CN1283053C - Method for obtaining OFDM system coarse synchronizing using PN code synchronous channel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method which adopts a PN (a pseudorandom sequence) code synchronization channel to obtain OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation) coarse synchronization, which belongs to the field of mobile communication OFDM modulation demodulation technology. The method is characterized in that a PN code with good self correlativity is used as data of the synchronization channel, a kind of PN code configuration is set to select patterns, and the maximal correlated peak output is obtained through the match and the calculation of a correlator in a period of time. Compared with the patterns of the PN code, frame synchronizing signals for receiving the data are obtained, and the ambiguity of time slots is effectively restrained. Meanwhile, a synchronized state interpreter is adopted, the time range is calculated according to an output result of the correlator and the correlator, and coarse synchronization signals are effectively determined to provide an accurate basis for the next time-frequency accurate synchronous calculation. The method overcomes the defect that CP (a cyclic prefix) is simply used to carry out the coarse synchronization.
Description
Technical field
Be used for next generation mobile communication OFDM modulation demodulation system and improve thick net synchronization capability, it is fuzzy to overcome time slot, obtains frame synchronizing signal, for essence is made basis more accurately synchronously.
Background technology
The target of next generation mobile communication is that high transfer rate more, the higher availability of frequency spectrum can be provided, based on such target, and the successful Application of OFDM technology in existing communication system, the OFDM technology is chosen as the core modulation-demodulation technique of next generation mobile communication.
In OFDM modulation demodulation system, synchronous obtaining is vital.In the wireless transmission link, under the channel conditions of chromatic dispersion decline, fast moving, demodulating end need learnt sequence of operations such as finishing FFT operation and channel estimating under the accurately synchronous prerequisite.Simultaneous techniques is divided into synchronously thick usually and synchronous two steps of essence finish, if communication system adopts Frame to solve the problem of multi-user, multiple spot access, simultaneous techniques wherein slightly synchronously should be able to achieve frame synchronously and to overcome time slot fuzzy, for essence provides certain judgement foundation synchronously.
Thick simultaneous techniques in the past realizes that based on CP synchronizing speed is slower, and the synchronization timing scope is more rough, and noise robustness is also poor.Increase the method for PN sequence merely in slot (time slot) front, only accomplish slot synchronization, it is synchronous to be difficult to achieve frame, and in next generation mobile communication, still adopt the cellular mobile communication system, its data system is to need certain data frame structure, so the method for simple increase PN sequence synchronization code word can't overcome slot (time slot) ambiguity.Based on above 2 considerations, proposed to guide the new thick synchronized algorithm of synchronizing channel according to certain PN sequence allocation pattern.
Summary of the invention
Content of the present invention is to provide a kind of achieve frame simultaneously PN sign indicating number synchronizing channel of utilizing synchronous and slot synchronization to obtain the thick synchronous method of ofdm system.
The invention is characterized in:
(1) it is synchronous to utilize PN sign indicating number correlation matching algorithm to obtain slot (time slot), utilizes the distribution pattern of different time-gap PN sign indicating number uniqueness in every frame to obtain frame synchronization then, eliminates the ambiguity of slot synchronization, constructs the synchronous regime interpreter simultaneously and guarantees synchronization dependability;
(2) described first kind of PN sign indicating number be with " 0 " expression, second kind with " 1 " thus expression constitutes a linear code word;
(3) described opposing multipath fading and to eliminate the result that white noise disturbs as far as possible be by the related operation result of step (1) is obtained divided by the instant average power within this period and as normalized respectively;
(4) described synchronous regime interpreter be by in same sampling location the whether continuous code distance minimums that obtain for 3 times judge whether this position reaches the thick timing starting point of agreement.
The present invention has constructed thick synchronized transmission and receiving system scheme, and the delivery plan design is mainly OFDM synchronizing channel frame format, and reception programme is based on the thick synchronized algorithm of this frame format and describes, and is used for guaranteeing reliable synchronizing signal and overcomes time slot fuzzy.
In the designed OFDM synchronizing channel frame format (accompanying drawing 1), a slot cycle is T, and S time slot is a frame, and F frame constitutes a superframe.K sampling altogether comprises N OFDM symbol altogether in each time slot in each time slot.One or more time-frequency homing sequences are arranged in a time slot, be inserted between the OFDM symbol.In a time slot, can have in several OFDM symbols, insert known frequency domain aiming symbol at certain intervals.
