CN1279285C

CN1279285C - Basic material of rotary piston for compressor and its matched basic material of blade and lubricant

Info

Publication number: CN1279285C
Application number: CN 00125103
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈建芳; 苏志军; 杨军; 乐红胜; 赵潺; 刘春慧
Original assignee: Shanghai Hitachi Household Appliance Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Highly Electrical Appliances Co Ltd
Priority date: 2000-09-08
Filing date: 2000-09-08
Publication date: 2006-10-11
Anticipated expiration: 2020-09-08
Also published as: CN1316590A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a piston base material of an environmental-protection rotary compressor, a matched blade base material and a lubricant. The piston base material is nickel-chromium-molybdenum cast iron in which the content of nickel, the content of chromium and the content of molybdenum are purposely increased on the basis of the common gray cast iron; the blade base material is high-speed tool steel which is sulfurized and nitrided; the lubricant adopts alkyl benzene oil. The experiment indicates that when the piston made of the nickel-chromium-molybdenum cast iron, the blade treated in a sulfurizing and nitriding mode, the alkyl benzene oil and HFC refrigeration oil are combined jointly, the abrasion of the blade and the piston can be greatly reduced so as to greatly enhance the operation reliability of the compressor.

Description

The compressor that piston base material, basic material of blade and oiling agent mate mutually

Technical field

The present invention relates to air-conditioning, the cooling rotary compressor of refrigerator, refer to the environment protection type rotary compressor that piston base material, basic material of blade and oiling agent mate mutually especially.

Background technique

Rotary compressor obtains to use widely owing to its efficient height, volume are little, in light weight in recent years.Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of rotary compressor cylinder part, in cylinder 1, and eccentric configuration one cylindrical rolling piston 2, this piston 2 is tangent with the cylndrical surface of cylinder 1, form a crescent shape space, one is installed in blade 3 in the cylinder block chute under the effect of spring 4, is close to the cylndrical surface of piston 2.Described crescent-shaped space is divided into air aspiration cavity 5 and exhaust cavity 6.When the eccentric rotation of piston 2, the size of air aspiration cavity 5 and exhaust cavity 6 constantly changes, and the gas that sucks from intakeport 7 is discharged from relief opening 8 after compression.In this compressor, because the front end of blade 3 is close to the cylndrical surface of the piston 2 of rotation all the time, its contact segment is is very easily worn and torn, and therefore the material of described piston and blade and lubrication state thereof are most important to the reliability that improves compressor.

Original non-environment protection type rotary compressor, it generally is piston material with the common grey iron, with the Rapid Tool Steel is blade material, with CFC is refrigeration agent, with mineral oil is oiling agent, owing to contain the chlorine atom among the CFC, can form the wear-resisting metal chloride of one deck on the slide member surface, thereby can reduce the friction and wear of sliding parts.But CFC has been used as global environment problem to the destruction of ozonosphere.A kind of alternative refrigeration agent is not chloride HFC.Compare with CFC, although use HFC to alleviate,, make the lubrication property variation of the refrigeration agent and the oiling agent of compressor owing to not chloride atom among the HFC to environment damage, cause the wearing and tearing aggravation of blade and piston contact position, can't satisfy the reliability requirement of compressor.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is from preferred piston material, improve blade material and select oiling agent and start with, the environment protection type rotary compressor that a kind of piston base material, basic material of blade and oiling agent mate is mutually proposed, thereby improve the greasy property between blade and the piston, reduce the wearing and tearing of piston and blade, improve the reliability of compressor operating.

A kind of piston base material of the present invention, the environment protection type rotary compressor that basic material of blade and oiling agent mate mutually, mainly comprise a cylinder, eccentric configuration one cylindrical rolling piston in this cylinder, the cylndrical surface of this piston and cylinder is tangent, one is installed in blade in the chute of cylinder block under the effect of spring, the cylndrical surface of being close to described piston, this compressor is made refrigeration agent with not chloride environment protection type HFC, wherein said piston base material is a kind of Mo that strengthened in common grey iron, Ni, the nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron of Cr constituent content, in this cast iron, Ni is 0.2-0.4%, Cr is 0.5-1.0%, Mo is 0.15-0.40%, and described basic material of blade is a kind of through soaking the Rapid Tool Steel of sulphur nitriding treatment, and described oiling agent adopts alkylbenzene oil.

