CN1275365C - High power, narrow linewidth double-cladding fiber laser and making method - Google Patents
High power, narrow linewidth double-cladding fiber laser and making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1275365C CN1275365C CN 200310109997 CN200310109997A CN1275365C CN 1275365 C CN1275365 C CN 1275365C CN 200310109997 CN200310109997 CN 200310109997 CN 200310109997 A CN200310109997 A CN 200310109997A CN 1275365 C CN1275365 C CN 1275365C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an optical fiber laser device. The wide-band fluorescence spectrum of a dual-cladding optical fiber which is mixed with rare earth ions is filtered for the first time in a narrow-band mode by the reflection of a Bragg optical fiber grating, and then, the wide-band fluorescence spectrum is filtered for the second time in a narrow-band mode by the transmission of a Mohr phase shifting optical fiber grating to form lasers with high power and narrow line width to be output. A dual-cladding optical fiber laser device comprises a pumping source 1, a temperature control device 2, a tail optical fiber 3, the first end 4 of a tapering optical fiber, the second end 5 of the tapering optical fiber, the first end 6 of a dual-cladding optical fiber 7, the second end 8 of the dual-cladding optical fiber 7, an optical fiber 9 of a first input port, an optical fiber 15 of a fourth input port, a coupler 10, an optical fiber 11 of a second output port, an optical fiber 13 of a third output port, a Bragg optical fiber grating 12 of an optical fiber, matching liquid 14 and a Mohr optical fiber grating 16. The Mohr phase shifting optical fiber grating and the Bragg optical fiber grating are used for enabling the present invention to have the advantages of simple manufacture technology, compact structure and reliable operation; the present invention is favorable for the matching compatibility of subsequent optical fiber optical systems, and is suitable for wavelength division multiplexing technology of super-high density and optical information measurement of ultra-high precision.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the fiber laser technology field, particularly the double-clad optical fiber laser of high power, narrow-linewidth laser output.
Background technology:
Double-clad optical fiber laser utilizes the cladding pumping technology to overcome low spatial coherence heavy pumping light (semiconductor laser, be called for short LD) and the laser waveguide of single spatial mode between the difficulty that is not easy to be coupled, inner cladding with powerful pump light coupled into double-clad fiber, pump light is in the inner cladding transmission and constantly excite Doped Rare Earth ion in the fibre core, thereby reaches high power laser light output.High power, narrow linewidth laser have significant application value for the optical WDM communication technology and the superhigh precision optical information measuring instrument that develop super-high density.
Formerly in the technology, narrow-linewidth laser output realizes by distributed feed-back (DFB) laser.Referring to technology [G.P.Agrawal and A.H..Bobeck formerly, " Modeling ofdistributed feedback semiconductor lasers with axially-varyingparameters ", IEEE J.Quantum Electron., 1988,24:2407-2414] report, introduce λ/4 phase shifts (π phase shift) in the waveguide optical grating, can move on to the stopband middle part to the sharp mould of penetrating of distributed feed-back (DFB) laser from the stopband both sides, thereby eliminate the competition between two longitudinal modes, improve the single mode rate of finished products, form narrow-linewidth laser output.Because the restriction of semiconductor technology is difficult to realize high-power narrow-linewidth laser output.Cladding pumping technology in the double-clad optical fiber laser makes high power laser light output become possibility, but because process technology limit, mirroring bandwidth in resonant cavity chamber can not be done very narrowly, so be difficult to accomplish the laser output of narrow linewidth.
Summary of the invention: for solving background technology semiconductor technology complexity, be difficult to realize problems such as high power, narrow-linewidth laser output, the objective of the invention is to adopt tapered fibers, doubly clad optical fiber, coupler, bragg grating and More's phase-shifted fiber grating, realize the laser of the double clad all optical fibre structure of a kind of high power, narrow linewidth.
The manufacture method of laser of the present invention: a. at first powers up pumping source, utilizes temperature control system to regulate electric current, makes the pump light wavelength of pumping source emission identical with the core material absorbing wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber; B. utilize the inner cladding of tapered fibers again, make the repeatedly fibre core by doubly clad optical fiber of pump light the pump light coupled into double-clad fiber; C. doping with rare-earth ions in the doubly clad optical fiber fibre core makes doubly clad optical fiber form broadband fluorescence; D. on an output port optical fiber of coupler, make bragg grating, the broadband fluorescence of rare-earth-ion-doped doubly clad optical fiber is carried out the narrow-band filtering first time; E. on an input port fiber of coupler, make More's phase-shifted fiber grating, the broadband fluorescence of rare-earth-ion-doped doubly clad optical fiber is carried out narrow-band filtering second time, form the double-clad optical fiber laser that high power, narrow-linewidth laser are exported.
