CN1276101C - Quenching bath for quenching operation by lifting and lowering liquid surface - Google Patents

Quenching bath for quenching operation by lifting and lowering liquid surface Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1276101C
CN1276101C CN 200410084737 CN200410084737A CN1276101C CN 1276101 C CN1276101 C CN 1276101C CN 200410084737 CN200410084737 CN 200410084737 CN 200410084737 A CN200410084737 A CN 200410084737A CN 1276101 C CN1276101 C CN 1276101C
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liquid
valve
quenching
inside groove
tank
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CN1616689A (en
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潘健生
陈乃录
刘占仓
张伟民
朱祖昌
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a quenching tank for quenching operation by lifting and lowering a liquid surface, which belongs to the field of heat treatment equipment. The quenching tank comprises an inner tank and an outer tank, wherein the circumference and the bottom of the inner tank are isolated from the outer tank. A fixed support frame is arranged in the inner tank; a pump and four independent switch valves are arranged among a liquid inlet pipeline of the inner tank, a liquid release pipeline of the inner tank, a liquid discharge pipeline and a liquid taking pipeline of the outer tank. An outlet pipeline of the pump comprises two branches, wherein one branch is used as a liquid inlet pipe communicated with the inner tank through a liquid inlet valve; the other branch is used as a liquid leak pipe communicated with the outer tank through the liquid leak valve. An inlet pipeline of the pump also comprises two branches, wherein one branch is used as a liquid discharge pipe communicated with the inner tank through a liquid discharge value; the other branch is used as a liquid taking pipe communicated with the outer tank through the liquid taking valve. The speed of lifting and lowing the liquid surface is greatly increased through the arrangement of the inner tank. Therefore, the time difference of the liquid cooling of workpieces along height direction is reduced, and the uniformity of workpiece cooling is enhanced. All components moving in the quenching tank can be saved.

Description

Carry out the quenching tank of hardening step by liquid level rising and decline
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-treatment quenching equipment, particularly a kind of quenching tank that carries out hardening step by liquid level rising and decline.Be used for the Equipment for Heating Processing field.
Background technology
Iron and steel is heated to austenitizing temperature, and cooling fast subsequently makes workpiece acquisition high rigidity, high-intensity thermal treatment process be called quenching.The workpiece of heat cools off (hereinafter to be referred as liquid cooling) in liquid medium be the most frequently used quenching and cooling method, and the open container of used Sheng hardening liquid is a quenching tank.Cause the temperature of hardening liquid to be elevated to the scope that allows above regulation for fear of the heat of bringing into because of heated work pieces, the weight of hardening liquid is about more than 1O times of workpiece weight in the quenching tank usually.In order to improve speed of cooling and homogeneity, can in quenching tank, dispose agitator, some factory disposes a fluid storage tank outside quenching tank, in quenching process, when the heat of bringing into when workpiece makes the groove temperature rise, with pump hardening liquid cold in the fluid storage tank is input in the quenching tank, the hardening liquid of heat then flows to fluid storage tank from overflow Kou rotation, hardening liquid flowing between quenching tank and fluid storage tank, only play a part liquid temperature in the regulating tank, liquid level variation is very little in the quenching process groove, when the liquid cooling stage begins, need when finishing, the liquid cooling stage liquid level need be proposed workpiece with in the workpiece dip quench liquid.
