CN1288114A - Powder metallurgy, rare-earth, iron and brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing and its mfg. method - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy, rare-earth, iron and brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing and its mfg. method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An oil-contained bearing contains such components (Wt.%) as: Cu (20-45), Zn (4-9), La or Ce (0.2-2), and Fe (rest) through proportional mixing of Cu, Zn, La or Ce, and Fe powders press shaping, sinter, shaping, and immersing in oil. Its advantages include saving copper, low cost, small friction coefficient, low noise and not rusting easily.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy bearing made from powder metallurgic method, more particularly, relate at the automobile micromachine, sound equipment player, duplicating machine such as optical precision instruments such as photographic camera, VCD are used to rotate the alloy oil-impregnated bearing that the sintering of support motor axle or similarity piece is made in the middle of the household electric appliance such as hair dryer.
At present, the used micromachine bearing of above-mentioned various machinery equipments should be asked has good antifriction performance, requires running shaft in bearing during high speed rotating again, and mechanical sliding friction noise is low.This class bearing is to adopt 6-6-3 bronze powder, Cu-Sn bronze powder material mostly, makes through shaping, sintering.This powder contains a large amount of copper, the Cu850-900Kg that contains per ton, and the copper resource lacks in China, so this alloy bearing manufacture cost height.Iron Cu-base powder (or antimony Cu-base powder) alloying oil-impregnated bearing technical performance will reach uses copper tin, or the technical performance that surpasses the bearing that the 6-6-3 bronze powder makes is very difficult, mainly show the following aspects: 1, iron-copper oil-impregnated bearing surface ratio copper base oil containing bearing surface friction coefficient is big, temperature conductivity is poor, and noise exceeds more than 10 decibels; 2, the alloy skewness of iron-copper powder sintering bearing, the apparent soft or hard of product differs; 3, metallographic structure is wayward during sintering; 4, easy-to-rust oxidation.And for example Chinese patent specification CN1021777C discloses a kind of " containing the antimony copper-based powder material ", and its inventive point is the tin of conserve expensive, replaces tin with antimony, makes oil-impregnated bearing.But, the embodiment cited from this patent specification shows: contain antimony copper-base alloy powder and goods thereof, though there is antimony metal to replace tin metal, but, it is compared with 6-6-3 bronze powder and goods thereof: the loose specific weight of this powder and the density of goods thereof, radial crushing strength (Mpa) and apparent hardness mechanical propertys such as (HB) all are lower than the technical standard of 6-6-3 bronze, after overcoming Cu-Sb alloy cooling, the composition non-uniform phenomenon occurs, also adopted raw material preparation → melting → gas atomization → dry → sieve → technological processes such as powder.The cost of production of this powder and goods thereof is also high, therefore, from its application day so far, be not committed to large-scale production yet.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing, it adopts iron instead of part copper, not only reduced cost of production, it is little to make it have a friction ractor, the machinery sliding noise is low, alloy composition is evenly distributed, and is difficult for the corrosion oxidation, and its performance reaches copper tin or surpasses the oil-impregnated bearing technical standard of 6-6-3 bronze powder sintering.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the above-mentioned a kind of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing that provides, its composition is formed (weight percentage) and is contained Cu20-45%, Zn4-9%, La or Ce0.2-2%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities, and adopt following method preparation: it is to contain the powder 20-45% (weight) of Cu element, the powder 4-9% (weight) that contains the Zn element, the powder 0.2-2% (weight) of La or Ce element, all the other are that the composition formed of the such proportioning of the powder of Fe and unavoidable impurities is through mixing, press forming, sintering, shaping, immersion oil is handled the bearing of making.
Also contain Ti0.04-0.6% in the composition composition (weight percentage) of above-mentioned bearing, contain the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) of Ti element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
Also contain Mn0.04-0.6% in the composition composition (weight percentage) of above-mentioned bearing, contain the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) of Mn element in the mixture that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
The oil content of above-mentioned bearing is 20-25% (volume).Its preferred version is that the oil content of above-mentioned bearing is 21-23% (volume).
