CN1268259A - Spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor - Google Patents

Spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1268259A
CN1268259A CN98808457A CN98808457A CN1268259A CN 1268259 A CN1268259 A CN 1268259A CN 98808457 A CN98808457 A CN 98808457A CN 98808457 A CN98808457 A CN 98808457A CN 1268259 A CN1268259 A CN 1268259A
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China
Prior art keywords
wounded
spherical
motor
rotor
tubular axle
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CN98808457A
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Chinese (zh)
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亚诺什·圣泰斯
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/56Motors or generators having iron cores separated from armature winding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a spherical, direct current, cage rotor electric motor which has a stator, composed of an inner part (2) made of a spherical shape, hollow, flux conducting soft magnetic yoke, and a surrounding outer part (3) made of a spherical shell shape permanent magnet, and a spherical shell shape caged rotor (6), made of copper profiles and surrounding the stator. The ends of the copper profiles from disk shaped commutators (10A, 10B), to which brushes (11A, 11B) are coupled. The caged rotor (6) is provided with a stiffening ring (7), and it is surrounded concentrically by permanent magnetic main poles (8), which in turn are surrounded by a shell structure (9) and casing parts (12A, 12B) provided with ventilating openings. The axle of the motor is a splined tububar shaft (1) in which openings (15, 20) are formed.

