CN1285042A - Electrical parameter monitoring system - Google Patents
Electrical parameter monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1285042A CN1285042A CN98813260A CN98813260A CN1285042A CN 1285042 A CN1285042 A CN 1285042A CN 98813260 A CN98813260 A CN 98813260A CN 98813260 A CN98813260 A CN 98813260A CN 1285042 A CN1285042 A CN 1285042A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
A monitoring system for monitoring parameters of an apparatus, comprising a plurality of inputs for receiving a plurality of electrical analog signals representative of parameters of the apparatus, a multiplexing circuit for multiplexing the analog signals into sequential analog input signals, an auto-ranging circuit for individually scaling each of the sequential analog input signals to within a predetermined range suitable for digital processing thereof, a signal converter for converting the scaled sequential analog input signals into respective digital signals, and digital processing system for storing and/or manipulating the digital signals.
Description
The present invention relates to a system that is used to monitor every electrical quantity.Of the present invention one concrete use belong to monitoring based on battery or other the field of various performance parameters of power-supply system.
Carry out in the system of work in many electricity consumptions, the integrality of power supply is crucial to reliable computing, and this can comprise the integrality of a back-up source, and above-mentioned back-up source in fact just is used by accident.An example is exactly a telecommunication exchange device, and this device is obtained electric power usually from a primary power connector, but also has a backup power system based on battery, so that when primary power breaks down, can guarantee that switch works on.Power-supply system based on battery only is used by accident, yet, because the outage of primary power is normally unpredictable, just become crucial thing so allow telecommunication equipment be in a kind of state that does not interrupt electric power supply at any time continuously.Correspondingly, developed various forms of proving installations in order to being evaluated at the state of each battery in the backup power system, and in Australian Patent No.688298 number instructions, just described the proving installation of this form.Typically, such proving installation has been designed to portable, is carried to another infield so that be suitable for the maintenance personal from an infield, is intended to test termly each battery in the infield.
The another kind of scheme of battery integrality that guarantees relates to the continuous on-line monitoring.Commercially available battery monitoring system typically relates to the comprehensive supervision by means of a large amount of batteries of the recording unit of centralization.On feature, these systems all are expensive, and need one the 2nd grade or supporting platform usually, are used to store, handle and understand collected data.
The present invention aims to provide a kind of monitoring system, and it is flexibly on using, and enough simple, makes it to realize and operation so that quite low one-tenth is original.Though preferred embodiment described herein is that about the explanation of the present invention, people will understand that this monitoring system can not only be applied to various power-supply systems based on battery from following at based on the power-supply system of battery.Really, as long as can produce the electric signal of various simulations so that be input to this monitoring system, so, monitoring system of the present invention just is not limited to various power-supply systems, perhaps, in fact, can also monitor various electric devices.
According to the present invention, a kind of monitoring system of the parameters that is used to monitor a part device is provided, comprising:
A plurality of input ends are used to receive the multiple analog electrical signal of the parameters of the described device of representative;
A multiplex electronics is used for described each simulating signal is multiplexed as each analog input signal in proper order;
An auto range circuit is used for individually each analog input signal of described order being demarcated being suitable for carrying out within the predetermined range of digital processing;
A signal converter, each analog input signal that is used for the order of will demarcate is converted to each digital signal separately; And
Digital processing unit is used for storage and/or manages described each digital signal.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used to monitor the parameters of a part device, comprises following all steps:
Receive the multiple analog electrical signal of the parameters of the described device of representative;
Described each simulating signal is multiplexed as each analog input signal of order;
Each analog input signal of described order demarcated be suitable for carrying out within the predetermined range of digital processing;
Use the conversion of signals apparatus, each analog input signal of the order of having demarcated is converted to separately each digital signal; And
Use digital processing unit to store and/or manage described each digital signal.
The present invention also provides a monitoring system, comprising:
An input media is in order to receive the electric signal input of at least one road;
A data harvester, in order to obtain each the 1st value data, this numerical value is being represented at least one road signal input of repeatedly sampling in one the 1st time interval.
One the 1st memory storage is in order to store described each the 1st value data;
One the 1st equilibration device, in order to producing each the 2nd value data, this numerical value is being represented each mean value of described each the 1st value data in one the 2nd time interval; And
One the 2nd memory storage is in order to store described each the 2nd value data.
The present invention also provides a monitor, is used to monitor a battery, comprising:
Battery impedance (measurement) device is used for producing according to predetermined sampling interval each time impedance measurement (result) of sampling of the impedance of described at least one battery; And
Memory storage, each numeral that is used for time impedance measurement of described each of having sampled deposits among a plurality of memory storages, each memory storage is adjusted like this, makes it to be stored in different time each (numeral) expression of interior described each of having sampled the time impedance measurement (result) that produces at interval separately.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used to monitor a plurality of batteries or battery unit, comprising:
Preset time at interval in, the impedance of repeatedly measuring in described a plurality of battery or the battery unit each;
Write down each numeral of each measured impedance; And
Use described each numeral to determine that each the impedance in a plurality of batteries or the battery unit measures a kind of of time diffusion.
Advantageously, all embodiment of the present invention can be online or " live ground " measure each impedances of (can carry out impedance measurement) all other each battery units or other various each parts to it.
Hereinafter, only by means of example, and with reference to one of them preferred embodiment, diagram in addition in all accompanying drawings, so that the present invention is described in more details, in all accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and in this article, the foregoing description is called as an intelligent monitor system or IMS;
Fig. 2 to Figure 12 is all circuit diagrams of each parts that constitute the interconnection of this IMS;
Figure 13 is a block scheme, illustrates according to a kind of input sample design of a kind of form of the present invention to arrange;
Figure 14 is a process flow diagram of sampling process;
Figure 15 is a block scheme, and a storage system according to a kind of form of the present invention is described;
Figure 16 is a block scheme of the variety of event writing function of IMS;
Figure 17 is a block scheme of main each unit of functional software;
Figure 18 is a block scheme, and the input Processing Structure that IMS is total is described.
Designed a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be called as an intelligent monitor system (IMS) in this article, mainly be used for the continuous monitoring of an electric power system (the backup power system that for example is used for communication switchboard and so on) based on battery.The integrality of battery is vital to the back-up source function.Real-time continuous monitoring is considered to improve the part of the approach of battery system reliability, especially for the device that uses VRLA (VRLA) battery technology.All the more so.The integrated growth of having facilitated the usefulness of online monitoring system of the new technology such as element cell and battery impedance or conductance measurement, and help to eliminate the artificial impedance measurement that is accompanied by online backup battery and many problems of bringing.
To the main influence of battery detection functions of the equipments from consideration to the production efficiency of maintenance job.The benefit that is captured in the incident that occurs under the unmanned condition by continuous monitoring is conspicuous.The ability of tracker performance is useful in common various line faults, inconvenience and the various risk that can also avoid conventional discharge test to bring.
Yet, guide the possibility of maintenance action correction property or initiative still not obvious by various monitors.For example, in the solar powered network of the usefulness in a distant place, the fast processing of carrying out battery recharge in the emergency maintenance action can cause a low-voltage to be reported to the police.The reason of low battery capacity may be unconspicuous, and this can cause maintenance expensive, that repeat usually.If have the up-to-date history of power-supply system various performance parameters in the hand, to help to determine to cause the reason of undercharge state, then reactive maintenance will become more effective.