Find through literature search prior art, Chinese patent application number: 200310123799.5, denomination of invention: the controlled chilling equipment of immersion liquid and hydrojet combined quench, this patent disclosure a kind of medium that adopts inject fast controlled chilling equipment with discharge method immersion liquid and hydrojet combined quench, it adopts a fixed material carrier platform, the quick injected system of outer setting medium in the side on cell body top, opposite side on top is provided with the quick return-flow system of medium, the cover plate of energy move left and right is set on the top of quenching tank, the downward cooling jet of nozzle is set on the upper cover plate, bottom at material carrier platform is provided with nozzle upwards, and the advantage of this equipment is and can carries out hardening step by the rising and the decline of quenching tank liquid level.The shortcoming of this prior art is: 1) quenching tank must have enough big volume, the temperature rise of the quenchant in the quenching process groove is remained in the allowed band, yet the volume of quenching tank is bigger, it is also just slow to rise at liquid level when wherein injecting liquid, workpiece liquid cooling time phase difference up and down is also just big, is difficult to solve this contradiction; 2) two groups of nozzles up and down are set in above-mentioned conventional art, upper spray nozzle must be made move left and right along with cover plate when workpiece pass in and out, has increased the complicacy and the cost of structure, and down spout be arranged on material carrier platform below, install and maintenance relatively more difficult; 3) return-flow system is located at the top of cell body, has reduced the discharge opeing effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, propose a kind of quenching tank that carries out hardening step by the rising and the falling of liquid level.Make the liquid level of quenchant in its quenching tank remain on allowed band, the liquid level lift velocity when injecting liquid is improved, reduce workpiece liquid cooling time phase difference, satisfy the work-piece cools uniformity requirement.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, quenching tank of the present invention is divided into inside groove and water jacket, around the inside groove and bottom and water jacket are isolated, a fixed resting support is installed in the inside groove, advancing of inside groove, the row of drainage pipeline and water jacket, high-capacity pump of configuration and corresponding four independent valves that open and close between the liquid flowing tube road, the pump outlet pipeline has two branches, one of them is as liquid-inlet pipe, liquid-inlet pipe leads to inside groove through the feed liquor valve, another branch is as the drainage pipe, and the drainage pipe leads to water jacket through drainage valve, and also there are two branches in the pump intake piping road, one is as liquid discharge pipe, and liquid discharge pipe leads to inside groove through tapping valve.Another branch is as liquid flowing tube, and liquid flowing tube leads to water jacket through liquid taking valve.
Inside groove is made with steel sheet or copper coin or aluminium sheet, and its top is opened wide, can be by the heat exchange of steel plate (or copper, aluminium sheet) when heat conduction makes that the hardening liquid of water jacket can participate in quenching.The top of resting support is the zone that is used for place work piece, cancel upper and lower nozzle or with nozzle be arranged on workpiece around, liquid collecting and fluid storage tank can be set outside quenching tank also can be with water jacket double as fluid storage tank and liquid-collecting box.The feed liquor pipeline stretches into inside groove behind the feed liquor valve, the liquid flowing tube road extend into the bottom of water jacket behind liquid taking valve.Ejector priming just can inject inside groove with hardening liquid, and the liquid level of inside groove is risen rapidly.Simultaneously, nationality helps valve opening and closing and just the inside groove hardening liquid can be discharged the liquid level falling that makes inside groove.The cross section of inside groove is slightly larger than the workpiece put area, just because the cross section of inside groove is less, therefore the rising of inside groove liquid level can be very fast with falling, for example: if the diameter of place work piece is 0.5m, the inside groove diameter is 1m, water jacket is 3m, then under the identical situation of the flow of the hardening liquid that injects or discharge, internal diameter is set can makes the speed of liquid level rising or falling improve 11.6 times.Before preparing to begin quenching, earlier the inside groove liquid level is remained on the low liquid level that is lower than the resting support top slightly, already heated workpiece is put resting support, the zero hour in liquid cooling stage of quenching, open liquid-inlet pipe and liquid flowing tube, hardening liquid injects inside groove in a large number from water jacket, its liquid level is risen rapidly and with the workpiece submergence, realize workpiece liquid cooling operation, in the finish time in liquid cooling stage of quenching, turn-off liquid-inlet pipe and liquid flowing tube, open liquid discharge pipe and drainage pipe, the liquid level of inside groove is fallen back to rapidly below the top of resting support, realize the fluid operation of workpiece.
