CN1275803C - Automobile collision buffer protector - Google Patents
Automobile collision buffer protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN1275803C CN1275803C CN 200410027220 CN200410027220A CN1275803C CN 1275803 C CN1275803 C CN 1275803C CN 200410027220 CN200410027220 CN 200410027220 CN 200410027220 A CN200410027220 A CN 200410027220A CN 1275803 C CN1275803 C CN 1275803C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a secure protection device for collision of automobiles, which provides an automobile collision buffering protector which comprises a safety rod, a buffer spring, a hydraulic telescopic bars, an energy dissipating oil tank, energy dissipating oil pipes, electromagnetic control unidirectional check valves, etc. A balancer is respectively connected with braking energy releasing openings and resetting balance openings of the two hydraulic telescopic bars, the electromagnetic control unidirectional check valves are serially connected to each oil returning and resetting pipe (according to accompanying diagram), and the buffer spring is a cylindrical helical spring with unequal intervals or a vortical conical spring. The present invention solves the problems that the collision buffering protective action of the existing automobile can not be improved with the increase of the automobile speed; a driver can not brake and close a throttle in time when the automobile is crashed; the automobile can turn because of unbalanced stress when the automobile is crashed; the secondary collision can occur caused by rebound of a bumper when the collision stops, and the bumper deforms because of automatic restoration. The buffering protection speed for automobiles can be improved to 80 km/h by the present invention; the present invention has the advantage of simple structure, and is suitable for being installed on automobile heads or automobile tails of any automobile.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to car collision security protection equipment.
Background technology
The collision safety fender guard of the automobile employing of producing in the world at present has: the engine room of bumper/spoiler, passive energy-absorbing (F/F), safety air bag and safety strap; Bumper/spoiler is fixedly installed to the headstock and the tailstock, can only play slight protective effect; When head-on crash takes place; safety air bag can only be protected the head safety of human body; safety strap is fixed on the people on the seat; can only prevent that human body from flying out outside the car; the engine room of passive energy-absorbing can only passive energy-absorbing; can not recover (breaking-up) after bumping, as long as bigger collision takes place, just can car crash.Present best automobile, personal safety impingement designed speed per hour is 50 kilometers/hour; Perfect day by day along with freeway net, the time of driving is more and more at a high speed, a chain of accident of colliding takes place and happens occasionally in big greasy weather express highway, casualty numbers are startling, the country of picture U.S. traffic prosperity, that dies from traffic accident every year just reaches people more than 40,000, and what China died from traffic accident every year just reaches 100,000 people; Therefore, in order to reduce personal injury and the property damage that causes because of collision, be badly in need of improving the collision safety performance of automobile.Having occurred the automobile-used energy-absorbing of PLZIV type now again releases the energy shock absorber, claps three grades of shock absorbers of car and cylinder type buffer protection device; These all have certain guarantor's car to protect people's effect; but; still fail to solve problem that the buffering automobile collision protective effect can not improve with the raising of the speed of a motor vehicle, can not in time brake when bumping and close the problem of throttle, when bumping because of being subjected to force unbalance to cause the problem of overturning, and the resilience of bumper/spoiler causes the problem of secondary collision and the problem of self-recovery distortion when stopping to collide.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that existing automobile collision protector exists, design a kind of buffering automobile collision protector, the present invention is installed in headstock and/or tailstock use, can reach following effect: 1. during auto against,, can both balancedly disperse impulsive force rapidly no matter be the bump of any direction of the headstock tailstock, prolong the time that collision takes place, reduce the concentrated stress of collision contact, antidumping, do not damage, can the self-recovery distortion; 2. buffer protection function is brought up to (as 80 kilometers/hour) class at a high speed, has better guarantor's car and protects people's effect.
