CN1273819C - Biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope - Google Patents
Biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN1273819C CN1273819C CN 200410066387 CN200410066387A CN1273819C CN 1273819 C CN1273819 C CN 1273819C CN 200410066387 CN200410066387 CN 200410066387 CN 200410066387 A CN200410066387 A CN 200410066387A CN 1273819 C CN1273819 C CN 1273819C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope which is composed of four parts, wherein the first part is an activation part, and an optical system is composed of a laser and a collimator and a reflector; the second part is an evanescent wave generation part, and is composed of an inverse trapezoidal prism and a samples to be measured, which is attached to the top surface of the inverse trapezoidal prism; the third part is used for collecting, storing and processing information, and is composed of a fiber optic probe, a drive scanning part, a second photoelectric probe head and a computer; the fourth part is used for the height control of the fiber optic probe, and is composed of an optical information collection part, a first photoelectric detector head and a feedback control wire. The present invention is characterized in that fluorescent dye macromolecules or biological enzymes or quantum dots are attached to one side of the probe tip end or the probe tip end of the fiber optic probe. The present invention is a near-field total internal reflection type scanning microscope capable of being applied to biologic cell micro structures and monolayer detection. Meanwhile, the most effective space resolution can be obtained by carrying out operations according to rules revealed by the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the near-field scan image optics, particularly a kind of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope at biological study.
Background technology
Nineteen twenty-eight E.H.Synge proposes the thought of near-field scan imaging first, has opened up the new road of a super diffraction limit resolution imaging.The seventies people utilize microwave to realize initial near field optic scanning imagery, and the history in more than 30 year has been arranged so far.Though the near-field scan imaging technique is ripe gradually, the resolution problem of relevant near field optic scanning microscopy is final conclusion never, so far still in continuous improvement.For example, the announcement of the spatial coherence phenomenon relevant with the object interface distance, provide theoretical foundation for further improving resolution, and utilize lock-in amplifier to lock the probe vibration frequency, so that accurately survey the information of near-field scan microscope, the proposition of this experimental technique has also further improved the resolution of this imaging mode, because such detection had both counted the scanning of probe, has also counted the vibration of probe and the character of material.Though these development all provide the new way of improvement total internal reflection near-field scan microscopy (SNOM) resolution, still have some problems here.For example:
(1) in the SNOM imaging, there is artifact.Cause that this phenomenon mainly contains four kinds of reasons: the influence of needle point structure, the influence of near-field scan optical system structure and properties of samples, the influence of the influence of scan pattern and illumination light degree of polarization.
(2) lack the generally acknowledged theory of pervasive and go to describe imaging process and expection imaging results.There have been some theoretical models at present, angular spectra theory for example, the Finite Difference-Time Domain separating method, and dipole is from proper field theory.
Angular spectra theory has explained that from the viewpoint of the spatial spectrum of light SNOM can obtain the reason that superspace is differentiated.But this theory can not be explained the interaction of territory, near field light and material.The Finite Difference-Time Domain separating method has used the Maxwell equation that adds certain boundary condition to go to calculate the distribution of light field in the territory, near field, this theory can be explained the phenomenon with light transmission, but can not explain the emission and the absorption process of light, and can occur material and the interactional details of light field in these processes, and this numerical procedure expends time in very much.Based on the Huygens transmission notion of the strictness of being corrected, that utilizes the space-time dipole also can be similar to the near field transmission problem that solves from proper field theory.In this theory, scan-probe and sample are assumed to be the dipole bead respectively, and this interaction with material is assumed to be field and Interglobular interaction.In this model of having simplified, explained that some influence the factor of imaging resolution in the territory, near field.Because this physical model is conceptive clear simple and clear, utilize this pattern to carry out joint time property in the computing, in Cheng Gong the analog computation that is applied to variety of issue in the near-field scan microscopy, resulting these results have all made important contribution to disclosing near field optic scanning imagery mechanism, see document: M.Xiao, S.Bozhevolnyi, O.Keller, Numericalstudy of configurational resonances in near-field optical microscopy with amesoscopic metallic probe, Appl.Phys.A, 62 (2), 115-121 (1996).But these results are scattered, can't comprehensively provide the factor that influences near-field scan microscopy resolution.That is to say, except the resolution result of analog computation and experiment test, do not have a kind of analytic expression or experimental formula of relevant resolution so far.This situation has especially all increased loaded down with trivial details property and locality for the optimization scanning near-field optical for grasping near-field scan imaging notion and technology.Promptly can not synthetically be familiar with near-field scan imaging notion from the angle of light wave imaging.
