CN1280383C - 一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气由多功能增效剂与烷烯烃按1-3‰的重量配比相混合而成。烷烯烃由轻烃气与重轻气按1∶(0-0.2)的配比混合而成。多功能增效剂由120#溶剂油、乙醇、甲基叔丁基醚、桐油、叔丁基二茂铁、环烷酸钠、环烷酸铜、氢氧化钾按一定比例配制而成。应用本发明能耗低、污染小、成本低、安全，火焰温度高于乙炔，完全能满足工业燃气要求，并适合在高寒地区及舰船上作业，节省燃气30%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及工业燃气技术领域，特别涉及一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气。
背景技术
多少年来人们普遍采用乙炔燃气来进行焊接、切割，直到现在国内至少有85％的用户仍在沿用乙炔，而乙炔能耗高、污染大、不安全、价格贵，生产一吨电石需耗电3600度和1吨焦碳，并产生3.3吨污染，同时排放硫化物和磷化物等有害气体。1瓶5公斤乙炔的成本为55元，成本很高。而且现用液化石油气工业燃气当环境温度低于-(15-20)℃且用气量大时，蒸发量供不应求，而且比空气重，在舰船上使用时，漏气易沉入舰船舱底部而不易排出，易发生爆燃事故。早在70年代，国外发达国家就已经开始用新型高效烷烃燃气来取代乙炔。近来国内有些单位也试图用水溶性添加剂来制造烷、烯烃焊割燃气，但性能欠佳：一是对金属的切割预热时间长；二是对黑色金属的熔接性能不达标，力学强度不够，氧化严重，用户难以接受。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能耗低、污染小、价格低、焊割性能好，对金属的切割预热时间短、不氧化的一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气由多功能增效剂与烷烯烃按1-3‰的重量配比相混合而成。烷烯烃由轻烃气与重烃气按1∶(0-0.2)的配比混合而成。多功能增效剂由120#溶剂油、乙醇、甲基叔丁基醚、桐油等液料和叔丁基二茂铁、环烷酸钠、环烷酸铜、氢氧化钾等粉料按一定比例配制而成。各成份的重量百分比为：120#溶剂油40-60％、乙醇15-30％、甲基叔丁基醚14-20％、桐油10-14％、叔丁基二茂铁2-5％、环烷酸钠2.5-5％、环烷酸铜1-3.5％、氢氧化钟0.5-1％。配方中120#溶剂油具有溶解粉料和助燃功能；乙醇具有溶解粉料和消烟功能；甲基叔丁基醚和叔丁基二茂铁具有使各有机成分溶合在一起、互不排斥不产生沉淀及增温功能，此外甲基叔丁基醚还具有防爆功能；桐油具有增加热值功能；环烷酸钠和环烷酸铜具有催化和增温功能；氢氧化钾具有中和功能，使燃气酸碱平衡，同时还具有增温功能。
本发明广泛应用于工业燃气、汽车燃气、工业窑炉。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
1、本工业燃气由于采用轻烃气作为基料气，并利用高能增效剂，即提高了燃气的蒸发性能，又提高了火焰温度，因此满足了各种环境(包括高寒地区)下工业燃气的使用要求，能在-45℃低温寒冬环境下使用。
2、由于本工业燃气比空气轻，漏气不会沉入舰船舱底部，克服了现用液化石油气在舰船上作业易发生爆燃的问题。
3、能耗低，3公斤本工业燃气顶5公斤一瓶乙炔用，节省燃气30％以上，节约氧气20％以上。
4、成本低，其成本仅为乙炔的1/4，焊割综合耗气成本比乙炔降低50％以上。
5、由于增效剂的催化、助燃作用，能使燃气充分燃烧而降低污染，有利于环保。
6、使用安全，爆炸极限范围仅为乙炔的1/8，压力仅为乙炔的1/4，不回火。
7、切割预热时间比乙炔短，切割断面光洁，对黑色金属的熔化焊接性能优于同类焊割气。
具体实施方式
一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气由多功能增效剂与烷烯烃按1-3‰的重量配比相混合而成，烷烯烃由轻烃气与重烃气按1∶(0-0.2)的配比混合而成。多功能增效剂由120#溶剂油、乙醇、甲基叔丁基醚、桐油等液料和叔丁基二茂铁、环烷酸钠、环烷酸铜、氢氧化钾等粉料按一定比例配制而成。实施时，首先将120#溶剂油、乙醇、甲基叔丁基醚、桐油等液料按一定比例倒入或用防爆泵泵入搅拌釜中并搅拌均匀，再将叔丁基二茂铁、环烷酸钠、环烷酸铜、氢氧化钾等粉料按一定比例倒入搅拌釜中并搅拌半小时左右，再静放24小时。然后通过搅拌釜侧壁上的阀门将清澈的溶液放入包装镀锌铁皮桶内，便制成多功能增效剂。再将重烃气与轻烃气按(0-0.2)∶1的比例用泵依次充装到工业气瓶或储气罐中。最后将多功能增效剂按1-3‰的重量配比用手压泵充装到工业气瓶中，或用计量泵充装到储气罐中即制成增效混合轻烃工业燃气。
实施例1(冬季用)
多功能增效剂配方(重量百分比)为：120#溶剂油40％、乙醇20％、甲基叔丁基醚18％、桐油12％、叔丁基二茂铁4％、环烷酸钠4.5％、环烷酸铜1％、氢氧化钾0.5％。
实施例2(夏季用)
多功能增效剂配方(重量百分比)为：120#溶剂油50％、乙醇15％、甲基叔丁基醚15％、桐油10％、叔丁基二茂铁2.5％、环烷酸钠3％、环烷酸铜3.5％、氢氧化钾1％。
上述配方在中原天燃气应用技术科研所试验证明：焊、割火焰温度达到了3410℃，能熔断钨电极；穿孔和开口预热时间比乙炔缩短50％左右，切割速度比乙炔提高15％左右，正火速度比乙炔快25％。
Claims (1)
1一种增效混合轻烃工业燃气，其特征在于：它由多功能增效剂与烷烯烃按1-3‰的重量配比相混合而成，其中烷烯烃气由轻烃气与重烃气按1∶0-0.2的配比混合而成；其中多功能增效剂的组成及其重量百分配比为：120#溶剂油40-60％、乙醇15-30％、甲基叔丁基醚14-20％、桐油10-14％、叔丁基二茂铁2-5％，环烷酸钠2.5-5％、环烷酸铜1-3.5％、氢氧化钾0.5-1％，其总和为100％。
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| CN102618340B (zh) * | 2012-04-11 | 2014-04-16 | 刘越 | 一种基于焦炉煤气的高效连铸切割气 |
| CN103614176A (zh) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-05 | 德阳恒博秸油科技有限公司 | 一种轻质烷烃的增效剂及其制备方法 |
| CN103710062B (zh) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-02-04 | 北京大通鸿业科技发展有限公司 | 一种高效天然气 |
| CN106520238B (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-09-15 | 广州阿多斯化工科技有限公司 | 一种工业窑炉和锅炉用燃气/燃油增效剂及其制备方法与应用 |
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