CN1282979C - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an electromagnetic relay adaptive to high voltages to which a countermeasure against an arc is applied, and is capable of achieving miniaturization. An electromagnetic relay 1 has movable contact moving mechanisms 10, 11 for holding a movable contact 16 at an initial position by a spring force of a movable contact spring 15 provided with the movable contact 16 at an end portion to bring the movable contact 16 and a fixed contact 17 into a release state during an initial state that an electromagnet 8 is in a non-excitation sate. On the other hand, moving the movable contact 16 in a prescribed direction by an excitation force stronger than the spring force of the movable contact spring 15 to bring the movable contact 16 and the fixed contact 17 into a closing state during the excitation state of the electromagnet 8, and reversing the moving direction to return to the initial position after excessively moving the movable contact 16 to a prescribed position beyond the initial position when the electromagnet 8 moves in the non-excitation state and the movable contact 16 is separated form the fixed contact 17 to return to the initial position.

Description

Electromagnetic relay

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic relay, specifically, relate to a kind of tackle in high-tension, can realize miniaturization, for example be suitable for the electromagnetic relay of the various electrical appliances of vehicles such as Control of Automobile.

Background technology

Before, in the vehicles such as automobile (following singly be called " vehicle "), for example in the L load driving part of automatic open-close type window motor and rain brush motor etc., adopted electromagnetic relay.But, in this electromagnetic relay, must prevent the electric arc that when contact separates, produces.

For example, the electromagnetic relay that adopts in the rain brush drive division of vehicle, when the driver carried out the start-up operation of rain brush, Control current was fed into the electromagnet of electromagnetic relay, produced excitation power.Travelling contact is subjected to after this excitation power towards the fixed contact side shifting, two junction closures, and the result is that by these contacts, cell voltage is fed into the rain brush motor, the rain brush action.When the driver had carried out the shut-down operation of rain brush, the Control current that supplies to the electromagnet of electromagnetic relay was cut off, and excitation power disappears.Travelling contact resets into initial position under the effect of spring force.As a result, two contacts become separated position, and the cell voltage of supplying with the rain brush motor is cut off, and rain brush stops action.But, because the rain brush motor is the L load, so when two contacts separated, the electric power that rises that the L load is produced made and between travelling contact and the fixed contact electric arc takes place that at this moment, electric arc can cause problems such as contact damage.

For this reason, prevent that before the method for this electric arc from being, corresponding with the voltage swing that acts between contact, make contact clearance (distance of separation of travelling contact and fixed contact) optimization (seeing patent documentation 1).For example, in the document, when being used to the vehicle of 12V dc-battery is housed, contact clearance is about 0.3mm, and when voltage was higher, when for example being used to the vehicle of 24V dc-battery is housed, contact clearance increased 0.9mm (about 1.2mm).

Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2002-237244 communique.

In the electromagnetic relay before, though by the corresponding high voltage of expansion contact clearance energy,, the expansion of contact clearance needs big excitation power, for example, in the top example, when contact clearance was 0.3mm, establishing required excitation power was Ga, when contact clearance is 4 times (1.2mm), if required excitation power is Gb, then become certainly Ga＜＜relation of Gb, so, cause the maximization of electromagnet.Therefore, cause the maximization of electromagnetic relay itself inevitably.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of electromagnetic relay, this electromagnetic relay can prevent electric arc, can corresponding high voltage, and can realize miniaturization, be suitable for the control of the various electrical appliances of vehicle such as automobile.

Electromagnetic relay of the present invention, at least include travelling contact spring, fixed contact, the electromagnet that under excited state, attracts this travelling contact spring that has travelling contact in the end, the stopper that moves that limits the travelling contact spring, when electromagnet is the initial condition of non-excited state, elastic force by this travelling contact spring, this travelling contact is remained on initial position, make travelling contact and fixed contact become open state;

On the other hand, when above-mentioned electromagnet became excited state, the excitation power by surpassing above-mentioned travelling contact spring force made above-mentioned travelling contact move to prescribed direction, makes travelling contact and fixed contact become closure state, wherein,

When above-mentioned electromagnet changes non-excited state into from excited state, when above-mentioned travelling contact leaves fixed contact, this travelling contact surpasses this initial position and after the direction of leaving from fixed contact moves, utilize this stopper and be stopped at the assigned position that stopper exists, make the moving direction counter-rotating afterwards, and reset into above-mentioned initial position.

According to the present invention, travelling contact is when initial position restores, exceedingly move to the some assigned positions of the initial position of crossing regulation after, reset into initial position again.