The present invention is by being provided with inside groove, accelerated the speed of the rising and the falling of liquid level greatly, therefore reduced the time difference of workpiece along the short transverse liquid cooling, improved the homogeneity of work-piece cools, excess liquid overflows into water jacket in the inside groove after liquid level rises to the inside groove top, then can play the effect of stirring, so the present invention can all omit the parts that move in the quenching tanks such as comprising quenching press elevator and agitator if after this continue to inside groove input quenching medium as hardening liquid.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 the present invention has the structural representation of bubbler
Fig. 3 the present invention has the structural representation of liquid-collecting box
Fig. 4 the present invention has the structural representation of bubbler and liquid-collecting box
Fig. 5 the present invention has the structural representation of liquid-collecting box and fluid storage tank
Wherein: inside groove 1, water jacket 2, resting support 3, workpiece 4, liquid-inlet pipe 5, feed liquor valve 6, drainage pipe 7, pump 8, spill valve 9, liquid discharge pipe 10, tapping valve 11, liquid taking valve 12, liquid flowing tube 13, bubbler 14, nozzle 15, rotation stream pipe 16, liquid-collecting box 18, liquid flowing tube 19, fluid storage tank 20, pump 21.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, quenching tank of the present invention is divided into inside groove 1 and water jacket 2, around the inside groove 1 and bottom and water jacket 2 are isolated, a fixed resting support 3 is installed in the inside groove 1, advancing of inside groove 1, the row of drainage pipeline and water jacket 2, high-capacity pump 8 of configuration and corresponding four independent valves that open and close between the liquid flowing tube road, the outlet conduit of pump 8 has two branches, one of them is as liquid-inlet pipe 5, liquid-inlet pipe 5 leads to inside groove 1 through feed liquor valve 6, another branch is as drainage pipe 7, and drainage pipe 7 leads to water jacket 2 through drainage valve 9, and the inlet duct of pump 8 also has two branches, one is as liquid discharge pipe 10, and liquid discharge pipe 10 leads to inside groove 1 through tapping valve 11.Another branch is as liquid flowing tube, and liquid flowing tube 13 leads to water jacket 2 through liquid taking valve 12.
Inside groove 1 usefulness steel sheet or copper coin or aluminium sheet are made, and its top is opened wide.Liquid-collecting box 18, fluid storage tank 20 can be set or with water jacket 2 double as liquid-collecting boxs 18, fluid storage tank 20 outside quenching tank.
Embodiment below is provided, technical solution of the present invention is done further to understand:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, quenching tank is divided into water jacket 2 and inside groove 1, and the resting support 3 of holding workpieces is installed in the inside groove 1, water jacket 2 double as fluid storage tanks 18 and liquid-collecting box 20.A high-capacity pump 8 of configuration and corresponding four valves that can independently open and close between the row of the advancing of inside groove 1, drainage pipeline and water jacket 2, liquid flowing tube road, the outlet conduit of pump 8 has two branches, one of them is as liquid-inlet pipe 5, the inside groove 1 that leads to quenching tank through feed liquor valve 6, another branch is as drainage pipe 7, process drainage valve 9 leads to the water jacket 2 of the usefulness of double as liquid-collecting box, and the inlet duct of pump 8 also has two branches, and one leads to the inside groove 1 of quenching tank through tapping valves 11 as liquid discharge pipe 10.The water jacket 2 of double as fluid storage tank is led in another branch through liquid taking valve 12 as liquid flowing tube 13.Open feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12 and close tapping valve 11 and drainage valve 9 and ejector priming 8, then hardening liquid enters inside groove 1 from water jacket 2, and the liquid level of quenching tank inside groove 1 is risen.Open tapping valve 11 and drainage valve 9, close feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12, start pump 8 and be discharged to water jacket 2, the liquid level of quenching tank is fallen after rise with regard to the hardening liquid that makes the quenching inside groove.Before beginning to quench, preparation make the liquid level of inside groove 1 remain on the low liquid level place that is lower than resting support 3 tops slightly, the quenching workpiece 4 of heat is put after the resting support 3, in the zero hour in liquid cooling stage, open feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12, close tapping valve 11 and drainage valve 9, hardening liquid injects inside groove 1 in a large number under the driving of pump 8, the liquid level of inside groove 1 promotes rapidly, high liquid level place to inside groove 1 top, with workpiece 4 submergences, realization quenching workpiece 4 is gone into the liquid operation, and excess liquid spills into water jacket 2 from inside groove 1 top.After the liquid cooling stage of quenching technology defined finishes, open tapping valve 11 and drainage valve 9, close feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12, the hardening liquid of inside groove 1 is discharged to water jacket 2 rapidly under the driving of pump 8, the liquid level of inside groove 1 falls back to the low liquid level place at the top of resting support 3 rapidly, realize the operation of quenching workpiece 4 fluids, the liquid cooling stage finishes.The start and stop of the open and close of each valve and pump 8, can be according to the regulation of quenching technology, compiled program is controlled automatically by computer or programmable logic controller, soak when realizing delayed quenching, delayed quenching, control quench, the automatic control of martemper and quenching self-tempering.