The present invention realizes by following scheme:
A kind of buffering automobile collision protector; include assemblies such as safety lever, recoil spring, hydraulically extensible rod, energy dissipating fuel tank and oil pipe and electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve; the hydraulically extensible rod is set with recoil spring; be connected with the front end moveable hinge of hydraulically extensible rod near the two ends of safety lever; the two ends of hydraulically extensible rod are provided with brake and release the energy mouth and the balance port that resets, and it is characterized in that:
One balancing device is arranged, it is provided with inner chamber, be provided with balance wheel in the inner chamber, left side oil inlet and right oil inlet, left side oil outlet pipe and right oil outlet pipe and middle oil outlet pipe are communicated with inner chamber respectively, the deflection automatically under the oil pressure of left oil inlet and right oil inlet promotes of balance wheel in the inner chamber, take this to realize distribution to the oil pump capacity of left oil outlet pipe and right oil outlet pipe and middle oil outlet pipe: when about during two oil inlet oil-feeds simultaneously, their difference of pressure can influence the oil pump capacity of each oil outlet pipe, when their difference of pressure is zero, about two oil outlet pipes not fuel-displaced, all fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe, when their difference of pressure is non-vanishing, the cooresponding oil outlet pipe in one side that oil inlet pressure is little is not fuel-displaced, and is fuel-displaced from cooresponding oil outlet pipe in the big one side of oil inlet pressure and middle oil outlet pipe, and the fuel-displaced ratio of middle oil outlet pipe increases with the input pressure difference and reduces;
Respectively balancing device done following connection into and out of oil pipe with oil pipe:
Left side oil inlet is released and can be connected by mouth with the brake of the second hydraulically extensible rod,
Right oil inlet is released and can be connected by mouth with the brake of the first hydraulically extensible rod,
The balance port that resets of the left side oil outlet pipe and the first hydraulically extensible rod is connected;
The balance port that resets of the right oil outlet pipe and the second hydraulically extensible rod is connected;
The centre oil outlet pipe is connected with energy dissipating fuel tank, gas control mouth, brake control mouth.
Described recoil spring is not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring or whirlpool awl spring.
Described electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve can adopt the scheme that solenoid electric valve and one way stop peturn valve are connected in parallel or both are incorporated in a scheme in the valve body and solve.
The present invention is further illustrated with accompanying drawing below:
The drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is an organigram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention;
Scheme drawing when Fig. 3 is installed in the headstock tailstock for the present invention;
Fig. 4 .1～4.8 are balancing device design drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a hydraulically extensible rod design drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an energy dissipating fuel tank design drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is an electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve design drawing;
Fig. 8 is the safety lever scheme drawing;
Fig. 9 .1 and 9.2 is that bumper guard changes scheme drawing before and after the auto against.
The specific embodiment
A kind of buffering automobile collision protector as shown in Figure 1, include safety lever 1, isometric circle cylindrical helical spring (or whirlpool awl spring) 2 not, the hydraulically extensible rod, assemblies such as energy dissipating fuel tank 8 and oil pipe 9 and electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3, the hydraulically extensible rod is divided into first hydraulically extensible rod, the 4 and second hydraulically extensible rod 4 ', their piston rods separately are respectively installed with not isometric circle cylindrical helical spring (or whirlpool awl spring) 2, the two ends of safety lever 1 are neighbouring adopts the hemisphere face moveable hinge to be connected with the expansion link front end of hydraulically extensible rod, and the two ends of first hydraulically extensible rod, the 4 and second hydraulically extensible rod 4 ' are respectively equipped with brake and release the energy mouth 4.2 and the balance port 4.1 that resets;
One balancing device 7 is arranged, its structure is shown in Fig. 4 .1～4.8, it is provided with inner chamber, be provided with balance wheel 7.7 in the inner chamber, left oil inlet 7.1 and right oil inlet 7.2 are arranged, left side oil outlet pipe 7.4 and right oil outlet pipe 7.5 and middle oil outlet pipe 7.3 are communicated with inner chamber respectively, the deflection automatically under the oil pressure of left oil inlet 7.1 and right oil inlet 7.2 promotes of balance wheel 7.7 in the inner chamber, take this to realize distribution: when left oil inlet 7.1 and 7.2 oil-feeds simultaneously of right oil inlet to the oil pump capacity of left oil outlet pipe 7.4 and right oil outlet pipe 7.5 and middle oil outlet pipe 7.3, their difference of pressure can influence the oil pump capacity of each oil outlet pipe, a left side, when the difference of pressure of right two oil inlets is zero, shown in Fig. 4 .5, a left side oil outlet pipe 7.4 and right oil outlet pipe 7.5 are not fuel-displaced, and be all fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe 7.3.When the difference of pressure of left and right two oil inlets is non-vanishing, the cooresponding oil outlet pipe in one side that oil inlet pressure is little is not fuel-displaced, fuel-displaced from cooresponding oil outlet pipe in the big one side of oil inlet pressure and middle oil outlet pipe, the fuel-displaced ratio of middle oil outlet pipe increases with the input pressure difference and reduces;
Shown in Fig. 4 .6, the pressure of left side oil inlet 7.1 is greater than the pressure of right oil inlet 7.2, balance wheel 7.7 deflection to the right, left oil inlet 7.1 and left oil outlet pipe 7.4 are communicated with, the oil-feed of left side oil inlet 7.1 has part to enter left oil outlet pipe 7.4, there is part to enter middle oil outlet pipe 7.3, oil outlet pipe 7.3 in the middle of the oil-feed of right oil inlet 7.2 all enters, right oil outlet pipe 7.5 is not fuel-displaced.