Now, initial position and the gap between the fixed contact (contact clearance) of supposing travelling contact are 0.3mm, suppose that above-mentioned " surpassing the some assigned positions of initial position " is to add for example position of 0.9mm on this 0.3mm, then travelling contact is after having left fixed contact, earlier expand its contact clearance to " 0.3mm+0.9=1.2mm ", then be stabilized to formal contact clearance (0.3mm) again.

Therefore, left the contact clearance of the travelling contact behind the fixed contact, temporarily expand 1.2mm to from 0.3mm, so, this temporary transient expansion value (1.2mm) is suitable with the suitable contact clearance (not producing the contact clearance of electric arc) of 24 V batteries, so, can tackle high voltage, in addition, this tackles high-tension contact clearance (1.2mm) is temporary, common contact clearance when travelling contact is positioned at initial position is 0.3mm, so, when setting the excitation power of electromagnet, as long as consider contact clearance (0.3mm) when common, the maximization of electromagnet can be avoided, thereby the maximization of electromagnetic relay can be avoided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the outside drawing of the electromagnetic relay of this form of implementation;

Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B are the side view and the front elevations of the electromagnetic relay of this form of implementation;

Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are the detail drawings of the major part (particularly contact mechanism part) of the electromagnetic relay 1 of this form of implementation;

Fig. 4 is the assembly drawing of electromagnetic relay 1;

Fig. 5 is the mode circuit figure of electromagnetic relay 1;

Fig. 6 is the concept map of the contact action of electromagnetic relay 1.

Embodiment

Below, with reference to description of drawings form of implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the outside drawing of the electromagnetic relay of this form of implementation.Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B are its side view and front elevation.In these figure, on the electromagnetic relay 1, a fixed contact terminal 3 and a travelling contact terminal (being also referred to as common terminal) 4, respectively the substrate 2 that constitutes from insulating material below stretch out, simultaneously, also stretch out 2 coil terminals 5,5.On substrate 2, being covered with also is the transparent shell (loam cake) 6 that is made of insulating material, protects the various electromagnetic relay parts that are installed on the substrate 2 with this transparent shell 6.

The electromagnetic relay parts include: the iron core 7 of formation electromagnet and coil 8, resistor 9, restraint spring 10, restraint fixed part 11, hinge spring 12, armature (ア one マ チ ュ ア) 13, yoke (ヨ one Network) 14 etc.In addition, only shown in Fig. 2 A, be also contained in the electromagnetic relay parts with hinge spring 12 all-in-one-piece travelling contact springs 15, fixed contact 17 of being installed in the travelling contact 16 of travelling contact spring 15 bottoms and being installed in fixed contact terminal 3 upper ends etc.

Below, the detailed construction of the major part (particularly contact mechanism part) of the electromagnetic relay 1 of this form of implementation is described.Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are its detail drawings.Among this figure, be fixed on the yoke 14 of maintenance framework 18 upper surfaces of coil 8, make, be electrically connected with travelling contact terminal 4 by conductive materials such as metals.On yoke 14, fixing also is the hinge spring of being made by conductive material 12, when Control current does not supply to coil 8, when not acting on excitation power (below be called " non-excited state "), be positioned at shown position (below be called " initial position ") with hinge spring 12 all-in-one-piece travelling contact springs 15 to unshakable in one's determination 7; When the excitation masterpiece is used on unshakable in one's determination 7, the armature 13 that is installed in travelling contact spring 15 back sides is attracted by unshakable in one's determination 7, attract direction (dextrad among the figure) to move towards this, be installed in the travelling contact 16 of its bottom, contact two contacts (travelling contact 16 and fixed contact 17) closure with the fixed contact 17 that is installed in fixed contact terminal 3 upper ends.

On the other hand, when travelling contact spring 15 was positioned at illustrated initial position, travelling contact spring 15 joined with the L oxbow leading section 19 of restraint spring 10.This L oxbow leading section 19 can move towards left and right directions among the figure by the elastic force of restraint spring 10.But, in fact, restraint spring 10 be formed on the projection 20 of left in figure on the restraint fixed part 11 collide (when travelling contact spring 15 is positioned at the diagram initial position), right-hand swing is limited in the figure, so, L oxbow leading section 19 is a benchmark with above-mentioned initial position, is only allowed left swing in the figure.

For convenience of explanation, ignore illustrated restraint spring 10 and restraint fixed part 11.That is, suppose not have any barrier in the left side of travelling contact spring 15 (towards drawing).