The structure of high power of the present invention, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser, as shown in Figure 1.Comprise: pumping source, attemperating unit, tail optical fiber on the pumping source body, first end of tapered fibers, second end of tapered fibers, first end of doubly clad optical fiber, second end of doubly clad optical fiber, the first input end mouth optical fiber of coupler, the second output port optical fiber of coupler, the 3rd output port optical fiber of coupler, the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber of coupler, bragg grating, matching fluid, More's phase-shifted fiber grating, the thermal conductive surface of the heat sink and temperature control system of pumping source is connected, regulate by temperature control system, pumping source makes the pump light centre wavelength of pumping source emission identical with the core material absorbing wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber; Tapered fibers first end is fixedlyed connected with an end of tail optical fiber and first end of doubly clad optical fiber respectively with tapered fibers second end, second end of doubly clad optical fiber is fixedlyed connected with the first input end mouth optical fiber of coupler, tapered fibers first end is identical with diameter, the numerical aperture of tail optical fiber end, the diameter of tapered fibers second end, numerical aperture are identical with collimation footpath, the numerical aperture of the inner cladding of doubly clad optical fiber first end, and the diameter of the fibre core of doubly clad optical fiber second end, numerical aperture are identical with diameter, the numerical aperture of the first input end mouth fiber core of coupler; Bragg grating is on the second output port optical fiber of coupler, adopts the narrow reflection bandwidth that phase mask plate method or holography method inscribe, the bragg grating of high reflectance, the 3rd output port optical fiber of coupler immerses in the matching fluid, More's phase-shifted fiber grating is to utilize More's principle to make λ/4 phase-shifted gratings (claiming the π phase shift again) on the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber of coupler, and an end of the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber of coupler links to each other with coupler, the other end of the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber of coupler is high power, narrow-linewidth laser output.
Said pumping source is the high-power semiconductor laser fiber coupling module, guarantees that by temperature control system the pump light wavelength is identical with doubly clad optical fiber core material absorbing wavelength.
Said tapered fibers first end is identical with diameter, the numerical aperture of tail optical fiber end.
The diameter of said tapered fibers second end, numerical aperture are identical with collimation footpath, the numerical aperture of the inner cladding of doubly clad optical fiber first end.
The diameter of the fibre core of said doubly clad optical fiber second end, numerical aperture are identical with diameter, the numerical aperture of first input end mouth fiber core.
The reflection kernel wavelength of said bragg grating is positioned at the operating wavelength range of coupler.
Said bragg grating is on the second output port optical fiber, adopts the narrow reflection bandwidth that phase mask plate method or holography method inscribe, the bragg grating of high reflectance, the selection of the reflection bandwidth of said bragg grating is slightly less than the reflection bandwidth of More's phase-shifted fiber grating, the reflectance spectrum of bragg grating selects to have the reflectance spectrum of flat top, side mode suppression ratio is greater than 20dB, and the reflection kernel wavelength of bragg grating is identical with the centre wavelength of the narrow linewidth transmission peaks of More's phase-shifted fiber grating.
Said More's phase-shifted fiber grating is λ/4 phase-shifted gratings (claiming the π phase shift again) that utilize More's principle to make on four-input terminal mouth optical fiber, only introduces a λ/4 phase shift point and is positioned at the transmissivity maximum that the grating middle position guarantees the narrow linewidth transmission peaks at grating region.
When the present invention works: when pumping source powers up, the pump light wavelength of regulating the pumping source emission by temperature control system is identical with doubly clad optical fiber core material absorbing wavelength, by the inner cladding of tapered fibers with the pump light coupled into double-clad fiber, thereby pump light inner cladding repeatedly total reflection repeatedly pass through fibre core, make Doped Rare Earth ion generation gain and formation broadband fluorescence in the doubly clad optical fiber fibre core, this broadband fluorescence is coupled to the second output port optical fiber of coupler by the first input end mouth optical fiber of coupler, reflected by bragg grating, finish narrow-band filtering for the first time, the narrow band light that forms is coupled to the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber of coupler again, by the transmission of More's phase-shifted fiber grating, finish narrow-band filtering for the second time, the 3rd output port optical fiber immerses the end face reflection that reduces by the 3rd output port optical fiber in the matching fluid, and an end of four-input terminal mouth optical fiber links to each other with coupler, the other end is a high power, the narrow-linewidth laser output.