We based on dipole from the proper sample room interaction equation of field theory, studied the probe yardstick to the influence of resolution and from the probe pinpoint to the sample surfaces distance to the influence of scanning near-field resolution.The present invention is the SOME RESULTS of calculating by analysis mode, sum up invented a kind of under the P-polarized illumination empirical representation of transverse spatial resolution, can extrapolate the rule of near field optic transverse spatial resolution according to this formula.
Near-field scanning optical microscope can be used for biological microstructure to be surveyed, but information is generally very weak.Though people also come searching surface in the humidification of using other unimolecules or ion, are difficult to obtain effect preferably.These technology all are to mix in sample or the formation metallics, so that strengthen biochemical signals, see document: J.MICHAELIS, C.HETTICH, J.MLYNEK﹠amp; V.SANDOGHDAR; Optical microscopy using a single-molecule lightsource, Nature 405,325-328 (2000).Rather than directly on probe, make an issue of.The difficulty of surveying biological surface information is a lot, and the first is because biological surface reflectivity is low, and the information that is obtained itself is very weak; It is two because biological surface is a strong scattering body, and it is very low that these scattered lights make that near-field scan microscope obtains the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of image.Along with the arrival of 21 century zoic age, be necessary for the big molecular studies of biology design some detection means.Thereby the present invention has designed the near field optic total internal reflection type microscope that a cover can be applicable to biological cell microstructure and single-molecule detection.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope is provided, it is not only a kind of near field optic total internal reflection type microscope that can be applicable to biological cell microstructure and single-molecule detection, and revealed law is operated and can be obtained the most effective spatial resolution according to the present invention.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope, formation is divided into four parts, and first is an excitation portion, forms optical system by laser instrument, collimation and catoptron and constitutes; Second portion is to produce the evanescent wave part, constitutes by falling the testing sample that Dove prism and end face thereof adhere to; Third part is collection, storage and the processing section of information, is made of optical fiber probe, driven sweep part and photoelectric probe and computing machine; The 4th part is an optical fiber probe height control section, collects part and photodetector and FEEDBACK CONTROL line by optical information and forms, and it is characterized in that the needle tip side of described optical fiber probe adheres to the big molecule of fluorescent dye.
The needle tip of described optical fiber probe adheres to the big molecule of fluorescent dye.
What the needle tip side of described optical fiber probe adhered to is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
What the needle tip of described optical fiber probe adhered to is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
Described testing sample is the end face attached to an inverted spherical lens.
Technique effect of the present invention, show through experiment and theoretical analysis: the present invention is not only a kind of near field optic total internal reflection type microscope that can be applicable to biological cell microstructure and single-molecule detection, and revealed law is operated and can be obtained the most effective spatial resolution according to the present invention.
The basis of innovation of the present invention is described below:
One of invention of the present invention is according to the analog computation result, concludes and has summed up transverse spatial resolution expression formula in the scanning near-field optical microscopy; It two is based on above-mentioned expression formula, has invented the little probe Near-field Optical Microscope of fluorescence molecule.It is particularly useful for the detection of biologic single molecular information.