Description

Spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor
Of the present inventionly theme as a kind of spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor.
Known very a large amount of DC motor has been arranged.DC motor with electric motor driven vehicle constitutes one of them big nation.
United States Patent (USP) NO.4948998 has described the reliably two commutator formula DC motor of a kind of height, and it has two and is arranged in independence in the rotor core and parallel winding.Also pass through commutator by the brush-system that is positioned at the motor both sides, winding can be used individually or be used together.Rotor is cylindrical non-self-contained formula, and stator contains excitation winding.
Described a kind of configuration of open type squirrel-cage DC motor in the open page or leaf of document EP 0481774 (A2), it has the commutator on two ends and cylindrical rotor unshakable in one's determination is arranged.Recommendation is mainly used in the rail traction motor of big electric current with this configuration, but this specification does not provide relevant layout, fact guidelines or the guidance that realizes magnetic circuit, positioning support, cooling etc.
The catalogue of ESCAP company (Switzerland) 1989 has been described the DC motor with low the moment of inertia and no rotor unshakable in one's determination, and wherein, the cylindrical rotor of self-contained formula is so-called coiling (closely honeycombed) coil.This structure reduces effective torque about 30%, has strengthened the length of coil and has strengthened its resistance in same ratio.Little inertia described in Pacific Scientific Company (U.S., Illinois) catalogue in 1989 and have do not have (hollow) self-contained formula rotor unshakable in one's determination DC motor similarly.
From United States Patent (USP) NO.4019075, can know the nothing that a kind of miniature cocurrent electromotor is arranged rotor coil unshakable in one's determination.It is useless part that the lap winding that forms with compound winding has bigger winding head.The self-contained formula rotor that is formed by them is columniform, and has one-sided commutator.
Can know the another kind of cylindrical technical scheme with one-sided commutator from United States Patent (USP) NO.4181966, in the case, field magnet is positioned at the inboard of rotor, and soft magnet yoke then is positioned at the outside of rotor.
According to the technical scheme of United States Patent (USP) NO.4110645, the field magnet with DC motor of cylindrical no self-contained formula rotor unshakable in one's determination is positioned at the outside of rotor, the magnetic flux conductive yoke then be positioned at rotor in by.
Also described a kind of cylindrical direct current motor in hungarian patent NO.189040, wherein, according to Fig. 2, the rotor in its configuration is a discoidal drum, has sizable interpole coil head conductor length and quality.According to its Fig. 3, the epitrochanterian birotor of this scheme and commutator also are discoidal and use the printed circuit manufacturing that brush then radially is orientated.
In Fig. 1 of United States Patent (USP) NO.4082971, can see a kind of partly to the similar motor of above-mentioned last scheme, it has rotor and the commutator made from the mackle printed circuit board, its difference is, two rotors that drive same axle have separately, stator magnetic circuit independently, this is because be provided with the spacing device and the housing parts of aluminium between yoke.
Proposed having the demand of more high efficiency little electric current and medium current motor.
Therefore, purpose of the present invention is the effect and the quality of the member that reduces those and can add lossy thereby lower efficiency, and increases the power of unit volume.
The key of solution is owing to recognize that the root of loss mainly is exciting circuit and the heterogeneity and the disperse of motor, and on the other hand, is the additional resistance loss that causes than length by the rotor coil head.
In order to eliminate above-mentioned shortcoming and to satisfy institute's requirement, the inventor finds that spherical structure is suitable.
A technical scheme of the optimal design of exciting circuit is to adopt the high-energy bilateral permanent magnet of preferably making with alloy, its magnetic line of force is radially in bigger angular range, its direct result is the direction of the line of induction (B) perpendicular to electric current (I), and further perpendicular to the power that is produced (F).
In brief: be easy to see such one significantly true, promptly under the situation of the rotor of spherical motor, any point in above-mentioned angular range, the requirement of up rightness all is met.