Advantage of the present invention: for solving background technology semiconductor technology complexity, be difficult to realize problems such as high-power narrow-linewidth laser output, the present invention makes the More's phase-shifted fiber grating with narrow linewidth transmission peaks, makes the manufacture craft of narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser simple; The cladding pumping technology is with the inner cladding of powerful pump light coupled into double-clad fiber, and pump light transmits the dopant ion that also constantly excites in the fibre core at inner cladding, thereby reaches high power laser light output; The pump light wavelength is identical with the doubly clad optical fiber absorbing wavelength, has increased pumping efficiency; First end of tapered fibers is identical with core diameter, the numerical aperture of tail optical fiber, the diameter of tapered fibers second end, numerical aperture are identical with collimation footpath, the numerical aperture of the inner cladding of doubly clad optical fiber first end, thereby reduced the splice loss, splice attenuation between them, improved the functional reliability of fiber laser; The use of tapered fibers has improved pumping efficiency greatly, has realized the optical coupling of full fiberize, makes the compact conformation of fiber laser; High power, narrow-linewidth laser help the coupling compatibility of fiber laser of the present invention and follow-up fiber optic system from the output of four-input terminal mouth optical fiber connector.The present invention is applicable to the optical WDM communication technology and the superhigh precision optical information measuring instrument of super-high density.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the reflectance spectrum curve of bragg grating in the embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3 is the transmission spectrum curve of More's phase-shifted fiber grating in the embodiment of the invention
Embodiment:
The present invention's structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise: pumping source 1, attemperating unit 2, tail optical fiber 3, first end 4 of tapered fibers, second end 5 of tapered fibers, doubly clad optical fiber 7 comprises: doubly clad optical fiber first end 6, doubly clad optical fiber second end 8, coupler 10 comprises: first input end mouth optical fiber 9, the second output port optical fiber 11, the 3rd output port optical fiber 13, four-input terminal mouth optical fiber 15, bragg grating 12, matching fluid 14, More's phase-shifted fiber grating 16.
The laser center wavelength of the output of selecting as the present invention is 1064nm, and power is 12W, and when laser linewidth was 0.01nm, an embodiment was as follows:
Tail optical fiber 3 and tapered fibers adopting quartz glass or crystal, operation wavelength is identical with the operation wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber.
The diameter R of tail optical fiber 3
3With numerical aperture NA
3Can select according to the pumping source pump power, in the present embodiment, the diameter R of tail optical fiber 3
3May be selected to be 200 μ m, numerical aperture NA
3May be selected to be 0.2025, operation wavelength may be selected to be 180nm-3000nm.
The tapered fibers operation wavelength may be selected to be 180nm-3000nm, the diameter R of tapered fibers first end 4
4With numerical aperture NA
4, tapered fibers second end 5 diameter R
5With numerical aperture NA
5Diameter R according to tail optical fiber 3
3With numerical aperture NA
3, doubly clad optical fiber 7 inner cladding collimation footpath R
7With inner cladding numerical aperture NA
7Decision, physical relationship is as follows:
R
3＝R
4 NA
3＝NA
4
R
4·NA
4＝R
5·NA
5
R
5＝R
7 NA
5＝NA
7
In the present embodiment, it is the optical fiber of 200 μ m that tapered fibers first end 4 can be selected core diameter, and numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.2025.
It is the optical fiber of 90 μ m that tapered fibers second end 5 can be selected core diameter, and numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.45, and the surrounding layer diameter may be selected to be 125 μ m.
The inner cladding shape of cross section of doubly clad optical fiber 7 may be selected to be that plum blossom flap, collimation footpath may be selected to be 90 μ m, the inner cladding numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.45, and the surrounding layer diameter may be selected to be 125 μ m.
First end 4 of tapered fibers is connected with tail optical fiber 3, and second end 5 of tapered fibers is connected with doubly clad optical fiber first end 6, and doubly clad optical fiber second end 8 is connected with first input end mouth optical fiber 9, and connected mode can be selected optical fiber splicer welding or fiber alignment.