Similarly, when the pressure of right oil inlet 7.2 pressure greater than left oil inlet 7.1, balance wheel 7.7 deflection left, right oil inlet 7.2 and right oil outlet pipe 7.5 are communicated with, the oil-feed of right oil inlet 7.2 has part to enter right oil outlet pipe 7.5, there is part to enter middle oil outlet pipe 7.3, oil outlet pipe 7.3 in the middle of the oil-feed of left oil inlet 7.1 all enters, left oil outlet pipe 7.4 is not fuel-displaced.
Respectively the left oil inlet 7.1 of balancing device 7 is released and can be connected by mouth with the brake of the second hydraulically extensible rod 4 ' with oil pipe 9; The right oil inlet 7.2 of balancing device 7 is released and can be connected by mouth 4.2 with the brake of the first hydraulically extensible rod 4; The left oil outlet pipe 7.4 of balancing device 7 balance port 4.1 that resets by the electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 and the first hydraulically extensible rod 4 is connected; The right oil outlet pipe 7.5 of balancing device 7 is connected by the balance port that resets of electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 with the second hydraulically extensible rod 4 '; The middle oil outlet pipe 7.3 of balancing device 7 is connected with energy dissipating fuel tank 8, gas control mouth 5, brake control mouth 6, gas control 5 is connected with the gas control system by the electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve, and brake control mouth 6 is connected with brake system by the electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve.
Further specify principle of work of the present invention in conjunction with Fig. 2:
(1) when collides on schedule in automobile generation front, bumper/spoiler 1 at first contacts with the collision thing, obtain and the identical speed of collision thing, the not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring of two hydraulically extensibles rod 4 and 4 ' or whirlpool awl spring 2 about bumper/spoiler 1 balancedly compresses then, spring 2 produces the power F1=k ∫ dx (elasticity modulus of k----spring opposite with the automobile sport direction, along with when collision compression of spring speed increase and increase effective compression distance of x---spring); Hydraulic oil in the piston extruding rodless cavity in the hydraulically extensible rod 4 and 4 ', produce the power F2 opposite with the automobile sport direction, F2 can increase along with the speed of when collision piston extruding and increase (increasing along with the increase of speed at time of impact), at this moment, hydraulically extensible rod 4 and 4 ' suffered F1 in the left and right sides all equates, hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of hydraulically extensible rod 4 and 4 ' enters by the left oil inlet and the right oil inlet of balancing device 7, the pressure of left side oil inlet and right oil inlet equates, hydraulic oil is all derived by middle oil outlet pipe, a part imports brake system through brake control mouth 6 and makes braking automobile, produce the friction force F3 opposite with the automobile sport direction, a part makes automobile close throttle through gas control mouthful 5 importing throttle control systems, engine retard, produce the friction force F4 of engine piston and piston cylinder, remaining hydraulic oil imports energy dissipating fuel tank 8 by oil pipe 9, is stored in 8 li of energy dissipating fuel tanks after the energy dissipating through the energy dissipating ball; At this moment, along with the motion forward of hydraulically extensible rod inner carrier, rod chamber produces negative pressure, and the hydraulic oil of energy dissipating fuel tank 8 is inhaled into rod chamber, makes it not produce vacuum.
Speed very big (as more than 80 kilometers/hour) when bumping, piston can move to be released that brake can seal (Fig. 5) by mouth 4.2, forms leakproof tank, and (this power maximum can reach the ultimate strength of hydraulically extensible rod can to produce huge cushion effect F5, but when design, only make the safety factor deposit).
When collision finishes, electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 prevents that the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber from refluxing, and forms leakproof tank, stops piston resilience under the elastic force F1 effect of not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring or whirlpool awl spring 2, thereby reach the repulsion that stops bumper/spoiler, prevent the generation of secondary collision.
After collision finishes, the driver is parked in safe place to car, press electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 switches, remove the non-return effect of each check valve, bumper/spoiler 1 and hydraulically extensible rod set back under the effect of not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring or whirlpool awl spring 2, and throttle control system and brake system are also recovered original appearance.