This intelligent monitor system or IMS are characterised in that: reach a kind of " intelligence " balance between data aggregation and storage activities (log record) and system state assessment (monitoring).Each task can combine with specific, existing maintenance action (perhaps wherein not having).This notion is applicable to the power-supply system monitor well, and is not only battery monitor.Also have, IMS is independent of centralization or the local state of the commercially available battery data collection activity that various battery monitoring system brought.
The preferred form of IMS causes software extremely not rely on hardware.In other words, the software of executing the task is object with the function, and can easily run on other hardware.Owing to inflexible connection the between working software and the physical hardware, make many commercially available battery monitoring systems lose some function, an important achievement of the present invention that Here it is.Should consider the parameters that needs monitoring in order to obtain in the trial a kind of cheapness, that " general " battery and power monitoring system are done.In a battery monitoring system, what is measured? how to measure? why to measure? such difficult problem typically is misinterpreted as hardware design and selection.Yet, by at first recognizing,, there is not real battery fuel standard for the maintenance of awaiting orders, next recognizes that the physical parameters measurement of most conventional was exactly historical originally, just can be beneficial.From the viewpoint of reality, the technology of latest report shows that people have reason to expect, occur a kind of standard of measuring the method preferably of critical battery " health status " in the future.Therefore, the thing followed is, a kind of battery monitoring system newly developed is preferably showing dirigibility aspect the variation of the collection of adaptation parameter collection and utilization,
IMS imports Data Acquisition Design based on a kind of general voltage, and does not limit the type of input parameter.Certainly, to these two still restriction to some extent of physical magnitude of the dynamic range of being presented in the voltage on the analog input multiplexer hardware and available each analog channel, but these restrictions do not need to influence the task function of actual software.In a telecommunications network, each electric battery in each network switch is typically based on a kind of configuration of traditional 24 * 2V unit.And therefore this may be formed for a kind of driving standard of dynamic range and input channel numerical limitations., for example use or, can solve more under the situation of multiple input path at needs by using more than one IMS for a plurality of batteries in parallel connection groups for UPS.The main cost of a battery monitoring system usually is the analog input Acquisition Circuit, and does not lie in the various digital circuits of support.The multiple devices of utilization and operation same software more can reduce cost than having multiple input structure (to adapt to different battery installation situation) and make corresponding change on software.
In IMS as herein described, thought importantly by the professional person, purpose for the operation of monitoring IMS, because the input voltage range is independent of the voltage that power supply provided to IMS, as long as this voltage is less than the maximum voltage ratings of input circuit, then how the voltage that is presented in any one tunnel analog input is inessential.
A kind of attractive feature of IMS is exactly mainly to carry out the writing function of local event by Control Software.Figure 16 is illustrated in the dissimilar variety of event record level that is realized among the preferred IMS.On practical meaning, the historical level of trend tracker and each battery relates to continuous log record activity, discharge log record device and except the situation logger then relate to various at random and uncertain real-time events.
Each event type can be directly or is in relation to the input of one or more reality indirectly.As an example, Figure 17 represents the 3 kinds of different windows how acquisition trend is followed the tracks of in IMS on the meaning of function.Can obtain short-term, medium and long term data at any time in order to all parameters of descriptive system and any derived information.Following table 1 has been listed the typical time span that is used for these trend window.For example, concerning with relevant any and all the defined inputs of short-term trend, can obtain 8 hours the up-to-date reduced data according to time sequencing in this locality, temporal resolution can reach 5 minutes.Similarly, intermediate trend contains nearest 8 days history (data), and resolution reaches 1 hour.Secular trend provide nearest 30 days trend.At last, trend data is optionally filtered, and enters battery historical log device.Battery history is the robotization of the artificial battery measurement program of existing regulation, so just can be described to by " electronic cell handbook ".The battery historical data is protected, forms a performance inventory this locality, electronics, nonvolatil that runs through the entire cell service life thus.
| The trend tracker | The t sampling rate | The T trend window | The n number of samples |
| Short- | 5 | 8 hours | ????96 |
| Mid-term | 1 | 8 days | ????196 |
| For a | 24 | 30 days | ????30 |
| | 30 days | Do not limit | Do not limit |
[table 1: all lengths of typical trend window]
In preferred IMS, the trend tracker comprises circular reservoir designs, and therefore only can obtain up-to-date trend data in this locality.With regard to table 1, with respect to the life-span of battery, the sample of storing 5 minutes is irrational and unnecessary.From the viewpoint of operation, newer historical information is the most relevant.IMS is connected to a distant place device, and by taking out data with sampling rate more frequently, this just provides a kind of more method of the superset of high time resolution of setting up.
The surprising achievement of this scheme is exactly the expense of low relatively local storage.For 24 element cell devices of typical use 30 heavenly calendar Records of the Historians record, can be only with the RAM of 64kB and each operation year to realize IMS less than 20% expense.So low storage requirement has reduced cost, has limited physical size, and realizes useful local function under the condition of the data acquisition that does not need centralization.
Table 2 has provided general requirements and the feature of the special embodiment of IMS, and table 3 has been listed some typical input parameter and distributed.Preferred device has a kind of voltage input structure of 32 passages, and this structure derives from the model to 24 * 2V cellular construction of the 48V battery apparatus of standard.The electric battery of other types except the UPS device, can be modeled as a subclass of 24 cell cases.In general, the UPS device need be monitored more parameter, but can adapt to this point with some integral multiple of 24 or 32 usually.Each input channel all has high common mode voltage carrying capacity (being common-mode rejection ratio) and automatic range function, and this has just guaranteed not have the difference on the function between all unit of 2V and 6V or all monolithics of 12V.
| Classification | Explanation |
| Simulation part input range scaling factor A/ | 13 of 32 differential path ± 160V (2000V dielectric voltage withstand) automatic ranges, 100 microseconds, SAR ADC |
| The remote access of numerical portion RAM ROM user interface | The RS 232 (9 pin) that the non-volatile 128K UVEPROM of 68HC11 serial 8 bit CPU 32K-128K (safety) 2 line LCD and keyboard are isolated |
| Powered operation scope power consumption | Power ± 8V-± 100V average about 1-2 watt of full isolation voluntarily by monitored battery |
| Physical arrangement size input connector | The general 68 line Small-sized C entronics edge connectoies of 104 (wide) * 50 (height) * 270 (length) mm |
[table 2: the hardware specification of some IMS]
IMS self-power supply and have low-down power consumption from cell apparatus to be measured.The data of being gathered are protected in storer.All cell arrangement are all used a kind of standardized, input connector of " general ".Come the directly conduction integrality between the measuring unit by means of two leads in a kind of each unit or monolithic connectivity scenario.IMS can use a kind of single-frequency or multi-frequency impedance to measure as a core set in battery and the power-supply system parameter set.Can be based in a single-frequency (with the frequently) time trend of measured impedance down, perhaps, provide the battery health condition information based on the variation of the ratio of the impedance that under two different frequencies, records.The various selections of configuration realize therefore, not having the switching or the setting of hardware with software, avoided the demand of on-the-spot adjustment and the possibility of incorrect configuration thus.