Second problem, the i.e. design of rotor are more complicated problems.In other words: significant efficient improves and can only reach according to the energy that horse-power formula I2R is transformed into heat by minimizing.Can think, just can solve by the rotor that adopts spherical housing that this rotor is made by the bigger copper section bar of cross section, meanwhile, its intensity is suitable for transmitting torque.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by designing a kind of spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor, the stator of this motor is inner and outside a composition of spherical shell shape of surrounding it by one, make with hollow spherical magnetic flux conductive soft magnet yoke inside, spherical shell shape outside is grouped into or is cast on the inside by scallop, and make with permanent magnet, output shaft is the tubular axle of a wounded in the battle key, and it passes inner hole and stretches out.Cage rotor is a spherical surface of revolution, the ferromagnetic stator with sandwich is surrounded and sealed to its angle symmetrically, this rotor is made up of the copper section bar, and along the planar shaped camber of geometrical axis of the tubular axle that is parallel to wounded in the battle key, the hub portion of its insulation is fixed on the tubular axle of wounded in the battle key with threaded closing sleeve, the end of copper section bar is machined to the plane vertical with the geometrical axis of the tubular axle of wounded in the battle key and forms the disc commutator, this commutator flexibly is coupled on the brush that the most handy bronze-graphite or mercury does, and its terminal is made into plug-socket formula clamper or pinching screw.The inside of stator can have the meridian lattice structure.Cage rotor can have and is different from spherical shape, the spheroid of Zhuan Donging for example, even be discus shape, but, it must be a revolving body.There is a torus shape in the equator of cage rotor, it is provided with the heat resistant plastice reinforcing ring that glass fibre strengthens, this reinforcing ring is surrounded with one heart by fan-shaped permanent magnet main pole, and this main pole is surrounded by the shell construction with two soft magnet yokes that coarctate each other hemisphere portion is made at its edge, latter's hollow casing of the light metal alloy of involved opening such as aluminium alloy again surrounds, between the tubular axle of stator and wounded in the battle key, and between the tubular axle of shell and wounded in the battle key, all be furnished with bearing and the potted component that is preferably roller bearing.In the tubular axle of wounded in the battle key, in the scope of the geometric center of motor, form bigger opening; On the plane of commutator, form the fin shape air intake of less opening and formation vaporizer choke.
Housing can be made with two semi-circular portion that are provided with ventilating opening, and they can but, also can adopt the netted or grid goods of the plastics ball with appropriate intensity with for example being bolted to together.From the outer cover of cage rotor, on the part plane, in the main pole of permanent magnet, in the soft magnet yoke shell structure, and in housing parts, all form and have tangentially the exhaust passage of outlet end section.Export department office in above-mentioned end segments is furnished with tangential muffler.
Describe in detail according to spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor of the present invention, in the drawings with an embodiment and by accompanying drawing below:
Fig. 1 shows the cutaway view of motor;
Fig. 2 shows more detailed cutaway view.
Motor has the tubular axle 1 of a wounded in the battle key, this has a stator at the bigger interlude of its diameter, this stator comprises that 2 and one of spherical hollow inside made from the magnetic flux conductive soft magnet yoke surround above-mentioned inner 2 permanent magnet outside 3, and described outside is grouped into or is cast on by scallop on inner 2.Stator is surrounded this rotor by its cage rotor 6 that is shaped as the spherical shell shape surface of revolution of an angle symmetry, and preferably the plate or the rod of moulding are made with the copper section bar, they form arc in the plane of the geometrical axis 13 of the tubular axle 1 that is parallel to wounded in the battle key, the end of section bar on the tubular axle 1 of wounded in the battle key, constitute discoid fan-shaped commutator 10A, 10B ..., the latter is machined to a plane perpendicular to the geometrical axis 13 of the tubular axle 1 of wounded in the battle key.Near the place of commutator 10A, 10B, flexibly place discoid fan-shaped brush 11A, 11B that the most handy bronze-graphite makes ..., its terminal 14A, 14B are made into plug-socket formula clamper or pinching screw.The 4A of hub portion, the 4B of insulation; 5A, 5B are fixed on the tubular axle 1 of wounded in the battle key with threaded closing sleeve 21A, 21B.
Cage rotor 6 its maximum gauge be equator place by a usefulness insulating material preferably the ring 7 made of the heat resistant plastice that strengthens of glass fibre strengthen, latter's (by forming simultaneously air duct therein) press molding is on the cage rotor 6 that is contained on the stator.Cage rotor 6 is surrounded by the main pole 8 of permanent magnet, the spherical shell section on border is done in being shaped as with the plane of geometrical axis 13 of the tubular axle 1 that is parallel to wounded in the battle key of this main pole, and the main pole of permanent magnet 8 itself is surrounded by the shell construction along the soft magnet yoke 9 of maximum gauge (" equator ") subdivision of also hull shape spherical in shape again.In the space between the permanent magnet main pole 8 of the motor that assembles, the magnetic direction that is produced is radially.
At last, the outside of spherical cage rotor DC motor is made up of housing parts 12A and 12B, these housing parts also are spherical, be bolted together at its maximum gauge place, and on being provided with fin shape opening and being arranged in outside it with preferably becoming mesh-like, use the alloy manufacturing of light metal such as aluminium simultaneously.
Also can adopt plastics ball net or grid goods, to replace housing parts 12A and 12B.