(2) when automobile generation face side point collides (shown in Fig. 2 hollow arrow), the left side of bumper/spoiler 1 at first contacts with the collision thing, obtain and the identical speed of collision thing, 1 moment of bumper/spoiler is unevenly compressed equidistant cylindrically coiled spring or the whirlpool awl spring 2 on left and right sides hydraulically extensible rod 4 ' and 4 then, more from the hydraulically extensible rod 4 ' compression that rum point is near, from hydraulically extensible rod 4 compressions that rum point is far away a little less (or basic not compression), they release the pressure that can mouthful hydraulic oil of discharging imports the oil inlet on the balancing device 7 by brake in short-term inequality can occur, the pressure of left side oil inlet 7.1 is big, the pressure of right oil inlet 7.2 is little, balance wheel about 7.7 in the balancing device 7 is subjected to force unbalance, balance wheel 7.7 rotations, the rod chamber of the hydraulic oil of left oil inleting port 7.1 on left oil outlet pipe 7.4 importing another side hydraulically extensible rods 4, under the effect of hydraulic coupling, piston on the hydraulically extensible rod 4 moves forward, hydraulic oil in the extruding rodless cavity, hydraulic oil in its rodless cavity is released the energy mouthful 4.2 right oil inlets 7.2 that import on the balancing devicees 7 by brake, the middle oil outlet pipe 7.3 that enters balance 7 is discharged, thereafter, part hydraulic oil imports throttle control system by Throttle Opening Control mouth 5 makes automobile close throttle, part hydraulic oil makes braking automobile by brake control mouthful 6 importing brake control systems, remaining hydraulic oil imports energy dissipating fuel tank 8, is stored in 8 li of energy dissipating fuel tanks after the energy dissipating through the energy dissipating ball; Balancing device 7 is along with the pressure of right oil inlet 7.2 increases, balance wheel 7.7 on the balancing device 7 can circle round, the fuel-displaced of left side oil outlet pipe 7.4 can reduce, the fuel-displaced of middle oil outlet pipe 7.3 can increase, the pressure of left oil inlet 7.1 and right oil inlet 7.2 is equated, balance wheel 7.7 on the balancing device 7 is in state of equilibrium again, and whole hydraulic oil of left and right oil inlet are derived by middle oil outlet pipe 7.3;
When said process took place, the piston rod pulling bumper/spoiler 1 compression recoil spring on the hydraulically extensible rod 4 finally made the amount of spring compression on the hydraulically extensible rod 4 and 4 ' equate, make on the hydraulically extensible rod 4 and 4 ' F1 each equate, prevent vehicle side turning; F3, F4, F5 are identical with the situation when colliding on schedule.
Characteristics of the present invention have:
The raising of the speed of a motor vehicle when energy-absorbing function of 1. equidistant cylindrically coiled spring or whirlpool awl spring 2, hydraulically extensible rod 4 can bump along with automobile and improve (buffer action can improve along with the raising of the speed of a motor vehicle);
2. electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 can in time seal the hydraulic oil of hydraulically extensible rod 4 rod chambers after collision, prevents that the rapid resilience of spring from causing the generation of secondary collision;
When 3. automobile bumped, Throttle Opening Control mouth 5 was a part of hydraulic oil importing throttle control system, and energy is the closing automobile throttle rapidly, and brake control mouth 6 brakes automobile rapidly; And when not bumping, by the electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve throttle control system and brake system and automatic buffer protector are separated, they are worked independently of one another, do not disturb mutually;
4. balancing device 7 can make impact force balancedly be dispersed on the automobile, prevents the overturning that the side collision of the headstock tailstock causes because of discontinuity equalization;
5. energy dissipating fuel tank 8 can in time clear up the hydraulic pressure kinetic energy that the impact the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge of hydraulically extensible rod 4 absorptions transforms;
6. after removing the non-return effect of electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve, automobile can recover original appearance.
Be further described with regard to hydraulically extensible rod, balancing device, energy dissipating fuel tank, electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve and safety lever below, so that understand the present invention better:
The structure of hydraulically extensible rod and principle of work:
The structure of hydraulically extensible rod as shown in Figure 5, its principle of work is considered in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the hydraulically extensible rod is a cylindrical cylinder barrel 4.6, the one end sealing of cylinder barrel 4.6, one end opening, cylinder barrel 4.6 is provided with brake by closed end and releases energy mouth 4.2, cylinder barrel 4.6 is provided with the balance port 4.1 that resets by open end, cylinder barrel 4.6 is built-in with the piston rod 4.4 of being longer than cylinder barrel, the inner that piston rod 4.4 is positioned at cylinder barrel 4.6 connects a piston 4.5, the outer end of piston rod 4.4 is stretched out cylinder barrel 4.6 and is provided with and safety lever bonded assembly pin hole 4.8, and the open end of cylinder barrel 4.6 connects envelope with threaded connection 4.3.
