CN1264818A - 利用混合制冷低温液化工业气体 - Google Patents
利用混合制冷低温液化工业气体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1264818A CN1264818A CN99127789A CN99127789A CN1264818A CN 1264818 A CN1264818 A CN 1264818A CN 99127789 A CN99127789 A CN 99127789A CN 99127789 A CN99127789 A CN 99127789A CN 1264818 A CN1264818 A CN 1264818A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- industrial gasses
- component refrigrant
- component
- compression
- refrigrant fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- ILEDWLMCKZNDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N esculetin Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=C(O)C(O)=C2 ILEDWLMCKZNDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- YUCFVHQCAFKDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound F[CH] YUCFVHQCAFKDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical group [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KZOWNALBTMILAP-JBMRGDGGSA-N ancitabine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.N=C1C=CN2[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3OC2=N1 KZOWNALBTMILAP-JBMRGDGGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[Cl] Chemical compound [F].[Cl] HXELGNKCCDGMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 hexafluoro butylene Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- XZKOELJOFVHXRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F XZKOELJOFVHXRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INEMUVRCEAELBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)C(F)(F)F INEMUVRCEAELBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQUXQQYWQKRCPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluorocyclopropane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F GQUXQQYWQKRCPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHLIEGBCOUQKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group CC=C(F)F YHLIEGBCOUQKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoroethene Chemical group FC=CF WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPRBXUJOQLYID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropentane Chemical compound CCCCCF OEPRBXUJOQLYID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBTUCBKAWGUMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC.[F] Chemical group C=CC.[F] QBTUCBKAWGUMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRPKRSLLVXAECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC.[F] Chemical compound CCCC.[F] XRPKRSLLVXAECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004341 Octafluorocyclobutane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005680 Thomson effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMNKXPULIDJLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)Cl UMNKXPULIDJLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099364 dichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethoxy(difluoro)methane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(F)F IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical class CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluorocyclobutane Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F BCCOBQSFUDVTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019407 octafluorocyclobutane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004692 perflenapent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NJCBUSHGCBERSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoropentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NJCBUSHGCBERSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004065 perflutren Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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Abstract
一种液化工业气体的方法,其中所需的部分冷量由多组分制冷剂循环产生,部分冷量通过或者使一部分工业气体或者一部分多组分制冷剂透平膨胀来产生。
Description
本发明总体涉及工业气体的低温液化,更具体地说,本发明涉及为低温液化提供冷量。
工业气体的液化要求为冷却和液化工业气体提供冷量。通常,通过使一部分工业气流透平膨胀(turboexpansion),接着使已经透平膨胀的部分与该工业气体的其余部分换热,来使其余部分液化而提供冷量。透平膨胀是一种能耗很大的步骤,在需要大量冷量时费用相当高。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种为液化工业气体提供冷量的系统,其中,液化工业气体所需的冷量,并非都是通过使一部分工业气体透平膨胀而产生的。
对本领域的普通技术人员而言,通过阅读本发明的说明书,将会更加清楚地了解本发明的上述和其它目的。本发明的一个方面是:
一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:(A)压缩工业气体,冷却压缩后的工业气体,以形成冷却的工业气体,将压缩和冷却后的工业气体的第一部分透平膨胀,来产生冷量,并通过与透平膨胀后的第一部分工业气体间接换热,使压缩和冷却后的工业气体的第二部分至少部分冷凝,产生被液化的工业气体;(B)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,冷却该压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体,使该压缩和冷却后的多组分制冷剂流体膨胀,产生冷量,并通过与所述冷却压缩后的工业气体的过程间接换热而温热该带冷量的膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体(refrigeration bearing expanded multicomponent refrigerant fluid);及(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
本发明的另一方面是:
一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:(A)压缩工业气体,将压缩后的工业气体的第一部分透平膨胀,来产生冷量,通过与透平膨胀后的第一部分工业气体间接换热,冷却压缩后的第二部分工业气体,并使该已经冷却后的第二部分工业气体进一步冷却,来产生液化的工业气体;(B)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,冷却该压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体,使该压缩和冷却后的多组分制冷剂流体膨胀,产生冷量,并通过与所述进一步冷却第二部分工业气体的过程间接换热而温热该带冷量的膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体;及(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
本发明的又一方面是:
一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:(A)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,使压缩后的第一部分多组分制冷剂流体透平膨胀,来产生冷量,并通过与所述工业气体间接换热而温热该透平膨胀后的第一部分多组分制冷剂流体,以产生冷却的工业气体;(B)进一步压缩已经压缩的多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分,使该进一步压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体第二部分膨胀,来产生冷量,通过与该已经冷却后的工业气体间接换热而温热上述膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体第二部分,来产生液化的工业气体;及(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
这里所用的术语“无毒”是指在合格的接触极限(acceptable exposure limit)内处理时,不会引起急性或慢性中毒。