The hollow interior 2 of stator and outside 3 and the tubular axle 1 of wounded in the battle key between, the bearing housing 18A, the 18B that roller bearing 16A and 16B are set and are provided with the hole, and roller bearing 17A, 17B and potted component 19A, 19B are set between the tubular axle 1 of housing parts 12A, 12B and wounded in the battle key.In the scope of the geometrical axis of the tubular axle of wounded in the battle key, form big opening.The hole of bearing housing 18A, 18B couples together the space of opening 15 with cage rotor 6.
For operation according to spherical cage rotor DC motor of the present invention, preferably adopt compressed air, compressed air from the end (or two ends) of the tubular axle 1 of wounded in the battle key passes through in axle, the opening 15 in its geometric center scope of the tubular axle 1 by passing wounded in the battle key and pass the tubular axle 1 that is arranged on wounded in the battle key in the plane of commutator 10A, 10B, enter motor interior than aperture 20A, 20B, compressed air (unshowned) rib plate shape hole of passing the hole of bearing housing 18A, 18B and passing housing parts 12A, 12B leaves motor then.
In Fig. 2, the element of same reference number nature TYP.In addition, in the plane of commutator 10A, 10B, form vaporizer choke 22A, 22B, and from the outer cover of cage rotor 6, on the subdivision plane, in permanent magnet main pole 8, in soft magnet yoke shell structure 9, and in housing parts 12A, 12B, all form exhaust passage 23A, the 23B of the outlet end section that has tangentially.Air flow path 24A, 24B are shown in broken lines.
Operation according to spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor of the present invention is as follows:
Similar to known motor, it is operated based on such fact, and promptly masterpiece is used in an electric current and flows therein and be placed on the conductor in the magnetic field.
When electric current as shown in figure along the direction shown in the arrow conducting element 6A, the 6B of cage rotor 6 ... in when flowing, power up acts on the arc conducting element 6A of left-hand side from paper, and down act on from paper on the arc conducting element 6B of right-hand side, its direct result is, cage rotor 6 is tried hard to the tubular axle 1 of rotating band spline withershins.
If sense of current conversely, then cage rotor 6 rotates clockwise direction.
Be easy to find out,, just can keep the continuity of rotating if the every half way around of the sense of current oppositely once.Along with the path of air-flow also can be readily seen that, motor works with one of time image with being provided with the bilateral inlet formula centrifugal blower of meridian dividing plate or turbine.
All electromotive force all are the results of power conversion E.Its reason is, another basic simple relation is arranged between above-mentioned electricity and magnetic, and it does not change with known law of physics and can develop into a new equation, and this equation is that spherical motor and generator provide following energy balance relations:
2πMn=EI=I 2
If the unit of I is A, the unit of r is m, and the unit of ω is S -1, the unit of the induced electromotive force E that then obtains is V, the unit by the whole magnetic torque of motor effect that obtains is Nm.
The advantage of the spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor of formation theme of the present invention is as follows:
-no matter its physical dimension is how, the efficient of all spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motors All be identical, surpass 90%.
The high-intensity magnetic field spherical and that be actually radially in big angular range of-rotor makes it The useless length of lead might be made minimum as much as possible, and not have winding head;
The moment of inertia of-self-contained cage rotor 6 is little, and is in addition, idle less than what produced by winding head Component, so motor is particularly suitable for fast driving (for example servomotor);
-because efficient is higher, so can the quality of production and the motor of small volume, they Advantageous particularly in the situation of air line such as the system that is used for aircraft, satellite etc.;
The reliability of-motor is higher, and because two commutator and brush-system, brush Life-span is longer;
-by means of big electric current open wide cage rotor and the quantity by increasing brush and copper section bar or Copper rod namely consists of the quantity of the conducting element of cage rotor, can reduce the fluctuation of shaft torque, and this makes Must in such as the situation of shabby vehicle, motorcycle, car etc., except adopting reinforcing ring, adopt It must be unnecessary being accustomed to the use of the character quantitative change;
-because the magnetic field of sealing in fact, so can reduce widely the harmful attached of motor Add magnetic radiation, this is favourable in the situation of air line;
-be easy to and the different types of semiconductor pulse-width-modulation chopper (crystalline substance of the common use of motor Brake tube, rectangular pulse disconnect the metal oxide half that (GTO) IGCT, transistor and power are used Conductor field-effect transistor (POWER-MOSFET) element is realized);
The effect of-no cage rotor unshakable in one's determination is also as a bilateral inlet formula centrifugal blower or a turbine with meridian dividing plate;
The tubular axle of-wounded in the battle key makes it and might for example under the situation of athletic competition aircraft motor be used as single current propeller turbine.

