the slideway that is slidingly connected with microscope carrier, microscope carrier limit portion has vertical bar hole, the mechanism of control microscope carrier move left and right is the girt that is provided with in horizontal axle sleeve and this horizontal axle sleeve, described trunnion axis cover has water jacket and fixedlys connected with casing, one end of this girt is the Contraband type, Contraband type middle part is provided with girt and microscope carrier be linked to be and is slidingly connected and runs in the guide pin in the vertical bar hole, and the microscope carrier bottom is provided with its spacing mobile left plate washer and right plate washer that make of fixedlying connected with casing.
5, device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the other end of said vertical pull bar and girt all links to each other with a kind of mechanism manual, electronic, that surge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410020626 CN1290624C (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410020626 CN1290624C (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1583283A CN1583283A (en) | 2005-02-23 |
| CN1290624C true CN1290624C (en) | 2006-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410020626 Expired - Fee Related CN1290624C (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Multicomponent atmosphere controllable spraying method and apparatus |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102140616A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-08-03 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for preparing metal-ceramic composite material coating and gradient structure coating |
| CN103861754B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-08-24 | 基迈克材料科技（苏州）有限公司 | The portable slender piece sandblasting of sand material automatic recovery-circulating and arc spraying apparatus |
| CN106423734B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2022-05-10 | 广东工业大学 | Spraying and glue dispensing device and technology |
| CN112439582A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 长鑫存储技术有限公司 | Spraying device, semiconductor processing equipment and method for spraying reactants |
| CN111468344B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-03-09 | 亚洲硅业(青海)股份有限公司 | Device and method for spraying inner wall of bell jar of reduction furnace and reduction furnace |
| CN113701898B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-21 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | Forging temperature detection device |
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2004
- 2004-05-28 CN CN 200410020626 patent/CN1290624C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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