这里所用的术语“非易燃”,是指没有闪点,或者闪点非常高,至少为600°K。
这里所用的术语“无臭氧耗减”,是指臭氧耗减可能性为零,即无氯、溴或者碘原子。
这里所用的术语“可变负荷制冷剂”,指由两种或者多种组分按比例组合的混合物,这些组分的液相可在混和物的气泡点和露点之间经历连续的增温变化。混和物的气泡点是指在给定压力下,混和物全部处于液相时,通过加热使气相与液相开始形成平衡的温度。混和物的露点是指在给定压力下,混和物全部处于气相时,通过放热使液相与气相开始平衡的温度。因此,混和物的气泡点和露点之间的温度区是一个在相平衡下液相和气相两相共存的区域。在本发明的实践中,可变负荷制冷剂的气泡点和露点之间的温差至少为10K,优选为至少20K,最好是至少为50K。
这里所用的术语“碳氟化合物”指下面任意一种:四氟甲烷(CF4)、全氟乙烷(C2F6),全氟丙烷(C3F8)、全氟丁烷(C4F10)、全氟戊烷(C5F12)、全氟乙烯(C2F4)、全氟丙烯(C3F6)、全氟丁烯(C4F8)、全氟戊烯(C5F10)、六氟环丙烷(环C3F6)、八氟环丁烷(环C4F8)。
这里所用的术语“碳氢氟化合物”指下述之一:三氟甲烷(CHF3)、五氟乙烷(C2HF5)、四氟乙烷(C2H2F4)、七氟丙烷(C3HF7)、六氟丙烷(C3H2F6)、五氟丙烷(C3H3F5)、四氟丙烷(C3H4F4)、九氟丁烷(C4HF9)、八氟丁烷(C4H2F8)、十一氟戊烷(C5HF11)、一氟甲烷(CH3F)、二氟甲烷(CH2F2)、一氟乙烷(C2H5F)、二氟乙烷(C2H4F2)、三氟乙烷(C2HF3)、二氟乙烯(C2H2F2)、三氟乙烯(C2HF3)、氟乙烯(C2H3F)、五氟丙烯(C3HF5)、四氟丙烯(C3H2F4)、三氟丙烯(C3H3F3)、二氟丙烯(C3H4F2)、七氟丁烯(C4HF7)、六氟丁烯(C4H2F6)、九氟戊烯(C5HF9)。
这里所用的术语“氟代醚”指下述一种:三氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CF3-O-CF3)、二氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CHF2-O-CF3)、一氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CH2F-O-CF3)、二氟甲氧基-二氟甲烷(CH2-O-CHF2)、二氟甲氧基-全氟乙烷(CHF2-O-C2F5)、二氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F4)、二氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(CHF2-O-C2HF4)、全氟乙氧基-一氟甲烷(C2F5-O-CH2F)、全氟甲氧基-1,1,2-三氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F3)、全氟甲氧基-1,2,2-三氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F3)、环-1,1,2,2-四氟丙基醚(cyclo-C3H2F4-O-)、环-1,1,3,3-四氟丙基醚(cyclo-C3H2F4-O-)、全氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2HF4)、环-1,1,2,3,3-五氟丙基醚(cyclo-C3H5-O-)、全氟甲氧基-全氟丙酮(CF3-O-CF2-O-CF3)、全氟甲氧基-全氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2F5)、全氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2HF4)、全氟甲氧基-2,2,2-三氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F3)、环-全氟甲氧基-全氟丙酮(cyclo-CF2-O-CF2-O-CF2-)及环全氟丙基醚(cyclo-C3F6-O)。
这里所用的术语“环境气体”指下面的一种:氮气(N2)、氩(Ar)、氪(Kr)、氙(Xe)、氖(Ne)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧气(O2)和氦(He)。
这里所用的术语“低臭氧耗减”指按蒙特利尔协议(Montreal Protocol)规定的潜在臭氧耗减小于0.15,其中二氯氟甲烷(CCl2F2)的潜在臭氧耗减为1.0。
这里所用的术语“常规沸点”,指在1个标准大气压下的沸腾温度,即绝对压强为每平方英寸14.696磅下的沸腾温度。
这里所用的术语“间接换热”,指使流体之间进行热交换,而流体相互之间不存在直接接触或者掺混。
这里所用的术语“膨胀”指实现减压。
这里所用的术语“透平膨胀”和“透平膨胀机”,分别指高压流体流过透平而减压和降温,从而产生冷量的方法和装置。
这里所用的术语“工业气体”,指氮气、氧气、氩、氢、氦、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲烷和含有两种或者两种以上的上述气体的混和物。
这里所用的术语“低温”,指温度等于或者小于150°K。
这里所用的术语“制冷”,指从低于环境温度的系统向周围环境放热的能力。
图1是本发明一个优选实施方案的简图,其中多组分制冷剂为液化提供了较高温度水平的冷量,工业气体的透平膨胀则提供较低温度水平的冷量。
图2是本发明另一个优选实施方案的简图,其中多组分制冷剂为液化提供较低温度水平的冷量,工业气体的透平膨胀则提供较高温度水平的冷量。
图3是本发明又一个优选实施方案的简图,其中多组分制冷剂为液化提供了较低和较高温度水平的制冷量,其中部分冷量由该多组分制冷剂透平膨胀来提供。
在本发明中,透平膨胀用于在一个较宽的温度范围内提供为液化工业气体所需的仅仅一部分冷量,而所需的其余部分冷量由多组分制冷剂提供,上述制冷剂在所需的温度范围内可以变化制冷量,因而提高了总液化效率。除了效率高外,另一个优点是,上述多组分制冷剂优选地无毒、不易燃,并且无臭氧耗减。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,在由两种或者多种组分构成的多组分制冷剂混合物中,每一种组分都有一个常规沸点,该常规沸点与混和物中的每一种其它组分的常规沸点至少相差5°K。这就提高了在低温下的较宽温度范围内提供制冷的能力。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,上述多组分制冷剂混合物中最高沸点组分的常规沸点比多组分制冷剂混合物中最低沸点组分的常规沸点至少高50°K。