The powder of the above-mentioned Cu of containing element and the powder of the above-mentioned Zn of containing element are the brass powder in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed, and above-mentioned brass powder is 24-54% (weight), and above-mentioned brass powder (weight percentage) contains Cu80-87%, Zn13-20%.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing provided by the invention, this method follow these steps to carry out:
A, mixing will fully mix according to the powder 20-45% (weight) that contains the Cu element, the powder 4-9% (weight), the La that contain the Zn element or Ce element powders 0.2-2% (weight), all the other compositions for the such proportioning composition of the powder of Fe and unavoidable impurities, perhaps, above-mentioned composition being carried out low temperature diffusion handles;
B, press-powder are shaped the powder after above-mentioned mixing or the low temperature diffusion are placed the mould press forming, are pressed into pressed compact, and pressure is 200-500Mpa, and pressed density is 5.7-6.0g/cm
3
C, sintering with the pressed compact of above-mentioned press forming at N
2And H
2In the reducing atmosphere, the presintering heating was warmed up to 400-600 ℃ through 0.5-2 hour gradually, and main again sintering is heated to 800-850 ℃, and constant temperature 0.5-2 hour, lowering the temperature gradually through 1-2 hour then was cooled to normal temperature, sinters alloy sintered compact into;
D, shaping is suppressed shaping with above-mentioned sintering body with pressing mold becomes the shape with regulation, the density of regulation and the casting die of given size precision.
E, immersion oil are handled above-mentioned casting die are carried out the immersion oil processing, make oil-impregnated bearing.
The powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) that contains the Ti element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
The powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) that contains the Mn element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention adopts rare earth as active catalyst, make the Fe-Cu alloy powder under low-temperature condition, be more prone to combination, through mixing or the low temperature diffusion process treating, alloy is more evenly distributed, rare earth helps alloy refinement crystal grain simultaneously, the sintering body surface is spongy tiny through hole, make sintering body inside and outside pore communication reach more than 95%, during service firing, the automatic sucking-off of lubricant oil forms oil film, high lubricating effect, in addition behind the sintering, the axis hole outer surface of this bearing has the smooth self-lubricating metal film of one deck, and running shaft surface friction drag when the running of bearing bore diameter surface is reduced, and reduces mechanical sliding noise, and reach antirust, anti-oxidant requirement, the working life of prolongation bearing.The every mechanical performance parameter of this bearing all is better than the oil-impregnated bearing technical standard of 6-6-3 bronze powder sintering.This bearing adopts iron powder instead of part copper powder, and the price of iron powder only is the price 15-20% of copper, and the zinc price only is tin price 20%, reduces manufacture cost significantly.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing process flow diagram of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the plotted curve that shows an example of sintering body temperature variation in the sintering circuit;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure on powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention surface.
Referring to Fig. 1-3 explanation embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the manufacturing process stream of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention Journey figure; Fig. 2 is the curve map of sintered body variations in temperature one example in the sintering circuit, when transverse axis represents Between, the longitudinal axis represents the temperature of sintered body.
Sintering processes does not make all fully meltings of material powder become alloy, and sintering processes is The temperature of formed body below the fusing point of essential element of the powder press molding of metal or alloy advanced Row heat treatment utilizes the admittedly molten phenomenon in conjunction with producing between powder to sinter into.
Powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention is as sintered metal bearing Material, in the powder that contains Fe, Cu, Zn, Ti, Mn, add again rare earth powder, with this A little powder form composition by certain proportioning, it are mixed or the low temperature diffusion processing system Get uniform spongy alloy powder, with resulting mixture compressing be pressed compact, exist again Be sintered into sintered body under the defined terms, use and make the sintering with excellent mechanical properties and contain Oil bearing.