Based on such synchronous channel structure, consider to adopt unique long PN sequence code to be used as the PN sequence of synchronous searching.In this frame structure, each time slot has a PN sign indicating number as time slot homing sequence (length is set to P sampled point), by the good autocorrelation performance of PN sequence, can obtain frame thick synchronized result regularly by this homing sequence.In the scheme, S PN code character arranged in a whole frame, two kinds of different PN sign indicating numbers (PN1 and PN2) have been used, two kinds of PN sign indicating numbers are distributed in (for example clear a kind of PN sign indicating number distribution patterns of accompanying drawing 2 in the frame signal with certain sequence pattern, wherein 0 the representative first kind of PN sign indicating number, 1 represents second kind of PN sign indicating number), can know that according to the sequence pattern this PN sign indicating number place time slot is which time slot in this frame, also can utilize this pattern-information to obtain the signal of frame synchronization, help accelerating thick synchronous finishing, reduce the probability of lost data frames in the synchronizing process.
Thick synchronized algorithm basic ideas are to carry out earlier the calculating of the relevant matches device of two PN sign indicating numbers respectively, the relevant matches device is exactly with two sequence phase multiply accumulating outputs, autocorrelation characteristics according to the PN sequence, if received signal and local PN sequence are synchronous, when starting point is the same, so their phase multiply accumulating is got up to export a very high peak value, otherwise the just very low output of amplitude.Correlator output result will carry out power normalization and handle, the so smoothly influence of multipath and white Gaussian noise, carry out threshold setting (for example can come setting threshold) according to this result then and declare firmly (greater than its position of relevant peaks reservation record of threshold value according to half of peak-peak, relevant peaks less than threshold value can be given up), thereby obtain the distribution patterns of two PN sign indicating numbers at each slot s lot head, this pattern may be the pattern as a result (at this moment should be the optimal synchronisation result) of most powerful path, it also may be the pattern as a result (because the randomness of multipath, this synchronized result is insecure) of other multipaths.
Compare with CP (Cyclic Prefix) with simple, it is more accurate slightly synchronous estimation range has also effectively overcome the fuzzy problem of time slot simultaneously, and the coarse synchronization signal of Frame is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the OFDM data structure, begins to be sub-divided into last synchronic PN code from superframe;
The configuration pattern of two kinds of PN sign indicating numbers of Fig. 2, ten different time-gap heads in a frame, on behalf of this time slot, 0 insert the 1st kind of scrambler, and on behalf of this time slot, 1 insert the 2nd kind of scrambler;
The thick synchronized algorithm block diagram of Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 synchronous regime interpreter state exchange schematic diagram, 0 represents the lock-out signal of input state machine, and 1 represents synchronizing signal;
Fig. 5 synchronizing channel frame format parameter illustrates;
Fig. 6 PN sign indicating number correlated results pattern is explained.
Fig. 7 PN code generator block diagram, wherein No. 1 PN sign indicating number and No. 100 PN sign indicating number are first kind of PN sign indicating number and second kind of PN sign indicating number during this patent illustrates
Embodiment
Concrete calculation procedure (accompanying drawing 3) is:
(1) earlier input signal and local PN sign indicating number are carried out related calculation, obtain add up correlated results temp1 and temp2 respectively with two kinds of PN sign indicating numbers (PN1 and PN2);
(2) in the burst related operation, the power average value of (in some sampled points) within output a period of time;
(3) with the temp1 as a result of related operation and temp2 respectively divided by the instant average power of this section within the time, and do normalized, obtain tt1 and tt2, so the purpose of handling is in order to resist multipath fading, and eliminates white noise as far as possible and disturb;
(4) set corresponding threshold value with detected highest peak, highest peak means that acquisition slot is synchronous generally speaking, the influence that becomes when considering multipath and decline, and other strong peaks that surpass threshold value also will be considered.Come tt1 and tt2 are declared PN sign indicating number configuration pattern in the time range that just can obtain a frame length firmly according to threshold value.
(5) regard the pattern of PN sign indicating number as a kind of linear code, do the computing of asking code distance respectively with two PN sign indicating number configuration pattern sequences behind the hard decision, and the code distance that two sequences are tried to achieve added up, the code distance smallest point that obtains (should be 0 point in theory) is the thick regularly starting point of correct frame.
(6) the 5th step result is input to the synchronous regime interpreter, judges by the synchronous regime interpreter whether system arrives thick synchronous state.