The control of IMS " software formation " is based on a kind of " owner-user " model, and wherein " owner " and " user " is responsible for the different aspect of IMS configuration and operation function respectively.Various software functions can be configured this system by " owner " as a kind of RBES, to adapt to the application that specific I MS plan is carried out.For example, because IMS is built as a kind of " general " monitoring device,, before installation, must specify some physical relationship so the input of a lot of physics does not provide definition as yet during fabrication.
The grade that the formation of software allows IMS to remove the identification variety of event, these incidents relate to the physical state (for example, in battery and power supply monitoring, guard system is not in charging, discharge or standby (floating charge) state) of the system that is monitored by IMS.In the life cycle of device, by the appearance of an incident of IMS record (from a kind of state-transition to another kind of state).This point is very important when the state of situation except may occurring is analyzed, and the statistics about system's operation also is provided, and then writes down less than such statistics in current practice or when using the battery monitor of traditional type.Collected information is used for setting up a width of cloth picture about this system health situation by the expert system rule handbook in the process of an incident.For example, in a charging incident, if duration of charging of one or more unit long unreasonable, then to be indicated as health status bad in those unit, and need be noted.
This formation allows IMS is conceptualized as the general function element that can finish cataloged procedure.This IMS constitutes the most general characteristic that allows to keep a particular task or process on the higher level of software.The IMS function that is exclusively used in power supply and battery detection scheme derives from user-defined adaptation to general formation.In this respect, IMS software is at specific hardware, and can use the various hardware units that are different from the hardware that this paper narrates.The specific coding of setting up the interface between IMS hardware and the IMS software appears at each low layer, and does not relate to high-rise process.
The software of IMS constitutes 7 kinds of basic elements of character, and the form with block scheme is represented in Figure 19.Be briefly described the purposes of each basic element of character below.
| The basic element of character | Explanation |
| Configuration and safety (CS) | This process allows the owner to define the operation function of IMS.Also only enter birth (initialization) process by configuration module via serial port.Birth process is that sequencer generates the main task table.The owner-user security monitor is positioned among these parts.These parts also reconfigure process and are guided waking (after the power cut-off incident) process or the owner up.Before main sequencer is sent in control information, in layoutprocedure, carry out limited self check. |
| Main sequencer | This is the advanced processes engine, and it carries out poll to task list.Task list derives from arrangement components.This process makes up and sends time-based request at the activity of one or more basic critical pieces. |
| User interface (UI) | The reciprocation of these all user interfaces of component management and data transmission.This comprises whole keyboards and liquid crystal display process and via whole digital communications of serial port. |
| Analyze (expert system) engine (AE) | This process is a senior background task, it is according to each option that is defined by the owner when disposing, carry out all data checks, except situation test and trend estimation, in this process, also embedded the variety of event reorder function. |
| Database engine (DBE) | This is an intermediate process, and it takes out the real time data of short-term and carry out the average and statistical treatment (being defined by the owner) of the 2nd grade of data when disposing.This process is also set up the box scheme that is used for trend record. |
| User-defined authenticity interpreter (RT) | This process is taken out and is managed from the original sampling data of each input channel of reality and derives a virtual input matrix.A virtual input is combination mathematics or the time of a real physics input or the input of one or more physics.Before being sent to database, each virtual input is combined with parameters, unit and scaling factor defined by the user. |
| Analog input engine (AIE) | This is a core, or innermost process.This process is formed the input channel sampling matrix of the time that depends on and is correspondingly obtained real time data.In this process, also finish automatic range and the 1st grade of data are average. |
Figure 18 is a block scheme, and the input Processing Structure that IMS is general is described.Each road physics input in the use, each road all is connected to a node of power-supply system to be monitored (perhaps being connected to a sensor or measurement mechanism, for example temperature sensor and so on), to measure a relevant amount.In the input of each physics each all is identical, therefore can optionally be connected to each node to be monitored, Here it is connection matrix 340, and it is storing the corresponding relation between each node of physics input 302 and system to be monitored.A multiplexer matrix based on connection matrix 340 (will do more detailed narration hereinafter) in software control, so that suitable connection is provided, the potential difference (PD) between required each node of monitored system is measured.Therefore, connection matrix 340 contains the information that physics input is arbitrarily connected with the specific electrical quantities of wishing to be monitored by IMS.
The combination of each road physics input 302 of being arranged by connection matrix 340 has defined one group of measured parameter 350, and it is representing the potential difference (PD) between each node of monitored system, is perhaps representing other measurement based on voltage of the such amount of for example impedance or temperature.Made up an associated data matrix 360, it specifies a kind of corresponding relation between each measured parameter 350 and one group of virtual parameter 370.In each virtual parameter 370 each has all been included in to make monitored measurement become meaningful required any scaling factor, and each virtual parameter all follow corresponding to measured (for example volt, milliampere, ohm, or the like) measuring unit set up contact.Under the simplest situation, a virtual parameter can be directly corresponding to the input end of a pair of physics, and measured is exactly between the potential difference (PD) between them.Yet each virtual parameter is not limited to a kind of direct corresponding relation between physics input end 302 or the measured parameter 350, and incidence matrix 360 can define such virtual parameter, and they are combinations of other defined virtual parameters.For example, represent a virtual parameter of an electric power measurement in incidence matrix, can be defined as representing the product of one the 1st virtual parameter of primary voltage measurement with one the 2nd virtual parameter representing once corresponding current measurement.
In case each virtual parameter is established, monitored all numerical value is just sampled according to the selected time interval, and is stored among the data storer 380.Sampling rate needn't be identical with memory rate.Hereinafter, the structure of employed data-carrier store and storing process will be described in detail.
| The input associated item |
| The ampere-hour that the temperature of each point has consumed in each voltage of the voltage of (respectively) battery pack and each voltage of impedance battery unit or monolithic and each impedance interconnector and a series of floating charge of each impedance and the load current system is counted array current input (solar battery array) |
[table 3: measured and use in IMS
The tabulation of every exemplary systems parameter]
Figure 1 illustrates a functional block scheme of the preferred embodiment of IMS2.IMS2 usually comprises 200, one analog processing circuits 300 of 100, one power circuits of a digital processing circuit, and an impedance measuring circuit 400.Illustrated IMS2 is suitable for monitoring a battery backup power-supply system, and is for example employed in a telecommunication exchange or suchlike equipment, and the purposes of impedance measuring circuit 400 is the impedance measurements that are used for lead-sour battery.Correspondingly, though in other of IMS are used, other impedance measurement may be favourable, in a monitoring system of not using lead-sour battery, can not need impedance measuring circuit 400.
Provide a plurality of analog voltage inputs 303 by means of the I/O connector 302 of a simulation to IMS2 from monitored device.Analog voltage input 303 leads to an input multiplexer matrix 40 of analog processing circuit 300 from analog input/out connector 302.Each signal of selecting from input multiplexer 40 is sent to an input gain and attenuation grade 44, and the latter provides the automatic range function.Each signal is sent to an analog digital switching stage 64 from input gain and attenuation grade 44, and each signal is converted into each numeral therein, so that handled by digital processing circuit 100.
Digital processing circuit 100 comprises a general CPU (central processing unit), and it has, and for example, a microprocessor is taked the storer of RAM and/or ROM form, and the input/output interface device, for example keyboard and LCD (LCD).Digital processing element 100 also comprises the port of digital interface, makes it receive each digital signal from analog processing circuit 300, and sends each control signal to impedance measuring circuit 400 and analog processing circuit 300.Also provide a serial port (not shown), so that carry out digital communication with the circuit of IMS2 outside.