The technical scheme of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing provided by the invention is, The composition composition (percentage by weight) of this bearing contains Cu20-45%, Zn4-9%, La or Ce0.2-2%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity, and adopts following method preparation: it is To contain the Cu element powder 20-45% (weight), contain the Zn element powder 4-9% (weight), The powder 0.2-2% (weight) of La or Ce element, all the other are for Fe and inevitable impurity The composition that the such proportioning of powder forms through mix, compressing, sintering, shaping, immersion oil The bearing that processing is made.
The composition of above-mentioned bearing forms in (percentage by weight) and also contains Ti0.04-0.6%, on State the powder 0.05-that contains in addition the Ti element in the composition that the such proportioning of powder forms 0.61% (weight).
The composition of above-mentioned bearing forms in (percentage by weight) and also contains Mn0.04-0.6%, on State the powder 0.05-that contains in addition the Mn element in the composition that the such proportioning of powder forms 0.61% (weight).
The powder of the above-mentioned Cu of containing element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder forms, contain The powder of Zn element is brass powder, and above-mentioned brass powder is 24-54% (weight). Above-mentioned Huang Each element of copper powders may (percentage by weight) content is Cu80-87%, Zn13-20%.
The method of making above-mentioned powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing is that the method is pressed The following step carries out: it is fully to mix according to the powder 20-45% (weight) that contains the Cu element, the powder 4-9% (weight), the La that contain the Zn element or Ce element powders 0.2-2% (weight), all the other compositions for the such proportioning composition of the powder of Fe and inevitable impurity, perhaps Above-mentioned composition is carried out low temperature diffusion to be processed; Powder after above-mentioned mixing or the low temperature diffusion is put Compressing in mould, be pressed into pressed compact, pressure is 200-500MPa; Pressed density is 5.7-6.0g/cm3 With above-mentioned compressing pressed compact at N2And H2In the reducing atmosphere, gradually pre-burning The knot heating was warmed up to 400-600 ℃ through 0.5-2 hour,, main sintering is heated to 800-850 again ℃, constant temperature 0.5-2 hour, then through 1-2 hour gradually cooling down sinter into to normal temperature Alloy sintered compact; Above-mentioned sintered body suppressed with pressing mold be shaped to the pressure with regulation shape Part; Last above-mentioned casting die carries out immersion oil to be processed, and namely makes oiliness bearing.
The oil content of above-mentioned oiliness bearing is 20-25% (volume). Best oil content is 21-23% (volume).
Embodiment
Below the mode of execution of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention and manufacture method thereof is described.
Illustrated in figures 1 and 2.
In mixed processes A, proportioning is in accordance with regulations formed and grouping cooperates material powder, then all various raw materials is made abundant mixing or is treated to uniform mixture through low temperature diffusion.
Table 1 is listed the proportioning composition of the composition when making oil-impregnated bearing, wherein: P1, P2 ... P8 represents the various proportionings compositions of mixture of the present invention; Q1, Q2 ... being expressed as the 6-6-3 bronze powder forms.
Table 1
In mixed processes A, press the composition cooperation material powder that the proportioning shown in the table 1 is formed, in above-mentioned powder, add tackiness agent, tackiness agent is the temporary transient oiling agent that adds, and its volatilization point is low, in the sintering incipient stage, can be volatilized fall, its addition is 1% (weight) that is not more than said mixture;
In suppression process B, said mixture is put into mould, the shape press forming forms pressed compact in accordance with regulations, and pressure is 200-500Mpa, and pressed density is 5.7-6.0g/cm
3
In sintering circuit C, above-mentioned pressed compact is sent into the mesh belt type continuous fritting furnace, be filled with N in the sintering furnace
2And H
2Reducing atmosphere, carry out presintering and heat gradually,, be heated to 400-600 ℃ through 0.5-2 hour, the pressed compact that is sintered is at the uniform velocity mobile on the guipure of sintering furnace, in the initial stage of sintering process, tackiness agent volatilizees gradually, after entering main sintering again and reaching sintering temperature 800-850 ℃ of temperature of design, constant temperature 0.5-2 hour, lowering the temperature gradually through 1-2 hour then is cooled to normal temperature, up to coming out of the stove, makes alloy sintered compact;
In trimming D, above-mentioned sintering body is placed on carries out shaping in the pressing mold, above-mentioned sintering body is become shape, the density of regulation and the casting die of given size with regulation;
In immersion oil treating process E, after above-mentioned casting die cleaned, be immersed in the lubricant oil, under vacuum state, heat immersion oil and handle, thus, finish the sintering body after immersion oil is handled, its oil content is 20-25% (volume), promptly makes powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing.