Undertaken on the quenching tank of hardening step by the rising of liquid level and the falling that descends, available three-way switch valve 17 substitutes feed liquor valve 6 and drainage valve 9 and liquid taking valve 12 and tapping valve 11 respectively.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 2, quenching tank is divided into inside groove 1 and water jacket 2, make water jacket 2 double as fluid storage tanks 18 and liquid-collecting box 20, the top of inside groove 1 is opened wide, fixed supporting frame 3 is installed in the inside groove 1, place work piece 4 above it, bubbler 14 is set around the zone, the nozzle 15 of bubbler 14 is towards workpiece, the quantity of bubbler and the liquid that can make ejection that distributes cover surface all around, workpiece 4 districts, pump 8 and four valves of a big flow of configuration in driving hardening liquid mobile pipeline, the outlet conduit of pump 8 has two branches, one of them is as liquid-inlet pipe 5, lead to bubbler 14 through feed liquor valve 6, water jacket 2 is led to as drainage pipe 7 through drainage valve 9 in another branch of the outlet of pump 8, and the inlet of pump 8 also has two branches, one leads to water jacket 2 as liquid flowing tube 13 through liquid taking valve 12, and another branch of pump intake feeds the below of quenching inside groove 1 through tapping valve 11 as liquid discharge pipe 10.
The operating process of its quenching is as follows: before preparing to begin quenching, the liquid level of Schilling quenching tank remains on the low liquid level place that is lower than resting support 3 tops slightly, need the heated work pieces 4 of quench cooled to be placed on after the resting support 3, in the zero hour in liquid cooling stage, open feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12, ejector priming 8 is pressed into bubbler 14 with hardening liquid, and sprays to workpiece 4 from nozzle 15.Meanwhile, the liquid level of inside groove 1 rises to the high liquid level (HLL) at inside groove 1 top rapidly, and with workpiece 4 submergences, realization quenching workpiece 4 is gone into the liquid operation.Excess liquid spills into water jacket 2 from inside groove 1 top.In the liquid cooling finish time of quenching technology defined, open tapping valve 11 and drainage valve 9, close feed liquor valve 6 and liquid taking valve 12, the hardening liquid in the inside groove 1 is discharged to water jacket 2 rapidly under the driving of pump 8.The liquid level of inside groove 1 falls back to the following low liquid level place of end face of resting support 3 rapidly, realizes the operation of workpiece 4 fluids, and the liquid cooling stage promptly comes to an end.,, can improve cooling uniformity better and improve cooling power in 4 submerged liquid cooling stages at workpiece than general stirring means if continuation is imported hardening liquids to bubbler 14 then can be made the steam film on workpiece 4 surfaces accelerate to break.Feed liquor valve 6 can substitute with a three-way switch valve as shown in Figure 2, draw Yi rotation stream pipe from three-way switch valve, lead to water jacket 2, before beginning to quench, preparation opens liquid taking valve 12 earlier, three-way switch valve is in the state that flows to water jacket 2, pump 8 starts in advance makes hardening liquid be back to water jacket 2, in the zero hour in liquid cooling stage, T-valve to be switched to lead to bubbler 14 directions, bubbler 14 sprays to workpiece 4 with a large amount of hardening liquids immediately, can avoid pump 8 start-up courses and the hydrojet hysteresis phenomenon that causes.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 3, quenching tank is divided into inside groove 1 and water jacket 2, isolated around the inside groove 1 with bottom and water jacket 2, inside groove 1 top is opened wide, fixed supporting frame 3 is installed in the inside groove 1, resting support 3 over top are place work piece 4 zones, a liquid-collecting box 18 is set outside quenching tank, the high liquid level (HLL) of liquid-collecting box 18 is lower than resting support 3 tops, high-capacity pump 8 of configuration in liquid-inlet pipe 5 tunnel, and the outlet of pump 8 is a liquid-inlet pipe 5, one end of liquid-inlet pipe 5 extend in the inside groove 1 by feed liquor valve 6, the inlet of pump 8 is provided with liquid flowing tube 19, leads to liquid-collecting box 18 through liquid taking valve 12, and the liquid discharge pipe 10 of drawing from inside groove 1 bottom leads to liquid-collecting box 18 through tapping valve 11.