As mentioned above, provide impedance measuring circuit 400, in order to measure, for example, the impedance of each battery in monitored power-supply system.Impedance measuring circuit is running like this: via an I/O connector 402, exchange by injecting to battery to be measured, and the voltage on it is carried out synchronous detection.Impedance measuring circuit 400 can comprise a system, and for example, the type described in the instructions of No. the 688298th, Australian Patent, its disclosed content are as a reference by income this paper.Certainly, also can use various other impedance measurement technique flexiblely.
Fig. 2 to Figure 12 constitutes the circuit diagram of a kind of component-level of IMS2.Briefly, Fig. 2 to 5 and 12 comprises all circuit diagrams of representing digital processing circuit 100, Fig. 6 and 7 expression analog processing circuits 300, and Fig. 8 represents Switching Power Supply 200, and Fig. 9,10 and 11 represents impedance measuring circuits 400.
At first referring to Fig. 2 to 5 and 12, the form of illustrated digital processing circuit 100 comprises a single chip microcontroller 10, and it is connected to a programmable external unit 12.By means of address and data bus, in a usual manner microcontroller 10 and programmable external unit 12 are linked together.Programmable external unit 12 is located the decoding interface line that provides additional at mouth A (being expressed as PA0 to PA7) and mouthful B (being expressed as PB0 to PB7), in order to control analog processing circuit 300 and impedance measuring circuit 400, and other parts of digital processing circuit itself.Memory circuitry 14 is connected to address and data bus and from each control line of programmable external unit 12, and comprises a 1Mbit RAM (128k byte) with intelligence guard DS1216D in this example (Fig. 3).A liquid crystal display I/O port 16 also is connected to data bus and control bus, so that set up interface with a liquid crystal indicator, a keycoder 18 couples together the keyboard 20 of data bus with a conventionally form.
Referring to Fig. 5, the address bus 11 of below provides as the input of leading to a gate array logic circuit (GAL) 30, GAL 30 is sent to many control lines with each address decoded results, in order to control analog processing circuit 300, GAL 30 also provides a clock input to gate array logic circuit 32, gate array logic circuit 32 receives signal from data bus 13 as the input that is used to decode, and is sent to control line RD0 to RD7.The output of GAL 30 also provides clock signal to 8 latchs 34, and this 8 bit data latch latchs input in separately driving transistor 36 with data bus 13, and the latter drives each control line RS0 to RS7.Each control line RD0 constitutes each control line of input multiplexer matrix 40 to RS7 to RD7 and RS0.This will be illustrated hereinafter.
The logical and latch cicuit of digital processing circuit 100 is connected to a multiplexer matrix array 40 (Fig. 6) to RD7 and RS0 to RS7 (Fig. 5) by all control line RD0, and the latter forms a plurality of light-MOS relay 42.By means of analog input/out connector 302, provide the input of 64V voltage from monitored device to IMS, and each aanalogvoltage input is connected to light-MOS relay 42 separately.Each light-MOS relay is arranged among the matrix configuration, and is controlled to RD7 to RD7 and RS0 by above-mentioned all control line RD0, so that 64 aanalogvoltage incoming lines are multiplexed as 2 aanalogvoltage output lines (A and B).From MUX array 40 respectively simulate output line A, B is connected to the additional multiplex electronics 45 of taking each light-MOS relay 46,48 and 50 forms, as shown in Figure 7.Multiplex electronics 45 is controlled by the control line V/Z from digital processing circuit 100, and allow to be used for the self-impedance metering circuit respectively import B
0, B
i, A
0And A
iMultiplexed together with each pressure-wire A, B.respectively export A ', B ' from MUX circuit 45 are applied to across each resistance in series R12, R13, and R14, R15, R16, R17, the two ends of R18 and R19, the latter forms a voltage divider 52.The output of voltage divider 52 is connected to another multiplex electronics 54 that contains each light-MOS relay 56,58, and each the control line ATT0 that is provided by GAL circuit 30 (Fig. 5) controls multiplex electronics 54 to ATT3.Voltage divider 52 and MUX circuit 54 provide the automatic range function of analog processing circuit 300.Suitably use each control line ATT0 to make that to ATT3 an output of voltage divider 52 (Fig. 7) is selected, it is at each line HI, an output is provided on the LO, as long as input analog voltage is no more than the maximum input voltage limit value, this output just be in a scope being suitable for carrying out digital processing (for example-5V arrives+5V) within.At each line HI, the last instrument amplifier circuit 60 that is provided to a precision through the simulating signal after suitably decaying as input of LO.In the case of necessary, amplifier circuit 60 allows simulating signal is amplified, and by from GAL circuit 30 and the control line GAIN that switches by light-MOS relay 62 enlargement factor being controlled.The output of amplifier 60 is connected to an analog-digital converter circuit 64 (amplitude resolution with 12 adds bit sign data), and being used for the analog voltage signal level conversion is a kind of numeral, and the latter is in data bus 13 enterprising line outputs.The 12V reference circuit 66 of a precision provides a reference voltage input to A-D converter 64.
Wide region switching type power supply 200 is shown in Fig. 8 with the form of parts, and every details of relevant its work is omitted at this, thickens to avoid making the simplicity of doing as a whole explanation of the present invention.In brief, at V
xAnd V
yThe place provides the input power supply, carries out voltage stabilizing by Voltagre regulator 76 after rectification, so that at V
dAnd V
sThe place provides ± 5V, and at V
DdAnd V
SsThe place provides ± 12V.In 8V arrives the input voltage range of 100V, power supply 200 can both be worked, by using a pulse-length modulation (PWM) controller 72 and reference voltage diode 74 to help to realize such wide region, realize being connected between the parts 74 and 72 by means of a photo-coupler 75.The professional person is not difficult to understand fully the operational detail of switching type power supply 200 from the diagram of the circuit stages that Fig. 8 provided.
The circuit of Fig. 9,10 and 11 explanation impedance measuring circuits 400 constitutes.Fig. 9 represents a single-frequency electric current injection circuit 80.The professional person just can understand its principle of work by reading over the circuit that combines with theory as the work of the described a kind of like this battery impedance metering circuit of above-mentioned Australian patent specification.Taking it by and large, a simple signal is produced by a frequency generator 82, uses power Darlington transistor 84 to amplify, and at each line-I, the last output of+I.Each electric current injects signal-I, and+I is sent to a dry-reed relay array 116 (Figure 11), and the latter forms the part of an on-off circuit 110 of being controlled by a programmable gate array logic circuit 114.13 couples of GAL 114 drive by data bus, and make each electric current inject each battery-end that signal is optionally outputed to monitored device by out connector 115.The impedance reception and the demodulator circuit that are used for impedance measuring circuit 400 are shown in Figure 10, provide an AC-input voltage signal by each line INA and INB to it.Amplify by 92 pairs of each input signals of an instrument amplifier, and use a synchronous demodulator circuit 94 to carry out demodulation, export by a low-pass filter 96.