下面将参照附图进一步详细讨论本发明。参照图1,多组分制冷剂流80经压缩机33,被压缩至绝对压力通常为每平方英寸100至1000磅(psia)。压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体81在后冷却器5中冷却,放出压缩热,所得到的多组分制冷剂流体82通过热交换器1,受到进一步冷却,最好被冷凝。所得到的多组分制冷剂液体85通过阀86节流、膨胀,压力通常达到15至100psia,从而产生冷量。利用焦耳-汤姆逊效应,流体通过阀86压力膨胀提供了冷量,也就是说,由于等焓降压过程,使流体温度降低。膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体87的温度通常为150-250°K。多组分制冷剂流体通过阀86的膨胀还引起部分流体蒸发。
带冷量(refrigeration bearing)的多组分两相制冷剂流体流87接着通过热交换器1,在其中被温热并完全蒸发,用以通过间接换热来冷却压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体。如下面将详细描述的那样,流体87的温热过程还可以用于冷却工业气体。蒸汽流80中的所得到的温热后的多组分制冷剂流体,温度通常为280-320°K,此蒸气流再循环到压缩机33,重新开始新的制冷循环。
气流60的工业气体流,如氮,通过压缩机30压缩,压力通常为50-900psia,所获得的工业气体流61通过后冷却器4冷却,放出压缩热。压缩后的工业气体流62接着通过热交换器1,与多组分制冷剂流体87间接换热而被冷却。
所获得的冷却了的工业气体66分成第一部分67和第二部分68。第一部分67通过透平膨胀机32透平膨胀到压力通常为15-150psia,来产生冷量。所获得的透平膨胀后的带冷量的物流73从透平膨胀机32中抽出,以物流77形式流过热交换器2,在该热交换器中与第二部分间接换热而温热,这一点下面将详细描述。所获得的温热后的物流74从热交换器2流过热交换器1,得到进一步温热,然后以物流75形式送至物流60,再循环到压缩机30。
第二部分68流过热交换器2,在该热交换器中与透平膨胀后的第一部分间接换热,被进一步冷却,并且被至少部分冷凝,所获得的流体流69通过阀71后,作为流70进入相分离器10。如果流69全部是液体,流过阀71时将使其中一些液体蒸发,因而流70为两相流。蒸气从相分离器10流出,成为流76,并与流73合并形成流77,流77如前述那样处理。液体从分离器10流出,成为流72,作为液化后的产品工业气体流到使用站,和/或储存起来。
在图2所示的本发明的实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流循环用来主要为工业气体液化提供较低温度水平的冷量。参看图2,多组分制冷剂流体180通过压缩机133通常压缩至100-600psia。压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体181在后冷却器105中放出压缩热而被冷却,所得到的多组分制冷剂流体如所示出的流182、183、184和185通过热交换器101、102、103,在这些交换器中受到进一步冷却,最好被冷凝。所得到的多组分制冷剂流体185经阀186节流,通常膨胀到压力为15-100psia,因而产生冷量。利用焦耳-汤姆逊效应,流体通过阀186的压力膨胀过程提供冷量。膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体187的温度通常为80-120°K。多组分制冷剂流体通过阀186的膨胀过程还使部分流体蒸发。
带冷量的多组分两相制冷剂流体流187接着通过热交换器103、102和101,如流188和189所示的那样,在上述热交换器中温热,并完全蒸发,因而通过间接换热来冷却压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体。
流体187的温热还用于冷却和液化工业气体,这一点下面将详细描述。所获得的温热后的多组分制冷剂蒸气流180的温度通常为280-320°K,该气体流再循环到压缩机133,并重新开始新的制冷循环。
工业气体流160,如氮气流,通过压缩机130压缩至通常30-150psia,所获得的工业气体流161在后冷却器104中放出压缩热而被冷却。压缩后的工业气体流162接着作为流163流入压缩机131,被进一步压缩到通常80-900psia。所得到的进一步压缩后的流164在后冷却器105中放出压缩热并被冷却,所得到的流165接着通过热交换器101,在其中与透平膨胀后的第二部分174和多组分制冷剂流189间接换热而被冷却。
所获得的冷却后的工业气体166分成第一部分167和第二部分168。第一部分167经过透平膨胀机132,透平膨胀至压力通常为30-300psia,来产生冷量。所得到的透平膨胀后的带冷量的流173从透平膨胀机132中抽出,通过热交换器102,在该热交换器中与第二部分间接换热而被温热,这一点下面将详细描述。所得到的温热后的流174从热交换器102流到热交换器101,被进一步温热,接着作为流175并入流162,形成流163,并再循环到压缩机130。
第二部分168通过热交换器102,在该热交换器中与透平膨胀后的第一部分间接换热而进一步冷却,也可能被部分冷凝,所得到的流体作为流169通过热交换器103,在该热交换器中与带冷量的多组分制冷剂流体187间接换热而全部冷凝,形成液化的工业气体170。所得到的液化的工业气体接着通过阀171,成为流172,流向使用站和/或储存起来。
尽管图2所示的系统利用透平膨胀主要提供高温度水平的冷量,即热交换器101和102所需的冷量,但是,显然所需的一些冷量可以由多组分制冷剂循环提供。因此,尽管多组分制冷剂主要提供低温水平的冷量,也就是说,提供热交换器103所需的冷量,但是多组分制冷剂也可以为其它热交换器提供一些冷量。而且,尽管图示的多组分制冷剂流循环是单一的封闭循环,但是也可以利用制冷剂液体内部再循环。也可以采用一个中间温度水平的相分离过程来回收和再循环,即再温热制冷剂流体,同时蒸气相部分在再温热之前可进一步冷却。考虑到制冷剂的成分和组成,液体循环的特点提供了非常灵活的方法,并且能够避免任何液体的冻结问题。