Claims (3)

1. spherical no direct current, cage rotor electric motor unshakable in one's determination, it has conductive terminal, stator and rotor and an output shaft, it is characterized by,
-stator is made up of an inside (2) and an outside (3), and make with hollow spherical magnetic flux conductive soft magnet yoke wherein said inside, and describedly outside make and constitute or be cast on the inside (2), thereby surround it by fan-shaped part with spherical permanent magnet,
-output shaft is the tubular axle (1) of a wounded in the battle key, and it passes the cavity of inside (2),
-cage rotor (6) is a surface of revolution, spherical shell shape preferably, the ferromagnetic stator with sandwich is surrounded and sealed to its angle symmetrically, described rotor is made up of the copper section bar, this section bar is made into arc along the plane of the geometrical axis (13) of the tubular axle (1) that is parallel to wounded in the battle key, the hub portion (4 of its insulation, 5) with threaded closing sleeve (21A, 21B) be fixed on the tubular axle (1) of wounded in the battle key, the end of copper section bar is located to be machined to and the vertical plane of geometrical axis (13) at the tubular axle (1) of wounded in the battle key, they form disc commutator (10A, 10B)
-commutator (10A, flexibly be coupled with on 10B) brush that the most handy bronze-graphite or mercury makes (11A, 11B), its terminal (14A 14B) is made into plug or pinching screw,
The equator of-cage rotor (6) be shaped as a toroid, and be provided with the reinforcing ring (7) that heat resistant plastice that a usefulness glass fibre strengthens is made, and it is surrounded with one heart by the fan-shaped permanent magnet main pole (8) of sphere;
-main pole (8) use the shell construction (9) of the soft magnet yoke that two hemisphere portions that are fixed together at its edge make to surround, and the latter is again by with light metal alloy or plastics manufacturing and contain the shell encirclement of ventilation hole,
-between the tubular axle (1) of stator and wounded in the battle key, and between the tubular axle (1) of shell and wounded in the battle key, all be furnished with roller bearing (16A, 16B; 17A, 17B) and potted component (18A, 18B; 19A, 19B),
-in the tubular axle (1) of wounded in the battle key, in the scope of the geometric center of motor, be provided with bigger opening (15), (10A on plane 10B), is provided with less opening (20) at commutator.
2. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by, and (12A 12B) makes shell with two hemisphere aluminum hull parts that are provided with fin shape opening.
3. motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized by, and forms gas channel in above-mentioned reinforcing ring (7).
CN98808457A 1997-06-23 1998-06-12 Spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor Pending CN1268259A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP9701088 1997-06-23
HU9701088A HU222458B1 (en) 1997-06-23 1997-06-23 Spherical dc. motor with squirrel-cage rotor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1268259A true CN1268259A (en) 2000-09-27

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CN98808457A Pending CN1268259A (en) 1997-06-23 1998-06-12 Spherical direct current, cage rotor electric motor

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JP (1) JP2002516060A (en)
KR (1) KR20010014115A (en)
CN (1) CN1268259A (en)
AU (1) AU7783698A (en)
BR (1) BR9810332A (en)
CA (1) CA2294161A1 (en)
HU (1) HU222458B1 (en)
PL (1) PL337718A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998059411A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101505076B (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-12-01 哈尔滨工程大学 Underwater globular motor propeller

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020077316A (en) * 2002-09-11 2002-10-11 김인구 The Methode of creasing of the efficiency through Structure change by electrical motor
NL2005011C2 (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-03 Be-Kking Man B V ROTATING MACHINE FOR COMPRESSION AND DECOMPRESSION.
CN108922299B (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-12-01 淮北市荣恋科技有限公司 Fire drill virtual training method
WO2022056637A1 (en) * 2020-09-16 2022-03-24 National Research Council Of Canada Electric machines with enhanced electromagnetic interaction

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101505076B (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-12-01 哈尔滨工程大学 Underwater globular motor propeller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU222458B1 (en) 2003-07-28
BR9810332A (en) 2000-09-05
HUP9701088A2 (en) 1999-02-01
CA2294161A1 (en) 1998-12-30
HU9701088D0 (en) 1998-01-28
HUP9701088A3 (en) 2000-03-28
AU7783698A (en) 1999-01-04
KR20010014115A (en) 2001-02-26
PL337718A1 (en) 2000-08-28
JP2002516060A (en) 2002-05-28
WO1998059411A1 (en) 1998-12-30

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