The result of each of carrying out time impedance measurement can be with the difference of the cable length of each node that is connected to monitored system in order to each the physics input end with IMS and difference by this way.In order to solve this difficulty, can arrange IMS with a special-purpose input channel that is connected with an accurately known resistance.By once crossing over the impedance measurement of (comprising used connection lead) of this known resistance, and measured value compared with known resistance numerical value, then this IMS Control Software just can be determined a meter constant that is used for impedance measurement, before storing, this meter constant can be counted each monitored impedance value.For example, when calculating each virtual parameter 370 (Figure 18), correction factor can be included among the incidence matrix 360, in fact, have been found that it in fact is suitable that two known impedance are provided, one of them is positioned on the switchboard, as the part of IMS circuit, and another is connected to the input circuit of IMS by means of lead, and above-mentioned lead is corresponding to being used for the longest length that each node that other are monitored is connected to IMS.By carrying out one-shot measurement to impedance on the switchboard, and another time measurement that known resistance is added lead, the IMS Control Software just can be determined a LCF for each time impedance measurement, in each time impedance measurement, consider owing to connecting the resistance that lead increases, make that more precise impedance measurement is carried out.
Figure 13 represents to be used for a block scheme of analog processing unit of the purpose of simplified illustration.64 kinds of aanalogvoltage inputs are sent to input multiplexer matrix 40 by analog input/out connector 302.MUX 40 takes the form (Fig. 6) of the matrix of each light-MOS relay 42, because they can handle approximately at controlled input end and do not puncture up to the voltage of 2000V, so above-mentioned each relay 42 is used as on-off element.And each light-MOS relay can not use the bigger power as various mechanical relays for example, and when IMS was powered by monitored device (for example battery backup power-supply system), this point was very important.16 control line RS0 also are provided to MUX array 40 as input to RS7 and RD0 to RD7.Each root among RS0-7 and the RD0-7 all is active in any given time, so that select wherein two-way from 64 tunnel analog inputs, prepares to arrive each output terminals A, B by MUX.At each selected output line A, the aanalogvoltage that provides on the B is applied to a voltage divider circuit 52, and the latter comprises a plurality of resistance (see figure 7)s that are connected in series.Each tap on voltage divider 52 provides the output of multiple voltage signal, and they have voltage amplitude separately, corresponding to some part of the potential difference (PD) between A and two output lines of B.Part voltage output separately is provided to multiplexed selection circuit 54,, selects a kind of part voltage output according to each control line ATT0 to ATT3 here.Which has the voltage level that is suitable for carrying out digital signal processing most according to come the output of selection portion component voltage.For example, if aanalogvoltage input value very big (for example 100V order of magnitude) then may selecteed part voltage output will have maximum decay, make part voltage be output as the 5V order of magnitude.On the other hand, if aanalogvoltage input value very little (the 4V order of magnitude), then selected part voltage output may be the output that does not have decay.
As mentioned above, have suitable damping capacity from the output of voltage divider 52, this is to select to ATT3 by all control line ATT0 that use multiplexer selector switch 54.All control line ATT0 are controlled by digital processing circuit 100 to ATT3, and can control according to a kind of predetermined selection criteria, and above-mentioned choice criteria is corresponding to each the active control line that leads to input multiplexer matrix 40.For example, can carry out pre-programmed to digital processing circuit, make it according to a kind of priori that is used for the selection of MUX 40 be MUX circuit 40 select each time activate all control line ATT0 to central specific one of ATT3.On the other hand, can provide a kind of feedback arrangement to digital processing circuit 100 from the output terminal of multiplexer selector switch 54, comprise at least one voltage comparator, the output of MUX is compared with a reference voltage, can provide the output that is within the suitable range with any selection of determining MUX 54, so that handle by analog-digital converter 64.In fact, have been found that following method is suitable: be under the situation of possible maximum attenuation amount beginning at voltage divider and measure each time, and reduce levels of delta attenuation continuously step by step, be within the suitable range up to the input signal of having decayed, this can judge by means of the overflow register of analog-digital converter.
Output from multiplexer selector switch 54 is sent to an amplifier stage 60, it is used to promote the signal amplitude of simulation incoming signal level, if signal amplitude is too little, then can not be converted to digital quantity well, under a kind of like this situation with input signal by a small margin, no matter it be know in advance or use an aforesaid level comparator to measure, the signal of being selected from voltage divider 52 by MUX 54 is all without decay, and a gain control signal (GAIN) is applied to amplifier 60, so that promote its output amplitude.Gain control signal is also provided by digital processing circuit 100 similarly.Under the situation that one group of signal has been decayed by voltage divider 52, can apply or not apply gain control, this depends on required actual signal amplitude.
The output terminal of amplifier 60 is connected to the input end of analog-digital converter 64, and under the situation of this preferred embodiment, it is converted to analog input 12 numeral.Switched digital signal is output to data bus 13, so that handled and/or stored by digital processing circuit 100.
Flow process Figure 150 explanation shown in Figure 14 is by the performed basic step of IMS device.The 1st step (step 152) is exactly to select one tunnel analog input from the multi-channel analog voltage input that is arranged in analog input/out connector 302.This step is undertaken by input multiplexer matrix circuit 40, and for example, can limit from 32 pairs of inputs, select wherein a pair of.Various signal sources beyond the IMS device provide various aanalogvoltage inputs, and can comprise from the different piece of power-supply system and carry out direct voltage readings, for example, follow from the other forms of voltage input of the various sensors such as temperature sensor, current sensor and combine.Though in this preferred embodiment, impedance measuring circuit 400 itself constitutes the parts of IMS, also be considered to belong to this type of from the various analog voltage signals of impedance measuring circuit 400.In case a kind of specific analog input is chosen, just must utilize an auto range circuit to adjust the scaling factor (step 154) of simulating signal.In order to make IMS can receive the dirigibility of each analog input of each signal level that is in wide region with enhancement IMS device, this is absolutely necessary.For example, in this preferred embodiment, can handle be in-160 to+160V range with each interior analog signal level.Because the wide-range of possible various analog input voltage level, and since an analog-digital converter typically only can handle and be in a littler range with interior voltage, so be necessary before being converted to numeral, adjust scaling factor according to specific selected analog input.For example, A/D converter only can be suitable for changing-5 to+5V range with interior simulating signal, and the input voltage level that exceeds this range may damage this circuit, perhaps makes output saturated at least.Though might all carry out the decay of equal extent simply to all analog input signals, make the maximum input voltage level corresponding to maximal voltage level that A/D converter presented, but those are had significantly less than each input signal of peaked each level, and this will reduce the precision of measuring sample inevitably.Because identical reason, it also may be necessary providing amplification to some analog input signal level, and above-mentioned amplifier circuit 60 is provided for this purpose.
In step 156,, just for example repeatedly this signal is being sampled in the such time slice of several milliseconds in case the scale of analog input signal level is adjusted to a suitable scope for this A/D converter (64).The actual number of the sample that is taken out depends on the length of selected time slice, and this depends on the number of the analog input of being sent to multiplex electronics 40 conversely, and wishes in order to measure the frequency of each road incoming level.For example if 32 tunnel analog inputs are arranged, and wish p.s. each road incoming signal level once to be measured, then might each sampling time fragment be set to about 30 milliseconds.The number of samples of the specific input that can take out in this time slice depends on the sampling rate of A/D converter certainly.Repeated sampling to one tunnel analog input on a time slice causes transition to rise and fall, and it is shorter than the time slice that awaits averaging on width.In order to handle these fluctuatings, in step 158, to averaging on this time slice at a plurality of samples that take out during this time slice, and (with mean value) is stored among the sampled data pond of digital processing circuit 100.Use multiplex electronics 40 to go to select next road analog input (step 160) then, before process turns back to step 154, should adjust the scaling factor of new analog input voltage level.Select as another kind, also can in the analog digital transfer process, rise and fall by using a kind of sampling-maintenance technology to mediate transition.