Before beginning to quench, preparation make the liquid level of inside groove 1 remain on the low liquid level that is lower than resting support 3 tops slightly, already heated quenching workpiece 4 is placed on the fixed supporting frame 3, in quenching liquid cooling zero hour in stage, ejector priming 8, extract hardening liquid from liquid-collecting box 18 and be injected into inside groove 1, make the liquid level of inside groove 1 rise to the high liquid level at inside groove 1 top rapidly, with workpiece 4 submergences, that has realized quenching workpiece 4 goes into liquid operation, excess liquid is overflow to water jacket 2 from inside groove 1 top, flows to the liquid-collecting box 18 from water jacket 2 overflow grooves and upflow tube 16 rotation.In quenching liquid cooling finish time in stage, make pump 8 stop, opening tapping valve 11, hardening liquid enters liquid-collecting box 18 in the inside groove 1, and inside groove 1 liquid level falls back to rapidly below resting support 3 tops, finishes the fluid operation of quenching workpiece.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 4, on the basis of embodiment 3, a bubbler 14 is set around inside groove 1 resting support 3 over top workpiece rest areas, its nozzle 15 is towards workpiece 4, the outlet of pump 8 is passed into injector 14 through liquid-inlet pipe 5 and feed liquor valve 6, hardening liquid enters inside groove 1 from injector 14 during fluid injection, and the inlet of pump 8 leads to liquid-collecting box 18 by liquid flowing tube 19 and liquid taking valve 12.
Embodiment 5:
As shown in Figure 5, quenching tank is separated into inside groove 1 and water jacket 2, in, around the water jacket 2 and bottom is spaced from each other, resting support 3 is installed in the inside groove 1, the top at its top is the zone of place work piece, liquid-inlet pipe 5 directly is passed into the below of inside groove 1, be connected with supercharging fluid storage tank 20 through feed liquor valve 6, supercharging fluid storage tank 20 can position (making its bottom be higher than the overflow groove of quenching tank) forms and the pressure difference of quenching tank by improving, or the supercharging fluid storage tank of employing air hermetic, airtight or supercharging fluid storage tank can place on the ground, and high pressure gas form and the pressure difference of quenching tank to wherein feeding.Liquid discharge pipe 10 also directly is passed into the bottom of inside groove 1, is connected with liquid-collecting box 18 through tapping valve 11.The high liquid level (HLL) of liquid-collecting box 18 is lower than the top of resting support 3.Have a upflow tube 16 to lead to liquid-collecting box in water jacket 2, disposing a pump 21 can send back to the liquid in the liquid-collecting box 18 in the fluid storage tank 20.
In the above-described embodiments, the keying of all valves and the startup of pump all can be controlled automatically by computer or programmable logic controller, just can realize the automatic rising and the falling of the liquid in the quenching tank, according to the time in liquid cooling stage of quenching technology defined, soaking time of the feed liquor fluid of quenching or martemper when the time of pre-cool time or delay quenching or control repeatedly intakes time of water outlet, the operation program of each valve of establishment such as the fluid time of self-tempering and pump just can be realized single-stage quenching, delayed quenching (delayed quenching), soak during control and quench, martemper, the automatic control of different hardening steps such as quenching self-tempering.With the rotating speed of computer, can regulate the speed of cooling of control workpiece in the liquid cooling stage according to the program of setting by computer by frequency transformer adjusting pump.