The termination that piston rod 4.4 contacts with safety lever 1 is a semisphere, making becomes semisphere hinge property with safety lever 1 and is connected, during connection, it is more bigger that the hemisphere hole of bumper/spoiler 1 and pin hole are wanted, interior pad rubber band, make piston rod 4.4 be connected seamless with bumper/spoiler 1, unlikely making a noise during vehicle ', taking place non-ly to allow bumper/spoiler 1 that a small amount of stretching is arranged when colliding on schedule, not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring of piston rod 4.4 overcoats or whirlpool awl spring 2, the length of piston rod 4.4 and spring 2 theoretical principle part below describes in detail again, and general effective compression distance should be not less than 20cm.Divide three kinds of service conditions: (1) bumper/spoiler 1 compression piston bar 4.4, piston rod 4.4 promotes the hydraulic oil in the piston extruding rodless cavity, produce cushion effect F2, bumper/spoiler 1 compression spring 2 produces elastic force F1, hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity is released and can be discharged by mouth by brake, and rod chamber sucks the hydraulic oil in the energy dissipating fuel tank 8, after the collision, electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 prevents that the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber from flowing back to the energy dissipating fuel tank, prevents the resilience of bumper/spoiler under the effect of spring force F1; After the driver confirms safety, press electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve 3 switches, bumper/spoiler 1 sets back under the effect of spring force F1.(2) balance port that resets that imports on the other hydraulically extensible rod of the hydraulic oil that is come out by the oil outlet pipe 7.3 of balancing device 7 enters rod chamber, promoting piston under the pressure effect of hydraulic oil moves forward, hydraulic oil in the extruding rodless cavity produces cushion effect F2, piston rod 4.4 pulling bumper/spoilers 1 compression spring 2 on the piston, produce elastic force F1, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity is released by brake can mouthful discharge.(3) bumper/spoiler 1 and enter thrust combined action that rod chamber produces from the hydraulic oil that balancing device 7 oil outlet pipes come out and promote piston down and move forward, the hydraulic oil in the extruding rodless cavity produces cushion effect F2, and bumper/spoiler 1 compression spring 2 produces elastic force F1.
The structure of electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve and principle of work:
The electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve can adopt the method for one way stop peturn valve and electromagnetic valve parallel connection to solve, also it can be designed all-in-one-piece electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve, principle of design as shown in Figure 7, it has a valve body 3.0, be provided with cavity in the valve body 3.0, there is a dividing plate 3.7 that cavity is separated into oil suction chamber and goes out oil pocket two parts, have two valve openings on the dividing plate 3.7, one is one way stop peturn valve hole 3.71 and one way stop peturn valve plate 3.5 is installed, one is electromagnetism valve opening 3.72 and electromagnetic control spool 3.4 is installed, the two ends of valve body 3.0 are respectively equipped with liquid inlet 3.01 and the liquid outlet 3.02 that is communicated with cavity, during use, liquid inlet 3.01 and liquid outlet 3.02 are connected respectively on the instrumentation tubes, make liquid 3.01 enter inner chamber from the liquid inlet, flow out from liquid outlet 3.02 by one way stop peturn valve 3.5 backs, electromagnetic valve 3.4 is closed and is not worked, when and need liquid from liquid outlet 3.02 when counter-flow is made in liquid inlet 3.01, can be with electromagnetic valve coil 3.3 energisings, electromagnetic valve core 3.4 is opened, abdicated the flow direction oil suction chamber of oil pocket and 3.01 outflows from the liquid inlet.Among Fig. 7,3.1-electromagnetic valve coil power lead, 3.2-electromagnetic valve retracing spring, 3.3-electromagnetic valve coil, 3.6-check valve retracing spring, 3.9-electromagnetic valve component assembly cavity.
The structure of balancing device and principle of work:
The structure of balancing device is shown in Fig. 4 .1～4.8, wherein Fig. 4 .1 is the front outside drawing, Fig. 4 .2 is a left view, Fig. 4 .3 is a block diagram, Fig. 4 .4 is that the b-b of Fig. 4 .1 is to cutaway view, Fig. 4 .5 and Fig. 4 .6 be the a-a of Fig. 4 .2 to cutaway view, Fig. 4 .7 is the front view of balance wheel, Fig. 4 .8 is the left view of balance wheel.