在图3所示的本发明的实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体循环用来为工业气体的液化既提供较高温度水平的冷量,又提供较低温度水平的冷量。参见图3,多组分制冷剂流体201经过压缩机202被压缩到通常100-300psia。所得到的压缩流203的第一部分204经过透平膨胀机205,透平膨胀至压力通常为20-50psia,因而产生冷量。所得到的透平膨胀后的带冷量的流206进入多组分制冷剂冷却回路的热端,并通过热交换器207,在该热交换器中与工业气体间接换热而被温热,从而使工业气体冷却。所得到的温热后的第一部分从热交换器207中抽出,作为流201,再循环至压缩机202。
压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体203的第二部分208,经过压缩机209进一步压缩至通常100-600psia。所得到的进一步压缩后的流210通过后冷却器211放出压缩热而被冷却,所得到的流212通过热交换器207,在该热交换器中与带冷量的透平膨胀后的第一部分多组分制冷剂流体间接换热而被冷却。所得到的冷却的第二部分213通过热交换器214进一步冷却,最好被冷凝。该进一步冷却后的多组分制冷剂流体流215接着通过阀216膨胀,利用焦耳汤姆逊效应产生冷量。如图3所示,优选使流215通过阀216的膨胀过程引起流体部分蒸发,以便所得到的流217是两相流。流217流入相分离器218,蒸气流219和液体流220都从相分离器218流入热交换器214的冷端。在热交换器214中,带冷量的多组分制冷剂流的第二部分与冷却的工业气体间接换热被温热,最好被全部蒸发。如上所述,对多组分制冷剂流体第二部分的温热过程还用于冷却第二部分213。所得到的温热后的第二部分221流出热交换器214,与第一部分206合并,用于流过热交换器207进行温热,然后成为流201,再循环至压缩机202。
工业气体流222经过压缩机225一般被压缩至100-900psia。所得到的经压缩的工业气体流226经过后冷却器227放出压缩热而被冷却,所得到的压缩了的工业气体流228在热交换器207中与透平膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体第一部分的温热过程,以及与第二部分的温热过程间接换热而被冷却。所获得的冷却的工业气体流229在热交换器214中与膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分的温热过程间接换热被进一步冷却,并至少被部分液化。所得到的至少被部分液化的工业气体230通过阀231,接着成为流232进入相分离器233。来自相分离器233的工业气体蒸气成为流234、235和236,通过热交换器214和207而被温热,用来参与工业气体的冷却和液化,然后并入流222,在液化回路内再循环。液体工业气体从相分离器233抽出成为流237,通过阀238,成为流239送至使用站和/或储存起来。
为了在每一温度下提供所需的冷量,本发明实践中所用的多组分制冷剂流体含有至少两种组分。制冷剂组分的选择取决于特定工艺方法的冷负荷与温度的关系。可依据它们的常规沸点、潜热、可燃性、毒性及潜在臭氧耗减选择合适的组分。
用于本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施方案包括:取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物和氟代醚中的至少一种组分,及取自由碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚和环境气体中的至少一种组分。
用于本发明的另一个多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施方案包括:取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚中的至少一种组分,及至少一种环境气体。
用于本发明的另一个多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施方案包括:取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚中的至少两种组分,及至少一种环境气体。
用于本发明的另一个多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施方案包括:取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚中的至少两种组分,及至少两种环境气体。
用于本发明的另一个多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施方案包括:至少一种氟代醚,及取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚、及环境气体的中的至少一种组分。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体只包括碳氟化合物。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体只包括碳氟化合物和氢氟碳化合物。在本发明的又一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体只包括碳氟化合物和环境气体。在本发明的再一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体只包括碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物和氟代醚。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体只包括碳氟化合物、氟代醚和环境气体。
尽管用于本发明的多组分制冷剂流体可以含有其它的组分,如碳氢氯氟化合物,和/或碳氢化合物,但是优选多组分制冷剂流体最好不含碳氢氯氟化合物。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体不含碳氢化合物,最优选的是多组分制冷剂流体既不含碳氢氯氟化合物,又不含碳氢化合物。最优选的是多组分制冷剂流体无毒、不易燃、无臭氧耗减,而最优选的是,多组分制冷剂流体中的每一种或者是碳氟化合物、碳氢氟化合物、氟代醚,或者是环境气体。