Below the measurement result of the oil content of oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention and 6-6-3 bell metal oil-impregnated bearing, radial crushing strength, hardness is listed in table 2:
Table 2
From shown in the table 2, the technical parameter of oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention is better than the technical parameter of 6-6-3 bell metal oil-impregnated bearing.
In general, when the bearing oil content was lower than 18% (volume), sintered metal bearing had sufficient radial crushing strength, but oil content is few.During use, lubricant oil easily exhausts, the lifetime of sintered metal bearing.On the other hand, generally speaking, when the bearing oil content was higher than 25% (volume), the sintered metal bearing oil content was abundant, but its radial crushing strength is little, during use, and the easy to wear or distortion of oil-impregnated bearing.
Therefore, when the oil content of sintered metal bearing is chosen in 20-25% (volume), just have both suitable oil content and radial crushing strength.So, bearing oil content of the present invention is 20-25% (volume), its preferred oil content is 21-23% (volume), and oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention and 6-6-3 bronze oil-impregnated bearing is higher than the oil content of 6-6-3 bronze oil-impregnated bearing having oil-impregnated bearing oil content of the present invention under the same radial crushing strength condition.
Powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing metal surface metallographic structure figure of the present invention shown in Figure 3.
From rare earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing P4 of the present invention surface metallographic structure figure shown in Figure 3, can observe wherein part copper and alloy thereof and be fused to admittedly in the grey matrix, another part Cuprum alloy is pale red free state mutually 33.Matrix is ferrite and thinner pearlite 34, and a small amount of slag inclusion such as Ce are that blue grey is gathered among the matrix 32, because alloying constituent is more, attitude is compared complexity, small-amount free impurity that distributed (black stratiform) and hole 31.Hole 31 in the metal structure is oilholes of soaking by lubricating oil.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing, it is characterized in that: the composition of above-mentioned bearing is formed (weight percentage) and is contained Cu20-45%, Zn4-9%, La or Ce0.2-2%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities, and adopt following method preparation: it is to contain the powder 20-45% (weight) of Cu element, the powder 4-9% (weight) that contains the Zn element, the powder 0.2-2% (weight) of La or Ce element, all the other are that the composition formed of the such proportioning of the powder of Fe and unavoidable impurities is through mixing, press forming, sintering, shaping, immersion oil is handled the bearing of making.
2, powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also contain Ti0.04-0.6% in the composition composition (weight percentage) of above-mentioned bearing, contain the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) of Ti element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
3, powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: also contain Mn0.04-0.6% in the composition composition (weight percentage) of above-mentioned bearing, contain the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) of Mn element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
4, powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the oil content of above-mentioned bearing is 20-25% (volume).
5, powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the oil content of above-mentioned bearing is 21-23% (volume).
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass alloy oil-impregnated bearings, it is characterized in that: the powder of the above-mentioned Cu of containing element is the brass powder with the powder that contains the Sn element, and above-mentioned brass powder is 24-54% (weight).Above-mentioned brass powder (weight percentage) contains Cu80-87%, Zn13-20%.