All can under the control of computer (maybe can compile under the controller same), realize automated operation for above embodiment, liquid level sensor is set in quenching tank, and its signal is input in the computer, in conjunction with above-mentioned computer and programable control, can realize the workpiece selective hardening automatically, reach quenching technology processes such as the partial quenching self-tempering of workpiece.Can also regulate the cooling power of the Flow-rate adjustment hardening liquid of pump in the liquid cooling stage automatically.
The invention has the advantages that: quenching workpiece is placed on the quenching tank fixed supporting frame, by the liter of liquid level Hardening step is finished in high and decline, and quenching tank is divided into inside groove and water jacket, has accelerated the liquid level rising or has fallen speed after rise Degree has improved the uniformity of cooling, has overcome in original technology because of the liquid level rate of climb and falling speed to make slowly Become the up and down even shortcoming of inhomogeneous cooling of workpiece. The present invention has cancelled and has comprised quenching press, agitator, portable spray The parts that mouth etc. need to move in quenching liquid. Avoided the traditional existing cost height of mechanical quenching tank, easily The shortcomings such as damage, fault rate height, maintenance difficulty. And the present invention is convenient to realize the automation of hardening step Control, visible the present invention has substantial technological progress.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of quenching tank that carries out hardening step by liquid level rising and decline, it is characterized in that, be divided into inside groove (1) and water jacket (2), around the inside groove (1) and bottom and water jacket (2) are isolated, a fixed resting support (3) is set in the inside groove (1), advancing of inside groove (1), the row of drainage pipeline and water jacket (2), a configuration high-capacity pump (8) and corresponding four independent valves that open and close between the liquid flowing tube road, the outlet conduit of pump (8) has two branches, one of them is as liquid-inlet pipe (5), liquid-inlet pipe (5) leads to inside groove (1) through feed liquor valve (6), another branch is as drainage pipe (7), drainage pipe (7) leads to water jacket (2) through drainage valve (9), the inlet duct of pump (8) also has two branches, one is as liquid discharge pipe (10), liquid discharge pipe (10) leads to inside groove (1) through tapping valve (11), and another branch is as liquid flowing tube, and liquid flowing tube (13) leads to water jacket (2) through liquid taking valve (12).
2, according to claim 1 rise and descend by liquid level carry out the quenching tank of hardening step, it is characterized in that inside groove (1) is made with steel sheet or copper coin or aluminium sheet, its top is opened wide.
3, according to claim 1 rise and descend by liquid level carry out the quenching tank of hardening step, it is characterized in that, substitute feed liquor valve (6) and drainage valve (9), liquid taking valve (12) and tapping valve (11) respectively with three-way switch valve.
4, the quenching tank that carries out hardening step by liquid level rising and decline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, around fixed supporting frame (3) top place work piece (4) zone, bubbler (14) is set, the nozzle (15) of bubbler (14) is towards workpiece (4), bubbler (14) is led in the outlet of pump (8), feed bubbler (14) before through a three-way switch valve at liquid-inlet pipe (5), draw a return line, lead to water jacket (2) from three-way switch valve.
5, the quenching tank that carries out hardening step by liquid level rising and decline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, Controlling System adopts an industrial computer or programmable logic controller, liquid level sensor is set in quenching tank, its signal is input in industrial computer or the programmable logic controller, connect pump and valve by industrial computer or programmable logic controller output terminal, control all valves open and close and the operation of pump with stop.
CN 200410084737 2004-12-02 2004-12-02 Quenching bath for quenching operation by lifting and lowering liquid surface Expired - Fee Related CN1276101C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN1276101C true CN1276101C (en) 2006-09-20

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101580891B (en) * 2009-06-25 2011-04-06 上海交通大学 Quenching tank provided with combined type current limiting plate
CN102965480B (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-03-05 上海交通大学 Method and equipment for quenching and cooling thick-walled steel pipe
EP3467164A1 (en) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-10 Spiber Technologies AB Method and device for protein fiber production
CN115821016B (en) * 2023-02-17 2023-05-23 江苏万诱引力不锈钢科技有限公司 Fastener heat treatment cooling device

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