The core material of doubly clad optical fiber 7 is the quartz glass or the crystal of doped with rare-earth elements, and operation wavelength may be selected to be 180nm-3000nm.In the present embodiment, core material is quartz glass or a crystal of mixing Yb3+, and the absworption peak of this material can be chosen in 915nm or 975nm, and the length of doubly clad optical fiber 7 may be selected to be 21m, core diameter may be selected to be 9 μ m, and the fibre core numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.175; The inner cladding shape of cross section of doubly clad optical fiber 7 may be selected to be that plum blossom flap, collimation footpath may be selected to be 90 μ m, the inner cladding numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.45, and the surrounding layer diameter may be selected to be 125 μ m.The inner cladding cross-sectional profile of said doubly clad optical fiber 7 also can adopt rectangle, square, D shape or other polygon.
First input end mouth optical fiber 9, the second output port optical fiber 11, the 3rd output port optical fiber 13 and four-input terminal mouth optical fiber 15 are same fibre, and it is identical with the core diameter and the numerical aperture of doubly clad optical fiber second end 8 that their operation wavelength may be selected to be 180nm-3000nm, core diameter and numerical aperture.In the present embodiment, the core diameter of first input end mouth optical fiber 9 may be selected to be 9 μ m, and the fibre core numerical aperture may be selected to be 0.175, and the surrounding layer diameter may be selected to be 125 μ m.
Bragg grating 12 is the narrow reflection bandwidths that adopt phase mask plate method or holography method to inscribe on the second output port optical fiber 11, the bragg grating of high reflectance, the reflection bandwidth of bragg grating 12 is slightly less than the reflection bandwidth of More's phase-shifted fiber grating 16, the reflection kernel wavelength of bragg grating 12 is positioned at the operating wavelength range of coupler 10, the reflectance spectrum top of bragg grating 12 is smooth, side mode suppression ratio is greater than 20dB, make the reflectance spectrum top flat of bragg grating 12, side mode suppression ratio can be selected Gauss's apodization greater than the change mark technology of 20dB, raised cosine method or Moire effect method, utilize Moire effect that the method that fiber grating becomes mark is had symmetrical stress application method, More's phase-plate method and angle interferometric method.The reflection kernel wavelength of bragg grating 12 is identical with the centre wavelength of the narrow linewidth transmission peaks of More's phase-shifted fiber grating 16.In the present embodiment, the broadband fluorescence of doubly clad optical fiber 7 is carried out for the first time the reflection peak centre wavelength of the bragg grating 12 of narrow-band filtering and may be selected to be that 1064.076nm, reflection bandwidth may be selected to be 0.3nm, reflectivity may be selected to be 99.9%.
Matching fluid 14 is refractive index and the identical solution of the 3rd output port optical fiber 13 fiber core refractive indexs, is used for reducing the reflection of the 3rd output port optical fiber 13 fiber end faces.
More's phase-shifted fiber grating 16 is by stretching and the re-expose method on four-input terminal mouth optical fiber 15, λ/4 phase shifts (the claiming the π phase shift again) fiber grating that utilizes More's principle to make is only introduced a λ/4 phase shift point and is positioned at the grating middle position to guarantee the transmissivity maximum of narrow linewidth transmission peaks at grating region.The transmission peaks centre wavelength of More's phase-shifted fiber grating 16 may be selected to be 1064nm, transmission bandwidth and may be selected to be that 0.01nm, transmissivity may be selected to be 100%, reflection bandwidth may be selected to be 0.37nm, and an end of four-input terminal mouth optical fiber 15 links to each other with coupler 10, the other end is high power, the narrow-linewidth laser output.
Claims (6)
1, high power, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser manufacture method is characterized in that making step comprises:
A. at first pumping source is powered up, utilize temperature control system to regulate electric current, make the pump light wavelength of pumping source emission identical with the core material absorbing wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber;
B. utilize the inner cladding of tapered fibers again, make the repeatedly fibre core by doubly clad optical fiber of pump light the pump light coupled into double-clad fiber;
C. doping with rare-earth ions in the doubly clad optical fiber fibre core makes doubly clad optical fiber form broadband fluorescence;
D. on an output port optical fiber of coupler, make bragg grating, the broadband fluorescence of rare-earth-ion-doped doubly clad optical fiber is carried out the narrow-band filtering first time;
E. on an input port fiber of coupler, make More's phase-shifted fiber grating, the broadband fluorescence of rare-earth-ion-doped doubly clad optical fiber is carried out narrow-band filtering second time, form the double-clad optical fiber laser that high power, narrow-linewidth laser are exported.