One, the horizontal space expression formula of scanning near-field optical microscopy
Because the complicacy of near field optic microscopy, we all are assumed to be pellet shapes to probe with shape and structure and sample.Promptly one is the detection bead, and two is sample fluctuating bead.Because in the detection in territory, near field, probe and detected object are all at nanoscale, the model that they is approximately bead is rational.With reference to model and parameter shown in Figure 1, fixing Z=35nm, probe scans along directions X, its light intensity I
CTo change with the variation of probe location X.(a) and (b) among Fig. 2, (c), (d) corresponding respectively δ=10nm, 20nm, the light intensity that probe bead C place is scanned when 30nm and 50nm.During δ=10nm (two sample beads are together adjacent), be difficult to tell this two beads, and can clearly tell two beads among other a few width of cloth figure as can be seen.There is a minimum yardstick of differentiating in this illustrative system.In order to determine the resolution of system,, adopt the central light strength I of probe bead place light intensity scanning curve to the situation of two beads
0(being the light intensity at X=0 place) and corresponding largest light intensity I
MaxThe resolution of discussing system recently.Fig. 3 is I
0/ I
MaxThe curve that changes with the coordinate figure δ of sample bead x.Can find out I
0/ I
MaxIncrease and dull decline with δ, work as I
0/ I
Max＜0.78 o'clock, these two beads were promptly distinguishable, at this moment 2 δ=28nm.This descends to some extent than the systemic resolution under the situation of an independent bead.As the situation of (d) among Fig. 2, the full width at half maximum degree (FWHM) at its single peak is 22nm.Its reason is the two beads resolution of system of having inducted interference effect between light field, makes it to descend to some extent.This shows:
1, for the actual object that is detected, the light field between the different microstructures interferes the system that will influence that the minimum of object is differentiated.
2, the size of probe is to the influence of systemic resolution.In Near-field Optical Microscope, the size of probe is the another major reason of decision systems resolution.Scanning light intensity curve when Fig. 4 is the different probe size.In the computation process, the Interglobular distance of two samples is 40nm, i.e. δ=20nm.The Z coordinate figure of probe is taken as Z=R
c+ 2r+5nm, what can make the probe bead like this is always 5nm with the bee-line of the top of sample bead bottom.The normalization largest light intensity I that the probe that can draw is surveyed along X-direction of principal axis scanning process middle probe bead
MaxWith central light strength I
0The difference of (light intensity at X=0 place) is seen Fig. 5 with the change curve of probe size.As can be seen from the figure, when the radius of probe bead increased, light intensity difference and the peaked ratio surveyed will reduce thereupon, and this explanation is along with the increase of probe size, and systemic resolution will descend.
3, the distance of probe and sample room is to the influence of systemic resolution.Fig. 6 is corresponding to the scanning curve of different Z values (fixing δ=20nm).System has been difficult to tell this two beads when clearly finding out Z=45nm.The light intensity at probe bead place also reduces rapidly with the increase of Z value.The resolution of this illustrative system will with probe and sample interval from increase descend.So in Near-field Optical Microscope, should can improve the resolution of system so as much as possible near sample surfaces during scanning samples, also can increase the light intensity that probe detects.
According to above-mentioned series of values analog computation and experimental result, we have obtained the notion of near-field scan microscopy resolution.Its transverse spatial resolution is relevant with multiple factor, and for example it is along with the reducing of probe yardstick, probe and reducing of sample surface distance and increase; Reduce along with the increase of sample surface micro-structure fluctuating distance again; Consider the coherence of incident light, this resolution also can be along with the variation of the wavelength variations of illuminating bundle and bandwidth and is changed; The polarization direction that depends on illumination light that it is strong in addition.From the viewpoint of fluctuation imaging, with the illumination of P-polarized light or excite down, we sum up the judgement formula of following resolution:
δ
min＝0.4(r
sph·z
v)/[δexp(r/δ-1)] (1)
The r here
SphBe the radius of probe bead, z
v, be vertical range from the probe center of pellet to sample surfaces.δ is an assembly average partly of just estimating lateral separation between the fluctuating of sample surfaces microstructure, or the assembly average of testing sample radius.
The condition that this judgement formula is set up is the size that the size of probe pinpoint can not rise and fall greater than measured surface, if because the yardstick of probe pinpoint greater than the yardstick of sample, then will can not measured the yardstick of sample, so this hypothesis is rational.According to formula 1 is 10 nanometers for the little radius of a ball of probe as can be known, and it is 35 nanometers to the sample surfaces vertical range, and the sample surfaces roughness average is when being 2 δ=20 nanometers, and distinguishable minor increment is 28 nanometers, is 1.4 times of the little bulb diameter of probe.From we The numerical results as can be known, we can find from Fig. 3 under this data qualification.The distinguishable minor increment of system's this moment is 1.4 times of the little bulb diameter of probe.