At this moment, because travelling contact spring 15 can be swung towards the left side from illustrated initial position in elastic force scope own, so, if left limit positions that should swing be " A ", when separating transition, travelling contact spring 15 carries out such knee springing to travelling contact 16 from closure, promptly an end is crossed initial position earlier, arrive the left limit positions, reverse directions resets into initial position again.Now, suppose that the contact clearance (interval of travelling contact 16 and fixed contact 17) of travelling contact spring 15 when initial position is 0.3mm, the contact clearance when then being positioned at above-mentioned left limit positions A is than the big a certain value of 0.3mm " X ".X is the separation distance of left limit positions A and initial position.

For example, if the X value is set at 0.9mm exactly, then travelling contact 16 from closure when separately moving,

1. after temporarily reaching " 0.3mm+0.9mm=1.2mm " such expansion contact clearance, owing to reach " 0.3mm " this contact clearance commonly used, so, enlarge contact clearance by this, can prevent the electric arc corresponding with the 24V power supply.

2. owing to the required excitation power of the electromagnet that constitutes by iron core 7 and coil 8, can be set at the little value corresponding with above-mentioned contact clearance commonly used, so, the maximization (therefore, avoiding the maximization of electromagnetic relay 1) of electromagnet can be avoided.

In fact, owing to reasons such as foozles, the X zero deflection to be set at above-mentioned value (for example 0.9mm) be difficult.

Restraint spring 10 in this form of implementation and restraint fixed part 11 are set the initial position and the above-mentioned X value of travelling contact spring 15 exactly for zero deflection, be essential parts.

Promptly, the initial position of travelling contact spring 15, position by the L oxbow leading section 19 of restraint spring 10 limits, the position of L oxbow leading section 19, projection 20 by restraint fixed part 11 limits, so, these parts (the L oxbow leading section 19 of restraint the spring 10 and projection 20 of restraint fixed part 11), for the initial position of setting travelling contact spring 15 exactly, be indispensable parts.

In addition, the moving of left in the figure of travelling contact spring 15, be when L oxbow leading section 19 left pushing in figure of restraint spring 10 is mobile, to carry out, it moves boundary (being equivalent to above-mentioned left limit positions A), be that the bottom of travelling contact spring 15 and restraint fixed part 11 are when colliding, the error in mounting position of restraint fixed part 11 seldom, in practicality, can ignore, so, this restraint fixed part 11, accurately setting above-mentioned X value for zero deflection, is indispensable parts.

Here, if the spring force of travelling contact spring 15 is Fa, the move spring force of spring 10 of limiting is Fb, establish when excited state is converted to non-excited state by travelling contact spring 15 and hinge spring 12 give with restoring force be Fc, the relation of these Fa, Fb, Fc is set at " Fa＜Fb＜Fc ".

Fig. 4 is the assembly drawing of electromagnetic relay 1.For example, earlier fixed contact is installed among the hole 3a of fixed contact terminal 3 upper ends, this fixed contact terminal 3 is embedded in the hole 2a of substrate 2.Then, coil terminals 5,5 is installed in the two ends of resistor 9, coil terminals 5,5 is embedded in hole 2b, the 2b of substrates 2.

Then,, coil lead 21,21 is embedded into breach 18b, the 18b that is formed on this maintenance framework 18, the coiling two ends of coil 8 are electrically connected with coil lead 21,21 the 7 hole 18a that put on the maintenance framework 18 that is formed on coil 8 unshakable in one's determination.

Then, the bottom of the restraint fixed part 11 that restraint spring 10 is installed, be embedded in the hole 18c of maintenance framework 18 of coil 8.

Then, travelling contact 16 is installed in the hole 15a of travelling contact spring 15 bottoms, simultaneously, armature 13 is installed in the back side of travelling contact spring 15, after being installed to yoke 14 top with travelling contact spring 15 all-in-one-piece hinge springs 12, the upper end of travelling contact terminal 4 is installed to the bottom of yoke 14 again.

At last, the above-mentioned coil component that assembles like that (being made of coil 8, maintenance framework 18, iron core 7, coil lead 21,21, restraint spring 10 and restraint fixed part 11) is installed on the substrate 2, and, after being installed to the above-mentioned movable contact component that assembles like that (constituting) on the substrate 2 by travelling contact spring 15, travelling contact 16, armature 13, hinge spring 12, yoke 14 and travelling contact terminal 4, covering shell 6 has just been finished the electromagnetic relay 1 that Fig. 1 constructs.