Balancing device is a cylindrical seal housing 7.0, be divided into counter balance pocket 7a and control chamber 7b two parts of being interconnected in the housing 7.0, the counter balance pocket 7a side of housing 7.0 is respectively equipped with left oil outlet pipe 7.4, right oil outlet pipe 7.5, left oil inlet 7.1, the right oil inlet 7.2 that is communicated with counter balance pocket up and down, and the control chamber 7b side top of housing 7.0 is provided with the middle oil outlet pipe 7.3 that is communicated with control chamber 7b.
The principle of work of balancing device 7 such as Fig. 4 .4, shown in Fig. 4 .5 and Fig. 4 .6, when left oil inlet 7.1 and 7.2 oil-feeds simultaneously of right oil inlet, their difference of pressure can influence the oil pump capacity of each oil outlet pipe: shown in Fig. 4 .5, when the difference of pressure of left side oil inlet 7.1 and right oil inlet 7.2 is zero, balance wheel 7.7 is in state of equilibrium, balance wheel 7.7 is with left oil outlet pipe 7.4 and 7.5 sealings of right oil outlet pipe, oil-feed is all from counter balance pocket 7a control of access chamber 7b, and it is fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe 7.3, shown in Fig. 4 .6, when the pressure of left oil inlet 7.1 during greater than the pressure of right oil inlet 7.2, balance wheel 7.7 is in the promotion deflect of oil pressure, left side oil outlet pipe 7.4 is got through, and an oil-feed part is directly fuel-displaced from left oil outlet pipe 7.4, and a part is from counter balance pocket 7a control of access chamber 7b, and it is fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe 7.3, and still balance wheel 7.7 sealing and not fuel-displaced of right oil outlet pipe 7.5, the oil-feed of right oil inlet 7.5 is all from counter balance pocket 7a control of access chamber 7b, and fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe 7.3.
The structure of energy dissipating fuel tank and principle of work:
The structure of energy dissipating fuel tank as shown in Figure 6, it has an oil box 8.5, place an energy dissipating ball 8.3 with a metal shaft 8.7 in the middle of in the casing 8.5, the 8.3 cooresponding lower square box settings of energy dissipating ball go into oil pipe 8.2, the oil outlet of going into oil pipe 8.2 points to energy dissipating ball 8.3, casing 8.5 tops are provided with case lid 8.4, both sides, casing 8.5 below are provided with oil outlet 8.1 and cleaning mouth 8.6, during work, oil outlet 7.3 is led next unnecessary high energy hydraulic oil by going into oil pipe 8.2 directive energy dissipating balls 8.3 in the middle of the balancing device, make energy dissipating ball 8.3 high speed revolutions, reach the energy dissipating effect, oil-feed is stored in the energy dissipating fuel tank then.
Safety lever as shown in Figure 8, its structural requirement is as follows:
1. the skin 1.1 of safety lever 1 must be rubber-like rubber or plastics;
2. safety lever 1 two ends are hinge property connecting bore with piston rod bonded assembly connecting bore 1.2 with the hydraulically extensible rod;
3. the main body 1.3 of safety lever 1 is selected the carbon steel manufacturing of high-strength light weight for use;
4. the shape of safety lever 1 designs according to the profile of vehicle.
In order to understand the present invention better, be further described from theoretical principle below:
(1) buffering theorem
Collision is that the relative motion by object causes, collision process is the process that relative motion of object speed reduces.Buffering is exactly the time that prolongs collision process, can reduce the degree of damage that collision causes; Represent that with buffering capacity buffering capacity is exactly the momentum that reduces in time expand.
Be formulated
Hu-unit's kilogram meters/second
2
The quality of m-mobile (kilogram)
The kinematic velocity (meter per second) of object during the beginning of V1-buffering
The kinematic velocity (meter per second) of object when the V2-buffering finishes
T-surge time (second)
Buffering will have cushion effect---the power opposite with movement direction of object
Be formulated:
∑F ＝F1+F2+F3+…，.................................(3)
Unit represents that with kgf the direction of power is opposite with sense of motion.
G-acceleration due to gravity (9.78 meter per seconds
2)
Cushion effect produces by shock absorber.
Cushion stroke-object reduces speed now to the movement travel that finishes
Be formulated:
Unit represents with rice.
The maximum pressure that the tolerance of object-the object unit area can bear, the i.e. critical destructive force of object.