Table 1 has provided the resolution prediction that utilizes under the different situations that formula (1) provides.These results are consistent with calculating analog result and experimental result.
The selection of the probe pinpoint size of table 1, near field optic scanning microscopy is for the influence of resolution
| r(nm) | δ(nm) | Z v(nm) | δmin(nm) |
| 6 | 10 | 35 | 12.54 |
| 7 | 10 | 35 | 13.24 |
| 8 | 10 | 35 | 13.83 |
| 9 | 10 | 35 | 14.00 |
| 10 | 10 | 35 | 14.00 |
Table 2, near field optic scanning microscopy middle probe point and of the influence of measured surface distance to resolution
| r(nm) | δ(nm) | Z v(nm) | Smin(nm) |
| 10 | 10 | 20 | 8 |
| 10 | 10 | 30 | 12 |
| 10 | 10 | 40 | 16 |
| 10 | 10 | 50 | 20 |
The variation of measured surface fluctuating distance is to the influence of resolution in table 3, the near field optic scanning microscopy
| r(nm) | δ(nm) | Z v(nm) | Smin(nm) |
| 10 | 10 | 35 | 14.01 |
| 10 | 15 | 35 | 13.07 |
| 10 | 20 | 35 | 11.53 |
| 10 | 25 | 35 | 10.20 |
According to above-mentioned data, can calculate in advance in the near field optic microscopy to obtaining the optimal parameter coupling that optimum resolution is selected.Second under the situation of known Near-field Optical Microscope parameter, resolution that can prognoses system.The 3rd can predict when changing any parameter, for resolution influence substantially.In a word, these data have disclosed the inherent law of near field optic design.
Second inventive point: according to the data in the above-mentioned table as can be seen, according to the judgement formula can design optimization new system.To provide two kinds in view of the above and can be used for the total internal reflection type near-field scan optical microscopes that biological microstructure is surveyed according to the difficult problem of biological microstructure detection below.This microscope is expected to solve or further to open up the application problem of near-field scan microscope at biological field.
First type: this is a kind of total internal reflection near-field scan microscope, and its FEEDBACK CONTROL can be by means of STM or AFM pattern, also can be directly by means of the bulk of optical feedback pattern.Its incident light produces the mode of total internal reflection can select trapezoidal or prism, also can select object lens direct illumination.The inventive point here mainly is to tie a big molecule of fluorescent dye, perhaps a kind of biology enzyme, perhaps quantum dot (Fig. 7) on the fiber tip next door.The size Selection of this probe molecule gets the smaller the better.Operating distance is about 10 nanometers, perhaps less than 10 nanometers.Can obtain the most effective spatial resolution to biological detection like this.
Second type: big molecular dye or quantum dot (Fig. 8) directly bonding on the optical fiber probe.So not only guarantee the small scale of probe, and guaranteed signal intensity.Because under the stimulation of near field evanescent wave, fluorescent dye can be launched the fluorescence signal of also being eager to excel than the light that reflects from sample surfaces, thereby has reduced background, has guaranteed signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).This probe is surveyed the meaning with particular importance for biologic single molecular.
The imaging resolution effect that these designing institutes reach can be learnt from above-mentioned tabulation.Their direct benefit is to have improved the catoptrical intensity of sample in addition, has reduced background noise, has improved the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of image.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 inner total reflection illumination Near-field Optical Microscope synoptic diagram.
Wherein: 1.-the probe bead, 2.-the sample bead, 3.-sample surfaces.C:(X, 0 ,-Z), and A:(-δ, 0 ,-r), and B:(δ, 0 ,-r) be respectively their coordinate.
When Fig. 2 was different δ value, probe scanned light intensity curve along directions X,
Wherein: (a) δ=10nm; (b) δ=20nm; (c) δ=30nm; (d) δ=50nm.2 δ are the Interglobular distance of sample.
Fig. 3 is relative intensity I
0/ I
MaxWith between the sample bead apart from the change curve of δ.
Probe was along the light intensity curve of directions X scanning when Fig. 4 was probe and sample room variable in distance.
(a)Z＝35nm(b)Z＝40nm(c)Z＝45nm(d)Z＝50nm。
Fig. 5 is the distribution curve of the corresponding relative light intensity of probe of different size.