Fig. 5 is the mode circuit figure of electromagnetic relay 1.Fig. 6 is the concept map of contact action.Among Fig. 5, fixed contact terminal 3 is being connected with fixed contact 17, and travelling contact terminal 4 is being connected with travelling contact 16.A pair of coil terminals 5,5 is being connected with the coiling two ends of coil 8, also is being connected with the two ends of resistor 9 simultaneously.The effect of resistor 9 is, when the energising cut off coil 8, resistor 9 absorbs the surge voltage that the back electromotive force by coil 8 produces.

When Control current was not supplied with coil terminals 5,5, coil 8 was non-excited states.Under this non-excited state, travelling contact 16 is positioned at illustrated initial position, separates with the interval that keeps regulation between the fixed contact 17 (contact clearance commonly used: for example 0.3mm).When Control current supplied to coil terminals 5,5, by the excitation power of coil 8, travelling contact 16 was drawn towards fixed contact 17 side draughts, two junction closures, and the result is, is electrically connected between fixed contact terminal 3 and the travelling contact terminal 4.

In addition, consider transition process from this excited state to non-excited state, finally, travelling contact 16 leaves and resets into above-mentioned initial position from fixed contact 17, still, its restoring force be only by the spring force of travelling contact spring 15 and hinge spring 12 give with, so carry out flexible like this action, promptly temporarily exceedingly move to the assigned position (dotted line position) of crossing above-mentioned initial position, then, the moving direction counter-rotating resets into above-mentioned initial position.Assigned position (dotted line position) is by the installation site decision of restraint fixed part 11.

Now, the distance of separation of supposing initial position and assigned position (dotted line position) is 0.9mm, contact clearance when travelling contact 16 is positioned at assigned position (dotted line position) (expansion contact clearance) becomes 0.3mm+0.9mm=1.2mm, so, the suitable contact clearance of high voltage (24V power supply) can be guaranteed to tackle, the electric arc that high-voltage power supply produces can be prevented.

On the other hand, the high-tension contact clearance of above-mentioned reply (1.2mm) is temporary transient eventually, contact clearance commonly used, be the gap (0.3mm) of travelling contact 16 when being positioned at initial position, so, the excitation power (attracting the power of travelling contact 16) of coil 8 needn't be increased, therefore, the maximization of coil 8 can be avoided, that is, the maximization of electromagnetic relay can be avoided.

As mentioned above, according to the electromagnetic relay 1 of this form of implementation, when travelling contact 16 separates, can temporarily enlarge contact clearance, contact clearance (for example 1.2mm) by this expansion, can prevent the electric arc that high-voltage power supply produces, in addition, the contact clearance commonly used in the time of can making travelling contact 16 be positioned at initial position, than above-mentioned expansion contact clearance little (for example 0.3mm), by this contact clearance commonly used, can reduce the required excitation power of coil 8, can avoid the maximization of electromagnetic relay 1.

In addition, in the above-mentioned form of implementation, be to have adopted restraint spring 10 and restraint fixed part 11, but be not limited thereto, also can replace restraint spring 10 with the elastomeric element of rubber etc.In addition, also can adopt the insulant of metal or plastics etc. to replace restraint fixed part 11.

According to the present invention, temporarily expand 1.2mm to owing to leave the contact clearance of the travelling contact behind the fixed contact from 0.3mm, so this temporary transient expansion value (1.2mm) is suitable with the suitable contact clearance (not producing the contact clearance of electric arc) of 24V battery, so, can tackle high voltage, in addition, this tackles high-tension contact clearance (1.2mm) is temporary transient, common contact clearance when travelling contact is positioned at initial position is 0.3mm, so, when setting the excitation power of electromagnet,, can avoid the maximization (Gu this can be avoided the maximization of electromagnetic relay) of electromagnet as long as consider contact clearance (0.3mm) when common.

Claims (1)

1. an electromagnetic relay includes travelling contact spring, fixed contact, the electromagnet that attracts this travelling contact spring under excited state that has travelling contact in the end, the stopper that moves that limits the travelling contact spring at least,

When electromagnet is the initial condition of non-excited state, by the elastic force of this travelling contact spring, this travelling contact is remained on initial position, make travelling contact and fixed contact become open state; On the other hand, when above-mentioned electromagnet became excited state, the excitation power by surpassing above-mentioned travelling contact spring force made above-mentioned travelling contact move to prescribed direction, makes travelling contact and fixed contact become closure state, it is characterized in that,

When above-mentioned electromagnet changes non-excited state into from excited state, when above-mentioned travelling contact leaves fixed contact, this travelling contact surpasses this initial position and after the direction of leaving from fixed contact moves, utilize this stopper and be stopped at the assigned position that stopper exists, make the moving direction counter-rotating afterwards, and reset into above-mentioned initial position.

Images