In above-mentioned example, once measure each road analog input level p.s., apparent, on the meaning of a monitoring system, in order to be stored in each average sample on any substantial time span, each road input, it is very big that required memory capacity will become.For example, in that scheme,, need the memory capacity of about 20 megabyte in order to store the sampled data in a week.Clearly, for requiring in the time span of calculating with year, the monitoring system of under the unmanned condition, carrying out work, this is impracticable.Correspondingly, the IMS device of this preferred embodiment is implemented a kind of " box storage " system, in order to store the analog input data of having sampled for a long time, is provided at a kind of useful data representation method on the different time frames simultaneously.In the step 162 of flow process Figure 150, represented this storing process, and in flow process Figure 170 shown in Figure 15, made more detailed description.
In flow process Figure 170 shown in Figure 15, illustrated in the digital processing circuit 100 of IMS 2, be used for " box storage " process of store sample data.The aanalogvoltage input is provided at step 172 place, and obtains the time-based data acquisition (sample) of this analog input voltage at step 174 place.In this example, time-based data acquisition step 174 comprises the multiplexed of the MUX 40 of use under digital processing circuit control, and hereinbefore in conjunction with the repeated sampling on a time slice that Figure 14 discussed.In step 176, a plurality of instantaneous values 175 of each input channel that obtains from step 174 average according to each passage, so that reduce the influence that rises and falls and so on, these rise and fall and be shorter than this time slice on width.Result from step 176, be sent to sampled data pond 178 at average (sampling) point value 177 of each passage, and, for example, one section preset time of storage in the storer of an annular or the first-in first-out buffer memeory.In step 180 to 194, average sampled data is processed from the sampled data pond, and enters storer, and this will be illustrated hereinafter.
Box storing process relates to a series of average engine and toroidal memory.Each toroidal memory all is stored in the data on the different time length, and on this time span, data quilt wherein is average, and is stored in the next toroidal memory the inside with a long term.In example shown in Figure 15, box storer comprises a short-term toroidal memory 182, and it preserves 8 hours data, and wherein each data element representative is by an interval of 5 minutes of each input signal that this IMS monitored.Therefore, sampled data pond 178 advantageously is arranged to store at least 5 minutes average sampled data, and as mentioned above, these data can be removed according to the interval in 1 second.Concerning each passage, short-term averaging engine 180 take out up-to-date 5 minutes, be spaced apart 1 second the data of average sample (for example 300 average samples), and adopt a kind of average algorithm, reduce to an independent short-term data element in order to the average sample data that this passage is stored.Short-term averaging engine 180 and short-term toroidal memory 182 form the part of short-term trend 181, and it is used to the short term variations of all parameters of analytic system.
Use an average engine (also to relate to step 184,188 and 192 in step 180, this is discussed below) time, algorithm in this implementation in fact can be not included in traditional a kind of averaging process, and can advantageously use several different technology.For example, only be substituted in a kind of traditional averaging process with the data sample summation and divided by the method for number of samples, average engine 180 (184,188,192) can adopt a threshold value flexiblely, for example, measure that the data sampled exceed or the frequent degree that is lower than a given threshold value how.Can also adopt other various general treatment technologies, this also will be conspicuous concerning the professional person flexiblely.
In anything part, the processing that short-term averaging engine 180 is implemented at each passage, is reduced to an independent short-term data element with 5 minutes sampled data in sampled data pond 178, and the latter is stored among the short-term toroidal memory 182.In 8 hours time, these data advance to output terminal from the input end of short-term toroidal memory 182, and when storer 182 was filled with, for each passage has been stored 96 data elements, each represented an interval of 5 minutes.
12 the up-to-date data elements that leave short-term toroidal memory 182 the insides in per hour by mid-term average engine 184 watch once.Though a kind of different disposal route also is available, these 12 data points are still used with short-term averaging engine 180 identical disposal routes and are averaged.Concerning each passage, average engine 184 result per hour is 1 a data element in mid-term from mid-term, represents 1 hour sampled data of each passage separately.Mid-term data element be provided to one mid-term toroidal memory 186 input end, toroidal memory 186 has the memory capacity of 192 1 hour data elements of every passage, is representing 8 days historical data of every passage.Intermediate trend 185 is similar to short-term trend 181, and different is to analyze on long sampling interval.
Similarly, 188 every day of long-term average engine to 24 in mid-term toroidal memory 186 up-to-date mid-term data element once sample.The output of long-term average engine 188 is provided to the input end of long-term toroidal memory 190 and is used to secular trend 189.Long-term toroidal memory has 90 one day long term data elements at interval of each passage ideally.At last, set up engine 192 by a history and 30 up-to-date long term data elements were carried out an average calculating operation in per 30 days, and be stored among the historical log storer 194, it is one month average data of each passage preservation at the life period of IMS monitoring device.
Box storing process is why particularly useful be because, it provides the indication at the trend of each channel sample data on a plurality of time frames.And, depend on each average engine 180,184,188,192 employed algorithm, each relevant incident by each monitored parameter of each the passage representative that is sampled will be retained, and can observe the behavior trend of each parameter on each time frame by the different toroidal memory representative of box storage system.The historical log device is all keeping the behavior of monitored all parameters at the whole life period of IMS device, long-term toroidal memory is being stored nearest 90 days behavioral data with 1 day resolution, mid-term, toroidal memory was stored nearest 8 days supplemental characteristic with 1 hour resolution, the short-term toroidal memory is with the in store continuously nearest 8 hours supplemental characteristic in 5 minutes interval, and the sampled data pond at any time all with 1 second the meticulousst resolution at interval be the in store 5 minutes supplemental characteristic of each input channel.
By the data mode that box storing process provided, not only the analysis for the past performance of monitored device is favourable, and also is useful for following performance of prediction.As mentioned above, in above-mentioned example, box storage provides such data, and it can point out the various trend of all parameters of monitored device on a plurality of time frames, and in some instances, these trend can be used to predict the performance in future of monitored all parameters.For example, in a kind of typical application of IMS, the impedance of using impedance measuring circuit 400 to measure each battery unit in a backup power system.These measurement results are sent to analog processing circuit 300 together with other each analog input signals.Because the IMS that monitors continuously carries out each time impedance measurement very continually, so resulting impedance (Z) measurement data has very high resolution and wide dynamic range.Take out the data of being stored in a time slice from the toroidal memory of a box storage system, IMS allows the differential of battery impedance is calculated (dZ/dt).The differential of battery impedance in fact can be used as a kind of prediction of battery performance, and is useful especially having under the situation that a plurality of batteries can compare mutually, for example, and under the situation of a telecommunication exchange backup battery power-supply system.IMS can be all batteries in the Battery pack of power-supply system, or all unit, measures dZ/dt, and through after a while, determines that according to the data that are stored in the box storage system which battery will at first lose efficacy.This is because the performance of lead-acid battery shows usually, in a plurality of batteries, at any given time in, the battery with the highest dZ/dt numerical value will be the battery that at first lost efficacy in a plurality of batteries.Use the box storage system of continuous monitoring and IMS just can realize this function, and in traditional battery measurement system, this once was infeasible.In conjunction with other metrical informations, for example in IMS by the information of expert system Collection and analysis, the time diffusion of battery impedance can be used as the basis at fallout predictor a kind of working time of interdischarge interval.