Fig. 6 is the influence of the variation of probe pinpoint yardstick to lateral resolution.
Wherein: (a) R
n=8nm; (b) R
n=10nm; (c) R
n=15nm; (d) R
nThe situation of=20nm when the x-scanning direction.
Fig. 7 is the light channel structure synoptic diagram of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the light channel structure synoptic diagram of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-laser, the 2-optical system has the Dove prism of sample, 4-optical fiber probe above the 3-, the driven sweep part of 5-STM or AFM probe, the 6-luminescent dye molecule, 7-optical imaging system, 8-first photoelectric probe, 9-FEEDBACK CONTROL line, 10-second photoelectric probe, 11-data line, 12-computing machine.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 illustrate the present invention respectively and are used for the biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope embodiment 1 of biological microstructure detection and the index path of embodiment 2.As seen from the figure, biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope of the present invention, formation is divided into four parts: first is an excitation portion, forms optical system 2 by laser instrument 1, collimation and catoptron and constitutes; Second portion is to produce the evanescent wave part, constitutes by falling the testing sample that Dove prism 3 and end face thereof adhere to; Third part is collection, storage and the processing section of information, is made of optical fiber probe 4, driven sweep part 5 and photoelectric probe 10 and computing machine 12; The 4th part is optical fiber probe 4 height control sections, collects part 7 and photodetector 8 and FEEDBACK CONTROL line 9 by optical information and forms, and it is characterized in that the needle tip of described optical fiber probe 4 adheres to the big molecule 6 of a fluorescent dye on one side.As shown in Figure 7.
The needle tip of described optical fiber probe 4 adheres to the big molecule 6 of fluorescent dye.As shown in Figure 8.
What the needle tip of described optical fiber probe 4 adhered on one side is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
What the needle tip of described optical fiber probe 4 adhered to is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
Described testing sample is the end face attached to an inverted spherical lens.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 illustrate respectively and utilize Dove prism to cause the total internal reflection index path, can utilize scanning electron tunnel microscope (STM) or the gated sweep of atomic force microscope (AFM) mode feedback.
The specific operation process that the present invention uses:
The first step at first ties up to dye molecule 6 tip end one side of optical fiber probe 4, makes optical fiber end as far as possible near the big molecule 6 of fluorescent dye;
The laser that second step was sent laser instrument 1 passes through optical system 2, from inverted Dove prism 3 incidents on one side, places sample on Dove prism 3, and incident light produces evanescent wave form total internal reflection type when prism 3 enters into sample;
The latent loss of gloss that the 3rd step was reflected by sample 6 impinges upon on the big molecule 6 of dyestuff or meeting fluorescence excitation on the big molecule of biology enzyme that contacts with sample;
The 4th step collected this fluorescence by the optical fiber probe 4 that is positioned at the sample top, and is sent to second photoelectric probe 10 by the 3-D scanning of driver 5, was changed into digital signal;
The 5th this digital data transmission of step is stored and is handled by computing machine 12 in computing machine 12 internal memories.
The difference of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is that the big molecule of dyestuff among Fig. 7 or enzyme ties up to 4 sides of optical fiber probe, and this is because some zymoprotein just can inspire fluorescence when contacting with the particular organisms tissue and excitation light irradiation is arranged.This and the big molecule of dyestuff it when contacting with biological tissue, the reason that just can send fluorescence is the same, only they have the specificity of oneself.And the big molecule of the dyestuff of Fig. 8 or enzyme is the end face that is bonded in optical fiber probe 4, with sample be discontiguous.The faint evanescent wave field rayed of its biological information emission can inspire fluorescence on it, increase signal intensity.Increase the contrast of image.
Biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope of the present invention adopts the P-polarization illumination.Compare with common near-field scanning optical microscope, main difference is on probe design and sample mode.Particularly, as if the pattern that directly adopts among Fig. 8, the molecular probe yardstick is 10 nanometers, be in 20 nanometers on the sample surfaces, if the statistical value that measured surface rises and falls is 10 nanometers, then this system is under the P polarized illumination, and its transverse spatial resolution is approximately 16 nanometers.