The synchronous regime interpreter is a kind of state transition algorithm (accompanying drawing 4) that designs in order to guarantee the thick synchronous timing in longer a period of time.It is divided into synchronous state and follows the tracks of attitude, and continuous 3 lock-outs (perhaps obtaining synchronously) are for forwarding the changing condition of lock-out (perhaps forwarding synchronous state to from the lock-out attitude) to from synchronous state.(code distance is not equal to 0) state exchange machine is input as 0 when PN pattern in the frame that testing result obtained of a frame time is different with known PN sign indicating number configuration pattern, means that this frame PN sign indicating number pattern does not match OOF; (code distance equals 0) state exchange machine is input as 1 when PN pattern in the testing result is identical with known PN sign indicating number configuration pattern, means this frame PN sign indicating number pattern match, frame synchronization.In accompanying drawing 4, T0, T1, T2 are three and follow the tracks of attitude that T0 represents initial condition; T1 can be from the T0 state transitions to the T1 state when being input as 1 for obtaining the state of a frame synchronization, and same when being input as 0, the T1 state is then transferred to the T0 state; T2 is the state of double acquisition frame synchronization, and that is to say can be from the T1 state transitions to the T2 state when being input as 1, with should be input as 0 from the T2 state transitions to the T1 state.S0, S1, S2 are three synchronous states, and S0 represents the synchronism stability state, when importing 1 on the basis of T2 state, can change S0 over to from the T2 state, and this time, designation system entered synchronous regime, should carry out processing such as subsequent demodulation according to the coarse synchronization signal of this moment; When being input as 0 on the basis at S0, the expression system temporarily loses synchronously, transfers to the S1 state, if next import 1, the expression system gets back to synchronous regime S0 again, and system is normal synchronized still; On basis, import 0 again at S1, the expression system loses again synchronously, need be transformed into the S2 state, importing 0 expression system under the S2 state again loses synchronously for continuous 3 times, system is no longer synchronously stable, enter the T0 tracking mode and proceed thick synchronous searching, if import 1 then can return the synchronous state of S0 again.This mechanism that is used as synchronous state and follows the tracks of state exchange between the attitude with continuous three subsynchronous or lock-outs has effectively guaranteed the maintenance of system synchronization state, has avoided the interference of emergency case to system.This part illustrates with the example of a practical application how this thick synchronized algorithm works.
At first set the frame format parameter of transmitting terminal synchronizing channel.In the frame format, a slot cycle is 1ms, and 10 time slots are a frame, and 256 frames constitute a superframe.Totally 10240 samplings in each time slot comprise 8 OFDM symbols (accompanying drawing 5) altogether in each time slot.One or more time-frequency homing sequences are arranged in a time slot, be inserted between the OFDM symbol.The PN sign indicating number choose principle according to pseudo-random sequence generator, produce two kinds of scramblers, for example we adopt and a kind ofly illustrate at the employed PN code generator in WCDMA down link the inside, the structure chart of giving the PN code generator is as shown in Figure 7.In the PN sign indicating number that this PN code generator is produced, choose the PN sign indicating number of No. 1 and No. 100 PN sign indicating number two kinds of configurations of this thick synchronized algorithm the inside as us.0 of first kind of PN sign indicating number (No. 1 PN sign indicating number) respective figure 2 the insides that is to say that we insert first kind of PN sign indicating number as synchrodata on indicating 0 time slot in accompanying drawing 2 the insides; 1 of second kind of PN sign indicating number (No. 100 PN sign indicating numbers) respective figure 3 the insides that is to say that we insert second kind of PN sign indicating number as synchrodata on indicating 1 time slot in accompanying drawing 2 the insides.
6 in accompanying drawing illustrated receiving terminal be how to judge thick synchronous.Among Fig. 6, a represents the correlated results pattern that (the normally integral multiple of a frame or a frame) searches in the certain hour, this correlated results is the coupling correlated results of two kinds of PN sign indicating numbers, if long and narrow peak value appears in first kind of PN sign indicating number correlated results, illustrate that then this PN sign indicating number has obtained synchronously, in like manner second kind of PN sign indicating number correlated results long and narrow peak value occurs and illustrates that then second kind of PN sign indicating number obtained synchronously.When using first kind of PN sign indicating number acquisition peak value first kind of PN sign indicating number of just this time slot configuration can having been thought of be correlated with, that is to say this time slot mark " 0 "; When obtain the peak value second kind of PN sign indicating number of just this time slot configuration can having been thought with second kind of PN sign indicating number, that is to say this time slot mark " 1 ".Just can obtain the code word of a PN sign indicating number configuration pattern in the frame through such operation.Among Fig. 6, the code word that the correlated results of a obtains is " 0000110010 ", this code word is compared with the code word that configures in advance (accompanying drawing 2), originally code word is " 0010110011 ", can see that digital number inequality is 2, that is to say Hamming code apart from being 2, it is synchronous preferably to illustrate that this correlated results does not obtain, being unmatched, may be because the error result that multipath or noise jamming or the like cause.And the b in the accompanying drawing 6 is according to above-mentioned processing method, and the code word that obtains is " 0010110011 ", compares with the code word that configures in advance (accompanying drawing 2), and Hamming code illustrates that apart from being 0 this correlated results obtains synchronously.Obtain so thick synchronized result in same sampling location 3 times and just illustrate that this position enters synchronous regime continuously.