本发明特别适用于从环境温度有效地达到低温。表1-5列出了用于本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的优选实施例。表1-5中给出的浓度是摩尔百分数。
表1
组分 浓度范围
C5F12 5-25
C4F10 0-15
C3F8 10-40
C2F6 0-30
CF4 10-50
Ar 0-40
N2 10-80
Ne 0-10
He 1-10
表2
组分 浓度范围
C3H35 5-25
C4F10 0-15
C3F8 10-40
CHF3 0-30
CF4 10-50
Ar 0-40
N2 10-80
Ne 0-10
He 0-10
表3
组分 浓度范围
C3H3F5 5-25
C3H2F6 0-15
C2H2F4 5-20
C2HF5 5-20
C2F6 0-30
CF4 10-50
Ar 0-40
N2 10-80
Ne 0-10
He 0-10
表4
组分 浓度范围
CHF2-O-C2HF4 5-25
C4F10 0-15
CF3-O-CHF2 10-40
CF3-O-CF3 0-20
C2F6 0-30
CF4 10-50
Ar 0-40
N2 10-80
Ne 0-10
He 0-10
表5
组分 浓度范围
C3H3F5 5-25
C3H2F6 0-15
CF3-O-CHF3 10-40
CHF3 0-30
CF4 0-25
Ar 0-40
N2 10-80
Ne 0-10
He 0-10
本发明特别适用于在较宽温度范围内提供冷量,尤其包括提供低温温度范围的冷量。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,制冷剂混和物的两种或者多种组分中的每一种的常规沸点与制冷剂混和物中每一种其它组分的常规沸点至少相差5°K,较优选的是相差10°K,最好是相差20°K。这就提高了在较宽温度范围内尤其在低温温度范围内的制冷效果。在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案中,多组分制冷剂流体中最高沸点组分的常规沸点比多组分制冷剂流体中最低沸点组分的常规沸点至少高50°K,优选至少高100°K,最优选至少高200°K。
构成本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的组分和它们的浓度应能形成可变负荷的多组分制冷剂流体,最好该制冷剂流体能够在本发明方法的全部温度范围内保持可变负荷的特性。这就能在较宽的温度范围内更有效地产生和利用冷量。上述规定的优选组分还具有的优点是,能够用于形成无毒、不易燃、低或无臭氧耗减的流体混合物。因此本发明的制冷剂比传统的有毒、易燃、和/或有臭氧耗减的制冷剂具有额外的优点。
用于本发明的一种优选的无毒、不易燃、无臭氧耗减的可变负荷多组分制冷剂流体含有选自以下组分的两种或者多种组分:C5F12、CHF2-O-C2HF4、C4HF9、C3H3F5、C2F5-O-CH2F、C3H3F5、C3H2F6、CHF2-O-CHF2、C4F10、CF3-O-C2H2F3、C3HF7、CH2F-O-CF3、C2H2F4、CHF2-O-CF3、C3F8、C2HF5、CF3-O-CF3、C2F6、CHF3、CF4、O2、Ar、N2、Ne和He。
尽管已经参照某些优选实施方案详细地描述了本发明,显然对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在本发明的权利要求的构思和保护范围内,还可以有其它实施方案。
Claims (10)
1、一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:
(A)压缩工业气体,冷却压缩后的工业气体,形成冷却的工业气体,将压缩和冷却后的工业气体的第一部分透平膨胀,来产生冷量,并通过与透平膨胀后的第一部分间接换热,使压缩和冷却后的工业气体的第二部分至少部分冷凝,以产生被液化的工业气体;
(B)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,冷却该压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体,使该压缩和冷却后的多组分制冷剂流体膨胀,产生冷量,并通过与所述冷却压缩后的工业气体的过程间接换热而温热该带冷量的膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体;及
(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述多组分制冷剂流体包括至少两种取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚中的组分,及至少两种取自环境气体的组分。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中多组分制冷剂流体包括至少一种氟代醚,及至少一种取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚及环境气体中的组分。
4、一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:
(A)压缩工业气体,将压缩后的工业气体的第一部分透平膨胀,来产生冷量,通过与透平膨胀后的第一部分工业气体间接换热使压缩后的第二部分工业气体冷却,并使该已经冷却后的第二部分工业气体进一步冷却,来产生液化的工业气体;
(B)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,冷却该压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体,使该压缩和冷却后的多组分制冷剂流体膨胀,产生冷量,并通过与所述进一步冷却第二部分工业气体的过程间接换热而温热该带冷量的膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体;及
(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
5、根据权利要求4的方法,其中,压缩后的工业气体在透平膨胀之前,在多组分制冷剂流体已与所述进一步冷却第二部分工业气体的过程间接换热之后,通过和所述多组分制冷剂流体进行间接换热而冷却。