Be formulated:
Pa-unit's kgf/centimetre
2
S-object receiving force area, unit centimetre
2
During the suffered external pressure P of object＞Pa, object wrecks; Otherwise during P＜Pa, object is safe.
(2) according to cushioning the technical parameter that theorem calculates several vehicles
Table 1
| Vehicle type | Weight (kg) | The collision speed per hour (kilometer/hour) | Buffer distance (cm) | Surge time (wonderful) | ∑ F (kgf) | Impulsive force F (kgf) when not cushioning |
| Dolly | 2000 | 80 | 20 | 0.018 | 252465.35 | 45443763.00 |
| Passenger vehicle | 6500 | 80 | 30 | 0.027 | 547008.26 | 147692230.20 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
Annotate: the impulsive force F when 1, not cushioning in the table is meant the suffered impulsive force of moment that automobile bumps when not adorning energy disperser.Collision time is not calculated with 0.1/1000th wise moves when 2, adorning the crusherbull zone protector, and therefore, adorned collision time behind the crusherbull zone protector: dolly has prolonged 180 times, and suffered impulsive force has reduced 180 times in the unit time; Passenger vehicle has prolonged 270 times, and suffered impulsive force has reduced 270 times in the unit time.3, energy disperser is passed to automobile indirectly to impulsive force, has reduced harm.
Illustrate: as can be seen from buffering theorem formula (1); any positive integer can be-individual very big number therefore, not adorn the automobile of bumper guard divided by the commercial city of very little number (collision is all finished in the wonderful time at thousand/0.1-0.3 usually) gained; as long as bump, damage is just unavoidable.Want to reduce the infringement that collision causes, just must installation can produce the bumper guard of cushion effect, according to formula (1), (2), the size of cushion effect is directly proportional with the momentum reduction, is inversely proportional to surge time; According to formula (4), surge time is directly proportional with buffer distance again, and buffer distance can not infinitely prolong, and can only determine according to the profile of automobile, and general dolly is advisable with 20cm, and passenger vehicle is advisable with 30-40cm, and this distance is effective compression distance of spring.According to formula (3); cushion effect ∑ F can be decomposed into spring force F1; hydraulic coupling F2; the friction force F3 of brake system; the friction force F4 of engine piston and piston cylinder and piston closes brake are released and can be controlled mouthful power F5 that the back produces; these power make automatic buffer jointly; just disperseed the suffered impact forces of automobile widely; and these masterpieces are used in whole buffering course; as can be seen from Table 1; instant impact when not adorning energy disperser is compared and is significantly reduced; as long as the energy disperser of installing can produce the ∑ F required as table 1; according to formula (5); it is the maximum tolerance that the suffered impulsive force of automobile does not exceed energy disperser; automobile just can reach 80 kilometers/hour design class that bump and do not damage; when surpassing this speed, automobile can damage to some extent, but still can protect the people.The size of F3 and F4 is determined that by brake system and driving engine F2 can calculate with " bernoulli's equation " and determine that F1 is used for designing spring, and F5 is a variable, and its limit is determined by the ultimate strength of hydraulic actuating cylinder.
Claims (5)
1. buffering automobile collision protector; include safety lever (1); recoil spring (2); the hydraulically extensible rod; energy dissipating fuel tank (8) and oil pipe (9) and electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve (3); the hydraulically extensible rod is divided into the first hydraulically extensible rod (4) and the second hydraulically extensible rod (4 '); they are respectively installed with recoil spring (2); be connected with the front end moveable hinge of hydraulically extensible rod near the two ends of safety lever (1); the two ends of the first hydraulically extensible rod (4) and the second hydraulically extensible rod (4 ') are respectively equipped with brake and release energy mouthful (4.2) and the balance port that resets (4.1), it is characterized in that:
A balancing device (7) is arranged, it is provided with inner chamber, inner chamber is provided with balance wheel (7.7), left side oil inlet (7.1) and right oil inlet (7.2), left oil outlet pipe (7.4) and right oil outlet pipe (7.5) and middle oil outlet pipe (7.3) are communicated with inner chamber respectively, the automatic deflection under the oil pressure of left oil inlet (7.1) and right oil inlet (7.2) promotes of balance wheel (7.7) in the inner chamber, take this distribution of realization to the oil pump capacity of left oil outlet pipe (7.4) and right oil outlet pipe (7.5) and middle oil outlet pipe (7.3):
When left oil inlet (7.1) and right oil inlet (7.2) oil-feed simultaneously, their difference of pressure can influence the oil pump capacity of each oil outlet pipe, when their difference of pressure is zero, left side oil outlet pipe (7.4) and right oil outlet pipe (7.5) are not fuel-displaced, all fuel-displaced from middle oil outlet pipe (7.3), when their difference of pressure is non-vanishing, the cooresponding oil outlet pipe in one side that oil inlet pressure is little is not fuel-displaced, fuel-displaced from cooresponding oil outlet pipe in the big one side of oil inlet pressure and middle oil outlet pipe, the fuel-displaced ratio of middle oil outlet pipe increases with the input pressure difference and reduces;
Respectively balancing device (7) is done following connection with oil pipe:
Left side oil inlet (7.1) is released and can be connected by mouth with the brake of the second hydraulically extensible rod,
Right oil inlet (7.2) is released and can be connected by mouth with the brake of the first hydraulically extensible rod,
Left side oil outlet pipe (7.4) is connected by the balance port that resets of electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve (3) with the first hydraulically extensible rod;
Right oil outlet pipe (7.5) is connected by the balance port that resets of electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve (3) with the second hydraulically extensible rod;
Middle oil outlet pipe (7.3) is connected with energy dissipating fuel tank (8), gas control mouthful (5), brake control mouthful (6).