One group of chemical composition of described Rapid Tool Steel is: C is 0.8～0.9%, Si≤0.40%, Mn≤0.40%, P≤0.30%, S≤0.03%, Cr are 3.80～4.50%, and Mo is 4.50～5.50%, W is 5.50～6.70%, and V is 1.60～2.20%, and all the other are Fe.

The sulphur nitrogenation treatment technology that soaks of described Rapid Tool Steel blade is: (1) will be alkali metal salt heat tracing under 565 ± 5 ℃ of conditions of basic salt with sulfureted cyanic acid; (2) blade to be processed is immersed in the salt bath of fusing, near blade surface, form compound layer, be spread in the diffusion layer of mother metal at lower floor's formation nitrogen-atoms of this compound layer.

Described oiling agent alkylbenzene oil viscosity is 22 ± 10cSt.

The invention has the advantages that: owing in nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron matrix, be uniform-distribution with the hard carbide particle, material opposing adhesion and microcell deformation ability are strengthened, thereby improved the abrasion resistance properties of piston, simultaneously since Rapid Tool Steel through after soaking the sulphur nitriding treatment, the porous layer that the compound layer of generation is made up of sulphide and nitride and with Fe ₃N is that the single organized layer of the nitride of main component forms, can eliminate adhesive wear effectively and wear, improve the wear-resisting property of blade, and, the porous layer of being made up of sulphide and nitride has the effect of storing lubricant oil, and the crystalline structure of sulphide is a hexagonal shaped, easily shears, thereby has improved the greasy property of blade surface; So, when nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron piston, Rapid Tool Steel blade, alkylbenzene oil and HFC refrigeration agent through soaking the sulphur nitriding treatment use together, owing to mate mutually between them, can reduce blade and wearing for piston significantly, thereby improve the reliability of compressor operating greatly.Experimental results show that, after adopting the shared compressor of former common grey iron piston, Rapid Tool Steel blade, mineral oil and R407C (HFC's is a kind of) refrigeration agent to move continuously through longer-term, piston external diameter is indulged muscle, circularity seriously wears away, and blade front end circular arc direction and piston external diameter circumferencial direction have darker cut, and the blade front end seriously wears away.And will carry out compressor long term life operation test after nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron piston, Rapid Tool Steel blade and R407C refrigeration agent and alkylbenzene oil (AB oil) installation through soaking the sulphur nitriding treatment, blade and piston all do not have obvious abrasion, show under the prerequisite of using the R407C refrigeration agent, the combination of this piston, blade and alkylbenzene oil matches each other, have good abrasion resistance, can improve compressor movement reliability effectively.

Description of drawings

Now the invention will be further described in conjunction with an embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.

Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of rotary compressor cylinder part of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the complex carbide distribution map (deep etch, * 50) of iron phosphide eutectic for main component

Fig. 3 is graphite form and distribution map (not etch, * 100);

Wherein 3a, 3b, 3c are ASTM standard A type;

3d is ASTM standard (A+E) type;

3e is an ASTM standard C type;

3f is an ASTM standard E type;

Fig. 4 soaks top layer structure schematic representation behind the sulphur nitriding treatment for vanes.

Embodiment

In the present embodiment, the chemical composition that is used for the nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron of piston is: C is 3.0～3.6%, and Si is 1.8～2.4%, and Mn is 0.5～1.0%, P is 0.1～0.3%, and S＜0.15%, Ni are 0.2～0.4%, Cr is 0.5～1.0%, and Mo is 0.15～0.40%, and all the other are Fe.

Tensile strength requirement 〉=the 294MPa of this nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron, Rockwell hardness require, reach HRB95～108.In its tissue, matrix is a pearlite, is 3～6% based on the amount of separating out of the complex carbide of iron phosphide eutectic, and evenly distributes in matrix, sees Fig. 2, ferrite content≤3%.With the radially section of microscopic examination piston as seen, graphite is uniform sheet and distributes, its mean size is 4～6 grades of ASTM standards, wherein based on the A type (as Fig. 3 a, b, c) of ASTM standard, be distributed with the line and staff control of a spot of A+E type (as Fig. 3 d) and B type graphite, the area of C (as Fig. 3 e), D, E type (as Fig. 3 f) is below 1/3.

The chemical composition that is used for the Rapid Tool Steel of blade is: C is 0.8～0.9%, Si≤0.4%, Mn≤0.40%, P≤0.30%, S≤0.03%, Cr is 3.80～4.50%, Mo is 4.50～5.50%, and W is 5.50～6.70%, and V is 1.60～2.20%, all the other are Fe, and its hardness should reach HRC58～65.