6、根据权利要求4的方法,其中多组分制冷剂流体包括:至少一种取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物和氟代醚中的组分,以及至少一种取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物、氟代醚和环境气体中的组分。
7、一种液化工业气体的方法,包括:
(A)压缩含有至少两种组分的多组分制冷剂流体,使压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体的第一部分透平膨胀,来产生冷量,通过与所述工业气体间接换热温热该透平膨胀后的第一部分多组分制冷剂流体,以产生冷却的工业气体;
(B)进一步压缩已经压缩的多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分,使该进一步压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体第二部分膨胀,来产生冷量,并通过与该已经冷却后的工业气体间接换热而温热上述膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分,来产生液化的工业气体;
(C)回收液化后的工业气体作为产品。
8、根据权利要求7的方法,还包括:在膨胀之前,所述进一步压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分通过与所述温热所述多组分制冷剂流体的透平膨胀后的第一部分的过程间接换热而被冷却。
9、根据权利要求7的方法,还包括:在所述多组分制冷剂流体的第二部分与冷却后的工业气体间接换热之后,通过与上述第二部分多组分制冷剂流体间接换热,来预冷工业气体。
10、根据权利要求7的方法,其中多组分制冷剂流体包括:至少两种取自碳氟化合物、氢氟碳化合物和氟代醚中的组分,及至少一种环境气体。
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-
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- 1999-12-24 CA CA002293207A patent/CA2293207C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-28 KR KR1019990063284A patent/KR20000052602A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-28 DE DE69916224T patent/DE69916224T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-28 BR BR9905995-9A patent/BR9905995A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1999-12-28 CN CNB991277899A patent/CN1151353C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101852534A (zh) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 林德股份公司 | 用于使富含烃类的馏份液化的方法 |
CN103487154A (zh) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-01-01 | 浙江三花股份有限公司 | 一种热力膨胀阀的感温包及其充注方法及其制冷系统 |
CN111156788A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-15 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 氢液化与气体处理单元的一体化 |
CN111156787A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-15 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 氢液化与气体处理单元的一体化 |
CN111156787B (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2022-06-03 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 氢液化与气体处理单元的一体化 |
CN111156788B (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2022-06-24 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 氢液化与气体处理单元的一体化 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69916224T2 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
KR20000052602A (ko) | 2000-08-25 |
BR9905995A (pt) | 2001-03-27 |
CN1151353C (zh) | 2004-05-26 |
EP1016845A3 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
EP1016845A2 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
US6041620A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
EP1016845B1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
DE69916224D1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
CA2293207C (en) | 2003-08-26 |
CA2293207A1 (en) | 2000-06-30 |
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