2. buffering automobile collision protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described balancing device (7) is a cylindrical seal housing (7.0), be divided into counter balance pocket (7a) and control chamber (7b) two parts of being interconnected in the housing (7.0), be connected with the left oil outlet pipe (7.4) and the right oil outlet pipe (7.5) that are communicated with counter balance pocket (7a) about the top of counter balance pocket (7a) respectively; Be connected with the left oil inlet (7.1) and the right oil inlet (7.2) that are communicated with counter balance pocket (7a) about the below of counter balance pocket (7a) respectively,
Control chamber (7b) top is provided with the middle oil outlet pipe (7.3) that is communicated with control chamber (7b);
Counter balance pocket (7a) is built-in with a seesaw shape balance wheel (7.7), and this balance wheel (7.7) can rotate 0～50 ° forward or backwards in counter balance pocket (7a).
3. buffering automobile collision protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described electromagnetic control one way stop peturn valve (3) has a valve body (3.0), valve body is provided with cavity in (3.0), there is a dividing plate (3.7) that cavity is separated into oil suction chamber and goes out oil pocket two parts, have two valve openings on the dividing plate (3.7): one is one way stop peturn valve hole (3.71) and one way stop peturn valve plate (3.5) is installed, one is electromagnetism valve opening (3.72) and electromagnetic control spool (3.4) is installed, and the two ends of valve body (3.0) are respectively equipped with liquid inlet (3.01) and the liquid outlet (3.02) that is communicated with cavity.
4. buffering automobile collision protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described recoil spring (2) is not equidistant cylindrically coiled spring.
5. buffering automobile collision protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described recoil spring (2) is whirlpool awl spring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410027220 CN1275803C (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Automobile collision buffer protector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410027220 CN1275803C (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Automobile collision buffer protector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1579840A CN1579840A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CN1275803C true CN1275803C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410027220 Expired - Fee Related CN1275803C (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2004-05-18 | Automobile collision buffer protector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1275803C (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103661185A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 天津鸿海科技开发有限责任公司 | Automobile anti-bumping device |
| CN103233585B (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2015-08-19 | 宜昌市天鸿科技有限责任公司 | A kind of hydraulic pressure three piston equalizing buffer |
| CN103010132B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-09-09 | 陶海滨 | A kind of buffer device for collision of automobile |
| CN103448642A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-12-18 | 耿全水 | Bumper capable of front-back synchronous telescoping |
| CN104097599B (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-05-25 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of multi-buffer and adjustable for height anticollision device for rear of truck |
| CN104890603B (en) * | 2015-06-21 | 2017-01-18 | 吉林大学 | Automotive automatic repair, buffering and energy absorption device |
| CN105522883A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-27 | 施新 | Mechanical chassis for mountain jobs and control system thereof |
| CN109017656B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-11-22 | 任智宇 | A method of improving new-energy automobile safety |
| CN109131177B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-09-08 | 安徽一诺青春工业设计有限公司灵璧分公司 | New energy automobile bumper |
| CN110481478B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2024-03-19 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Rear protection device of hydrogen transport vehicle |
| CN112249074B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-02-01 | 湖南科技大学 | Safe mine car capable of buffering collision and braking simultaneously |
-
2004
- 2004-05-18 CN CN 200410027220 patent/CN1275803C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1579840A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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