The sulphur nitrogenation treatment technology that soaks of described Rapid Tool Steel blade is: (1) is alkali metal salt heat tracing under 565 ± 5 ℃ of conditions of basic salt with sulfureted cyanic acid (NCNO); (2) blade to be processed is immersed in the salt bath of fusing, near the blade top layer, form compound layer,, form the diffusion layer that nitrogen-atoms is spread in mother metal in the lower floor of this compound layer.

Below the porous layer 11a that described compound layer 11 is made up of sulphide and nitride and this porous layer with Fe ₃N is that the single 11b of organized layer of the nitride of main component forms, the thickness of compound layer≤30 μ m, and its lower floor is the diffusion layer 12 that nitrogen-atoms is spread in mother metal, referring to Fig. 4.The hardness of this diffusion layer should reach following requirement: blade is cut off in the direction perpendicular to length, use micro Vickers, load is 2.94N, and the measuring position should be more than HMV800 apart from the diffusion layer hardness of surperficial 30 μ m degree of depth places (seeing the A point place among Fig. 4).

Described oiling agent alkylbenzene oil (AB oil) absorbs water hardly, not hydrolysis, its low solubility helps reducing wearing and tearing, and anti-wear additive has better effect therein, can guarantee the oil return of system by using low viscous alkylbenzene oil, and generally selecting viscosity for use is 22 ± 10cSt.

Claims

1. piston base material, the environment protection type rotary compressor that basic material of blade and oiling agent mate mutually, mainly comprise a cylinder, eccentric configuration one cylindrical rolling piston in this cylinder, the cylndrical surface of this piston and cylinder is tangent, one is installed in blade in the chute of cylinder block under the effect of spring, the cylndrical surface of being close to described piston, this compressor is made refrigeration agent with not chloride environment protection type HFC, it is characterized in that described piston base material is a kind of Mo that strengthened in common grey iron, Ni, the nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron of Cr constituent content, in this cast iron, Ni is 0.2-0.4%, Cr is 0.5-1.0%, Mo is 0.15-0.40%, and described basic material of blade is a kind of through soaking the Rapid Tool Steel of sulphur nitriding treatment, and described oiling agent adopts alkylbenzene oil.

2. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 is characterized in that the tensile strength 〉=294MPa of described piston base material nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron, and Rockwell hardness HRB is 95-108.

3. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 and 2, the matrix that it is characterized in that described nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron is a pearlite, and the amount of separating out of complex carbide is 3-6%, and its main component is an iron phosphide eutectic, and the even distribution in matrix, ferrite content≤3%.

4. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the graphite in the described nickel chromium triangle molybdenum cast iron is uniform sheet distribution, its mean size is an ASTM standard 4-6 level, wherein based on the A type of ASTM standard, be distributed with the line and staff control of a spot of A+E type and B type graphite, the area of C, D, E type is below 1/3.

5. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1, the chemical composition that it is characterized in that described basic material of blade Rapid Tool Steel is: C is 0.8-0.9%, Si≤0.4%, Mn≤0.40%, P≤0.30%, S≤0.03%, Cr is 3.80-4.50%, and Mo is 4.50-5.50%, and W is 5.50-6.70%, V is 1.60-2.20%, and all the other are Fe.

6. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 or 5, the hardness that it is characterized in that described Rapid Tool Steel basic material of blade is HRC58-65.

7. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that the sulphur nitrogenation treatment technology that soaks of described Rapid Tool Steel blade is: (1) is alkali metal salt heat tracing under 565 ± 5 ℃ of conditions of basic salt with sulfureted cyanic acid; (2) blade to be processed is immersed in the salt bath of fusing, near blade surface, form compound layer,, form the diffusion layer that nitrogen-atoms is spread in mother metal in the lower floor of this compound layer.

8. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the porous layer that the compound series of strata of described Rapid Tool Steel blade surface are made up of sulphide and nitride, and be that the single organized layer of the nitride of main component forms with Fe3N below this porous layer, the thickness of this compound layer is less than 30 μ m.

9. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 7, the hardness that it is characterized in that described Rapid Tool Steel blade diffusion layer is more than HMV800, this hardness number records under the following conditions: in the direction perpendicular to length material is cut off, use micro Vickers, load is 2.94N, and the measuring position is apart from surperficial 30 μ m degree of depth places.

10. environment protection type rotary compressor according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oiling agent alkylbenzene oil viscosity is 22 ± 10cSt.