GFP green protein dyestuff yardstick is approximately about 4 nanometers at present, and it is the big molecule of a kind of common dyes.Utilize the working method of Fig. 8, its space lateral resolution will be 3.2 nanometers.When exciting light exists, can make contactant launch a plurality of fluorescent photons when but the someone has found that some biology enzymes contact with the other biological material.The yardstick of these biology enzymes has only GFP 1/20th.Well imagine,, can improve the space lateral resolution of near field optic flying-spot microscope greatly if utilize these biomolecule to be probe.
For example, the galactose thuja acid enzyme in the dried bacterium of large intestine is bonded on the near-field optical probe, can surveys and stop the time of thing on DNA.The catalytic efficiency height of enzyme, the fluorescence efficiency height mainly is that size is little, again easily and light pricker etc. bonding.Such biology enzyme probe has special effect for surveying the unimolecule biological information.
The present invention has summed up the imaging law of near-field scanning optical microscope by analog computation, has provided a kind of simple and clear spatial resolution expression formula.By this formula can the designing optimal parameter near-field scanning optical microscope.For example, predict the outcome from expression formula, the size of probe is the smaller the better.Adopt biomacromolecule as probe or assist probes, can guarantee that not only yardstick is little, and the bonding between the biomolecule can guarantee that it has certain soundness.This invention is feasible.For example given data in the various forms of the technology of the present invention effect have all illustrated under different microscope parameters, the space lateral resolution that can obtain.This present invention of utilization sums up the workload that expression formula designs and assesses, and for doing the calculating of relevant experiment and theoretical modeling, is to have reduced greatly.The fluorescence total internal reflectance microscope of using on the 3rd the biology according to the designed invention of resolution expression formula of the present invention has a good application prospect and important practical sense.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope, four parts constitute: first is an excitation portion, forms optical system (2) by laser instrument (1), collimation and catoptron and constitutes; Second portion is to produce the evanescent wave part, constitutes by falling the testing sample that Dove prism (3) and end face thereof adhere to; Third part is collection, storage and the processing section of information, is made of optical fiber probe (4), driven sweep part (5) and second photoelectric probe (10) and computing machine (12); The 4th part is optical fiber probe (a 4) height control section, collect part (7) and first photodetector head assembly (8) and FEEDBACK CONTROL line (9) by optical information and form, it is characterized in that the needle tip side of described optical fiber probe (4) adheres to the big molecule of a fluorescent dye (6).
2, biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that the needle tip of described optical fiber probe (4) adheres to the big molecule of fluorescent dye (6).
3, biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that the needle tip side of described optical fiber probe (4) adheres to is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
4, biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope according to claim 2, what it is characterized in that the needle tip of described optical fiber probe (4) adheres to is a kind of biology enzyme, or quantum dot.
5,, it is characterized in that described testing sample is the end face attached to an inverted spherical lens according to each described biological total internal reflection type near-field scan microscope of claim 1-4.
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| CN100590437C (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2010-02-17 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Total reflection near-field microscope combining with magnetic forceps for observing biomacromolecule |
| CN100576013C (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-12-30 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Strength relating quantum imaging microscope |
| CN102735620A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-17 | 金石琦 | Near field spectrum correlation imaging apparatus |
| JP5996478B2 (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2016-09-21 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Radiation image detector |
| CN103894622B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of in-situ synthetic method and device of quick controllable light fibre core end silver nano-grain |
| CN104568876B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-03-29 | 复旦大学 | The method that Graphene fluorescent quenching carries out fluorescence observation with reference to nano metal array |
| CN105004702A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-28 | 华中科技大学 | Dual-imaging magnetic tweezer system |
| CN106124464B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-12-04 | 重庆黄桷树光电科技有限公司 | A kind of fibre-optical sensing device for detection of heavy metal ion |
| CN107807095B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-10-20 | 华南师范大学 | Dynamic color regulation and control device and method based on semiconductor silicon nanoparticles |
| CN110426535B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | Single quantum dot scanning near-field optical microscopic probe and system, detection device and method |
| CN111157769A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-15 | 广州大学 | Electrochemiluminescence imaging system and imaging method thereof |
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