As being discussed hereinbefore, the Control Software of IMS is based on a kind of owner-user model, and when producing or install, some parameter of IMS and be provided with and need carry out initialization by " owner ".These settings comprise every details of connection matrix 340, select suitable physics input in order to the indication Control Software for each parameter 350 of planning to measure, and about every details of incidence matrix 360, in order to from measured parameters, to determine required virtual parameter 370.Incidence matrix 360 preferably includes the storage indication of any required scaling factor that is applied to every virtual parameter and unit.The owner also is responsible for carrying out the initialization of data-carrier store (" box storer ") and relevant therewith stored configuration, for example at the measurement sampling rate of each average engine and data storage at interval.Have only the just qualified data-carrier store that makes of the owner to reset to give up the data of any preservation, even but the data of having stored can not be by the editor-owner.Can use the order of mailing to digital processing circuit 100 to change the configuration (Figure 12) of IMS by telecommunication circuit 120 by the owner.Also have, even between different places, a plurality of IMS devices also can connect according to the daisy_petal part mode, make that the owner can be once to a plurality of IMS controller broadcast configuration changed information.
On the other hand, the user is restricted the visit of the every function of IMS.What the user was concerned about is to conduct interviews to the data that are stored among the IMS during monitoring, and this can finish in the locality, perhaps finishes in the distance by telecommunication circuit 120.The user can not edit or remove the data of having stored.Can or change by IMS by user's setting in order to determine when some exceptional condition of sending warning and so on.These conditions that need change at any time depend on the condition at that time in monitored system.
Detect at IMS under a kind of situation of environmental change, for example measure by deenergization and so on, as IMS once more during energized, Control Software just changes the method for operation.If detect the change of a secondary environment (condition), then controller will no longer be sure of once can be applicable to new environment in order to the various configuration settings of programming by the owner, and avoid causing the damage of IMS thus and make it to enter a kind of " mute " method of operation.In this manner, the various configurations of the virtual parameter of being programmed by the owner will be left in the basket, and this IMS gets back to a kind of multiplexed voltage meter state in fact, therein, according to predetermined interval, the interval in 1 second for example is at each physics input end measuring voltage level.And no longer carry out box storing process, and measured voltage level is stored among storer as just raw data.Yet, IMS software allows the owner or user to deacclimatize such situation, promptly, in system, only have some monitored part member after after a while from physically (for example being cancelled or changed, change an independent battery unit), and do not make other elements that do not change in the system before canned data lose.
Below only provide about detailed description of the present invention by means of example, and the author do not plan in this article disclosed, comprise that the present invention of the novel combination of each novel feature and all features is limited.
This part instructions and claims subsequently are from the beginning to the end, except context relation require to explain in addition, literal " comprises (comprise; the 1st person) " and such as " comprising (comprises; the 3rd person) " and " comprising (comprising; present progressive tense) " being understood that implying the set that comprises an integral body that has illustrated or step or all integral body and all steps, but does not get rid of the set of any other integral body or step or all integral body and all steps.
Claims (40)
1. monitoring system that is used to monitor the parameters of a part device comprises:
A plurality of input ends are used to receive the multiple analog electrical signal of the parameters of the described device of representative;
A multiplex electronics is used for described each simulating signal is multiplexed as each analog input signal in proper order;
An auto range circuit is used for individually each analog input signal of described order being demarcated being suitable for carrying out within the predetermined range of digital processing;
A signal converter, each analog input signal that is used for the order of will demarcate is converted to each digital signal separately; And
Digital processing unit is used for storage and/or manages described each digital signal.
2. a system according to claim 1, wherein said multiplex electronics comprises the array of a light-MOS element.
3. a system according to claim 2, wherein said each light-MOS element is controlled by described digital processing unit, in order to realize a kind of multiplexed function.
4. a system according to claim 1, wherein said auto range circuit comprises the light-MOS element of a plurality of automatic ranges.
5. a system according to claim 4, wherein said auto range circuit also comprises a plurality of resistance elements, each light-MOS element by means of described automatic range optionally applies each analog input signal of crossing in the described order at resistance element two ends.
6. a system according to claim 5, the voltage that wherein said a plurality of resistance elements are used to the selected ratio of one of each analog input signal with described order is sent to described auto range circuit.Wherein each light-MOS element of described automatic range separately is connected to one or more in described a plurality of resistance element, is in described predetermined range with an interior output so that optionally produce.
7. a system according to claim 6, wherein said auto range circuit comprises an analog signal amplifier circuit, is increased in order to the voltage level with one of each analog input signal of described order to be in the described predetermined range.
8. a system according to claim 7, wherein said auto range circuit comprises a sample-hold circuit, in order to separately changes in amplitude in each analog input signal of level and smooth described order.
9. a system according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring system by the power supply of the switching type power supply of a wide region,
10. a system according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring system can be powered by a system that is monitored by described monitoring system.
11. a system according to claim 9, wherein said power supply is adjusted like this, makes it automatically to adjust to each different input voltage sources.
12. a system according to claim 1 also comprises impedance measurement device, in order to the impedance of a circuit measuring described device.
13. a method that is used to monitor the parameters of a part device comprises following all steps:
Receive the multiple analog electrical signal of the parameters of the described device of representative;
Described each simulating signal is multiplexed as each analog input signal of order;
Each analog input signal of described order demarcated be suitable for carrying out within the predetermined range of digital processing;
Use the conversion of signals apparatus, each analog input signal of the order of having demarcated is converted to separately digital signal; And
Use digital processing unit to store and/or manage described digital signal.
14. a kind of method according to claim 13, wherein said each digital signal is the representative of the data of being sampled in one the 1st time interval, and the step of described storage and/or management is included in described the 1st time interval a plurality of described digital signals is averaged computing, to produce one the 1st average value data.
15. a kind of method according to claim 14, the step of wherein said storage and/or management are included in one the 2nd time interval a plurality of the described the 1st average value data are averaged computing, to produce one the 2nd average value data.
16. a kind of method according to claim 15, the step of wherein said storage and/or management also is included in one the 3rd time interval a plurality of the described the 2nd average value data is averaged computing, to produce one the 3rd average value data.
17. a kind of method according to claim 16, the step of wherein said storage and/or management also is included in one the 4th time interval a plurality of the described the 3rd average value data is averaged computing, to produce one the 4th average value data.
18. a kind of method according to claim 17 also comprises the step that a plurality of described the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd or the 4th average value data is deposited in memory storage separately.
19. a kind of method according to claim 13 is wherein carried out described multiplexed step by a multiplex electronics of an array that contains each light-MOS element.
20. a kind of method according to claim 19, wherein said each light-MOS element is controlled by described digital processing unit, to carry out described multiplexed step.
21. a kind of method according to claim 13 is wherein carried out described demarcating steps by an auto range circuit of each light-MOS element that contains a plurality of automatic ranges.