Claims (4)
1. utilize pseudo random sequence PN sign indicating number synchronizing channel to obtain the thick synchronous method of OFDM, it is characterized in that: utilize PN sign indicating number correlation matching algorithm to obtain slot synchronization, utilize the distribution pattern of different time-gap PN sign indicating number uniqueness in every frame to obtain frame synchronization then, eliminate the ambiguity of slot synchronization, construct the synchronous regime interpreter simultaneously and guarantee synchronization dependability, it contains following steps successively:
(1) at transmitting terminal, adopt PN sign indicating number synchronous channel structure, promptly in frame structure PN sign indicating number of each time slot allocation as the time slot homing sequence, length is P sampled point, in a complete frame, be divided into S the PN code character that equates with timeslot number, adopt a kind of in two kinds of different PN sign indicating numbers respectively, form certain sequence pattern and be distributed in the frame signal;
(2) while carries out anti-multipath decline processing to above-mentioned related operation result respectively and eliminates white noise as far as possible and disturb processing;
(3) set corresponding threshold value according to detected each time slot highest peak in the above-mentioned processing procedure, according to threshold value above-mentioned result is declared firmly respectively, promptly if first kind of PN sign indicating number relevant peaks surpasses threshold value then to this time slot note " 0 ", if second kind of PN sign indicating number relevant peaks surpasses threshold value then to this time slot note " 1 ", obtain the interior PN sign indicating number configuration pattern of time range of a frame length;
(4) the PN sequence pattern that transmitting terminal is set respectively with declare firmly after two PN configuration patterns ask the computing of code distance, and, judge that frame by frame the code distance smallest point that obtains is the correct thick timing of frame starting point with the code distance addition that two sequences are tried to achieve;
(5) result of step (4) is input to synchronous state machine and judges whether the thick synchronization timing that reaches stable.
2. the PN sign indicating number synchronizing channel of utilizing according to claim 1 obtains OFDM coarse synchronization signal method, it is characterized in that: described first kind of PN sign indicating number be with " 0 " expression, second kind with " 1 " thus expression constitutes a linear code word;
3. the PN sign indicating number synchronizing channel of utilizing according to claim 1 obtains OFDM coarse synchronization signal method, and it is characterized in that: the result that described opposing multipath fading is also eliminated the white noise interference as far as possible is by the related operation result of step (1) is obtained divided by the instant average power within this period and as normalized respectively;
4. the PN sign indicating number synchronizing channel of utilizing according to claim 1 obtains OFDM coarse synchronization signal method, it is characterized in that: described synchronous regime interpreter obtains to arrive when code distance is minimum judges this position thick synchronous state continuous 3 times by same position, if do not have continuous 3 acquisition code distance minimums at same position, so just judge not arrive thick synchronous state.
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CN1980210B (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2010-11-10 | 北京邮电大学 | Method for realizing sign blind synchronization in zero-prefix orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system |
CN101166169B (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2010-06-23 | 北京泰美世纪科技有限公司 | System and method for making frame synchronization tracking and channel detection based on frequency domain sequence |
CN101137225B (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2010-05-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for detecting co-PN interference in CDMA system |
CN101170534B (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2010-06-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A timing rough synchronization capturing method for mobile multimedia broadcast system |
CN101222241B (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-05-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for reducing prefix disturbance in IEEE802.16e system |
CN101217790B (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2012-06-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A construction method and device of random access channel of wireless communication system |
CN101227447B (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2011-07-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Coarse timing capture method, apparatus and mobile terminal |
CN101340416B (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2011-02-16 | 北京交通大学 | Synchronization and channel response estimation method suitable for OFDM system |
CN102123112B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2015-06-03 | 卓胜微电子(上海)有限公司 | Forward multipath detecting method and device based on pseudorandom number (PN) cyclic prefix |
CN102202019B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-05-07 | 卓胜微电子(上海)有限公司 | Forward multi-path detection device and method in wireless communication receiving system |
CN105049394B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2018-07-31 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | It is a kind of based on the synchronization detecting method for overcoming big frequency deviation synchronizing sequence |
CN107872286B (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2023-08-25 | 南京火零信息科技有限公司 | Frame synchronization device using double PN codes |
CN109067693B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-12-04 | 安徽传矽微电子有限公司 | Coarse time synchronization method and coarse time synchronization device |
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