7, a kind of method of making the described powder metallurgy rare-earth iron brass of claim 1 alloy oil-impregnated bearing, it is characterized in that: this method follows these steps to carry out:
A, mix and fully to mix according to the powder 20-45% (weight) that contains the Cu element, the powder 4-9% (weight), the La that contain the Zn element or Ce element powders 0.2-2% (weight), all the other compositions for the such proportioning composition of Fe and inevitable powder, perhaps, above-mentioned composition being carried out low temperature diffusion handles;
B, press-powder are shaped the powder after above-mentioned mixing or the low temperature diffusion are placed the mould press forming, are pressed into pressed compact, and pressure is 200-500Mpa, and pressed density is 5.7-6.0g/cm
3
C, sintering with the pressed compact of above-mentioned press forming at N
2And H
2In the reducing atmosphere, the presintering heating was warmed up to 400-600 ℃ through 0.5-2 hour gradually, and main again sintering is heated to 800-850 ℃, and constant temperature 0.5-2 hour, lowering the temperature gradually through 1-2 hour then was cooled to normal temperature, sinters alloy sintered compact into;
D, shaping are suppressed shaping with above-mentioned sintering body with pressing mold, make the casting die of the density and the given size precision of its shape with regulation, regulation;
E, immersion oil are handled above-mentioned casting die are carried out the immersion oil processing.
8, manufacture method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) that contains the Ti element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
9, manufacture method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the powder 0.05-0.61% (weight) that contains the Mn element in the composition that the such proportioning of above-mentioned powder is formed in addition.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00125035 CN1107816C (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2000-09-05 | Powder metallurgy, rare-earth, iron and brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing and its mfg. method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00125035 CN1107816C (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2000-09-05 | Powder metallurgy, rare-earth, iron and brass alloy oil-impregnated bearing and its mfg. method |
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| CN1288114A true CN1288114A (en) | 2001-03-21 |
| CN1107816C CN1107816C (en) | 2003-05-07 |
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| CN101624667B (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-09-28 | 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 | Sintered leadless free-cutting brass and preparation method thereof |
| CN103521757A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 东南大学 | Powder metallurgy iron copper-based oiliness antifriction material containing rare earth oxides and preparing method |
| CN105149593A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏鹰球集团有限公司 | Petrol pump motor oil bearing manufacturing method based on powder metallurgy |
| WO2016206259A1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ultra-low-noise long-service-life oil-retaining bearing in powder metallurgy |
| CN107175334A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-19 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of high-strength powder metallurgical brass base shaft coupling |
| CN108127111A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-08 | 瑞安市钰易来汽摩零部件有限公司 | A kind of sintered metal bearing and its manufacture craft |
| CN108431436A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-08-21 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Sintered metal bearing and its manufacturing method |
| CN115287550A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-04 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | High-wear-resistance and high-precision combined material hollow oil-retaining bearing and preparation method thereof |
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- 2000-09-05 CN CN 00125035 patent/CN1107816C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101624667B (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-09-28 | 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 | Sintered leadless free-cutting brass and preparation method thereof |
| CN103521757A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 东南大学 | Powder metallurgy iron copper-based oiliness antifriction material containing rare earth oxides and preparing method |
| CN103521757B (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-10-28 | 东南大学 | Containing powder metallurgy iron copper base oil-containing antifriction material and the preparation method of rare earth oxide |
| CN105149593A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏鹰球集团有限公司 | Petrol pump motor oil bearing manufacturing method based on powder metallurgy |
| WO2016206259A1 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-29 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ultra-low-noise long-service-life oil-retaining bearing in powder metallurgy |
| CN108431436A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-08-21 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Sintered metal bearing and its manufacturing method |
| CN108431436B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2019-11-08 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Sintered metal bearing and its manufacturing method |
| CN107175334A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-19 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of high-strength powder metallurgical brass base shaft coupling |
| WO2018209832A1 (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-11-22 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-strength brass-based coupling by means of powder metallurgy |
| CN108127111A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-08 | 瑞安市钰易来汽摩零部件有限公司 | A kind of sintered metal bearing and its manufacture craft |
| CN115287550A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-04 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | High-wear-resistance and high-precision combined material hollow oil-retaining bearing and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN1107816C (en) | 2003-05-07 |
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