22. a kind of method according to claim 21, wherein said auto range circuit also comprises a plurality of resistance elements, each light-MOS element by means of described automatic range optionally applies each analog input signal of crossing in the described order at resistance element two ends.
23. a kind of method according to claim 22, the voltage that wherein said a plurality of resistance elements are used to the selected ratio of one of each analog input signal with described order is sent to described auto range circuit.Wherein each light-MOS element of described automatic range separately is connected to one or more in described a plurality of resistance element, is in described predetermined range with an interior output so that optionally produce.
24. a kind of method according to claim 23, wherein said auto range circuit comprise an analog signal amplifier circuit, are increased in order to the voltage level with one of each analog input signal of described order to be in the described predetermined range.
25. a kind of method according to claim 24, wherein said auto range circuit comprise a sample-hold circuit, in order to separately changes in amplitude in each analog input signal of level and smooth described order.
26. a kind of method according to claim 13 also comprises the step of the impedance of a circuit measuring described device.
27. a monitoring device comprises:
An input media is in order to receive the electric signal input of at least one road;
A data harvester, in order to obtain the 1st value data, this numerical value is being represented at least one road signal input of repeatedly sampling in one the 1st time interval.
One the 1st memory storage is in order to store described each the 1st value data;
One the 1st equilibration device, in order to producing each the 2nd value data, this numerical value is being represented each mean value of described the 1st value data in one the 2nd time interval; And
One the 2nd memory storage is in order to store described each the 2nd value data.
A 28. system according to claim 27, wherein said monitoring system also comprises equilibration device that at least one is follow-up and the memory storage that at least one is follow-up, wherein each follow-up equilibration device is arranged like this, so that in a follow-up time interval, produce each follow-up value data, it is representing each mean value of each value data of being stored in a guide's memory storage, and each follow-up memory storage is arranged to store described each follow-up value data.
29. a system according to claim 27, wherein said the 2nd time interval is longer than described the 1st time interval.
30. a system according to claim 28, wherein each follow-up time interval is all long than a guide's the time interval.
31. a system according to claim 27, the wherein said the 1st and the 2nd memory storage comprises the circular storage device.
32. a system according to claim 27, the wherein said the 1st and the 2nd memory storage all comprises a first-in first-out buffer memeory.
33. a system according to claim 27, wherein this monitoring system is by the switching type power supply power supply of a wide region.
34. a system according to claim 27, wherein this monitoring system can be powered by a system that is monitored by described monitoring system.
35. a system according to claim 33, wherein said power supply is adjusted like this, makes it automatically to adjust to each different input voltage sources.
36. a monitor is used to monitor a battery, comprising:
Battery impedance (measurement) device is used for producing according to predetermined sampling interval each time impedance measurement (result) of the sampling of described at least one battery; And
Memory storage, each numeral that is used for time impedance measurement of described each of having sampled deposits among a plurality of memory storages, each memory storage is adjusted like this, makes it to be stored in different time each (numeral) expression of interior described each of having sampled the time impedance measurement (result) that produces at interval separately.
37. a monitor according to claim 36, wherein said numeral are used to produce the impedance of described at least one battery a kind of of time diffusion are measured.
38. according to the described monitor of claim 37, wherein said time differential is impedance a kind of the measuring over time of described at least one battery, and described time differential is the indication of the inefficacy likelihood score of described at least one battery.
39. a method that is used to monitor a plurality of batteries or battery unit comprises:
Preset time at interval in, the impedance of repeatedly measuring in described a plurality of battery or the battery unit each;
Write down each numeral of each measured impedance; And
Use described each numeral to determine that each the impedance in a plurality of batteries or the battery unit measures a kind of of time diffusion.
40. according to the described a kind of method of claim 39, wherein said time differential is impedance a kind of the measuring over time of described each battery or each battery unit, and comprise based on a plurality of described measuring separately, predict the step of the inefficacy likelihood score of described battery or battery unit.
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| AUPP1104 | 1997-12-23 | ||
| AUPP1104A AUPP110497A0 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1997-12-23 | Electrical parameter monitoring system |
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| CN1285042A true CN1285042A (en) | 2001-02-21 |
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| CN98813260A Pending CN1285042A (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1998-12-23 | Electrical parameter monitoring system |
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| EP (1) | EP1055130A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1285042A (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPP110497A0 (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO1999034224A1 (en) |
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| CN103063937A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Analog quantity converter test bench |
| CN107238807A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-10-10 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of intelligent electric power parameter detection device |
| CN109459697A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-03-12 | 安恒环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 | For measuring the device of electric current |
| CN113671324A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-19 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Automatic testing device for testing performance of medium-low voltage distribution board and testing method thereof |
| CN114899511A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 电子科技大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system based on distributed sensor |
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| GB2350686B (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2004-01-07 | Switchtec Power Systems Ltd | Battery capacity measurement |
| EP1320761A2 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2003-06-25 | Invensys Energy Systems (NZ) Limited | Battery monitoring |
| US7576518B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2009-08-18 | Eaton Power Quality Company | Battery monitoring network |
| WO2002093712A2 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2002-11-21 | Invensys Energy Systems (Nz) Limited | Battery charge management |
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| CN102297703A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-12-28 | 北京东方振动和噪声技术研究所 | Data collection equipment and method thereof |
| CN103454519B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-08-05 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | The system and method for Active Power Filter-APF electrical quantity calculating/liquid crystal display |
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| JPS5874847A (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Electronic engine controller |
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| NL8301510A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1984-11-16 | Innovi Nv | Video signal enhancement circuit for medical diagnosis - uses averaging and synchronisation techniques to reduce noise in biologically-produced periodic signals |
| JPS60142215A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-27 | Ishida Scales Mfg Co Ltd | Method and device for combined measurement |
| GB2188806B (en) * | 1986-04-05 | 1989-11-01 | Burr Brown Ltd | Method and apparatus for improved interface unit between analog input signals and a digital signal bus |
| KR880009387A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-09-15 | 더머 제트.엘 | Smart sensor system for diagnostic monitoring |
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- 1997-12-23 AU AUPP1104A patent/AUPP110497A0/en not_active Abandoned
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1998
- 1998-12-23 WO PCT/AU1998/001073 patent/WO1999034224A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-12-23 CA CA002315678A patent/CA2315678A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-23 EP EP98960930A patent/EP1055130A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-23 CN CN98813260A patent/CN1285042A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
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| CN1322627C (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2007-06-20 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Device and method for valuting recharge rate of cell |
| CN103063937A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Analog quantity converter test bench |
| CN107238807A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-10-10 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of intelligent electric power parameter detection device |
| CN109459697A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-03-12 | 安恒环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 | For measuring the device of electric current |
| CN109459697B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 安恒环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Device for measuring current |
| CN113671324A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-19 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Automatic testing device for testing performance of medium-low voltage distribution board and testing method thereof |
| CN113671324B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-11-24 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Automatic testing device and method for testing performance of medium-low voltage distribution board |
| CN114899511A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 电子科技大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system based on distributed sensor |
| CN114899511B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-03-31 | 电子科技大学 | Lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system based on distributed sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2315678A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
| EP1055130A4 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
| WO1999034224A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
| AUPP110497A0 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
| EP1055130A1 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
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