2, high power, the narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser, comprise: pumping source (1), attemperating unit (2), it is characterized in that also including: the tail optical fiber (3) on pumping source (1) body, first end (4) of tapered fibers, second end (5) of tapered fibers, first end (6) of doubly clad optical fiber (7), second end (8) of doubly clad optical fiber (7), the first input end mouth optical fiber (9) of coupler (10), the second output port optical fiber (11) of coupler (10), the 3rd output port optical fiber (13) of coupler (10), the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber (15) of coupler (10), bragg grating (12), matching fluid (14), More's phase-shifted fiber grating (16), the thermal conductive surface of the heat sink and temperature control system (2) of pumping source (1) is connected, regulate pumping source (1) by temperature control system (2), make the pump light centre wavelength of pumping source (1) emission identical with the core material absorbing wavelength of doubly clad optical fiber (7); Tapered fibers first end (4) is fixedlyed connected with an end of tail optical fiber (3) and first end (6) of doubly clad optical fiber (7) respectively with tapered fibers second end (5), second end (8) of doubly clad optical fiber (7) is fixedlyed connected with the first input end mouth optical fiber (9) of coupler (10), terminal diameter, the numerical aperture of tapered fibers first end (4) and tail optical fiber (3) is identical, and the collimation of the diameter of tapered fibers second end (5), numerical aperture and doubly clad optical fiber first end (6) inner cladding directly, numerical aperture is identical; The diameter of the fibre core of doubly clad optical fiber second end (8), numerical aperture are identical with diameter, the numerical aperture of first input end mouth optical fiber (9) fibre core of coupler (10); Bragg grating (12) is on the second output port optical fiber (11) of coupler (10), the narrow reflection bandwidth that adopts phase mask plate method or holography method to inscribe, the bragg grating of high reflectance, the 3rd output port optical fiber (13) of coupler (10) immerses in the matching fluid (14), More's phase-shifted fiber grating (16) is to utilize More's principle to go up at the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber (15) of coupler (10) to make λ/4 phase-shifted gratings, and an end of the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber (15) of coupler (10) links to each other with coupler (10), the other end of the four-input terminal mouth optical fiber (15) of coupler (10) is a high power, the narrow-linewidth laser output.
3, high power according to claim 2, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: pumping source (1) is the high-power semiconductor laser fiber coupling module, guarantees that by temperature control system (2) the pump light wavelength is identical with doubly clad optical fiber (7) core material absorbing wavelength.
4, high power according to claim 2, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser is characterized in that: the reflection kernel wavelength of said bragg grating (12) is positioned at the operating wavelength range of coupler (10).
5, high power according to claim 2, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: the selection of the reflection bandwidth of said bragg grating (12) is slightly less than the reflection bandwidth of More's phase-shifted fiber grating (16), the reflectance spectrum of bragg grating (12) selects to have the reflectance spectrum of flat top, side mode suppression ratio is greater than 20dB, and the reflection kernel wavelength of bragg grating (12) is identical with the centre wavelength of the narrow linewidth transmission peaks of More's phase-shifted fiber grating (16).
6, high power according to claim 2, narrow linewidth double-clad optical fiber laser is characterized in that: only introduce a λ/4 phase shift point and be positioned at the transmissivity maximum that the grating middle position guarantees the narrow linewidth transmission peaks at the grating region of More's phase-shifted fiber grating (16).
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| CN 200310109997 CN1275365C (en) | 2003-11-06 | 2003-11-06 | High power, narrow linewidth double-cladding fiber laser and making method |
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| CN 200310109997 CN1275365C (en) | 2003-11-06 | 2003-11-06 | High power, narrow linewidth double-cladding fiber laser and making method |
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| CN1275365C true CN1275365C (en) | 2006-09-13 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100416948C (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2008-09-03 | 北京理工大学 | Narrow-line width single frequency optical fiber laser |
| CN100571080C (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2009-12-16 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Signal source device with 1053nm wavelength, high power and narrow line width |
| CN100527547C (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-08-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Tunable thulium-doped fiber laser |
| CN101614879B (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-26 | 北京工业大学 | Narrow-band optical filter |
| CN102148472A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-08-10 | 苏州华必大激光有限公司 | Moire effect-based wavelength-tunable hybrid laser |
| CN106970442B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2023-03-14 | 深圳大学 | Phase-shift grating based on tapered optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113281015A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 | Rare earth doped optical fiber photodarkening testing device |
| CN114001727B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-15 | 吉林大学 | Optical fiber gyroscope based on colloid PbSe/CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot narrow-band ASE light source and preparation method |
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